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NATURAL HISTORY 


SURVEY, 


en a al) : | 
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Ue a me eee ts 
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Mt ee wet 


BULLETIN 
of the 


ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY 
THEODORE H. FRISON, Chief 


September 1945 


Contents and Index 


Volume 22 
1941-1943 


Printed by Authority of the 


STATE OF ILLINOIS 
DWIGHT H. GREEN, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
FRANK G. THOMPSON, Director 


Urbana, Illinois 


STATE OF ILLINOIS 
DwicuT H. GREEN, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
FRANK G. THOMPSON, Director 


Mev el hea iG ls BORY SURVEY DIVISLON 
THEODORE H. FRrison, Chief 


Hlinois Natural History Survey 
BULEEFIN 


V olume 22 


Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois 


UREA NAL LELENOTS 


1941-1943 


STATE OF ILLINOIS 
DwicuTt H. GREEN, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
FRANK G. THompson, Director 


BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION 
FRANK G. THompsoN, Chairman 


WILLIAM TRELEASE, D.Sc., LL.D., Biology* 
Ezra J. Kraus, Ph.D., D.Sc., Forestry 
L. R. Howson, B.S.C.E., C.E., Engineering 


ARTHUR CUTTS WILLARD, D.Eng., LL.D., 
President of the University of Illinois 
NorMAN L. Bowen, Ph.D., Geology 


RoGer ApAms, Ph.D., D.Sc., Chemistry 


NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION 


Urbana, Illinois 


SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STAFF 
THEODORE H. Frison, Ph.D., Chief 


FLORENCE A. NYBERG, Assistant to the Chief 


Section of Economic Entomology 


G. C. Decker, Ph.D., Entomolgist 

M. D. Farrar, Ph.D., Research Entomolo- 
gist 

J. H. Biccer, M.S., Associate Entomologist 

S. C. CHANDLER, B.S., Southern Field Ento- 
mologist 

James W. AppLe, MS., 
Entomologist (on leave) 

B. G. Bercer, M.A., Assistant Entomologist 

JoHn M. Wricut, B.A., Assistant Ento- 
mologist (on leave) 

H. B. Petty, Jr., M.A., Associate in Ento- 
mology Extension 

C. J. Weinman, Ph.D., Special Research 
Assistant 


Witiis N. Bruce, B.S. Special Research 
Assistant 


Northern Field 


Section of Insect Survey 


H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematic Entomologist 

Cart O. Mone, Ph.D., Associate Entomolo- 
gist, Artist (on leave) 

B. D. Burks, Ph.D., Assistant Entomolo- 
gist (on leave) 

Mitton W. SANDERSON, 
Entomologist 


Puytiis A. BEAvEeR, Laboratory Assistant 


Ph.D., Assistant 


Section of Forestry 


James E. Davis, M.F., Extension Forester 


Section of Aquatic Biology 
Grorce W. BEnnetTT, Ph.D., Limnologist 
D. F. Hansen, Ph.D., Assistant Zoologist 
PauL G. BarnickoL, M.A., Ichthyologist 


Section of Game Research and Managemer 
R. E. YEATTER, Ph.D., Game Specialist 


Section of Wildlife Experimental Areas 
ARTHUR S. Hawkins, M.S., Game Tecl 
nician (on leave) 
F. C. BELLROSE, JR., B.S., Associate Gam 
Technician 
Harotp C. Hanson, M.S., Assistant Gam 
Technician 


Section of Applied Botany and Plant 
Pathology 
L. R. TeHon, Ph.D., Botanist 
J. C. Carrer, Ph.D., Assistant Botanist 
G. H. Boewe, M.S., Field Botanist 
J. L. Forsperc, M.S., Research Pathologist 


Bessig B. HENDERSON, M.S., Research Assisi 
ant 


Section of Publications 


James S. Ayars, B.S., Technical Editor 
ELEANOR G. Wo rr, B.Ed., Assistant Tec/ 
nical Editor 


Technical Library 


MarGuERITE Simmons, M.A., M.S., Techn: 
cal Librarian 


CONSULTANTS IN HeERPETOLOocy: Howarp K. Gioyp, Ph.D., Director of the Museum, Chicag 
Academy of Sciences; Cutrrorp H. Pope, B.S., Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles, Chicag 


Natural History Museum 
*Deceased January 1, 1945. 


This paper is a contribution from the Section of Publications. 


(81447—800—4-45) 


CONTENTS 


ARTICLE 1—THE PLANT BUGS, OR MIRIDAE, OF ILLINOIS. By Harry 
PieeNIGET.. . September, 1941: 234 pp., frontis., 181 figs... 007... kee 1—234 


Introduction 1, Biology 2, Distribution and habitat preference 5, Economic status and 
control 12, Taxonomy 15, Host list 211, Bibliography 218, Index 223. 


ARTICLE 2—STUDIES OF NORTH AMERICAN PLECOPTERA, With 
Special Reference to the Fauna of Illinois. By T. H. Frison. September, 1942. 
1 Op SR LTE UL Sel (2 Ope Fr oe Mane RA ee Pa ae a ee ee 235-356 


Acknowledgments 236, Disposition of material 236, Arrangement of subject matter 
236, Revised classification 237, Revised key to families 238, Revised list of Illinois 
species 240, Pteronarcidae 242, Peltoperlidae 245, Taeniopterygidae 247, Leuctridae 
256, Nemouridae 260, Capniidae 262, Perlidae 271, Perlodidae 287, Isoperlidae 311, 
Chloroperlidae 337, Literature cited 348, Index 351. 


ARTICLE 3—MANAGEMENT OF SMALL ARTIFICIAL LAKES: A Sum- 
mary of Fisheries Investigations, 1938-1942. By GrorceE W. BENNETT. Feb- 
MMe ere ee). igs SEV ON TT Sea. BF TPS 2 e150 sok f digixg he hx Sduetere's vv else wiih alates Se 357-76 


Objectives of fish management 357, Evaluation of fish species 358, Cropping 365, 
Experimental combinations of fish 370, Summary 376, Literature cited 376. 


ARTICLE 4—THE PRAIRIE CHICKEN IN ILLINOIS. By Ratpu E. 
Rertrnren Iviay, 1943. °° 40) pp., tnentis., 18. fPS.0 . o.. ok ce ee eee So 377-416 


Early distribution 377, Present range 379, Life history 384, Population studies 393, 
Mortality causes 396, Food habits 401, Management 407, Summary 413, Literature 
cited 415. 


ARTICLE 5.—PREFERENTIAL RATING OF DUCK FOOD PLANTS. By 
FRANK C. BELLROSE, JR., AND Harry G. ANDERSON. May, 1943. 18 pp., 
MEP MIRETAL AG: eRe oe ee BL RA rh Me tbA Ot Sales glade GS vis a ptik pule alee ee 417-34 


ARTICLE 6.—SURVEY OF THE ILLINOIS FUR RESOURCE. By Louts G. 
Brown AND Lee E. YEAGER. September, 1943. 70 pp., frontis., 33 figs... ..435—504 


Project administration 436, Acknowledgments 436, Review of literature 436, Project 
objectives 437, Survey procedure 438, The fur-taker 449, Illinois fur laws 451, Illinois 
fur animals 452, Total yield and value 491, Illinois fur trade 496, Summary 500, 
Literature cited 503. 


ARTICLE 7.—ILLINOIS FURBEARER DISTRIBUTION AND INCOME. 
By Cart O. Mour. September, 1943. 33 pp., frontis., 26 figs........... 505-37 


Acknowledgments 506, Numbers of fur-takers 507, Comparison of data 511, Muskrat 
513, Mink 514, Raccoon 516, Skunk 517, Opossum 518, Foxes 520, Long-tailed weasel 
523, Least weasel 524, Badger 525, Bobcat 526, Domestic cat 527, Otter 527, Coyote 
528, Marten 532, Spotted skunk 532, Beaver 533, Total annual catch 534, Total annual 
income 535, Future possibilities 536, Literature cited 536. 


gn are Nelle Naa g siviv am Soin dle manede bade be cade dbs 539 


EMENDATION 


Page 61, second couplet under Fulvius Stal, Key to Species. 
Read as follows: Second antennal segment brown, apical 
third or fourth white at apex; scutellum uniformly 
rayne yest Mot Sara Oe rayne oR CONSIT MeCN nc dee | a imbecilis, p. 61 


Goat 
area 
Die 


Tom 


Recent Publications 
of the 
ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY 


ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY BULLETIN 


Volume 23, Article 1—The Caddis Flies, or Trichoptera, of Illinois. By Herbert H. Ross. 
August, 1944. 326 pp., frontis.+961 figs., bibliog., index. $1.50. 


Volume 23, Article 2—Duck Populations and Kill. By Frank C. Bellrose, Jr. November, 1944. 
46 pp., frontis. + 27 figs., bibliog. 


Volume .23, Article 3.—Overfishing in a Small Artificial Lake; Onized Lake near Alton, 
Illinois. By George .W. Bennett. April, 1945. 35 pp., frontis.+15 figs., bibliog. 


Volume 23, Article 4—Wetwood of Elms. By J. Cedric Carter. August, 1945. 42 pp., 
frontis.+30 figs., bibliog. 

Volume 23, Article 5.—Fox Squirrels and Gray Squirrels in Illinois. By Louis G. Brown and 
Lee E. Yeager. September, 1945. 88 pp., frontis.+42 figs., bibliog. 


List of available publications, about 400 titles, mailed on request. 


Address orders and correspondence to the Chief 


ILLINOIS NATURAL History SURVEY 
Natural Resources Building, Urbana, Illinois 


Payment in the form of U. S. Post Office money order made out to 
State Treasurer of Illinois, Springfield, Illinois, 
must accompany requests for those publications on which a price is set. 


. September 1941 


linois 


Urbana, Il 


i Volume 22, Article 1 


BULLETIN of the 


ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY 
THEODORE H. FRISON, Chief 


The Plant Bugs, 
or Miridae, 
of Illinois 


HARRY H. KNIGHT 


TE bs eg Printed by Authority of the 
NATURAL hisiUay SURVEY STATE OF ILLINOIS 


DWIGHT H. GREEN, Governor 
obP 9 196 ? 
DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
LIBRARY FRANK G. THOMPSON, Director 


SATE Or: LLIN Os 


Dwicut H. Green, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 


Frank G. Tuompson, Director 


NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION 


THEODORE H. Frison, CHIEF 


Volume 22 BULLETIN Article 1 


The Plant Bugs, or Miridae, 


of Illinois 


HARRY H. KNIGHT 


Printed by Authority of the State of Illinots 


URBANA, ILLINOIS 


September 1941 


STRATE OP aL SENOS 


Dwicut H. GREEN, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 


Frank G. Tuompson, Director 


BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION 


Frank G. Tuompson, Chairman 


Wriiram TRELEASE, D.Sc., LL.D., Biology 
Ezra J. Kraus, Ph.D., D.Sc., Forestry 
L. R. Howson, B.S.C.E., C.E., Engineering 


Wiiiram A. Noyes, 


Ph.D.;, .LL.D.; “ChemoDe, 
D.Sc., Chemistry 


Epson S. Bastin, Ph.D., Geology 


Artuur Cutts WILLARD, D.Eng., LL.D., 
President of the University of I/linots 


NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION 
Urbana, Illinois 


€CIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STAFF 
TuHeopore H. Frison, Ph.D., Chief 


Section of Economic Entomology 

W. P. Fiint, B.S., Chief Entomologist 

C. C. Compton, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist 

M. D. Farrar, Ph.D., Research Entomologist 

J. H. Biccer, B.S., Associate Entomologist 

S. C. CHANDLER, B.S., Southern Field Entomolo- 
gist 

L. H. Suropsuire, M.S., Northern Field Ento- 
mologist 

B. G. Bercer, M.A., Assistant Entomologist 

H.3B. Perry, B.A., Assistant, Entomology Ex- 
tension 

M. M. Perraxts, B.A., Entomological Assistant 

C. J. Wernman, Ph.D., Research Fellow in En- 
tomology 

Georce F. Lupvix, B.A., Research Fellow in 
Entomology 

T. F. Winsurn, M.S., Associate Entomologist 
(U.S.B.E.P.9. and Commodity Credit Cor- 


poration, cooperating) 


Section of Insect Survey 


H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematic Entomologist 

Cart O. Monr, Ph.D., Associate Entomologist, 
Artist 

B. D. Burks, Ph.D., Assistant Entomologist 

G. T. Riecet, M.S., Entomological Assistant 

Katuryn M. Sommerman, M.S., Artist, Ento- 
mological Assistant 


Section of Forestry 
James E. Davis, M.F., Extension Forester 
Lee E. Yeacer, Ph.D., Forester 


CoNnsULTANT: 
Academy of Sciences 


Section of Aquatic Biology 
Davin H. Tuompson, Ph.D., Zoologist 
Georce W. Bennett, Ph.D., Limnologist 
D. F. Hansen, Ph.D., Assistant Zoologist 
Bruno Limsacu, B.S , Zoological Assistant 
R. G. Rennets, M.F., Assistant Aquatic Biolo- 

gist 

Section of Game Research and Management 

Ravpu E. Yeatrer, Ph.D., Game Specialist 


Section of Wildlife Experimental Areas 
ArtHur S. Hawkins, M.S., Game Technician 
(On leave) : 
F. C. Bexirose, Jr., B.S., Assistant Game 
Technician 
J. B. Low, Ph.D., Assistant Game Technician 
W. H. Exper, Ph.D., 4sststant Game Technician 


Cooperative Wildlife Restoration Program 
(State Department of Conservation and U.S. Fish 
and Wildlife Service) 
Harry G. Anverson, M.A., Junior Biologist 
L. G. Brown, B.S., Junior Biologist 
R. E. Hesserscuwerot, B.A., Funior Biologist 
C. S. Spooner, M.F., Funior Biologist 


Section of Applied Botany and Plant Pathology 
L. R. Tenon, Ph.D., Botanist 
D. B. Creacer, Ph.D., Research Pathologist 
J. C. Carter, Ph.D., Assistant Botanist 
G. H. Boewe, M.S., Field Botanist 


Section of Publications 


James S. Ayars, B.S., Editor 


Herpetology, Howarp K. Groyp, Ph.D., Director of the Museum, Chicago 


This paper is a contribution from the Section of Insect Survey. 


(A47723—2, 200-—5-41) 


FOREWORD 


HE Miridae, or plant bugs, containing 

well over a third of the species of the 
order Hemiptera, have long attracted atten- 
tion because of their abundance, their diver- 
sity of shape and the great variety of plant 
hosts they attack. Except for a few preda- 
cious species, they suck the juices from plant 
leaves and, with the leafhoppers, aphids and 
scale insects, rank as one of the most impor- 
tant groups of plant sucking insects in I[lli- 
nois. 


Early in 1930, a project to investigate the 
Miridae of Illinois and to prepare a com- 
prehensive report on the state fauna was 
organized. Dr. Harry H. Knight, Iowa 
State College, Ames, Iowa, was enlisted as 
leader of the project to direct the initial 
intensive collecting for the group, identify 
the material and write the final report, and 
he was employed by the Survey as Assistant 
Entomologist during the summers of 1930, 
1932, 1933 and 1937 to acomplish these 
objectives. 

Intensive collecting was begun in 1930. 
Prior to this date much material had been 
assembled by earlier Illinois collectors, par- 
ticularly C. A. Hart and C. W. Stromberg, 
whose specimens in the Natural History 
Survey collection formed not only a good 
general collection of the group but also in- 
cluded several species not taken in our recent 
search. Much interesting material collected 
in Illinois by W. J. Gerhard was lent us 
by the Field Museum of Natural History, 
Chicago. 

Field work for this group followed very 
closely the pattern developed during an 
earlier study of Illinois aphids (Hottes & 
Frison 1931). Collecting was done in every 
part of the state, from south to north, east 
to west, and repeated at different seasons in 
an attempt to capture species which might 
be restricted to certain periods of the year 
or to limited local habitats. Using known 
mirid host plants as a guide, we attempted 
to collect from every species of probable 
host in every locality visited. 


This procedure was followed in 1930 and 
1932. In 1931, drought conditions reduced 
the mirid population to a low ebb, making 
collecting for this group impractical. In 
1934, 1935 and 1936, intensive collecting 
for leafhoppers turned up many more Miri- 
dae, including a large number of new records 
for Illinois. A total of about 20,000 speci- 
mens was accumulated, including the 5,000 
specimens already in the collection before 
our drive for this group began. All mem- 
bers of the Insect Survey Section staff have 
at various times aided with the field work 
and preparation of material for identification 
and preservation. 


Much of the work of final identification 
of material and completion of the manuscript 
was done by Dr. Knight at Ames, Iowa, 
while not attached to the Survey, and I wish 
to express our gratitude to him for spending 
so much of his own time in bringing this 
project to a successful conclusion. 


Several members of our staff in the Insect 
Survey Section also have contributed greatly 
to the final manuscript. The many full illus- 
trations of Miridae are with few exceptions 
the work of Dr. C. O. Mohr, Associate 
Entomologist and Artist. Dr. Mohr and 
Miss Kathryn M. Sommerman, Entomologi- 
cal Assistant, also added many illustrations 
used to illustrate key characters and male 
genitalia. Summarizing the Illinois collec- 
tion data and adding it to the manuscript, 
modification of the keys to emphasize as 
much as possible characters which could be 
illustrated, and adapting the manuscript to 
current Survey practices represent the pains- 
taking and effectual work of Dr. H. H. 
Ross, Systematic Entomologist, and Dr. B. 
D. Burks, Assistant Entomologist. The sec- 
tion on economic status and control is in part 
the work of Prof. W. P. Flint, Chief 
Entomologist. Finally the manuscript was 
read and styling determined by the Editor, 
Mr. James S. Ayars. 

T. H. Frison, Chief 


Illinois Natural History Survey 


~s, 
ae uae 


GCONTEN TFS 


age 
PENSION CHa ON RS AY eee Tm ROR td Rr ee pen Aa Meare ae MA. de eh oy ls sake aS «Hee ean 1 
"BINGO LGVEN? 5 ay or euahBeetek Sm CHe REN aae” Bt Eaten Cleo SU oh PES oh DOC os eo jy 

Life Cycle.—Hibernation.—Feeding Habits. 

SHRUB UR TON SAN Die 1s Lata ROE IBIRSE INGEN |. Seca cee cis dco << Gini woe Gees ave Aug ee Some 5 

Mirids in Restricted Areas.—Forest Mirids.—Grass and Marsh Miuirids.—Widely 
Distributed Species.—Collecting Notes. 

EEO NONUCHO TATU SEAN Dn GC ONIEROW Geta ts Ree Aso, ne NN nist cacy SAR ae P as, kde «pans Sou ype 2 12 
TP ASR DIOITIS, gaan Ba RT SEE nea SEN ct OM UENDIG 'c) Succ ear COUR I a NE ee eG weit, cae ere ares 15 
Systematic Characters.—Phylogeny.—Present Holders of Material: Symbols.—Meas- 

urements and Records.—Tarsal Claw Key Characters. 

Mermross ubiaiiies: vari siete we ese i otha SO Se, te ee Oe 19 
hailiniac es Seem een Leena een WO niet Te ade Aes oie AMEE, cy aR Me ee De 
Denes Se ee Mert cine MOTE) Rae eit de TES PSL NE ot a REN win tes VE eg eags 52 
BVO COL a Coney arya 63 RMT RN een ee ete a CIE ole lnc uae hike Bie Sook s ate 58 
(CATES US tps comnts ace be Ae ag? a. ee Ary iene ee Pe ae Se Pe Se eer Ee sie 61 
Clivineminaes¢. 22 eo ee aa ee ee Ae oe tae el hee Ae eee 63 
I SracOCOhina cee ae, ns eee Setar eee ee a ee ee ee En ctor 64 
Orthotylinaes f . 200 se a tee eer ea eee ee See eh eee eee 74 
Nine One aire ae oid Cuan SRR pE ne eres, PST WIA 22 late aatare ge laiapals, ee _124 
(GEIR, PV ORR eae ahi Acre (ae aot To ae a re es ee oe. eee 131 

| Shevsee” SSCs ie hare sabe A ee OA ee Pe me A obilen tr Bec eae 2 asc 211 
PEs ESR CLEATS EL Ve Re PO SEN ENUM EET, Un Mtn ete bier ts Shades Sie ee Sc tanets rusher (moe ecainse Sthuaas Sree 218 
BEG cg ee me sentry toy eee MN ee PNG on NS eth |i oie abyss gatorte hin etena> ip Ue chu MOE 223 


Horcias illini. 


Typical in general outline of many plant bugs found in Illinois, but among the more strik- 
ing in coloration and markings. 


The Plant Bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois 


HARRY HH: KNIGHT* 


Introduction 


HE list of Miridae of Illinois now 

stands at 330 species. It is apparent, 

however, that species known from 
neighboring states will eventually be found 
in Illinois. Furthermore, in the study of 
Illinois species, it was found that many 
records of these species were a great distance 
from any other previously known records. 
Hence, it was thought advisable to include 
in the keys other species and varieties known 
from the entire general region in which IIli- 
nois is situated. One hundred ten extra- 
limital species were, therefore, included, 
bringing the total number treated in this 
report to 440 species. It seems highly prob- 
able that from two-thirds to three-fourths 
of these extralimital species will eventually 
be found in this state, which would bring the 
list of Illinois Miridae to about 400 species. 

In the list of insects for New York 
(Leonard 1928),+ I recorded 296 species of 
Miridae, but since publication of this list 
additional records have raised the total to 
316. A list of Miridae for the District of 
Columbia and vicinity (Knight & McAtee 
1929) records 200 species of Miridae within 
a 25-mile radius of Washington, D. C. The 
state of Illinois, which includes within its 
borders the cypress swamps about Cairo and 
the northern tamarack bogs bordering Wis- 
consin, represents an ecological range scarce- 
ly exceeded by any other state east of the 
Mississippi River. This range undoubtedly 
accounts for the large list of Miridae. 

In number of species, the Miridae far 
exceed other families of Hemiptera. In the 
Palearctic region, where the total number 
of Hemiptera is best known, the “Oshanin 
Katalog” (Oshanin 1910) enumerates 1,078 


*Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa; Assistant Ento- 
mologist, Illinois Natural History Survey, during sum- 
mers of 1930, 1932, 1933, 1937. 

TMiridae, Isometopidae (Knight 1923), pp. 110-35. 


species for the family Miridae and but 2,486 
species for all other families of Hemiptera 
combined. In North America, north of 
Mexico, approximately 1,500 species of 
Miridae are known; of other families of 
Hemiptera, about 2,500 species. 

Because of the fragile nature of the 
pubescence and appendages of the mirids, 
special attention had to be given to their col- 
lection. The collecting party, consisting of 
two or three members, equipped with nets, 
bottles, pinning and mounting accessories, 
and desk lamps, was usually in the field for 
periods of 10 days to 2 weeks. Each day, 
collecting was discontinued at about 4 P.Mo., 
and headquarters were set up for work in a 
hotel room where the day’s catch was pinned 
to prevent unmounted insects from being 
battered in transit. 

The collecting party used sweeping nets, 
each having a ring 15 inches in diameter and 
a bag of bolter’s silk. These were found 
ideal for mirids, since they excluded so little 
light from the bottom part of the net that 
the mirids did not swarm too rapidly to the 
top. Test-tube cyanide bottles about 6 inches 
long were used, with the cyanide in the 
bottom; the diameter of the tube was as 
large as could be stoppered by the operator’s 
thumb. In each tube were a few loose 
strands of cellucotton. The bugs were 
“nicked” off the sides of the nets into the 
bottle, which could be conveniently stopperee 
by the thumb until emptied. 

With this group, care must be taken to 
have only a small number of individuals in 
each bottle at one time; otherwise consider- 
able pubescense is rubbed off. After the 
specimens are dead, they may be transferred 
to pill boxes or other temporary containers. 
If mirids are left in the cyanide bottle too 
long, some of the yellow and orange colors 
change to deeper tones, sometimes to red. 


[1] 


Lee) 


As mirids are much easier to handle 
before they have dried out than after, each 
day’s catch was pinned up the following night 
to insure the best possible specimens. All 
mirids were mounted on card points with 
a crimp and in such a way that the crimp 


I_ttinois NatTurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Arid 


was glued to the side of the mesothorax 
and not to the legs only. The mounted 
specimens were then pinned in Schmidt boxes 
for traveling and taken back to the labora- 
tory at Urbana, where they were labeled 
and later identified. 


Biology 


The eggs of most mirids hatch early in 
the season when the host plants are making 
tender new growth. It is worthy of note 
that in the case of species known to produce 


PAAR VEAL EAI TA LS 


eo 


Fig. 1—Lygus oblineatus, A, egg, front and 
lateral view; B, fifth instar nymph. 


a second generation the host plant is one 
which produces succulent growth during the 
summer season. ‘Thus, the tiny young 
nymphs find the maximum amount of sap 
for food which is essential for plant feeders. 
Mirid eggs, fig. 14, are elongate, slightly 
curved or bean shaped, with a cap and micro- 
pyle on the end pointing to the outside of 
the plant substance where embedded. 


Life Cycle 


Mirid nymphs pass through five instars 
or stages of development and at the fifth 
molt attain sexual maturity and, except in 
special cases where the adults are wingless, 
a set of wings. The time required for 


nymphal development varies with different 
species, but many of them are known to re- 
quire 20 to 30 days. Beginning with the third 
nymphal instar the development of wing 
pads may be observed. During the fourth 
instar the wing pads are clearly evident, 
while in the fifth instar, fig. 1B, the wing 
pads usually extend back to the middle of 
the abdomen. Many mirid species have been 
observed to possess during nymphal develop- 
ment the curious habit or ability of protrud- 
ing a posterior portion of the rectum; when 
a nymph is dislodged and falls from a branch 
or leaf to the foliage below, the rectum is 
protruded, and, being provided with sticky 
material, acts as an adhesion disk upon strik- 
ing foliage of the limbs below. The nymph 
then scrambles for a foothold, pulls the 
adhesion disk free, retracts the rectum and 
runs for cover among the leaves. Thus the 
eversible rectal disk saves many falling 
nymphs from losing contact with the host 
plant. 

The adult females may mate within 2 or 
3 days after emergence but do not start 
laying eggs until a week or 10 days later. 
The males are generally the first to mature, 
but they do not live so long as the females. 

I have described (1915) in detail the ovi- 
position work of four mirid species but here 
recount only selected parts. Observations 
on Heterocordylus malinus Reuter were 
made on crabapple and cultivated apple in 
western New York. Females that matured 
June 12 were observed to oviposit on June 
21. On the morning of June 23, four differ- 
ent females were observed while ovipositing. 

When a female is ready to oviposit she 
moves up and down the branch, patting the 
surface with antennae and touching the bark 
here and there with the tip of the proboscis. 
In this manner one spent 6 minutes search- 
ing for a place to oviposit. Another indi- 
vidual required 15 minutes before she found 
a suitable place. The female-begins to drill 
the hole by means of the proboscis, and this 
operation may require from 5 to 18 minutes 
before the hole is ready for the insertion of 


September, 1941 


the ovipositor. After drilling the hole with 
the beak, the female arches the abdomen, 
stands as high as possible, then unsheaths 
the ovipositor and thrusts it forward to 
locate the place prepared. She turns her 
head under with the tip of the proboscis in 
the hole to help guide the ovipositor. One 
female was observed to make seven attempts 
before inserting the ovipositor. Most indi- 
viduals make two or three attempts before 
succeeding. After each failure, the female 
inspects the hole and works upon it for a 
time with her beak. Once insertion of the 
Ovipositor is started, the female works the 
abdomen up and down with a rapid, jerky 
motion until the ovipositor is inserted to its 
base. An alternate contraction and expan- 
sion of the abdomen then occurs while the 
egg is being worked down into position. 
This operation requires about 2 or 3 min- 
utes. The female then withdraws the ovi- 
positor and rests for 3 to 5 minutes before 
inserting the second egg. After this interval, 
she again locates the hole by means of anten- 
nae and beak and then repeats the operation 
of inserting the ovipositor. In some cases 
only one egg is laid in a place, but two eggs 
appear to be the normal number for this 
species. 

The number of eggs laid varies with the 
individual from day to day. One female was 
observed to oviposit in six different places 
between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 o’clock noon. 
This same female was observed to oviposit 
daily from June 23 to 27, but died on June 
28. 

The apple redbug, Lygidea mendax Reu- 
ter, breeds on hawthorn and apple; it ma- 
tures a week to 10 days later than Hetero- 
cordylus malinus. In 1914, at Batavia, New 
York, the majority of females matured 
about June 20. Several females were 
watched closely but no eggs were obtained 
until July 8. When ready to lay, the female 
moves about over the twigs, searching for 
lenticels on wood of the previous year’s 
growth. She drills the lenticel by means of 
the proboscis. One female required 10 min- 
utes for this operation. She failed in three 
attempts to insert the ovipositor but on the 
fourth she succeeded. She took 214 minutes 
to lay the egg. After an interval of 4 min- 
utes, she returned to the hole and upon the 
second trial inserted the ovipositor and laid 
an egg. She then sealed the wound by means 
of the proboscis. The lenticels are normally 
light colored but, after being injured by the 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 3 


process of oviposition, they appear reddish 
brown. The eggs are placed in the cambium 
at such an angle that the lower ends rest on 
solid wood and their tips are 1.5 mm. apart. 
Females of this species were observed ovi- 
positing on trees in an orchard as late as 
July 18. 

The pear plant bug, Neolygus communis 
Knight, oviposits in the cambium of pear 
twigs. The actions of the female are very 
similar to those of the species described 


Fig. 2.—Egg of Paracalocoris colon, shown 
in cross section of new growth of apple bark. 
Adapted from Knight (1915). 


above. Examination of one oviposition point 
revealed that six eggs had been laid in 
space 1.0 mm. long. The eggs were closely 
packed in a double row lying flat just within 
the cambium layer. Eggs measured were 
1.05 mm. in length by 0.26 mm. wide. 

An apple mirid, Paracalocoris pallidulus 
McAtee, was found to lay eggs only where 
dead wood was available. Females that 
were caged on limbs free from scars and 
dead stubs did not oviposit. Four females 
were observed to lay when placed on branch- 
es having dead stubs. Five eggs were placed 
around the margin of one stub, a new hole 
being made for each egg. The egg of this 
mirid differs from those of several species 
at least in having a white cap with two 
keels that curve up and nearly meet over the 
top of the egg, fig. 2. The egg cap projects 
from the cavity as shown in the figure but 
is not conspicuous because of the uneven 
character of the rough bark and surrounding 
wood. Eggs laid in July remain until the 
following spring before hatching. 

A majority of mirid species produce only 
one generation per year, but a few have been 


pe) 


4 ILtLINo1s NATURAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


tound to produce two or more generations 
in one season. 

Lygus oblineatus (Say) may produce two 
or three generations in one season; Halticus 
bracteatus (Say) breeds continuously during 
the warm season and is credited with five 
generations in South Carolina. Adelphocoris 
lineolatus (Goeze) rears two generations in 
a season on alfalfa and sweet clover. Neobo- 
rus amoenus (Reuter) rears two genera- 
tions in one summer on white ash. The 
cotton flea hopper, Psallus — seriatus 
(Reuter), breeds continuously as long as the 
succulent host plants remain green. 


Hibernation 


A majority of mirid species pass the 
winter in the egg stage. Usually the eggs 
are embedded in some part of the host plant. 
In the hop mirid, Paracalocoris hawleyt 
Knight, the female bugs embed their eggs in 
the poles used for support of the host vines. 
The writer observed several females of 
Neolygus johnsoni Knight laying eggs in the 
soft, punky stubs formed by the breaking off 
of old dead limbs on the host tree, hornbeam 
(Carpinus caroliniana). Many species, such 
as Lopidea davisi Knight, Labopidea allii 
Knight and Adelphocoris lineolatus, lay eggs 
in stems or leaves of herbaceous plants and 
pass the winter in the dry stems. The apple 
redbug, Lygidea mendax, Heterocordylus 
malinus and Neolygus communis place eggs 
in the living cambium on branches of the 
host tree where they pass the winter. 

Mirid eggs, fig. 2, have a relatively im- 
pervious chorion which permits them to 
remain viable for several months, although 
embedded in material which is almost com- 
pletely desiccated. 

Relatively few species hibernate as adults. 
Stenodema vicinum (Provancher) and S. 
trispinosum Reuter are known to do so and 
no doubt other members of the genus do 
likewise. Adults of Lygus oblineatus, L. 
vanduzeei Knight, L. plagiatus Uhler, L. 
pabulinus (Linnaeus), L. campestris (Lin- 
naeus) and L. rubicundus (Fallen) have all 
been taken in hibernation, and it seems a 
characteristic of the genus to overwinter in 
the adult stage. Species of the subgenus 
Camptobrochis of Deraeocoris hibernate as 
adults, so far as known, with D. nebulosus 
(Uhler), D. poecilus McAtee, D. histrio 
(Reuter), D. nubilus Knight frequently 
taken in winter. Here again hibernation ap- 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


pears to be a group characteristic. Dicyphus 
vestitus Uhler and D. discrepans Knight 
also have been taken in hibernation. 


Feeding Habits 


Probably a majority of the species of 
Miridae are plant feeders, but a large num- 
ber are now known to be chiefly predacious. 
The predacious habit is only partially devel- 
oped in certain species and thus insect blood 
serves merely to supplement the sap ob- 
tained from particular food plants. In the 
genus Deraeocoris the different species ap- 
pear to be chiefly predacious; D. aphidi- 
phagus Knight feeds on the elm aphid, 
Eriosoma americanum Riley, and its honey- 
dew; D. nitenatus Knight feeds on the 
woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum 
(Hausmann); D. pinicola Knight feeds on 
Chermes pinicorticis (Fitch). It seems high- 
ly probable that most members of the sub- 
family Cylapinae are predacious or myce- 
tophagous; namely, species of Fulvius and 
Peritropis and Cylapus tenuicornis Say; 
known species of these genera are normally 
found about dead trees, hiding in crevices 
of the bark on logs and stumps. In the large 
genus Phytocoris, several species are known 
to be predacious, particularly the dark- 
colored, bark-inhabiting ones. Fulton (1918, 
pp. 93-6) demonstrated that Pilophorus per- 
plexus Douglas & Scott feeds freely on apple 
aphids, three nymphs having reduced a 
colony of 50 aphids to 6 within 2 days. 

Among the plant feeders, probably the 
greater number of species are limited to a 
single host, or to a genus of plants, while 
a very few, such as Lygus oblineatus and 
Halticus bracteatus have a wide range of 
food plants. Even among species which 
always breed ona single host plant, a general 
dispersal of individuals usually takes place. 
Following the time of emergence and mat- 
ing, individuals of Tropidosteptes cardinalis 
Uhler, Lopidea staphyleae Knight and others 
have been observed to migrate from their 
host plant to shrubbery in the general vicin- 
ity; thence they doubtless become dispersed 
over wider territory and to new plants, 
although, in the normal course of their life, 
they eventually return to suitable growth 
of the preferred host plant for the purpose 
of oviposition. : 

Since a majority of species of. Miridae are 
definitely limited to a single species of plants 
or at least a genus of plants, we may expect 


September, 1941 


the distribution of the bugs to be limited to 
areas where the host species grow. No doubt 
in times of migration and when buffeted by 
strong winds, many individual bugs may be 
carried far from their normal host and hence 
perish without successful reproduction. It 
appears that several species of Miridae are 
so restricted by ecological factors that their 
distribution is more limited than the host 
upon which they live. This is certainly true 
of the apple redbug, Lygidea mendax, which 
normally breeds on species of Crataegus; 
but the Crataegus grows far south and west 
of the areas where L. mendax can be found. 

While making a close study of Lygidea 
mendax the author noted that the bugs were 
never found on isolated trees exposed on 
high ground where the sun was hot and the 
atmosphere very dry. The bugs seemed to 
thrive only in valley areas where the humid- 
ity rarely dropped to desiccating levels. The 
nymph of L. mendax is very delicate, the 
body wall evidently only thinly chitinized; 
so it can live only where the humidity is high 
enough to prevent desiccation. The writer 
believes that the southward distribution of 
this species is limited chiefly by the high 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAe, or ILLINOIS 5 


temperatures and desiccating atmosphere 
frequently encountered west of the Missis- 
sippi and south of the Ohio rivers. It seems 
likely that other Miridae of the Boreal 
region may have their southern distribution 
limited for the same reasons. 

In contrast to the above, we may take 
another species, Heterocordylus malinus, of 
which the favorite wild host is Crataegus. 
This insect is more widely distributed than 
Lygidea mendax, for it is frequently found 
on Crataegus in Texas and Mississippi, 
apparently able to live wherever the host 
plants thrive. If we examine nymphs of H. 
malinus we find the body wall is more 
heavily chitinized than in L. mendax. The 
nymphs are not subject to fatal desiccation 
when the leaves of the host plant wilt under 
the heat of a hot, dry day. Some years ago 
the writer reared in breeding cages many 
nymphs of both species, and at that time 
first observed the more delicate nature of 
L. mendax. When both species are kept in 
cages on host plant foliage, and the host 
leaves are allowed to dry out, L. mendax 
will die immediately whereas H. malinus 
will live for several hours. 


Distribution and Habitat Preference* 


In Illinois the distribution patterns of the 
Miridae are linked primarily with those of 
their plant host species. Other factors also 
play a very important part in determining 
mirid distribution patterns, but the influence 
of these is not always obvious from a study 
of such a limited area as one state. The 
greater part of the uncultivated areas of 
Illinois is covered with either oak-hickory 
forests or prairie and the various types of 
community which lead up to them. There 
are certain restricted areas, however, in 
which we find mirid hosts found nowhere 
else in Illinois. These are the result of the 
rather axial geographic position of Illinois. 
This state is a long, narrow area, the north- 
ern end just bordering some of the conifer- 
ous communities which are common in Wis- 
consin and its southern end extending slightly 
into conditions typical of the southern states. 
In respect to east and west, Illinois is the 
mingling ground of the eastern deciduous 
forests and the western grasslands, with here 
and there an invasion of typical western 


*This section is the work of Herbert H. Ross, Sys- 
tematic Entomologist, Illinois Natural History Survey. 


plants in some of the sand areas. Small 
areas of peculiar interest are marked on the 
accompanying maps. 


Mirids in Restricted Areas 


The tamarack bogs, fig. 3E, are remnants 
of the glacial bogs. In Illinois they are 
restricted to the small area in the vicinity 
of Volo and Antioch in the extreme north- 
eastern portion of the state. They have been 
encroached upon by agriculture to a con- 
siderable extent, but a few remain which 
have preserved their flora and fauna prac- 
tically intact. These bogs, fig. 4, are the 
only place in this state where occurs native 
tamarack, Larix laricina, which is the exclu- 
sive host of the following plant bugs in this 
state: Deraeocoris laricicola Knight, Piloph- 
orus uhleri Knight, Plagiognathus larici- 
cola Knight. These species do not feed on 
other species of larch used for ornamental 
planting in various localities, so that our 
records for the larch mirids are confined to 
the northern bogs, fig. 5. 

Along the shore of Lake Michigan, north 
of Waukegan, is a narrow sand area, fig. 


6 Ittinoris NATuRAL History SurvEY BULLETIN Vol. 22, Art. 1 


3F, which combines a great variety of grass, syrticola, restricted in Illinois to this area. 
sedge, herb and shrub species, many of them White Pines Forest State Park, fig. 3B, 
found nowhere else in the state. This area in Ogle County, contains an area of white 
offers excellent collecting for some of the pine forest which is the only large stand of 
rarer species of the Miridae. It combines this tree in Illinois, fig. 8. Scattered speci- 
grass, sedge and herb communities, fig. 6, mens of the white pine occur in Starved 
and open woods with luxuriant herbaceous Rock State Park, fig. 3C. Restricted to 
undergrowth, fig. 7. One of our most inter- white pine are four mirid species taken in 
esting captures was Plagiognathus syrticolae this state: Deraeocoris pinicola Knight, 
Knight on the sand-loving willow, Salix which we have taken only at White Pines 


A. THe Jo Daviess 
HILLS ARE RICH IN 

HERB, SHRUB AND TREE VS 
SPECIES THAT HARBOR SS 
MANY MIRIDAE 


mes. IN THIS LAKE 
+9 43:98.) AND MARSH REGION 
="\\ OCCUR TAMARACK 


B. IN THE WHITE PINES 


BOGS WITH THEIR 
= pgh ee \ DISTINCTIVE 
4 a ( MiRIDAE 
Forest STATE Park, oom )F. THE SAND 
CONTAINING THE ONLY A REGION 
LARGE STAND OF, — NEAR BEACH, 
VIRGIN WHITE EXTENDING 
PINE IN Cee ag | FROM WAUKEGAN 
ARE FOUND a 3 Ee TO WISCONSIN, 


MIRIDAE ees ccs HARBORS MANY 
RESTRICTED TO ae WOODFORD 


RARE SPECIES 
THIS TREE 


oF MirRIDAE 
Cc St ARVED MSDONOUGH 
R OCK By VERMILION 
: ue | iy aes sean 
RK 


G. LOCALIZED, 
DENSELY WOODED 
GLENS IN THESE 
AREAS HAVE 
YIELDED MANY 
RARE MIRIDAE 


DOUGLAS 

ae Ay 
PLANTS 

UNUSUAL IN —— 

ILLINOIS, WITH 


MIRIDAE PECULIAR 
TO THEM 


eee WAYNE 
a bee u 


RANDOLPH | PERRY HAMILTO) 
FRANKLIN 
YACKSON 


D. IN CYPRESS SWAMPS, NOW 

MOSTLY CLEARED, ARE MIRIDAE 
AND OTHER INSECTS TYPICAL OF 
THE SOUTHERN STATES 


H. THE OZARK HILLS 

ABOUND IN CHOICE 

COLLECTING SPOTS 
FOR MIRIDAE 


Fig. 3.— Map of Illinois showing mirid habitats of unusual interest. 


September, 1941 KnicHtT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaez, oF ILLINOIS il 


Fig. 4.—(Above.) Tamarack bog at Volo, Ill. 
Tamarack is the sole host of three Miridae found 
in Illinois. 


Fig. 5.—(Right.) Map showing the distribu- 
tion in Illinois of Pilophorus uhleri. This spe- 
cies is confined to tamarack, in Illinois found 
only in the northeastern corner of the state. 


Forest State Park; Deraeocoris nubilus 
Knight and Phytocoris diversus Knight, 
which have been taken at both White Pines 
Forest State Park and Starved Rock State 
Park; and Pilophorus strobicola Knight, 
which is found not only on these natural 
stands but also on ornamental white pines 
throughout the state. 

In the extreme southern tip of the state 
are several fine examples of cypress swamps, 
fig. 3D. Originally cypress swamps covered 
an extensive area in Alexander, Pulaski and 
Massac counties, but most of this has been 
cut over, drained and put into cultivation. 
There remain, however, one or two cypress 
areas which have retained their natural 
biota, such as at Horseshoe Lake, fig. 9. 
Cypress in Illinois has yielded the following 
records of Mliridae: Pilophorus taxodii 
Knight, Parthenicus taxodii Knight, Ortho- 
tylus taxodii Knight, Ceratocapsus taxodii 
Knight, Phytocoris taxodii Knight. All these 
species are restricted to cypress and have 


@ Disrrisu ee 


RECORDS OF 
PILOPHORUS 
UHLERI 


N 


WHITESIDE Tre 


MENRY 


PEORIA 


MSDONOUGH 
| SANGAMON 


BOND 


oe 


DISTRIBUTION OF 
TAMARACK, LAR/X 
LARICINA 


CLINTON 


KAMKAREE 


c<—_ 


8 ILLINOIS NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 227 Agee 


Fig. 6.—Sand prairie vegetation at Beach, IIl., growing on the beaches left by receding Lake 
Michigan. Note the luxuriant growth of grass and herbs. 


been taken in Illinois only in the extreme 
southern tip, fig. 10. 


Forest Mirids 


Species of deciduous forest trees, especial- 
ly ash, oak, hickory and members of the 


birch family, serve as host for a wide variety 
of Miridae the distribution of which in gen- 
eral follows that of our forested areas. 

A decided peculiarity of the tree-inhabit- 
ing Miridae is their preference for forest- 
edge conditions. A given species will gener- 
ally be taken in abundance on only those host 


she 


if 
s 
& 


< 


z 


4 


Fig. 7.—Older beaches of the sand prairie area near Zion, Ill. Here the forest-edge conditions, 


with luxuriant vegetation, offer an ideal habitat for many species of Miridae. 


formerly one of bare, shifting sand. 


This area was 


September, 1941 KnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miriae, oF ILLINOIS 9 


Fig. 8.—Edge of the white pine forest at White Pines Forest State Park, Ill. Four species of 
Miridae are restricted to white pine, three of them to native stands. 


Fig. 9.—Cypress along the shore of Horseshoe Lake, northwest of Cairo, Ill. Five species of 
Illinois Miridae feed only on cypress trees. Another species, Phytocoris erectus, has been collected 
in this state on cypress, but is known to feed not on this tree but on various other, soft-bodied 
Insects that feed on the cypress. 


10 Itutrnois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


woe es 


CLARA 


CUMBERL'D 


RECORDS OF 
CERATOCAPSUS 


TAXODI/ N ‘% 
KS Dis reveurtion oF a 


CYPRESS, TAXODIUM 
AS 


DISTICHUM 


Fig. 10.—Outline map of Illinois showing the 
distribution of Ceratocapsus taxodii and its 
exclusive host, cypress. 


individuals that are at the edge of a clearing, 
right at the edge of a woods or isolated in 
the surrounding herbaceous growth. This 
condition has been found true especially of 
the species infesting oak and ash. Sweeping 
in dense woods seldom netted many speci- 
mens, but that at odd trees at the edge of 
the woods frequently resulted in the collec- 
tion of great numbers of the bugs. This be- 
havior characteristic probably explains why 
Miridae sometimes become very abundant in 
street and ornamental plantings of such trees 
as ash. 

Certain forest Miridae are exceptions to 
this general habit. One of our best examples 
is Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley, which 
feeds on the herb Polymnia canadensis; this 
bug inhabits deep, shady woods, to which its 
host is also confined. 

We have found collecting of mirids infest- 
ing trees and shrubs especially profitable in 
the Jo Daviess hills, fig. 34, in extreme 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


northwestern Illinois, and in the Ozark hills, 
fig. 3H, in extreme southern Illinois. The 
Jo Daviess hills are forested and rolling, 
contain species of Crataegus not found far- 
ther south and support a flora more varied 
in nature than most other II]linois areas. 

The Ozark hills of southern Illinois are a 
continuation of the Ozarkian uplift of Okla- 
homa, Arkansas and Missouri, and have 
many species of trees, shrubs and herbs that 
are much more luxuriant there than in other 
Illinois areas. These species include such 
forms as alder, red cedar and cane. 

Wooded glens especially profitable for 
mirid collecting occur in several places near 
the eastern border of the state, fig. 3G. 


Grass and Marsh Mirids 


Certain groups of Miridae, notably the 
subfamily Mirinae, feed on grasses and some 
of the sedges and rushes. Some of these 


Wad Gof 


SS xy 


U fges 
a Vy Yi 
tcowes or “Salm 
LYGUS OBLINEATUS \ Zia eg ar) 


DISTRIBUTION OF oF ae 


HosTs OF Lycus 
OBLINEATUS 


Fig. 11—Map of Illinois showing distri- 
bution of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus 
oblineatus, which feeds on a wide variety of 
plants. 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MirIDAE, OF ILLINOIS 11 


Fig. 12.—Forest edge near Charleston, Ill. Places such as this, with a large variety of trees 
and shrubs growing near the forest edge, offer good collecting for many species of Miridae. 


Fig. 13—Meadows and rolling hills near Herod, Ill. Fencerows, forest edge and meadows 
combine in many localities in the Ozark hills to give excellent mirid collecting. Several species, 
such as Plagiognathus gleditsiae and Lepidopsallus nyssae, known previously only from Gulf Coast 
states, have been collected in the Illinois Ozarks. Other species, typically northern in distribu- 
tion, have been collected in this state only in the Ozark hills. 


12 Ittino1s NAaTurRAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


species, such as Miris dolabratus (Lin- 
naeus) are widely distributed and feed only 
on grasses. The range of such species ex- 
tends over most of the state. 

Other plant bugs of this subfamily feed 
on sedges and rushes, as for example, Mimo- 
ceps insignis Uhler and Teratocoris discolor 
Uhler, and these are restricted to such local 
areas as have marsh conditions. 

In the bog region of northeastern Illinois, 
we have many marshes which are excellent 
collecting grounds for these mirids. While 
these mirids are not restricted to this region, 
they are found there more frequently and in 
greater abundance than in other localities 
of the state. The sand area along the shore 
of Lake Michigan combines a great variety 
of grass, sedge and rush species, and offers 
excellent collecting for some of the rarer 
Mirinae. 


Widely Distributed Species 


A number of favorite plant bug hosts 
grow in almost every locality in Illinois, and 
include such familiar forms as ragweeds, 
cocklebur, willows and some of the grasses. 
In this category are a large number of 


weeds, herbs and shrubs. Many of the Mir- 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


idae feeding on these hosts have an equally 
wide distribution: Lygus oblineatus (Say), 
feeding on a great variety of herbs and 
shrubs; Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 
feeding on the cut-leaf ragweeds (Ambrosia 
spp.); Ilnacora stalii Reuter, feeding on 
cocklebur; and many others. The distribu- 
tion map of L. oblineatus, fig. 11, shows the 
wide distribution of this species and serves 
as a check map for comparing the distribu- 
tion of other Miridae. 


Collecting Notes 


It will be seen from the above that the 
Miridae inhabit practically all the plant 


communities in Illinois, showing a preference 


for areas that are borderline between prairie 
and forest, and that are in the developmental 
stages approaching the climax forest. 
Profitable collecting for a large variety 
of plant bug species may therefore be found 
in the forest edge around clearings, fig. 12, 
or in country with fields, fencerows and 
woods intermingled, fig. 13. A second equal- 
ly profitable type of area is that along small 
streams where a floodplain forest is grow- 
ing. In both types of situation, many host 
species are concentrated in a small area. 


Economic Status and Control* 


The past 25 years have witnessed a decid- 
ed increase in the number of Miridae that 
are recognized as economic pests. These are 
sucking insects which pierce plant tissues and 
feed on cell liquids, fig. 14. 

One of the Miridae of greatest economic 
importance in IIlinois is the tarnished plant 
bug, Lygus oblineatus (Say). This insect 
causes serious damage to the peach crop. 
The adult insects hibernate in the fall and 
leave their winter quarters early in the 
spring. They feed on the newly set peaches 
just at the time when the peach petals have 
fallen, and they are responsible for the 
blemish commonly known as catfacing, fig. 
15. The area surrounding each feeding 
puncture in the side of the peach grows very 
little, and on it ordinary peach fuzz does not 
develop. The result is that when the peach 
is ripe there is a bare, sunken area, some- 
times as much as a half inch across, in the 


_*W. P. Flint, Chief Entomologist, Illinois Natural 
History Survey and Agricultural Experiment Station, 
cooperated in writing this section, supplementing it with 
his knowledge of economic insect control methods in IIli- 
nois over a long period of years. 


side of the peach. Although these blemishes 
do not affect the quality of the peach very 
much, they throw the fruit out of grade. In 
certain years as much as 7 to 8 per cent of 
all peach fruit in an orchard is affected. 

Dusting with very fine sulfur at the time 
petals are falling has shown some benefits 
in peach orchards. 

This insect also feeds on the new shoots 
of nursery stock, causing what is called 
“stopback” or “dieback.” It injures a num- 
ber of fruits by feeding on the buds. The 
feeding punctures of this species may cause 
malformation in the flowering buds of asters 
and strawberries. In orchards the insect may 
attack the buds and young fruits of apples 
and peaches. It also feeds on beet, chard, 
celery, bean, potato, cabbage, cauliflower, 
turnip, salsify, cucumber, cotton, tobacco, 
alfalfa, many flowering plants, and most 
deciduous and small fruits—more than 50 
economic plants, besides many weeds and 
grasses. 

The tarnished plant bug is such a general 
feeder and so widely distributed, and is at 


September, 1941 


the same time such an active insect, that no 
satisfactory method of control has been de- 
veloped. 

The garden flea hopper, Halticus bracte- 
atus (Say), is a pest of considerable impor- 
tance on white clover and other leguminous 
crops in Illinois. In Missouri, it sometimes 
destroys garden bean crops completely. In 
South Carolina and neighboring states this 
tiny bug occasionally destroys 50 to 60 per 
cent of the alfalfa crop. 

The cotton flea hopper, Psallus seriatus 
(Reuter), is a serious pest of cotton, more 
important in Texas, Oklahoma, Georgia and 
South Carolina than in Illinois. In some 
years it is reported as causing greater losses 
than the boll weevil. Both nymphs and 
adults of this flea hopper feed on the tiny 
flower buds of cotton, causing them to drop; 
the feeding habits of the bugs may also cause 
the plant to grow tall and spindly, resulting 
in a light set of cotton squares. This insect 
may be controlled in cotton fields by fine 
sulfur dusts. Almost complete freedom from 
damage may be obtained by the use of these 
materials. The abundance of this insect is 
dependent on certain ecological factors, par- 
ticularly any condition that favors abundant 
growth of the wild hosts, the various species 
of Croton. 

The apple redbug, Lygidea mendax Reu- 
ter, a potential pest of apples in Illinois, 
has not yet been found in this state. In 
parts of the East it is very abundant. Its 
feeding causes dents or dimples in the apple, 
and areas of hardened tissue which throw 
the fruit out of grade. It also damages the 
apple crop by feeding on small fruit, causing 
excessive shedding of the apples, with scars 
and malformed fruit if growth continues. 
Some infested orchards have had at picking 
time 25 to 30 per cent of the fruits culled 
out as a result of malformations caused by 
the redbug. 

This species is easily controlled by adding 
nicotine sulfate to the pink bud spray or by 
nicotine dusts, since the nymphs are delicate 
and very sensitive to these materials, but in 
Illinois it is not now necessary to put on an 
application for their control. 

The four-lined plant bug, Poecilocapsus 
lineatus (Fabricius), attacks many cultivat- 
ed plants, such as currant, gooseberry, pars- 
nip, mint and some other truck crops, as well 
as dahlia and rose. In Illinois, it fluctuates 
greatly in abundance. In certain years it 
pays to apply a nicotine dust for its control. 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaez, or ILLINoIs 13 


The bright red nymphs puncture leaves 
and tender shoots, sucking sap; every punc- 
ture produces a reddish spot, the leaves 
curling as the growth of the plant is checked. 

The pear plant bug, Neolygus communis 
Knight, may leave its natural host, dogwood 
(Cornus sp.), and colonize on pear trees. 
The nymphs feed on the small pears, causing 


14.— Mirid White spots on 


injury. 
leaves of ash (Fraxinus sp.) are feeding punc- 
tures of plant bugs, in this case Neoborus amoe- 


Fig. 


nus. This type of injury is typical of most 
mirid feeding. 


14 Ittrnots Naturat History SurvEY BULLETIN 


knotty, malformed fruit. Although the Illi- 
nois pear crop is not of great commercial 
importance, the insect causes an appreciable 
amount of damage. As is the case with the 


Vol. 22;nanied 


tance on cultivated onions in Illinois, but 
in other states it often becomes so abundant 
on Bermuda onions that the plants are killed 
before growth is completed. It is very com- 


Fig. 15.—Mirid injury. 


of injury by plant bugs is common in various 


Fig. 16.—Mirid injury. 
althaeae and Halticus bracteatus. 


of green coloring matter, caused by feeding of these bugs 
grasses, onions, phlox, clover and other plants by 


tarnished plant bug, no really satisfactory 
method of control under Illinois conditions 
has been developed. 

Brittain (1917) describes serious injury 
to apples in Nova Scotia by the green apple 
bug, Neolygus communis var. novascotien- 
sis Knight. 

The onion plant bug, Labopidea allu 
Knight, is not usually of any great impor- 


Catfacing of peaches caused by Lygus oblineatus. A similar type 
fruits in Illinois. 


Extreme injury to hollyhock foliage by the plant bugs Me/anotrichus 


Note in leaf at right almost complete etiolation or destruction 


Similar damage frequently occurs on 
various mirid species. 


mon on wild onions and wild garlic, but 
perhaps may be considered a beneficial insect 
in this respect rather than a plant pest. 

The phlox plant bug, Lopidea davisi 
Knight, breeds on wild phlox but is often 
found colonizing on cultivated phlox and 
causing serious injury to these ornamental 
plants. The bug can be controlled by the use 
of a nicotine spray or dust, or by pyrethrum 


September, 1941 


sprays or dusts. It is an insect that should 
be looked for every year. 

The hickory plant bug, Neolygus caryae 
Knight, may migrate from its natural host 
to peach trees, where the adults puncture 
and suck sap from the young fruit. It 
Causes some injury to peaches, which is simi- 
lar to that of the tarnished plant bug. Seri- 
ous damage by this insect has been reported 
from New York and Ohio. 

In several western states the legume bug, 
Lygus hesperus Knight, causes considerable 
loss in alfalfa seed due to puncturing and 
feeding by the bugs on the flower buds. The 
pale legume bug, L. elisus Van Duzee, does 
similar damage, but in most localities this 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Mirae, OF ILLINOIS 15 


species is outnumbered by L. hesperus. In 
the upper Mississippi River valley the 
alfalfa plant bug, dAdelphocoris lineolatus 
(Goeze), is extremely abundant on alfalfa 
and sweet clover and may prove to be a pest 
where these crops are grown for seed pro- 
duction. 

Other species of Miridae that are from 
time to time reported as pests are hop plant 
bug, Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, on hops; 
hollyhock plant bug, Melanotrichus althaeae 
(Hussey), fig. 16; meadow plant bug, Miris 
dolabratus (Linnaeus), on timothy and 
other grasses; and the rapid plant bug, 


Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), on cotton in the 
South. 


Taxonomy 


The Miridae are distinguished by four- 
segmented antennae, a four-segmented ros- 
trum of which the first segment is as long as 
or longer than the head, three-segmented 
tarsi (except Peritropis in which they are 
two-segmented), wing membrane with only 
two cells or areoles, one longitudinal vein 
(anal vein), a well-developed cuneus on the 
wing, and by absence of ocelli, fig. 17. The 
four-segmented antennae are usually slen- 
der, nearly linear or the second segment 
only slightly thickened apically, but in a few 
genera strongly thickened as in Capsus, 
Atractotomus and Teleorhinus; third and 
fourth segments usually slender but in some 
forms distinctly thickened as in Ceratocap- 
sus. The hemelytra are typically separated 
into clavus, corium, cuneus and membrane, 
the embolium usually not clearly separated 
from corium; veins of membrane forming 
two cells, a small and larger areole; how- 
ever, in a number of species the hemelytra 
may be abbreviated (brachypterous), the 
membrane almost absent or reduced to a 
narrow band with veins poorly indicated. 
Modifications of the arolia, the pulvillaelike 
structures between the tarsal claws, furnish 
the most reliable characters for separating 
the subfamilies. 

In general, the Miridae are small to 
medium in size, from 2.0 to 9.5 mm. in 
length, usually rather fragile, broader than 
high and longer than broad; as viewed from 
above, ovate to oblong, but in a few genera 
rather slender, as in Trigonotylus. The 
male is usually more slender than the fe- 
male. The body is variously clothed with 
fine hairs or pubescence, sometimes modified 


to form sericeous or scalelike hairs, which 
are easily shed; frequently the dorsum is 
practically glabrous and strongly shining. 
The numerous species exhibit the greatest 
variety of color patterns, ranging from the 
most obscure to forms that are vivid red. 
Color varieties within the species are fre- 
quent, and the two sexes are more often 
differently colored, the male usually darker 
colored than the female. 

Brachypterous and apterous forms occur 
throughout the family, and individuals of a 
single species may exhibit variation in this 
respect, as in Halticus bracteatus (Say) and 
Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus). Usually the 
male is macropterous even when the female 
is apterous, but in rare cases the male may 
be apterous. Ant mimic forms are rather 
numerous among the Miridae, especially in 
species of Coquillettia, Sericophanes and 
Pilophorus. In such forms the abdomen is 
constricted at the base while the head and 
thorax are so modified the resemblance to 
ants is unmistakable. The species of Seri- 
cophanes and Coquillettia are generally 
found upon the ground running about among 
ants, but the biological relationship, if any, 
has not been determined. In Iowa the writer 
has found Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius 
rather abundant on the ground among short 
grasses and weeds of closely cropped pasture 
land; the bugs running about where the little 
brown ants, Lasius niger alienus var. amert- 
canus Emory, were very abundant. At Fort 
Snelling, Minnesota, in an area of little 
disturbed, high, prairie vegetation, particu- 
larly among the shorter grasses, the writer 
found and collected a large series of Coquil- 


16 ILLINoIs NatTurAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN Vol. 22, Art. 1 


mesosculum 
calla - basglar scufellum : 
callum, plate PY spiracles 
. yf \ 


aN - t 
y, | genital Ji Gh ae 


Wi 

/ 

ne q KA femur Spee e fe ° 

: ie A Se vagina exlerior 

epipharynx' f ee hones gi 

ostiolar perilreme 
buccula rosfp 

Ur 


carina 5 Ii WOE 
collum 


1 


ver Tex 


1 
| 
i 
| 
| 
1 
or 
I 
1 
i 
I 


ostio le 
N 


fer = = 
: striclure \f } ie segment 
—— '\ 
; NB! y 


disk pronolum 


mesosculum We ft 
genital clasper 


__-embolium 
Seely val suture 
__claval vein 
__.commissure of hemelytra 


cee emboliar margin 
t radius 


oe) vein pseudarolia ees eS 
f “ 
__.anal ridge larglia 
f he sX {] N 


cunéus 


__anal vein 


| __brachium’ \ 
or Cubilus \ t\\ Sy 


\ Yor e 
‘small areole 


ie Ygqus vanduze ei ‘ 2 


VS 
\ 
\ 


[Hustratin Suck (lets i eS 
Agu i ene 


Fig. 17.—Lygus vanduzeei, showing typical mirid structures and illustrating structural terms. 


September, 1941 


lettia amoena (Uhler) from an area which 
abounded with the ant, Formica (Neofor- 
mica) pallide-fulva var. incerta Emory. The 
wingless females so resemble this ant in 
form and color that one must look rather 
closely to separate them. Mliridae of the 
above species of Sericophanes and Coquil- 
lettia are extremely agile and very rapid of 
movement, especially when they happen to 
meet face to face with ants. While they 
seem not to fear the ants, they appear to 
avoid close contact with them. 


Systematic Characters 


The most important character for sepa- 
ration of subfamilies is found in the struc- 
ture of the arolia, situated between and at 
the base of claws, fig. 17. In the subfamilies 
Phylinae and Deraeocorinae the arolia are 
represented by a pair of erect bristles that 
are difficult to see in the smaller species. 
The arolia are erect and well developed in 
the Orthotylinae, Mirinae and Capsinae; 
arolia converging at tips in Orthotylinae and 
diverging apically in the Mirinae and Cap- 
sinae. Pseudarolia are clear to white in 
color and occur on inner curvature of claw 
near base. The pseudarolia are found in 
the Phylinae but are larger and more prom- 
inent in the Dicyphinae and Bryocorinae. 

The form of the male genital segment is 
rather distinctive in the subfamily Phylinae; 
the genital claspers are relatively small, with 
tip of right clasper resting in a notch across 
the middle of the V-shaped left clasper; both 
oedagus and claspers are twisted somewhat 
to the left side. The author believes this 
particular form of genital segment is a fun- 
damental character of this subfamily. In 
other subfamilies the male genital segment 
often presents good characters for the sepa- 
ration of genera as well as species. Specific 
differences are more likely to be found in 
the male claspers, which are asymmetrical 
in form and differ among the species in many 
genera. It is fortunate that in several of the 
largest genera the numerous species may be 
identified by the form of the genital claspers, 
as in Phytocoris, Neolygus, Lopidea, Ortho- 
tylus, Ceratocapsus and Deraeocoris. On 
the other hand, in several sizable genera 
such as Paracalocoris, Neurocolpus and 
Neoborus the male genital claspers appear 
to be of little value for distinguishing species. 
Fortunately, in Paracalocoris and Neurocol- 
pus the length of antennal segments and 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 17 


form of pubescence offer very good charac- 
ters for separating species. Thus it appears 
that a particular set of characters may not 
have equal value throughout the family. 

Among the Miridae, pubescence often pro- 
vides useful characters; it varies from sim- 
ple, fine hairs, erect or recumbent, to silky, 
slightly curled pubescence, or even flattened, 
scalelike hairs. The scalelike pubescence 
found on several species of Phytocoris and 
in the genus Halticus is easily shed or lost; 
hence specimens should be collected and 
preserved with great care. 

The shape of the head and thorax is much 
used for generic characters; minor differ- 
ences may indicate species. The length of 
the rostrum may be of generic value but 
more frequently it differs among the species 
and may form good distinctions, as in Po- 
lymerus and Lygus. Vhe antennae are gen- 
erally linear in form with the last two seg- 
ments very slender. However, some genera 
may be separated by the exceptional form 
of the different segments; the second seg- 
ment is strongly thickened in Capsus, Atrac- 
totomus and Teleorhinus; the third and 
fourth segments are usually slender, but in 
some genera, as Ceratocapsus, they are dis- 
tinctly thickened. 


Phylogeny 


Nine subfamilies of Miridae are recog- 
nized from North America and all of them 
in the 


are found state of Illinois. The 
DICY PHINAE 

BRYOCORINAE 

CYLAPINAE 

CLIVINEMINAE 
DERAEOCORINAE 


ORTHOTYLINAE 


PHYLINAE 


Fig. 18.— Genealogical tree showing relation- 
ship of mirid subfamilies. 


phylogeny of these subfamilies does not pre- 
sent a linear series of development, but more 
of a progression upward in several direc- 
tions, which perhaps may best be represent- 
ed by a genealogical tree, fig. 18, to express 
the relationships within the family. These 
relationships are based on the following 
characters, which are listed in the order of 
their relative importance: (1) arolia, (2) 


18 I~tutino1s Natura. History Survey BULLETIN 


genital structures, (3) biology, (4) modifi- 
cations of the thorax. 

The position and height of the tree 
branches indicate the evolutionary relation- 
ships of the subfamilies, while the width of 
the branches indicates the relative number 
of species. For instance the Mirinae are 
highly developed structurally but very old 
and decadent in number of species; the 
genera and species are few in number but 
most of them are very widely distributed. 
The host plants of the Mirinae are con- 
fined to the grasses and sedges, families that 
are among the oldest and most widely dis- 
tributed plant groups. On the other hand 
the Capsinae are more recent in develop- 
ment, structurally more specialized with 
arolia and genital structures highly devel- 
oped; the species are very abundant, often 
limited in distribution, and for host plants 
utilize all the more recent plant families. 
Species of the subfamily Orthotylinae resem- 
ble the Phylinae most by absence of the 
thoracic collar, but the erect incurved arolia 
come nearest in form to the Capsinae; the 
genital claspers are highly modified and 
specialized. 


Present Holders of Material: Symbols 


If not otherwise noted the material listed 
in this paper belongs to the Illinois Natural 
History Survey. Material in the collections 
of other institutions or individuals is so 
designated by the use of the following sym- 
bols. 

FM—Field Museum of Natural History, 
Chicago, Ill. 

KC—Knight Collection, Iowa State Col- 
lege, Ames, Iowa. 

uI—University of Illinois, Urbana, III. 

USNM—United States National Museum, 
Washington, D. C. 


Measurements and Records 


Measurements given in this paper, e.g., 
“length 5.80, width 2.48,” are uniformly in 


Vol. 22, Arid 


millimeters. These are standard with other 
literature on insect taxonomy. 

In any previously described species in 
which more than 10 Illinois records are 
available, the places are listed and the dates 
summarized. 


Tarsal Claw Key Characters 


The student wishing to identify Miridae 
should acquaint himself with the structures 
of the tarsal claws. These claws are used 
in identifying most of our forms to sub- 
family and sometimes to genus. It is highly 
desirable that the student examine a selec- 
tion of different kinds of mirids to acquaint 
himself with the various conditions of the 
arolia and pseudarolia on the tarsal claws. 

The claws are best examined at high 
magnifications against a dark background. 
If possible, it is well to examine them with 
both compound microscope and stereoscopic 
binocular. 

The tarsal claws are situated at the 
extreme end of the third tarsal segment, 
fig. 23. The simplest type is shown in fig. 
24, which has a pair of hairlike arolia aris- 
ing from the area between the base of the 
claws. In some groups, these arolia are 
membranous and thickened; in such cases, 
they are either convergent at apex, fig. 25, 
or divergent at apex, fig. 26. These two 
membranous types are generaly readily visi- 
ble without any doubt as to their structure. 
In other groups are cushionlike or flaplike 
membranous areas called pseudarolia at- 
tached to the claw itself. These may be very 
small; they may be present in instances 
where the arolia are either hairlike or mem- 
branous. In Illinois species, they are never 
large if the arolia are membranous. Among 
the species in which the arolia are hairlike, 
these pseudarolia are often quite large. Fig. 
27 shows an example in which the pseu- 
darolia are large and joined to the claw over 
a large surface; figs. 28 and 29 illustrate an 
example in which the pseudarolia are flap- 
like and attached to the claw only at its base. 


ee a a 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MirIDAE, OF ILLINOIS 19 


KEY TO SUBFAMILIES 


1. Scutellum with a dorsal projection, Eyes not: stalked, figs. 20,193. 5, ...\... 4 
figs. 137, 181.................... 2 4. Eyes rising a considerable distance 
above dorsum of head; head deep, 
with a furrow down the meson and 
the ventral margin wide and trun- 

cate nhies 21) hea Cylapini, p. 61 
Eyes not rising appreciably above 

dorsum ot EAG. ners ncn ate in teoe 5 


CLAW 
HA/IR-L/IKE 
AROL/IUM 


— TARSUS 


MEMBRANOUS 
AROL/IUM 


PSEUDAROLI/A 
ABSENT 


23 


PSEUDAROLIA ABSENT 


| am 27 
: PSEUDAROLIA APPRESSED GaSe 
Fig. 19.—Head and body of Laseps hirtus. ee” 
Fig. 20.—Head and pronotum of Hespero- 


29 


phylum heidemanni showing dorsal view of 


antenna at left, anterior flat view at right. 2 PSEUD - 
Y AROLI/A 
Fig. 21.—Head of Cylapus tenuicornis: A, : FLAP- LIKE 
28 


lateral view; B, dorsal view. 


MIRID TARSAL CLAWS 


Fig. 23.—Monalocoris filicis. 
Fig. 24.— Largidea davisi. 

Fig. 25.—Diaphnidia pellucida. 
Fig. 26.— Pithanus maerkelii. 
Fig. 27.— Teleorhinus davisi. 
Fig. 28.— Dicyphus agilts. 

Fig. 29.— Dicyphus agilis. 


Fig. 22.—Head and pronotum of Semium 5. Pronotum as in fig. 22, with anterior 

hirtum: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. fourth membranous, remainder vel- 

vety and dark, with a pair of con- 

2. Pronotum with anterior half flat, pos- spicuous, narrow membranous areas 

terior half swollen, fig. 181 (Bar- near anterior margin of dark por- 

beriella, p. 209)... .Capsinae, p. 131 tion; pleural area separated from 

Pronotum with only anterior fifth flat, notum by a suture (Semium, p. 75) 
Pesterior foursuitns forming a high, 8 = woes ep ee Orthotylinae, p. 74 

swollen area, fig. 137 (Cyrtopeltocoris, Pronotum otherwise, without a pair of 

OM 2) aera Orthotylinae, p. 74 narrow, membranous areas on a vel- 

3. Eyes attached to a stalk formed by a vety area; seldom with a suture 
round lateral projection of head; separating pleural areas and notum. 6 

head very wide and short, fig. 19 6. Antennae with second segment bilater- 


> 3 Lied ee eteen Labopini, p. 81 ally compressed, foliaceous, nearly 


ie 


AD: 


Ittinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


three times as high as wide, and 
black; third and fourth segments 
very short, fig. 20 (Hesperophylum, 
Polo) Ree eee Deraeocorinae, p. 64 
Antennae with second segment cylin- 
drical or almost so, or third segment 
three-fourths as ioue as second, fig. 
QE SSG Sash ah SO aie er Sit a ence a 


Tarsal claws with only a pair of straight 
hairs between them, figs. 30-41, 
sometimes also with a small, incon- 
spicuous, membranous area appressed 
to inner margin of claw, figs. 38- 
7. areca, a ae Re a aOR ane 13 

Tarsal claws with a pair of prominent, 
whitish, membranous lobes between 
them; these lobes either curved and 
fingerlike, figs. 54-67, or flaplike, 
IRCA Aci get Sun Resa be er 8 

Tarsal claws with membranous lobes 
fingerlike and arising from between 
bases of claws (true arolia); these 
either divergent, figs. 63-67, or con- 
vergent, figs. 54-62, at apex........ 9 

Tarsal claws with membranous lobes 
flaplike (pseudarolia), arising from 
inner margin of claw itself, figs. 42— 
53; frequently hooked to form a re- 
cess from which the pseudarolia 


~ Arolia etre at apex, figs. 54-62. 


SSA Ae gl, a Orthotylinae, p. 74 
Arolia divergent at apex, figs. 63-67. . . 10 
Pronotum with a prominent ridge run- 

ning from the postero-lateral corner 

of the pronotum almost to the anter- 
ior corner, fig. 69; and with pleural 
suture situated some distance from 
anterior margin and_ terminating 

under ridees: 2.2. - Mirinae, p. 124 
Pronotum with this ridge either absent 

or ee for Be a short dis- 

tance. spe eae 
Poe pontion ee peak aes fig. 

143, so that the eyes are situated 

their own length from pronotum 

(Collaria, p. 126)...Mirinae, p. 124 
Posterior portion of head short so 

that the eyes almost touch or do 

touch the pronotum, fig. 154....... 12 
Pronotum markedly widest at poster- 

ior margin, figs. 155, 180; hemelytra 

with corium and cuneus distinctly 

defined as sclerotized areas and set 

off from the apical membrane. ..... 
Capsinae, p. 131 


3: 


14. 


IS: 


16. 


Le): 


18. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Pronotum swollen at middle, this 
portion as wide as or wider than hind 
margin, fig. 142; hemelytra with 
corilum and cuneus merging so im- 
perceptibly with the membrane, 
which is partially sclerotized, that 
there is no line of distinction between 
them; includes both macropterous 
and brachypterous forms.......... 
sth Bie Suet A eee Mirinae, p. 124 


Calli greatly enlarged into a pair of 
broad humps occupying the anterior 
two-thirds of the central area of the 
pronotum, fig. 68..... Fulviini, p. 61 

Calli much smaller, fig. 70; pronotum 
not humped anteriorly, but usually 
considerably humped posteriorly. ..14 


Anterior margin of pronotum with a 
distinct, even, ringlike collar set off 
by a definite, deep groove, fig. 70. ..15 

Anterior margin of pronotum with- 
out a ringlike collar, fig. 77; at most 
with a flattened area, fig. 78....... 7. 


Pronotum narrowed to a distinctly 
necklike anterior portion; head nar- 
rowed posteriorly and appearing 
stalked; hemelytra colorless, trans- 
parent and glassy with a Y-shaped 
red or fuscous mark, fig. 98 (Hya/i- 
OAES. sso) ek nee Dicyphinae, p. 52 

Pronotum not greatly narrowed anter- 
iorly, figs. 70, 71; head sometimes 
narrowed posteriorly but not stalked, 
fig. 71; hemelytra not colorless and 
glassyin... ois o.5) or 16 

Eyes distinctly removed from posterior 
margin of head, fig. 71; pronotum 
with calli represented by a smooth, 
depressed shining area forming a 
second ~collar,” fig.-71> 7. 22a 
beitieay hee ar Sa Clivinemini, p. 64 


Eyes bordering on posterior margin of 
head, figs. 70, 105; pronotum with 
calli not depressed below level of 
adjacent area of pronotum........ 
Site: Te arom Sees Deraeocorinae, p. 64 


Anterior portion of pronotum set off by 
a dark, impressed line running from 
antero-lateral corner to posterior 
marzin of calli, hg. 72. .2 ee 
ibis saith srr BNE as Largideini, p. 63 

Anterior portion of pronotum without 
sucha lines figs. 77/5, /9\nae. 
ee Rue ae Nee Phylinae, p. 22 


Dorsal outline almost circular, fig. 99, 
and pronotum with narrow, ringlike 


September, 1941 


las) 


Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
. 38.— Microphylellus modestus. 
. 39.— Psallus ancorifer. 


. 40.— Rhinocapsus vanduzeet. 


KNIGHT: 


30 31 


PLANT Bucs 


Mana \wa/ 
| 37 


I ad etd 


as 


, OR Miripaz, or ILiLinors 21 
42 43; 44 45 
a : : 46 > aS, 


MIRID TARSAL CLAWS 


30.—Fulvius brunneus. 
31.—Cylapus tenuicornis. 
32.— Hyaliodes vitripennis. 
33.— Deraeocoris nebulosus. 
34.— Deraeocoris pinicola. 
35.— Deraeocoris ruler. 

36.— Eurychilopterella luridula. 
37.— Eustictus venatorius. 


g. 41.—Criocoris saliens. 


Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 


Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 


42.— Microsynamma bohemanni. 
43.— Reuteroscopus ornatus. 
44.—Chlamydatus associatus. 
45.—Lopus decolor. 

46.— Orectoderus obliquus. 
47.—Coquilletiia mimetica. 
48.— Dicyphus famelicus. 
49.— Pycnoderes dilatatus. 
50.— Sixeonotus insignis. 
51.— Dicyphus discrepans. 
52.—Macrotylus sexguttatus. 


53.—Macrolophus separatus. 


63 


MIRID TARSAL CLAWS 


54.— Parthenicus vaccint. 
55.— Halticus bracteatus. 
56.— Halticus intermedius. 


57.—Strongylocoris stygicus. 
58.— Heterocordylus malinus. 
59.—Ceratocapsus modestus. 
60.— Labops hirtus. 


Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 


61.—I/nacora malina. 

62.— Orthotylus flavosparsus. 
63.— Sienodema tris pinosum. 
64.— Phytocoris lasiomerus. 
65.— Barberiella apicalts. 
66.— Lygus vanduzeei. 

67.— Platytylellus insitivus. 


19! 


20. 


Iuttinois Natura History SurvEY BULLETIN 


collar well marked, fig. 73 (Monaloc- 
oris, p. 58).......Bryocorinae, p. 58 


Either dorsal outline much more 
elongate, fig. 97, or pronotal collar 
ASEM trae. 0/8 5.26n Aen evan meee 19 


Tibiae without spines, only hair. Short, 
robust species, figs. 100, 101, with 
the pronotum greatly swollen poster- 
iorly and the areole demarked by a 
single, angulate, thick vein (Szxeo- 
notus, p. 59, and Pycnoderes, p. 60) 
oor Oat Mets Sees Bryocorinae, p. 58 


Tibiae with spines which project be- 
yond hair, fig. 17; either more 
elongate, slender species, fig. 97; or 
pronotum only moderately enlarged 
posteriorly, fig. 87; or areole divided 
into large and small parts, fig. 17. . .20 

Pronotum wide, without collar or 
collarlike area) figs. 7/7, 87.+:....... 
fe Nae ts eM Phylinae, p. 22 

Pronotum narrower, anterior portion 
somewhat necklike, with a collar or 
collarlike flat area, figs. 78, 97...... 21 


. Hind tarsi very long and slender, fig. 


74; second segment very long, claws 

Stine ee oe een oh one Dicyphinae, p. 52 
Hind tarsi stouter, figs. 75, 76; second 

segment not much longer than third. 22 


. Hind tibiae with a few black spines at 


apex, fig. 76; tarsal segments robust; 
tarsal claws long, figs. 46, 47, sharply 
Cutved atextreme APEXa> a4... 12) 
rae Se etn). veut Phylinae, p. 22 


Hind tibiae with no black spines at 
apex, fig. 75; tarsal segments bilater- 
ally compressed; tarsal claws short, 
figs. 52, 53, evenly curved from base 
REP eieY oe Pah ieee tee Dicyphinae, p. 52 


PHYLINAE 
KEY TO GENERA 


Pronotum nearly triangular with a 
more or less flattened apical collar, 
but this collar not set off from disk 
of pronotum by a distinct carina, 
fig. 78; abdomen usually constricted 
at base as in fies. 136... wees 2 

Pronotum wider without a flattened 
apical collar, figs. 77-79; abdomen 
never constricted at base......... 4 


. Second antennal segment strikingly 


clavate, its thickness at apex more 
than twice that at base; beak reach- 


10. 


. Second 


V ol. 22, °Ared 


ing almost to hind coxae; hemely- 
tra fully developed in both sexes. . . 
Moers scoala eee Teleorhinus, p. 52 
Second antennal segment linear or 
slightly thickened at apex, fig. 80; 
beak reaching middle coxae; females 
brachypterous or wingless........ 3 
antennal segment linear; 
pseudarolia attached at base of 
claw, free apically, fig. 47; females 
wingless. 2.4.2 Coquillettia, p. 52 
Second antennal segment slightly 
thickened at apex, fig. 80; pseuda- 
rolia completely jointed to claw, fig. 
46; females brachypterous........ 
RL ar ee ake eee Orectoderus, p. 52 


Cuneus white or very light yellow, 
with transverse black bar across 
middle; membrane dark brown or 
black, with prominent white mar- 
ginal spots, fig. 93; pseudarolia 
large, attached only at basal angles 
and extending free and parallel with 
claws to tips, fig. 52..5 )52 eee 
DE enh Macrotylus, p. 51 

Wings not marked as in fig. 93; pseu- 
darolia large and completely united 
with claws, fig. 46; or pseudarolia 
minute or wanting, figs. 38-43.... 5 


Vertex and pronotum bearing silvery, 
scalelike hairs, these hairs some- 


times in tufts.,........0 5 6 
Vertex and pronotum not bearing sil- 
very, scalelike hairs. .2) ao=aemee 11 


Head transverse, front vertical, not 
protruding in front of antennal 
bases as seen from dorsal aspect... 
SCR nae nas ee ee Rhinacloa, p. 50 

Head produced in front of antennal 


bases; fig."89'......2...5 eee 7 
Tylus sharply produced, apex acute, 
fig: OL): Be cien «eee Criocoris, p. 49 
Tylus not produced, apex blunt..... 8 
. Second antennal segment strongly 
thickened..... Atractotomus, p. 51 
Second antennal segment linear, not 
thicker than first segment........ 9 


Length of second antennal segment 
less than width of head across eyes 
Lae Ps mea: Lepidopsallus, p. 46 

Length of second antennal segment 
greater than width of head across 
GVESE Se sate eae tea: tn 10 

Pseudarolia attached only at base of 
claw, tip free and extending to 
middle of claw, fig. 43; color green- 


KNIGHT: 


September, 1941 


S 


S 


ao 
0 
fr 
a) 

ay 

ey 

5 

a 

a 

Be 
Ly 

fo} 

le) 

lo} 
7.0, 

) 

Ce} 
i) fo) 


9 
play 
9) 
Ro 


ia 


Fig. 68.—Head and pronotum of Fulvius 
brunneus. 


Fig. 69.—Prothorax of Miris dolabratus, \at- 
eral aspect, showing the prominent lateral ridge 
characteristic of the Mirinae. 


Fig. 70.—Head and pronotum of Derae- 
ocoris nubilus. 


Fig. 71.—Head and pronotum of Bothynotus 
modestus. 


Fig. 72.—Head and pronotum of Largidea 
grossa. 


PLantT Bues, or Miripar, oF ILLINOIS 


ee 
pala A TPE 


\ 
MUYYE, 
sees) 


7 72 


78 


23 


} 


} 
| 


(2 


Fig. 73.—Head and pronotum of Monaloc- 
oris filicts. 


Fig. 74.—Tarsi of Macrolophus tenuicornis. 
Fig. 75.—Tarsi of Dicyphus vestitus. 
Fig. 76.—Tarsi of Orectoderus obliquus. 


Fig. 77.—Head and pronotum of Plagiogna- 
thus albifacies. 


Fig. 78.—Pronotal disk of Orectoderus ob- 
liquus, &. 


Fig. 79.—Head and pronotum of Macrotylus 
amoenus. 


ish yellow, with large, well-marked, 3} 
darkibrown-ancasns 5 sa) nee ee 
Bee ee Reuteroscopus, p. 
Pseudarolia united with claw, fig. 39; 
color dark brown, or yellow with 
minute, darker markings......... 


Base Rad AIA ee NISC DS Psallus, p. 43 


Fig. 80.—Antenna of Orectoderus obliquus,o. 

Fig. 81.—Antenna of Rhinacloa forticornis, 
2. 
Fig. 82.—Antenna of Atractotomus magni- 
cornis. A, o&; B, 2. 

Fig. 83.—Head 


mann, o. 
Fig. 84.—Head of Plagiognathus blatchleyi, 


of Microsynamma  bohe- 


Cle 
Fig. 85.—Antenna of Rhinocapsus vandu- 
zee. 


Fig. 86.—Antenna of Microphylellus modes- 
tus. 


11. Length of second antennal segment 17. 


less than width of head across eyes; 
in species in which the two are al- 
most equal, hind femora not light 
with numerous dark Spotshecnrene. 12 


Length of second antennal segment 18. 


greater than width of head across 
eyes; in species in which the two are 
almost equal, hind femora light with 
numerous: darkspotsesc. 0... 14 
12. Femora light colored, with conspicu- 
ous black spots on ventral surface. . 
ed PRs ere Campylomma, p. 25 
Femora dark brown to black or en- 


tirely light, without dark spots....13 19. 


Intinois NaruraL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


14. 


5. 


16. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Hemelytra black, with a transverse 
light mark extending across middle 
of clavus, fig. 92; male antennae 
with first and second segments 
greatly thickened, fig:)92 eames 
RL arr Alek Ae, Mee Leucopoecila, p. 50 

Hemelytra uniformly dark brown to 
black, never with a pale mark ex- 
tending across clavus; male anten- 
nae slender, scarcely thicker than in 
females see ae Chlamydatus, p. 25 

Pseudarolia large, projecting slightly 
beyond apices of claws, as in fig. 45; 
disk of prosternal xyphus depressed, 
and with elevated margins........ i 

Pseudarolia minute, not reaching tips 
of claws, figs. 40, 42; disk of pro- 
sternal xyphus convex, margins not 
elevated... 2)... ee 16% 


Rostrum not extending beyond hind 
coxae; head only mederately, ob- 
liquely produced...... Lopus, p. 51 

Rostrum extending to middle of ven- 
ter; head strongly produced anter- 
1On years, conciny ae Amblytylus, p. 51 

Margin of compound eye well sepa- 
rated from antennal fossa, minimum 
space between the two more than 
one-third as great as diameter of 
antennal fossa; margin of compound 
eye near antennal fossa almost 
straight, fig. 83... 2) 2 oe 
eee eg eee Microsynamma, p. 42 

Margin of compound eye almost or 
quite touching antennal fossa, min- 
imum space between the two not 
more than one-eighth as great as 
diameter of antennal fossa; margin 
of compound eye more or less 
emarginate near antennal fossa, 


fig. 84.5000 on 1 


Hind tibiae with dark spines, these 
spines without dark spots at bases. 18 
Hind tibiae with light yellow to almost 
colorless spines, or with dark spines 
having dark spots at bases........ 20 
General color bright yellowish green, 
with large, well-marked, dark brown 
areas; pseudarolia attached at base 
of claw, tip free and extending to 
middle of claw; fig: 43.7. eee 
i Bah ee en Reuteroscopus, p. 48 
General color dark red; or brown to 
black; pseudarolia completely 
united with claw, figs. 38-40...... i) 


General color dark red; second anten- 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


nal segment slightly swollen at 
apex, so as to become as wide as 
iestesecoMents MEGS .- ye een sss 
5 Geen ee Rhinocapsus, p. 40 
General color brown to black; second 
antennal segment linear, not so 
wide as first segment, fig. 86...... 
.Microphylellus, p. 40 
20. Eeerlcuron ae flattened, scalelike 
PRIUESCEMGE c's 3 Psallus, p. 43 
Mesopleuron always without flat- 
tened, scalelike pubescence....... 
..Plagiognathus, p. 26 


Campylomma Reuter 


Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) 


Capsus verbasci Meyer (1843, p. 70). 

Mate.-—Fig. 87. Length 2.50, width 1.10. 
General color pale testaceous to yellowish, 
mesoscutum and base of scutellum becoming 


Fig. 87.—Campylomma verbasci, 3. 


fulvous, disk of cuneus pale fuscous. Tylus, 
apical half of first antennal segment and 
slender area at base of second, large spots 
on femora and tibiae, black. Body beneath 
dark brown; clothed with simple, dusky to 
blackish pubescence. Membrane uniformly 
pale smoky. 

FemMAte.—Length 2.90; width 1.30. 

Host Prants.—In Illinois the common- 
est host is mullein (Verbascum sp.). This 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 25 


insect has been taken also on Verbena stricta 
and Brassica nigra. It is known to breed 
occasionally on apple (Pyrus malus) ; some- 
times it is attracted to colonies of aphids, 
where it feeds on their honeydew. 

KNowNn DIstRIBUTION. 
cies in the eastern United States and Can- 
ada. This species came originally from Eu- 
rope, but has long been established in North 
America. It is quite common almost every- 
were mullein grows. 

Iilirois Records.— One hundred seven 
males and 84 females, taken May 30 to 
Aug. 1, are from Antioch, Arcola, Bloom- 
ington, Delavan, Galena, Kankakee, Monti- 
cello, Mount Carroll, Starved Rock State 
Park, Urbana. 


Chlamydatus Curtis 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. All femora black, with narrow areas 
at tips light yellowish; length 2.00- 


DO Orr ene ae Boy as hae suavis, p. 26 
Front and middle femora more or less 
Viellowaea te Nae ia De Sea oe meals 2 


2. Front and middle femora clear yellow, 
hind femora black with apex yellow; 


lent 2.50). 4: >. associatus, p. 25 
All femora black with apical one-third 
VEO nese ie aie pulicarius, p. 26 


Chlamydatus associatus (Uhler) 


Agalliastes associatus Uhler (1872, p. 419). 

Aputts.—Length 2.50, width 1.00. Body 
mostly black. Front and middle legs, hind 
tibiae and first two segments of all tarsi, 
yellowish. Third and fourth antennal seg- 
ments pale fuscous. 

Foop PLANT.—Ragweed (Ambrosia sp.). 

Known DistriputTion.—Commonly 
found in the United States and Canada 
wherever ragweed grows. 

Illinois Records.—N inety-nine males and 
86 females, taken May 14 to Nov. 1, are 
from Algonquin, Allerton, Alton, Amboy, 
Antioch, Bloomington, Centralia, Cham- 
paign, Chicago, Decatur, Delavan, Dubois, 
Elizabethtown, Galena, Galesburg, Graf- 
ton, Grand Detour, Grand Tower, Hardin, 
Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Keithsburg, 
Lawrenceville, Monticello, Murphysboro, 
Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Oquawka, 
Oregon, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, St. 
Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Springfield, 


26 I_ttinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Starved Rock State Park, Tremont, Urbana, 
Zion. 


Chlamydatus suavis (Reuter) 


Agalliastes suavis Reuter (1876, p. 92). 

Aputts.—Length 2.28, width 0.97; slight- 
ly smaller than associatus (Uhler) ; entirely 
black except the tibiae, which are pale 
yellow. 

Foop PLant.—Ragweed (Ambrosia sp.). 

Known DistriputTion.—Connecticut, II- 
linois, Iowa, Kansas, New York and south- 
ward. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males 
and 35 females, taken June 5 to Sept. 19, 
are from Algonquin, Alto Pass, Carbondale, 
Champaign, Darwin, Dixon, Dubois, Eliza- 
beth, Evergreen Park, Fountain Bluff, Free- 
port, Galesburg, Grand Tower, Havana, 
Herod, Metropolis, Mount Carmel, Mur- 
physboro, Rockford, Savanna, Starved Rock 
State Park, Urbana. 


Chlamydatus pulicarius (Fallen) 


Lygaeus pulicarius Fallen (1807, p. 95). 
Not as yet collected in Illinois; known 
from Michigan, Minnesota, New York. 


Plagiognathus Fieber 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Tibial spines pale, without black spots 
AEIDASES A Rr Gs ne Ananya tt neh alee) 

Tibial spines dark, with a black spot 

at base of each, these spots some- 
times obsolete near apices of tibiae. 3 


2. Almost colorless; first antennal seg- 
ment with two black lines; a black 
line near apices of dorsal and ventral 
margins of femora; hind femora with 
single black spot on anterior aspect 
BB Sade emote nigrolineatus, p. 34 

Color yellowish, antennae and femora 
without black lines; hind femora 
with a few small fuscous points on 
anitenon aces aay ytea. sericeus, p. 34 

3. Second antennal segment dark fuscous 
to black, sometimes slightly paler at 
middle, but always with more area 


black thar leh tac ene ee 4 
Second antennal segment chiefly pale, 
blackishvonlys at bases a1. Ae nol 


4. Cuneous partly or entirely black, 
never chietly brow meee ate c1. 8 <n 5 


10. 


11. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Cuneus pale, or uniformly fulvous to 
dark brown, sometimes dusky at 
apex, but never distinctly black. ..20 


. Cuneus more or less pale at base..... 6 


Cuneus uniformly black like corium, 
rarely somewhat pale at fracture. . .13 


Scutellum partly or completely pale, 
sometimes pale only at apex or 
along lateral margins, .2 98) eee vi 


Scutellum uniformly black.......... 10 


Scutellum black along median line, 
with variable light-colored areas at 
margins... J. cb. se 
.....0bscurus var. obscurus, p. 32 

Scutellum pale along median line, 
sometimes pale only at apex, or 
almost entirely light colored with 
only basal angles blackish........ 8 


Rostrum short, scarcely reaching 
bases of middle coxae; pronotal disk 
with broad, dark stripes, leaving 
median line and lateral margins pale 
yellows 5 oy eee gleditsiae, p. 37 


Rostrum extending to hind coxae.... 9 


Femora pale to light yellowish brown, . 
hind pair with two rows of promi- 
nent black spots, these spots some- 
times obscured with darker color; 
hind femora never noticeably black 
at base and pale in middle; cuneus 
pale at base and along outer mar- 
gin; length 3:90-4:50) -=)2ee 
Roth St Nive ee oe flavoscutellatus, p. 32 


Femora pale to black, usually black at 
base and pale in middle; in dark 
specimens femora black with only 
apices pale; cuneus pale at base, but 
not along outer margin; length 3.80 
-4.00. . politus var. flaveolus, p. 29 


Pronotum and hemelytra black; cu- 
neus with a small, light-colored spot 
at base, or with apex paler than 


bases. ceo. oo eee 11 


Pronotum pale at posterior margin, 
corium chiefly light yellowish brown 
or ivory white, but with a large, 
somewhat ovate, fuscous spot on 
apical half; cuneus pale, with a 
small black spot at apex........-. 
... .obscurus var. fraternus, p. 32 

Femora yellowish, with one or two 
rows of black spots on anterior face, 
pubescence yellowish to golden; 
length 4.00 aR. =. cuneatus, p. 34 

Femora black, pale at apices........ 12 


September, 1941 


oD. 


re. 


14. 


16. 


a7. 


Ng 


KNIGHT: 


Cuneus pale only on base; pubescence 
write length 3250: 6.2. 4..0.-.45.-.- 
Be ioh te politus var. politus, p. 29 

Cuneus pale at apex and along outer 
margin; pubescence yellowish to 
pptieten 7 bec. Ac 25, 8e 8 cuneatus, p. 34 


Rostrum and legs chiefly yellowish, 
femora with black spots, or with 


Blick spots’and limes... ....0..... 14 
Rostrum and legs black or obscured 
with very dark brown............ 16 


Hind femora with black line above 
and one on ventral margin of apical 
half, also four or five black spots on 
BiareminidSNeCh it S00, 0. betes ea 2 
..annulatus var. annulatus, p. 34 

Hind femora without black lines above 
Pa ELON R ae NE a As mes Marys 2 LD 


. Length 3.80-4.00; legs orange yellow, 


hind femora with four or five black 
spots on antero-dorsal line, a second, 
less conspicuous row of does just 
beneath, and a single spot just below 
at muddle orapicalialits 1796s: 
aes Paci as eet negundinis, p. 33 
Length 3.00; legs yellowish, femora 
with wei rather inconspicuous, 
fuscous dors arranged in series on 
anterior face...... repetitus, p. 40 


Femora, tibiae and antennae very 
dark brown; third antennal segment 
dusky to fuscous, scarcely paler 
than second segment; hemelytra 
very dark brown, somewhat trans- 
lucent, pubescence yellowish to 
pusey= leneth 4.005. 665.4 ..070: 

1 Be te ene laricicola, p. 39 

Femora black except at extreme tips; 
tibiae pale, with prominent black 


Length of second antennal segment 
less than width of head Ee width 
> he 

Length of paced Bena Peemiedt 
greater than width of head plus 
BRE UONVELEOK 6 oneness ev ge-o ts 19 

Deep black, strongly shining, with 
white pubescence; length 3.00..... 

pedis’ nigronitens, p. 30 

Very dark brown, moderately shining, 
with golden yellow pubescence; 
femeeny 5.50) oo... .% cornicola, p. 38 


Rostrum extending to hind coxae; 
very dark brown, sometimes slightly 
translucent at cuneal fracture..... 

..annu- 


i) 
at 


tO 
~I 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 27 


latus var. nigrofemoratus, p. 34 
Rostrum extending only to middle of 
intermediate coxae; black, cuneus 
uniformly black like corium....... 
x hs Eee see ee nigritus, p. 34 


Rostrum short, not attaining posterior 
margin of sternum or base of middle 
coxae; frons with quadrate black 
spoton’ eteher side. Si teas ers 


Pay BOS eA saa gleditsiae, p. 37 


Rostrum extending to or beyond mid- 
dle Coxae nr: tah: sans, J aepeoe 21 


. Length of second antennal segment 


equal to or less than width of pro- 

notume At bases. 7 2Mws a>. + pee 
Length of second antennal segment 

greater than width of pronotum at 


BaSe iin cepa gee cnt te Man reece 26 
Rostrum not extending beyond middle 
GORAS A or Penge brevirostris, p. 33 


Rostrum extending beyond middle 
CORA S.A cea ee 


Femora very dark brown, without 
definite spots...... cornicola, p. 38 

Femora with fuscous spots on anterior 
face, or uniformly pale with spots 
fadistinet OF Absent... an. aes 24 


Hind femora with two rows of fuscous 
spots on anterior face; body dull 
yellowish brown, with lower half of 
head and under surface of body 
Blache os eds eh tat ce fulvidus, p. 37 

Hind femora with fuscous spots either 
grouped on distal half, or absent, a 
dark line forming above; body pale 
to greenish yellow, ventral surtace 
Ol GARE me i) 25 12 hin s Saree 25: 


Pronotum and hemelytra uniformly 
light yellowish brown or greenish. . 
..blatchleyi var. blatchleyi, p. 35 
Basal half of pronotal disk, apical 
half of corium, and disk of clavus 
darkened with dark yellowish brown 


First antennal segment mostly pale; 
narrow area at base and two setiger- 
ous spots on apical half black... ... 
Ee et PAPEL i albifacies, p. 35 

First antennal segment entirely black. 


. Rostrum not extending beyond middle 


COR AG) He Ae i let ries ee tate 28 
Rostrum extending beyond middle 

CORA. 42 8h ae Be ene ee 29 
Body and wings uniformly straw 


28 


29). 


30. 


Bille 


SEE 


34. 


35; 


36. 


Ittino1is NaturaL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


colored or slightly tinged with vel- 
lena cme eee atricornis, p. 35 
Body dark; hemelytra black, basal 
one-third to one-half of embolium 
and corium pale, rarely dark; cu- 
neus pale to fulvous, apex frequent- 
ly dusky; length 4.30-4.70........ 
Pctac tai eee: brevirostris, p. 33 


Hemelytra without pale areas; gen- 
eral color light yellowish brown; 
tylus, lora and sternum black..... 
Mialee gt mise nee Se es rosicola, p. 36 

Hemelytra fuscous with pale areas. . .30 


Pale area of corium limited by claval 
suture; smaller forms, length 3.70- 
ANGI Waser Retiree tee Nast .0) eee Laas 
obscurus var. albocuneatus, p. 32 

Pale area of corium limited by radial 
vein; females with fuscous area on 
apical half of corium divided into 
two spots by pale stripe which ex- 
tends along radius and joins that of 
cuneus; larger forms, length 4.50- 


AON nace ara ceer alboradialis, p. 31 
Scutellum, and usually entire dorsum 
ISUWC IIA MACK 5 oars ects yvA eta 32 


Scutellum pale or light yellowish 
brown, sometimes dark brown, tre- 
quently the median line blackish, 
but the basal angles distinctly 
paler; hemelytra more or less pale, 
in darkest forms very dark brown, 
but always somewhat translucent. .42 


. Hemelytra uniformly brownish and 


translucent; thorax and scutellum 
black........suffuscipennis, p. 40 
Hemelytra uniformly black, or black- 
ish-with) paler arease. see eo 33 
Cuneus very light yellow or reddish. .34 
Cuneuszehietty, black... ioe. 36 
Femora mostly black, only bases and 
narrow area at tips pale..... albo- 
notatus var. albonotatus, p. 31 
Femora pale or reddish, with two rows 
of prominent black spots on anterior 
face; posterior aspect also spotted 
withrblackar Pi 25, cesuaee cao ee ese 35 
Cuneus and femora more or less red- 
dishi.s.02: tinctus var. tinctus, p. 31 
Cuneus straw colored or yellowish. . . 
ee) eae tinctus var. debilis, p. 31 
Femora pale or fulvous, usually 
spotted with: black?.0 22.5 .. 37 
Femora black, pale only at apices. . . .40 


. First antennal segment mostly pale, 


38. 


39): 


40. 


41. 


43. 


44. 


45, 


Vol. 22, Arid 


black only on base; hind femora 
pale, a single black spot on lower 
margin near apex... ...davisi, p. 38 
First antennal segment mostly black, 
small area at apex pale; hind femora 
with two rows of prominent black 
spots on anterior face... eemar 38 


Rostrum not extending beyond middle 
COKGE 7... .eleee a punctatipes, p. 39 
Rostrum extending beyond middle 


Cuneus pale at base... 2 eeeee 
ete eet dispar var. dispar, p. 39 
Cuneus uniformly black. eee 
Be. eee dispar var. crataegi, p. 39 
Length of second antennal segment 
just equal to width of head across 
eyes, first and second segments 
equally thick...... syrticolae, p. 31 
Length of second antennal segment 
distinctly greater than width of 
head... 3.20) )..0245. 20 41 


Cuneus pale at base; second antennal 
segment with basal one-fourth 
black: body narrower); yee 
pee Ske Nall tee ae pallidicornis, p. 30 

Cuneus uniformly black like corrum; 
sécond antennal segment with a 
narrow black area at base, apex 
dusky; body more ovate, deep 
black, strongly shining. 3) see 

Litissssee.. 2... HAaviCGER tapas 


2. Dorsum uniformly greenish yellow, 


clothed with prominent — black 
pubescence; bases of first and sec- 
ond antennal segments black, a 
second black annulus present near 
apex of first segment. — ee eeeee 
SAGE oe chrysanthemi, p. 31 
Dorsum darkened or marked with 
fuscous; pubescence pale; antennae 
not marked as. above. 2.455 43 


Second antennal segment uniformly 
pale, sometimes with a narrow 


dusky area at base. .. .- 2222p 44 
Second antennal segment black at 
bas@u: aot. Si 2eol) 2 eee 46 


First antennal segment pale; dorsum 
pale, thickly dotted with minute 
reddish brown or dusky brown 
Spots. Ao: ee guttulosus, p. 40 

First antennal segment black; scutel- 
lum and cuneus pale; femora with 
black: spots. qo: >. Seep 45 

Scutellum and cuneus pale.......... 
nui a ant aE albatus var. albatus, p. 36 


September, 1941 


46. 


48. 


49. 


50. 


=) 


Median line of scutellum and apical 
half of cuneus blackish........... 
Bee. albatus var. vittiscutis, p. 36 


Scutellum uniformly colored, or with 
median line paler than basal angles .47 

Scutellum with median line blackish, 
darker than lateral areas, which are 
yellowish or light brown.......... 50 


. Femora rather uniformly dark except 


at apices, black spots indistinct; 

scutellum uniformly colored, usual- 

ly dark yellowish brown or walnut 

colored, similar to dorsum........ 

=) ajo Reece ae cornicola, p. 38 
Femora pale or light yellowish brown, 

with distinct lines of black spots. . .48 


Length of rostrum less than width of 
pronotum; length of second anten- 
nal segment only slightly greater 
than width of head; length 3.30... 
Jeo) ARR a aera delicatus, p. 37 

Length of rostrum distinctly greater 
than basal width of pronotum; 
length of second antennal segment 
nearly equal to width of head plus 
width of vertex; length 4.10...... 49 


Calli and two longitudinal stripes on 
corium black; cuneus black, with 
imareiis pales... 
....8alicicola var. salicicola, p. 36 

Dorsum uniformly pale, brownish 
markings only very faintly indi- 
CHIERC 5 Cie ee 
....Salicicola var. depallens, p. 36 


Cuneus uniformly light colored... ... 51 
Cuneus brownish or black at apex. . .52 


Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- 
gins of middle coxae; propleura 
clothed only with slender pubes- 
cence; femora distinctly spotted 
with black although these dots at 
times are slightly obscured at apex. 
Reet, repletus var. repletus, p. 38 

Rostrum extending beyond middle 
coxae; propleura clothed with silky 
pubescence; femora more or less 
black on apical half, but black areas 


...albonotatus var. compar, p. 31 


. Rostrum attaining hind margins of 


posterior coxae; basal half of cortum 
and more or less broad area on 
either side of claval suture white; 
paler areas never brownish, darker 
atedsr distinctly black. 2.5... ...%. 
tor 1 a re similis, p. 37 


Kwnicut: PLant Bucs, or Miripaer, or ILLINots 29 


Rostrum not attaining hind margins 
of" posterion coxaesn aaer acces: 2) 
53. Hemelytra, except along basal half 
of radius, dark brown or yellowish 
brown; most of dorsum dull yellow- 
ish brown to tawny, sides of pro- 
notal disk and median line of scutel- 
lum dark brown....... caryae, p. 38 
Hemelytra black, outer half of clavus, 
basal half of cortum and area ex- 
tending along clava] suture to apex 
pale and’ translucent. 2.4.2.0 2%: 
See: repletus var. apicatus, p. 38 


Plagiognathus politus Uhler 


Plagiognathus politus Uhler (1895, p. 52). 

Mave.—Length 3.50, width 1.30; ovate, 
shining black; clothed with simple, pale or 
white pubescence. Femora dark fuscous to 
black, apices pale. Rostrum yellowish at 
middle, apex slightly surpassing hind coxae. 
Antennae black, tip of first segment pale, 
third and fourth pale or tinged only with 
fuscous. Tibiae pale or yellowish, with bases 
darker, and tibial spines with black spots 
surrounding their bases. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.80, 
similar to male but more 

Adults appearing after July, apparently 
of the second brood, are lighter in color, 
usually having the scutellum and mesal areas 
of the pronotum straw colored. They do not 
differ structurally from the typical form 
and belong to the variety flaveolus Knight 
(1923d, p. 434). 

Foop PLANTs.—Ragweed (4 mbrosia sp.), 
goldenrod (Solidago sp.) and other herbace- 
ous plants, particularly composits; reared 
from apple (Pyrus malus), where the 
nymphs fed on the tender foliage. In Illi- 
nois, specimens have been taken also on 
hickory (Carya sp.), willow (Salix sp.), 
birch (Betula sp.), cypress (Taxodium 
distichum), oak (Quercus sp.), hazelnut 
(Corylus sp.), red cedar (Juniperus vir- 
giniana), coralberry (Symphoricarpos orbi- 
culatus), locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and 
pine (Pinus strobus). 

Known DistrisuTioN.—Commonly dis- 
tributed east of the 100th meridian. 

Illinois Records.—Four hundred forty- 
six males and 505 females, taken June 2 to 
Nov. 1, are from Albion, Algonquin, Aller- 
ton, Alton, Alto Pass, Amboy, Anna, An- 
tioch, Beverly Hills, Bloomington, Bluff 
Springs, Browns, Bureau, Carbondale, 


width 1.60; very 


robust. 


30 Itttnois NaTurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Champaign, Charleston, Chicago, Cypress, 
Danville, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- 
son, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Equal- 
ity, Forest Park, Fountain Bluff, Fox Lake, 
Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Glencoe, Gol- 
conda, Grand Detour, Grand ‘Tower, 
Grandview, Grayville, Hamilton, Hardin, 
Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Hillsboro, 
Homer, Joliet, Jonesboro, Kampsville, 
Kankakee, Kansas, Kappa, Karnak, Keiths- 
burg, Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Makanda, 
Marshall, Mason City, McClure, Mere- 
dosia, Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, 
Mount Carmel, Mount Forest, Muncie, 
New Milford, Newton, Normal, Oakwood, 
Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, Paxton, 
Quincy, River Forest, Rockford, Rockton, 
St. Anne, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- 
town, Sparland, Springfield, Starved Rock 
State Park, Ullin, Urbana, Vienna, Volo, 
Ware, Warren, Warsaw, Waukegan, West 
Union, White Heath, White Pines Forest 
State Park, Willow Springs, York, Zion. 


Plagiognathus pallidicornis Knight 


Plagiognathus politus var. 
Knight (1923d, p. 435). 

This species is allied to politus Uhler, but 
is easily to be distinguished by its pale anten- 
nae and shorter rostrum. 

Matve.—Length 3.50, width 1.47. Head 
width 0.71, vertex 0.37. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.24, black; second, 0.91, 
pale, black at base; third, 0.65, pale; fourth, 
0.39, pale. Rostrum, length 1.21, reaching 
only to middle of hind coxae. General color 
black, moderately shining, pubescence pale, 
base of cuneus with a narrow, pale area; 
ventral margin of propleura, mesoepimera 
and ostiolar peritremes white. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.40, width 1.56; slight- 
ly more robust but very similar to male in 
color and pubescence. 

Known DistripuTION.—Connecticut, II- 
linois, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, 
New Hampshire, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Records.—AntTiocH: July 5-7, 
1932; Prison” ¢¢ al. 1 es" Aug. 1, 1930, 
Frison, Knight & Ross, 124,19. 


pallidicornis 


Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight 

Plagiognathus 
p. 435). 

This species is slightly smaller than poli- 
tus Uhler, with a shorter rostrum; the body 


Knight (1923d, 


nigronitens 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


is shining black, with the cuneus uniformly 
black like the corium. 

Mate.—Length 3.00, width 1.20. Head 
width 0.64, vertex 0.33, Rostrum scarcely 
attaining posterior margin of middle coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.22, black; 
second, 0.78, black, extreme tip pale; third, 
0.66, pale; fourth, 0.45, dusky. Pronotum, 
length 0.53, width at base 1.03. Hemelytral 
margins very slightly arcuate; uniformly 
black, shining; cuneus never pale at base; 
clothed with pale yellowish pubescence. 
Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, a pale 
triangular spot bordering cuneus. Legs 
black, femora light in color at extreme tips; 
tibiae yellowish, spines with black spots at 
bases, hind pair becoming infuscated on 
basal one-third. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.30; very 
slightly more robust than male but very 
similar in coloration. 

Foop PLant.—Ragweed (Ambrosia sp.), 
sunflower (Helianthus sp.). 

Known Distrisution.—Colorado, I[li- 
nois, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, 
New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, 
South Dakota. 

Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and 
28 females, taken May 12 to Aug. 1, are 
from Antioch, Champaign, Dubois, Fountain 
Bluff, Goreville, Grand Tower, Metropolis, 
Muncie, Oakwood, Vienna, Volo. 


Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight 


Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight (1923d, 
p. 436). 

This is larger and more robust than nigro- 
nitens Knight and about the same size as 
politus Uhler, but the second antennal seg- 
ment is pale except for a narrow area at 
the base; the cuneus remains uniformly 
black like the corium. 

Mare.—Length 3.50, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Rostrum scarcely 
attaining hind margins of middle coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, black, 
apex pale; second, 1.16; third, 0.83, fuscous; 
fourth, 0.55. Pronotum, length 0.61, width 
at base 1.16. General color black, shining, 
including basal margin of cuneus; clothed 
with yellowish to dusky pubescence. Mem- 
brane and veins uniformly dark fuscous. 
Legs black, tips of femora pale; tibiae pale; 
knees and spot at base of spines black; spots 
much reduced or absent on apical one-third. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.30, width 1.60; very 


—— 


September, 1941 KNiGHT: PLANT Bucs 


similar to male in coloration but more robust 
in form. 

Foop PLANtT.—Sweet gale (Myrica gale). 

Known DistripuTion.—lIllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records.—AntTiocH: July 5-7, 
feet. Ft. Prison; 1 ¢.;~Aug. 1, 1930, 
Frison, Knight & Ross, 3 ¢. CrEpar LAKE: 
Aug. 4, 1906, bog, 39. Sun Lake: Aug. 9, 
1906, bog, 19. 


Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (Wolff) 


Miris chrysanthemi Wolff (1804, p. 157). 
Plagiognathus viridulus Reuter (1878, p. 74). 


Known only from eastern Canada, New 
England states, New York, Pennsylvania; 
Europe. Feeds on the oxeye daisy, Chrys- 
anthemum leucanthemum. 


Plagiognathus alboradialis Knight 


Plagiognathus alboradialis Knight (1923d, 


p. 439). 

Known from British Columbia, Connecti- 
cut, Maine, Newfoundland, New Hamp- 
shire, New York, Ontario, Vermont. 


Plagiognathus syrticolae new species 


This runs to favicornis Knight in my key 
(Knight 1923, p. 431), but is distinguished 
by the shorter and thicker second antennal 
segment which, in length, just equals the 
width of the head. 

Matve.—Length 3.30, width 1.25. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 
1.08, reaching close to hind margins of hind 
coxae, dark fuscous, paler at middle. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.19, black; second, 
0.69, equal in thickness to first, yellowish, 
black at base, with close, pale pubescence; 
third, 0.43, yellowish; fourth, 0.31, pale. 
Pronotum, length 0.52, width at base 1.00. 
General color black, moderately shining; 
pubescence pale, with a few fuscous hairs 
on corium and cuneus. Legs fuscous, tips 
of femora paler, tibiae pale yellow, spines 
black, fuscous spots at bases of spines some- 
times rather small, tarsi pale, apices fuscous. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.22; second, 0.69, third, 0.43; 
fourth, 0.30. Very similar to male in form, 
color and pubescence. 

Host PLant.—Sand willow (Salix syrtic- 
ola), a willow known only from the shores 


of the Great Lakes. 


, OR Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 31 


Holotype, male. —Waukegan, IIl.: July 
6, 1932, on Salix syrticola, T. H. Frison 
et al. 

Allotype, female. —Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes.—Same data as for holotype, 
ZS atS >. 


Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight 


Plagiognathus albonotatus 
p. 437). 


This is nearly the same size as politus 
Uhler, but is slightly more robust; the 
second antennal segment, except for its base, 
the cuneus, and the basal one-third or more 
of the corium, are pale. 

Mave.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.71, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching 
hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.28, black; second, 1.00; third, 0.70; fourth, 
0.47. Pronotum, length 0.57, width at base 
1.11. General color black, basal one-third 
of embolium and corium, and portion of 
the adjacent area on clavus, pale; mem- 
brane uniformly fuscous; body clothed with 
pale yellowish pubescence. Legs black; tibiae 
pale; knees, spines and spot at base of each 
spine, black; spots absent or much reduced 
on apical one-third of tibiae. 

FemMALE.—Length 3.40, width 1.60. Very 
similar to male, but slightly more robust. 
Pronotal disk frequently with pale spot on 
middle. Sides of venter more or less pale. 

Specimens with more extensive pale areas 
than the typical have been designated compar 
Knight (1923d, p. 438); the two have been 
found to occur together in Illinois. 

Foop PLant.—Meadow-sweet (Spiraea 
salicifolia). 

Known DistriputTion.—Colorado, IIli- 
nois, Maine, Minnesota, New York, North 
Dakota, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—ANTIOCH: 
193520 *Frison. ct ale lo. oO} 
ILLINOIS: 19. 


Knight (1923d, 


July 5-7; 


NorTHERN 


Plagiognathus tinctus Knight 


Plagiognathus albonotatus var. tinctus Knight 
(1923d, p. 437). 


The size and color in this species are sug- 
gestive of albonotatus Knight, but the pale 
areas are tinged red. 

Matce.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just reach- 
ing hind margins of middle coxae. Antennae. 


32 ILLINoIs NATURAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


first segment, length 0.22; second, 0.86, pale, 
narrow area at base black; third, 0.53, pale; 
fourth, 0.34. Pronotum, length 0.58, width 
at base 1.08. Body black; basal one-third 
of corium and embolium, adjacent area of 
clavus, cuneus and vertex, pale, but hypo- 
dermis tinged reddish; clothed with pale 
yellowish pubescence. Membranes fuscous, 
pale on veins and near apex of cuneus. Legs 
pale to reddish, hind femora with two rows 
of black X markings. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.50; very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 

Paler specimens lacking red in the hypo- 
dermis, referable to variety debilis Blatch- 
ley (1926, p. 941), were taken in company 
with the typical form. 

Host Pxiant.—Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). A single Illinois specimen was 
taken on red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), 
but probably did not feed on that plant. 

Known DistrispuTion.—lllinois, Lowa, 
Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records. — GALESBURG: 
19. Granp Detour: July 2, 1932, on 
Salix sp., Dozier & Mohr, 42, 69. Ha- 
VANNA: June 23, 1926, Frison & Hayes, 
1¢. KampsviILLE: June 10, 1932, on Ju- 
niperus virginiana, H. L. Dozier, 12. 
MarsHa.L_: June 14, 1933, Frison & Ross, 
1¢,19. MonrTiceLto: July 19, 1932, on 
Salix sp., T. H. Frison, 19. PropHets- 


June, 


TOWN: July 7, 1925, 2. H. Frison; 1 4. 
Rockrorp: July 5, 1932, on Salix sp., 
Dozier & Mohr, 19. Urpana: Sept. 1, 


1930s dese Bison. 1 a 


Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight 


Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight (19234, 
p. 440). 


This may be distinguished by its pale 
scutellum and fulvous femora with two rows 
of black spots. 

Mave.—Length 4.40, width 1.67. Head 
width 0.80, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; 
first segment, length 0.31; second, 1.43; 
third, 0.88; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 
0.68, width at base 1.29. General color 
black; basal half of embolium and corium, 
apex of embolium, base and outer margin of 
cuneus, pale to yellow, pale color on corium 
limited by radial vein. Membrane uniformly 
fuscous, spot bordering apex of cuneus and 
veins pale or yellowish. Legs fulvous to dark 
brown; femora with two rows of black spots 


V ol. 22; Arta 


on anterior face, irregularly spotted on pos- 
terior face. 

FemaLe.—Length 4.30, width 1.70; more 
robust than male, usually pale areas broader. 
Scutellum except base, area just before calli, 
and slight vitta on median line at base of 
pronotal disk, pale. Embolium, claval su- 
ture, anal ridges joining with base of cuneus, 
pale. Legs more fulvous than in male. 


Foop PLiant.—Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). 
Known DistripuTIon.—New England 


states westward to Iowa, Minnesota and 
Nebraska. 

Illinois Records.—Eighteen males and 12 
females, taken June 1 to July 8, are from 
Beardstown, Elizabeth, Freeport, Grand 
Tower, Mount Carmel, Oakwood, Proph- 
etstown, Thebes, West Union, White 
Heath. 


Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler 


Plagiognathus obscurus Uhler (1872, p. 418). 

FEMALE.—Fig. 88. Length 4.40, width 
1.69; larger and more elongate than albo- 
notatus Knight, moderately shining, with 
pale yellowish pubescence. Rostrum scarcely 
reaching hind margins of posterior coxae. 
Antennae fuscous to black, first segment 


3 y Se 


Fig. 88.— Plagiognathus obscu rus. 


September, 1941 


pale at extreme apex. Pronotum blackish, 
calli and central area of disk pale; scutellum 
black, lateral margins more or less pale; 
sternum, pleura and ostiolar peritremes 
black. Hemelytra mostly black; basal one- 
third of embolium and corium, and adjacent 
area of clavus, pale; cuneus pale, but apex 
distinctly blackish. Legs pale to yellowish; 
base of hind coxae, line on apical half of 
dorsal margin of femora, and two rows of 
spots just beneath, black. Venter blackish, 
more or less pale on sides. 

Known Distrinution.—Colorado, Illi- 
nois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, 
New York, Nova Scotia, Quebec. 

An extremely light form of this species 
in which the cuneus is uniformly pale or 
yellowish, and in which broad, pale areas 
are sometimes present on the dorsum, is the 
variety albocuneatus Knight (1923d, p. 438). 
Those specimens of this species having the 
scutellum entirely black may be designated 
variety fraternus Uhler (1895, p. 51). This 
variety was originally described as a species, 
but the examination of a large amount of 
material, from Colorado as well as the east- 
ern states, has led to the conclusion that 
fraternus is nothing more than a variety of 
obscurus. In Illinois material, intergrades 
occur between all these varietal forms, which 
are found together in the field. 

Illinois Records.—Fifty-four males and 
60 females collected June 2 to Sept. 13 are 
from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Fox 
Lake, Frankfort, Galena, Mason City, 
Rockton, Rosiclare, Savanna, Starved Rock 
State Park, Urbana, Volo, Waukegan, Zion. 


Plagiognathus negundinis Knight 
Knight (1929d, 


Plagiognathus negundinis 


p20). 

This species is allied to annulatus Uhler, 
but differs in having a longer second anten- 
nal segment which, in the male, equals or 
slightly exceeds the width of the pronotum 
at its base. 

Mave.—Length 4.00, width 1.36. Head 
width 0.72, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae black; 
first segment, length 0.27; second, 1.20; 
third, 0.75; fourth, 0.35. Pronotum, length 
0.62, width at base 1.17. General color 
black, vertex pale. Legs orange yellow, hind 
femora with a row of four or five black 
spots on antero-dorsal line, also one spot on 
median line of anterior face at middle of 


KnicHuT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, or ILLINOIS 33 


apical half, sometimes with two or three 
smaller dots, and two subapical black spots 
beneath; tibiae yellow; knees, spines, and 
spots at bases of spines, black. Clothed with 
recumbent, yellowish to dusky brown pubes- 
cence. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very 
similar to male in pubescence and coloration. 

A variety, fulvotinctus Knight (1929d, 
p. 264), is known from Iowa; it differs 
from the typical negundinis in that the em- 
bolium, basal half of corium, outer margin 
of clavus on basal half, and basal half of 
cuneus are pale to orange yellow 

Foop PLant.—Box Elder (Acer negun- 
do). 

KNOWN 
Minnesota. 

Illinois Records—Fox LAKE: June 10, 
1936, Ross & Burks, 1g. GALENA: June 
30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1¢, 19. Ha- 
VANNA: May 31, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 2¢, 
30> ;OGUAWKA: June: 13,0-1932, (Hck. 
Dozier, 29. PuTNAmM: June 2, 1933, Mohr 
& Townsend, 24,19. URBANA: June 20, 
1932, Frison & Ross, 19. Voto: July 8, 
1932, Ross, Dozier & Mohr, 1 2. 


DistriguTIOoN.—lllinois, Iowa, 


Plagiognathus brevirostris Knight 
Knight (1923d, 


Plagiognathus brevirostris 
p. 441). 

The general aspect of this species is very 
similar to that of obscurus var. albocuneatus 
Knight, but it is larger and more elongate 
and the cuneus usually is tinged with ful- 
vous; it is distinguished by the short ros- 
trum, which does not reach the hind margins 
of the middle coxae. 

Matce.—Length 4.60, width 1.80. Head 
width 0.79, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching 
middle of intermediate coxae. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.35; second, 1.43; 
third, 1.00; fourth, 0.54. Pronotum, length 
0.63, width at base 1.26. General color 
black, moderately shining, embolium and 
basal half of corium pale, dark color fre- 
quently invading apical half of embolium, 
sometimes pale color extending along claval 
suture to anal ridge; cuneus pale, usually 
tinged with fulvous; apex sometimes dusky. 
Legs black, femora frequently with rather 
broad, pale area at base; tibiae pale; knees, 
spines and spots at base black. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.89; short- 
er and more robust than male; legs with 
broader pale areas. 


34 Ittinois NarurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Known DistrripuTion.— Newfoundland 
and the New England states, westward to 
Michigan, Illinois and Minnesota. 

Illinois Record—ANTIOcH: June 10, 
1933, Mohr & Townsend, 22, 39. 


Plagiognathus cuneatus Knight 


Plagiognathus annulatus var. cuneatus Knight 
(1923d, p. 442). 


This form is allied to the typical annulatus 
Uhler, but the cuneus is pale at the base and 
sometimes at the lateral margin; the femora 
are yellowish and spotted with black, but 
the spots do not form black lines. 

Mare—Length 4.00, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.36. Rostrum extending 
to posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- 
nae black; first segment, 0.30; second, 1.22; 
third, 0.83; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 
0.61, width at base 1.16. General color 
black; cuneus pale to yellowish at base and 
lateral margin; clothed with yellowish to 
golden pubescence. Membrane fuscous. Legs 
pale to yellow; hind femora with two rows 
of small fuscous spots on anterior face, 
sometimes clouded with fuscous. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.20, width 1.70; more 
robust than male but very similar in colora- 
tion. 

Foop PLrant.—Wild aster (Aster sp.). 

Known Disrripution.—Georgia,  I[Ili- 
nois, New Hampshire, New York, Texas, 
Vermont. 

Illinois Record.—ELIzABETHTOWN: 
Wid 27-3 1932. He Dozier lao" eo", 


Plagiognathus nigritus Knight 


Plagiognathus nigritus Knight (1923d, p. 
41), 


Known only from Colorado, Connecticut, 


Ohio. 


Plagiognathus sericeus (Heidemann) 


Psallus sericeus Heidemann (1892, p. 226). 
Plagiognathus tiliae Knight (1926/, p. 252). 


This species is distinguished by its uni- 
formly pale yellow color and by a few small, 
fuscous points on the anterior face of its 
hind femora. 

Mare.—Length 3.30, width 1.34. Head 
width 0.74, vertex 0.31. Antennae uniformly 
yellowish; first segment, length 0.21; second, 
1.08; third, 0.51; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, 
length 0.57, width at base 1.10. Body uni- 


V ol. 22, Aged 


formly pale yellow, the same color as the 
Tilia blossoms among which the insect re- 
treats; indistinct fuscous points on femora 
arranged in a double row, tibial spines pale 
to brownish. Body clothed with soft, recum- 
bent, simple pubescence of pale to golden 
yellow color. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.50. Col- 
oration and pubescence similar to those of 
male. 

Host PLiant.—Basswood (Tilia ameri- 
cana); a single specimen was taken on elm 
(Ulmus americana), but may not have been 
feeding on that tree. 

The adult stage is attained just as the 
basswood flowers come into full bloom, and 
the yellow color of the mature bugs matches 
the color of the flowers perfectly. When 
disturbed the bugs hide among the petals 
and are then difficult to see. 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota. 

Illinois Records.—ANTI0cH: July 5-7, 
1932, on Tilia sp., I. H. Frisonefaiee ce 
39. KAmpPSVILLE: June 10, 1932, on Tilia 
sp., H. L. Dozier, 5 @, 2 9. MUNCIB= aly 
22, 1932, Dozier & Park, 14, 19. NEw 
MiForp: July 3, 1936, Ross & Burks, 1 ¢. 
UrsBana: July 2, 1914, at light, 19 ; June 
27, 1932, on elm, Frison & Ross, 1 9. Wau- 
KEGAN: July 6, 1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. 
Frison et al., 112, 89. 


Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler 


Plagiognathus annulatus Uhler (1895, p. 51) 

Neither the typical form of this species 
nor the variety nigrofemoratus Knight 
(1923d, p. 443) has yet been taken in Illi- 
nois; known from Colorado, Connecticut 
Massachusetts, Montana, New York. 


Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight 

Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight (1923d, 
p. 443). 

This is uniformly pale greenish, with pale 
pubescence; it may be distinguished by the 
black lines on the antennae and femora. 

Mave—Length 4.30, width 1.58. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.33. Rostrum reaching 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.28, pale, two longitudinal 
black lines on dorsal surface; second, 1.38, 
pale, a slender black line on anterior surface 
extending from base to near middle; third, 
0.69, pale; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 


September, 1941 KnicHt: PLANT Bucs 


0.64, width at base 1.22. General color uni- 
formly pale green, translucent. Legs pale; 
slender line on dorsal margin of femora, line 
on apical half of postero-ventral margin of 
hind femora, and a single dot on anterior 
face, black. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.30, width 1.66; simi- 
lar to male in coloration. 

Foop PLaAnt.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- 
carpa). 

Known DistrinuTion.—Connecticut 
westward to Minnesota and southward to 
Texas, its distribution nearly coinciding 
with the range of its host tree. 

Illinois Records. — Dusors: May 15, 
Pion 6-1 9.5. May 22, 1917, 44@,; 12; 
May 23, 1917, 13. FRANKFoRT: June 8, 
1933, Mohr & Townsend, 19. Mownrti- 
CELLO: June 11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, 
19. Wuire Pines Forest STATE Park: 
on Quercus sp., Dozier & Mohr, 29. 


Plagiognathus albifacies Knight 
Plagiognathus albifacies Knight (19274, p 
SF 


This species is allied to blatchleyi Reuter, 
but is distinguished by its pale first antennal 
segment, black sternum, longer head and 
differently formed male genital claspers. 

Mavre.—Length 4.40, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.81, vertex 0.35. Rostrum just reach- 
ing posterior margins of hind coxae. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.39; second, 1.55; 
third, 1.14; fourth, 0.58. Pronotum, length 
0.74, width at base 1.28. Hemelytra pale 
yellow, inner half of clavus and apical half 
of corium dusky to pale fuscous; cuneus pale 
to dusky, translucent. Legs pale, femora 
with two rows of black spots on anterior 
face, hind femora with antero-dorsal row 
composed of six larger black spots. Genital 
claspers distinctive, the left clasper with 
lateral or basal lobe much larger than in 
blatchleyi. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.70, width 1.68. Very 
similar to male in coloration and pubescence. 

Foop PLant.—Leafcup (Polymnia cana- 


densis). 

Known  Disrrisution.—lllinois, Indi- 
ana, Maryland. 

Illinois Records.—A.prince: May 8, 
1932, H. L. Dozier, 19. BrLoominctTon: 


wory-18, 1932,-T. H. Frison, 74, 1¢. 
Danvit_e: Aug. 17, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
292. Gorconpna: July 25, 1930, on Polym- 
nia canadensis, Knight & Ross, 48 2, 6892. 


, OR Miripak, or ILLINoIs 35 


Harpin: June 5-9, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 
11g,139. Karnak: June 23, 1932, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 19. Urpana: 1930, on 
Polymnia sp., T. H. Frison, 23,69; Aug. 
25, 1930, H. H. Knight, 8¢,1¢. 


Plagiognathus atricornis Knight 


Plagiognathus atricornis Knight (1926a, 
p. 9). 

This species is distinguished by its pale 
color, pale pubescence and black antennae. 

Mave.—Length 3.50, width 1.20. Head 
width 0.77, vertex 0.27. Eyes prominent, 
black. Rostrum just attaining posterior 
margins of middle coxae. Antennae uni- 
formly black; first segment, length 0.24; 
second, 1.07; third, 0.66; fourth, 0.34. Pro- 
notum, length 0.54, width at base 1.03. 
General color pale greenish testaceous, pro- 
notum distinctly green, calli yellowish; hem- 
elytra somewhat translucent, membrane and 
veins uniformly pale fumate. Legs pale, 
hind femora with a double row of prominent 
black spots; knees, tibial spines, and large 
spots at base of spines, black. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.40, width 1.34. Form 
and coloration similar to those of male. 

Host PLant.—Specimens were taken in 
Illinois on red birch (Betula nigra). 

Known Disrripution.—Previously 
known only from Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Record.—Harrispurc: June 25, 
1932, on Betula nigra, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
Delt Or 


Plagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter 
= Plagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter (1912a, p. 

Ne 

Mare.—Length 4.60, width 1.70; pale 
greenish and yellowish brown; clothed with 
pale yellowish pubescence, hairs becoming 
dusky on cuneus and apical half of corium 
and embolium. Antennae black, third and 
fourth segments pale fuscous, extreme apex 
of first and second segments pale. Tylus 
black. Basal and apical segments of ros- 
trum almost black. Legs nearly as in chrys- 
anthemi (Wolff) but black spots on femora 
less conspicuous. Membrane fuscous, cen- 
tral area of apical half, veins and area in- 
vading each side, paler. 

FeMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.70; very 
similar to male in coloration, although mem- 
brane, and antennae, slightly 
paler. 


sometimes 


36 Ittinois NATURAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


All but one or two of the Illinois speci- 
mens are darker than the typical form, with 
a brown band developed across the basal 
half of the pronotum and the apical half of 
the clavus. These belong to the variety 
nubilus Knight (1923d, p. 444). 

Foop PLANT.—Several specimens were 
taken in Illinois on ragweed (Ambrosia 
Spar 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massa- 
chusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and 
19 females, taken Aug. 10 to Oct. 6, are 
from Algonquin, Carbondale, Charleston, 
Elizabethtown, Havana, Jonesboro, 
Mounds, Oakwood, Rockford, Sparland, 
Urbana. 


Plagiognathus salicicola Knight 


Plagiognathus salicicola Knight (19294, p. 
69). 

This species is suggestive of delicatus 
(Uhler) but is easily distinguished by its 
larger size and black markings; the cuneus 
is black with pale margins. 

Matve.—Length 4.10, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.83, vertex 0.33. Rostrum extending 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.27; second, 1.09, pale, base 
and apex black; third, 0.77; fourth, 0.45. 
Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 1.26. 
Clothed with pale to yellowish simple pubes- 
cence. General color black; anterior margin 
of pronotum, disk behind calli, lower half 
of propleura, scutellum except at base, areas 
along claval suture and radial vein, embo- 
lium, all margins of cuneus, sides of ster- 
num, epimera, and apical area of genital seg- 
ment, pale to yellowish. Legs pale, with two 
rows of spots on femora; apex of inner face 
of femora, knees, spots and spines on tibiae, 
black. 

FemMaLe.—Length 3.90, width 1.70; very 
similar to male in pubescence and coloration, 
but with pale areas on dorsum broader. 

The fuscous markings on the dorsum vary 
considerably in intensity and size; the ex- 
tremely light form, in which these markings 
are very indistinct, is referable to the variety 


depallens Knight (19298, p. 70). 


Foop Piant.—Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). 
Known Distrisution.—lIllinois, Indi- 


ana, lowa, Minnesota. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Illinois Records.—ALton: July 19-21, 
1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Dozier, 29. 
ANNA: June 6, 1884, 19. SAVANNA: July 
23, 1892, on sandbar in Mississippi River, 
McElfresh, Hart & Forbes, 59; July 
25, 1892, from sandy island in Mississippi 
River, McElfresh, Hart, Shiga & Forbes, 
14,59; July 26, 1892, along railroad in 
bottomlands, McElfresh, Hart & Forbes, 
19; July 27, 1892, at light and sugar, Mc- 
Elfresh, Shiga, Forbes & Hart, 1¢, 19; 
Aug. 1, 1892, from willow, F. M. McEl- 
fresh, 1 ¢@. West Union: June 26, 1932, 
on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 22. 


Plagiognathus rosicola Knight 


Knight (1923d, p. 


Plagiognathus rosicola 


This species is fulvo-testaceous, with the 
antennae, tylus, sternum, and prominent 
spots on the femora, black; the rostrum 
reaches to the middle of the venter. 

Mave.—Length 4.30, width 1.64. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.33. Antennae black; 
first segment, length 0.31; second, 1.42; 
third, 1.00; fourth, 0.44. Pronotum, length 
0.66, width at base, 1.22. Color fulvo-testa- 
ceous to fusco-brownish, clothed with yel- 
lowish or golden pubescence; scutellum 
slightly darker than pronotum, disk of cu- 
neus darker. Legs pale yellow and tinged 
with brown, femora with two rows of very 
prominent black spots on anterior face; 
tibiae with large and prominent black spots 
at base of spines. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.70; more 
robust than male, but very similar in colora- 
tion. 

Foop PLANtT.—Wild rose (Rosa sp.). 

Known DistripuTion.—lllinois, Kansas, 
Maryland, Missouri. 

Illinois Record.—Monrticetto: July 19, 
1932 7. HC Prison, ae 


Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee) 


Psallus albatus Van Duzee (1915, p. 116). 

Aputts.—Length 4.20, width 1.40. Gen- 
eral color whitish. Tylus, basal segment of 
antennae, more or less broad area at lateral 
margins of pronotal disk, inner half of 
clavus, subapical spot on corium or, in 
darker specimens, spot covering apical half 
of corium, sternum and venter, black. Calli 
and second antennal segment frequently 
vellowish. Membrane pale, a distinct fus- 


September, 1941 


cous ray along margin just beyond clear spot 
at tip of cuneus. Hind femora with a group 
of black spots on apical half, sometimes with 
a subdorsal row of spots extending over 
basal half. Tibiae with small and sometimes 
indistinct spots at bases of spines; female 
with pale areas broader than those of male. 

The variety vittiscutis Knight (1923d, 
p. 445) differs from the typical in having 
the apical half of the cuneus black; it has 
not yet been collected in Illinois. It occurs 
on butternut (Juglans cinerea). 

Foop PLant.—Sycamore (Platanus occi- 
dentalis) ; specimens were also taken on 
walnut (Juglans nigra). 

Known DistrinuTion.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, 
Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, 
New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Quebec. 

Illinois Records.—F orty-seven males and 
49 females, taken June 13 to Aug. 9, are 
from Alton, Ashley, Danville, Dolson, 
Eichorn, Herod, Kansas, Monticello, Oak- 
wood, Putnam, Rockford, Urbana, Vienna. 


Plagiognathus similis Knight 
Plagiognathus albatus var. similis Knight 
(1923d, p. 445). 

The coloration of this form is suggestive 
of albatus (Van Duzee), but it may be dis- 
tinguished by the black base of its second 
antennal segment and the two rows of black 
spots on the hind femora. 

Mave.—Length 3.90, width 1.38. Head 
width 0.78, vertex 0.30. Rostrum extending 
almost to hind margin of posterior coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.23; second, 
1.08; third, 0.72; fourth, 0.43. Pronotum, 
length 0.62, width at base 1.14. General 
color black, varied with pale; scutellum pale, 
with a rather broad, black, median line; 
hemelytra pale, inner half of clavus, apical 
half of corium and area invading embolium, 
black; cuneus pale, translucent, apical half 
black. Legs pale yellow; hind femora with 
two rows of black spots, anterior pairs with 
three or four spots forming a line; tibial 
spines black with prominent black spot 
around base of each. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.50; very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 

Foop PLant.—Red birch (Betula nigra). 
Taken also on alder (Alnus) in Michigan 
and on birch in Maryland. 

Illinois Records——EicHorn: June 24, 
1932, Hicks Branch, on Betula nigra, Ross, 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripae, OF ILLINOIS 37 


Dozier & Park, 1¢. GaLeNna: June 30, 
1932, on Betula nigra, Dozier & Mohr, 
26,39. Harrispurc: June 25, 1932, on 
Betula nigra, Ross, Dozier & Park, 202, 
249; June 15, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Plagiognathus fulvidus Knight 
Plagiognathus fulvidus Knight (1923d, p. 
47). 


Known from Connecticut, Maryland, 
New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio. 


Plagiognathus delicatus (Uhler) 


Psallus delicatus Uhler (18874, p. 34). 

Apu tts.—Length 3.30, width 1.40. Gen- 
eral color reddish yellow to brownish. First 
antennal segment except extreme tip, and a 
ring at base of second segment, dark fus- 
cous; front of head more or less dark either 
side of median line. Hemelytra, sternum 
and abdomen shaded with fuscous, some- 
times basal margins of calli quite dark; 
scutellum yellowish, usually with basal 
angles dark, thus leaving a median pale line; 
membrane lightly shaded with fuscous; 
cuneus with area near middle and spot on 
either side adjacent to apex clear. Legs 
pale yellow to fulvous, with two rows of 
spots on femora; tibial spines and spots 
around their bases, and apex of tarsi and 
claws, black. 

Host PLant.—Honey locust (Gleditsia 
triacanthos). 


Known Dristrrinsution.—lIllinois, Indi- 
ana, Iowa, Missouri, New York, Ohio, 


Pennsylvania, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—ELIZABETHTOWN: 
Miay 27-3) 1932) Eb b.Doztér, laue9e: 
GRAND Tower: May 12, 1932, Frison, Ross 
& Mohr, 184, 119. Urpana: June 7, 
1916, on tree trunk, 19; June 9, 1916, on 
tree trunk, 19; June 27, 1917, on tree 
trunks 72; Junes!, 19353, Fie sb Rosse 1-9. 


Plagicgnathus gleditsiae Knight 


Plagiognathus gleditsiae Knight (1929d, 


p= 209): 

This species is allied to delicatus (Uhler), 
but is distinguished by its broader head and 
shorter rostrum; the scutellum is black with 
a median pale line, and the frons has a quad- 
rate black spot on either side of the median 
line. 


Mace.—Length 3.00, width 1.17. Head 


38 Ittinors NaturaL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum reaching 
only to middle of sternum. Antennae dark 
fuscous to black; first segment, length 0.17; 
second, 0.78, third, 0.39; fourth, 0.22. Pro- 
notum, length 0.52, width at base 1.04. Gen- 
eral color dark fuscous to black; vertex, 
median line of frons, median line and lateral 
margins of pronotal disk, claval suture, and 
base of cuneus, straw colored to yellowish. 
Legs straw colored to yellowish, femora 
dusky but with small, darker spots showing 
through; tibial spines and spots around their 
bases black. Body clothed with fine, short, 
pale to dusky pubescence. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.29. Rath- 
er similar to male in form and pubescence, 
but color much paler; pronotum yellowish 
with only calli black; frons with quadrate 
black spot on either side; median line of 
scutellum pale; hemelytra pale yellowish 
with fuscous confined to inner angles of 
clavus and apical half of corium, and with 
cuneus uniformly pale. 

Foop PLant.—Honey locust (Gleditsia 
triacanthos). 

Known  DisrrisuTion.— Illinois and 
Texas. 

Illinois Records. — Dotson: June 25, 
1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 9. 
FouNTAIN BiuFF: May 15, 1932, Frison, 
Ross & Mohr, 1 ¢. Granp Tower: May 
12, 1932, Frison, Ross & Mohr, 59 ; May 
12, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 ¢@. MaxKkanpa: 
Giant City State Park, May 21, 1932, H. 
L. Dozier, 19. 


Plagiognathus caryae Knight 


Plagiognathus caryae Knight (1923d, p. 448). 

Occurs on hickory (Carya ovata) and 
pecan (C. illinoensis). Not yet taken in 
Illinois; known from Mississippi, New York 
and ‘Texas. 


Plagiognathus repletus Knight 
Plagiognathus repletus Knight 
449), 

This species is suggestive of albatus var. 
vittiscutis Knight but has the rostrum dis- 
tinctly shorter. 

Mave.—Length 3.70, width 1.25. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum extending 
only to middle of intermediate coxae. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.26; second, 1.10 
third, 0.69; fourth, 0.34. Pronotum, length 
0.56, width at base 1.10; black; area occupy- 


(19234, p. 


Vol. 22, Agta 


ing center of disk and extending between 
calli, pale yellowish. Scutellum yellowish; 
median line black. Hemelytra black; basal 
one-third of corium, embolium and cuneus, 
yellowish, translucent; membrane fuscous, 
veins paler. Clothed with simple yellowish 
pubescence. Legs yellowish; hind femora 
brownish on apical half except at extreme 
apex; two rows of black spots on anterior 
face; front and middle femora showing only 
three or four spots. 

FEemMALe.—Length 3.90, width 1.40; more 
robust than male and rather similar in col- 
oration, but frequently with the pale areas 
broader. Very pale specimens may fail to 
show dark line on scutellum. 

The variety apicatus Knight (1923d, p. 
449) is generally darker on the dorsum than 
is the typical form; repletus apicatus has 
not been collected in Illinois. 

Foop PLants.—Walnut (Juglans nigra) 
and butternut (Juglans cinerea). 

Known DistrisutTion.—Connecticut, I[I- 
linois, lowa, New York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and 
36 females, taken June 5 to July 17, are 
from Alton, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, 
Grand Detour, Hardin, Harvard, Marshall, 
Monticello, Palos Park. 


Plagiognathus davisi Knight 


Plagiognathus davisi Knight (1923d, p. 452). 
Known from Iowa and New York, but 
not yet taken in Illinois. 


Plagiognathus cornicola Knight 


Plagiognathus cornicola Knight (1923d, p. 
50). 


The general coloration of this species is 
fusco-brownish or ligneous with the calli 
darker; the second antennal segment is 
fusco-brownish and black at the base. 

Matre.—Length 3.40, width 1.24. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.32. Rostrum reaching 
near hind margin of middle coxae. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.21; second, 0.82; 
fusco-brownish to fuscous, black at base; 
third, 0.60; fourth, 0.34. Pronotum, length 
0.54, width at base 1.10. General color 
fusco-brownish or ligneous, somewhat trans- 
lucent on hemelytra; cuneus evenly colored 
like corium; membrane fuscous, veins pale 
brownish. Body clothed with yellowish to 
golden pubescence. Legs fusco-brownish to 
black; tip of femora pale; tibial spines with 


September, 1941 


prominent black spots around the base of 
each. 

FremMaLe.—Length 3.10, width 1.33; slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in coloration. 

Foop PLants.—Dogwoods (Cornus amo- 
mum and C. stricta). 

Known DistripuTION—Illinois, Massa- 
chusetts, New York, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—FRANKForRT: June 8, 
1933, Mohr & Townsend, 14, 19. Sr. 
WosepH: June 17, 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 2. 
Ursana: June 20, 1932, T. H. Frison, 4 6, 
Be 


Plagiognathus laricicola Knight 


Plagiognathus laricicola Knight (1923d, p. 
452). 


This species is black, with fuscous legs; 
small black spots show through the obscura- 
tion on the legs; the body is clothed with yel- 
lowish and dusky pubescence. 

Mavre.—Length 3.90, width 1.40. Head 
width 0.66, vertex 0.33. Rostrum reaching to 
middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.27; second, 1.03, fusco-brown- 
ish with black at base; third, 0.66; fourth, 
0.36. Pronotum, length 0.55, width at base 
1.11. Body fuscous black; base of cuneus 
scarcely paler than corium. Legs dark fus- 
cous; small black dots visible on anterior 
and posterior faces of femora; tibiae fuscous, 
but black setigerous spots showing through 
infuscation. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.55; more 
ovate and robust than male, but very similar 
in coloration. 

Foop Prant.—Larch (Larix laricina). 

Known DistriputTion. — Canada, IIli- 
nois, Maine, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records—ANTIocH: July 5-7, 
1932, on Larix, Frison et al., 444, 789. 
Granp Detour: July 2, 1932, Dozier & 
Mohr, 19. 


Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight 

Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight (1923d, 
p. 450). 

This species is black, with the second 
antennal segment biack at base, pale beyond; 
the legs are yellowish, and the hind femora 
have two rows of black spots on each anter- 
ior face. 

Mate.—Length 3.80, width 1.70. Head 
width 0.72, vertex 0.37. Rostrum reaching 


Kwnicut: PiLant Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 39 


middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.25; second, 0.97; third, 0.66; 
fourth, 0.39. Pronotum, length 0.67, width 
at base 1.28. Body black, moderately shin- 
ing, clothed with pale yellowish pubescence ; 
cuneus uniformly black, scarcely translucent 
at base. Legs pale yellowish to fulvous; hind 
femora with two rows of prominent black 
spots on anterior faces; tibial spines with 
rather small black spots around bases. 

FemMALeE.—Length 3.70, width 1.70; slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in coloration. 

Foop PLant.— Black walnut (Juglans 
nigra). A single Illinois specimen was taken 
on apple. 

Known DistriputTion.—lIllinois, Michi- 
gan, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Illinois Records.—Twenty-six males and 
28 females, taken May 27 to July 6, are from 
Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Hardin, 
Kampsville, Keithsburg, Urbana, Warsaw, 
White Heath, White Pines Forest State 
Park, Zion. 


Plagiognathus dispar Knight 

Plagiognathus punctatipes var. dispar Kright 
(1923d, p. 451). 

This species is smaller and more slender 
than punctatipes Knight; the two are very 
similar in coloration, but dispar has a nar- 
row, pale area at base of cuneus. This 
species was originally described as a variety 
of punctatipes Knight, but more recent ex- 
amination of the genital characters reveals 
a distinct difference in structure of the left 
genital clasper. 

Matce.—Length 3.50, width 1.28. Head 
width 0.67, vertex 0.31. Rostrum reaching 
middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.22; second, 0.90, yellow with 
narrow black area at base; third, 0.58; 
fourth, 0.36. Pronotum, length 0.53, width 
at base 1.06. Body black, moderately shin- 
ing; base of cuneus yellowish, translucent. 
Legs straw colored to yellow; hind femora 
with two rows of fuscous spots on anterior 
face and a group of five or six spots on pos- 
terior surface near apex; tibiae with very 
small fuscous spots around base of spines. 

FemMALe.—Length 3.30, width 1.39; slight- 
ly more robust than male but very similar 
in coloration. 

The cuneus varies considerably in color; 
specimens in which it tends to be entirely, 


40 Ittinots NaturAaL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


rather than partly, black belong to the va- 
riety crataegi Knight (1929d, p. 264). 

Foop Priants.—Hickory (Carya_ sp.), 
hawthorn (Crataegus sp.); Illinois speci- 
mens were taken also on ash (Fraxinus sp.). 

Known  DistrisuTIONn. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Michigan, New England, New York. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and 
67 females, taken May 31 to July 4, are 
from Champaign, Dixon, Frankfort, Ha- 
vana, Joliet, Lacon, Sparland, Urbana, 
White Pines Forest State Park. 


Plagiognathus suffuscipennis Knight 


Plagiognathus suffuscipennis Knight (1923d, 
p. 454). 

This species is distinguished by its trans- 
lucent, pale yellowish brown hemelytra; the 
second antennal segment is pale yellowish 
brown, darker at the base. 

Mare.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.68, vertex 0.36. Rostrum reaching 
hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.23; second, 0.81; third, 0.54; fourth, 0.36. 
Pronotum, length 0.45, width at base 0.98. 
Body blackish brown; pubescence yellowish 
to dusky; scutellum black; cuneus uniformly 
translucent yellowish brown like corium. 
Legs yellowish testaceous; femora with two 
series of fuscous dots on anterior face and a 
group of six or eight spots on apical half of 
posterior face. 

FemMALE.—Length 3.20, width 1.37; very 
similar to male in coloration, but more ro- 
bust in form. 

Foop PLant.—Spruce (Picea mariana). 

Known DistrisutTion.—lIllinois, Maine, 
Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records.—AntiocH: July 5-7, 
1932, Frison et al., 19. GALENA: June 30, 
1932, on spruce, Dozier & Mohr, 102,89. 
KeEITHsBuURG: June 15, 1932, on spruce, H. 
L. Dozier, 64,89. 


Plagiognathus guttulosus (Reuter) 


Psallus guttulosus Reuter (1876, p. 89). 

This species is distinguished by its pale 
color and its numerous reddish brown dots. 
It has been placed in the genus Psallus up 
to the present time, but the possession of a 
single type of simple pubescence refers it to 
Plagiognathus. 

Matve.—Length 3.00, width 1.20. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching 
posterior margins of hind coxae. Antennae, 


Vol. 2 eared 


first segment, length 0.21; second, 0.99; 
thickness equal to that of first segment; 
third, 0.34; fourth, 0.26. Pronotum, length 
0.52, width at base 0.99. Body pale, thickly 
dotted with reddish brown to dusky brown 
points; calli shaded brown; median line of 
pronotal disk paler. Body clothed with pale 
to yellowish simple pubescence. Legs pale; 
femora thickly dotted with brown, hind pair 
darker; tibial spines pale, but with black 
dot around base of each. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Foop PLant.—Oak (Quercus sp.) 

Known DistrisuTtion. — Florida, 
nois, Mississippi, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—CHAMPAIGN: June 6, 
1888, at electric light, 1 ¢. Dusois: May 
21, 1917, 14; May 22,1917 see 


Illi- 


Plagiognathus repetitus Knight 
Plagiognathus repetitus Knight (1923d, p. 
53). 


Breeds on cranberry (Vaccinium) in 
Massachusetts. Not yet collected in Illinois, 
but occurs in Massachusetts, Michigan, 
New Jersey, New York. 


Rhinocapsus Uhler 


No Illinois species; Rhinocapsus vandu- 
zeei Uhler occurs from New England west 
to Michigan and south to North Carolina. 


Microphylellus Reuter 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Hemelytra more or less pale; embo- 
lium, cuneus and basal half of 
corium almost colorless or yellow- 
ish; scutellum light, with median 
line black: .:...... 7-2. 2 


2. Second antennal segment and femora 
uniformly pales... aes macu- 
lipennis var. maculipennis, p. 41 

Second antennal segment dark brown 
to black, femora with fuscous dots. 


lipennis var. fuscicornis, p. 41 
3. Second antennal segment black, first 
segment pale on apical half....... 

Bs oi tag a ee nigricornis, p. 41 
Second antennal segment pale, or 

fuscous/at base only... 2s 4 


September, 1941 


4. Length of second antennal segment 
less than width of pronotum at base 5 

Length of second antennal segment 

equal to or greater than width of 
Mronotumat basez . cn 6. eec4cs 7 

5. First antennal segment yellowish, 

fuscous at base only; femora usually 

with fuscous dots on anterior face 

although these at times absent; 


leneth. 3.30. 2. s0.. modestus, p. 41 
First antennal segment black, or 
AR OGURIC ETS Saree Alte tee ar aed Aeecraeaes 6 


6. Smaller, length 2.60—2.80; rostrum not 
extending beyond hind margins of 
muddile,cOXAes. 2.6 ws tsugae, p. 42 

Larger, length 3.30; rostrum nearly 
attaining hind margins of posterior 
coxae..........tumidifrons, p. 42 

. Rostrum long, extending beyond hind 
coxae, reaching to near middle of 
venter; hind femora uniformly pale 
wellowish........+. longirostris, p. 42 

Rostrum shorter, reaching only to 
middle of hind coxae; hind femora 
with fuscous spots on anterior face. 

» Sat 3 ee ee ere elongatus, p. 42 


~I 


Microphylellus modestus Reuter 


Microphylellus modestus Reuter (1912a, p. 
2). 


Aputts.—Length 3.30-3.50, width 1.30. 
Body ligneous black. Antennae and legs yel- 
lowish; first antennal segment fuscous at 
base, dark area sometimes extended from 
base toward middle. Hind femora usually 
with three or four fuscous dots near dorsal 
margin on anterior face, although these spots 
are frequently indistinct. Hemelytra mostly 
black, with membrane fuscous; apex ot 
cuneus slightly paler, and veins pale fuscous. 

Host PLants.—Elm (Ulmus) and white 
oak (Quercus alba). In Illinois, specimens 
have been taken also on hazelnut (Corylus 
americana), hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) 
and hickory (Carya sp.). On elm the bugs 
are found most frequently among leaves 
curled by aphids, where they feed to some 
extent on honeydew. I have observed this 
species feeding on eggs of the elm leaf beetle, 
Galerucella luteola Mullsant. 

Known Distrisution. — From Minne- 
sota to Texas and in all states eastward. 

Illinois Records.—Fifty-one males and 
57 females, taken May 23 to July 6, are 
from Algonquin, Dolson, Elizabethtown, 
Frankfort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, 


KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 4] 


Grand Detour, Hardin, Havana, Homer, 
Keithsburg, Maywood, Meredosia, Monti- 
cello, Mounds, Rockford, Rogers, Savanna, 
Ullin, Urbana, Waukegan, White Heath, 
White Pines Forest State Park, Willow 
Springs, Zion. 


Microphylellus nigricornis Knight 


Microphylellus nigricornis Knight (1923d, 
p. 457). 

Not yet collected in Illinois: known to 
occur in Minnesota, New York, Ontario. 


It breeds on aster (Aster macrophyllus). 


Microphylellus maculipennis Knight 


Microphylellus maculipennis Knight (1923d, 
p. 456). 

This is similar in size to modestus Reuter, 
but is distinguished by having pale markings 
on the dorsum. 

Matce.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Head 
black, width 0.69; vertex pale, 0.33. Ros- 
trum yellowish, dark at base and apex and 
reaching hind margins of middle coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.30, yellow, 
fuscous at base; second, 0.86, yellow, fuscous 
at base and dusky at apex; third, 0.47, yel- 
lowish with dusky tinge; fourth, 0.33, pale 
fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.55, width at 
base 1.11; black, moderately shining; cen- 
tral area of disk and basal angles pale to 
yellowish; clothed with fine, yellowish pubes- 
cence. Scutellum pale yellowish; rather 
broad median line of scutellum and mesoscu- 
tum black. Hemelytra mostly black; with 
embolium, cuneus, and basal half of corium, 
usually straw colored to yellow but some- 
times distinctly reddish; membrane fuscous, 
paler bordering apex of cuneus, veins pale 
only at apex of areoles. Legs pale to yel- 
lowish; basal half of hind coxae and tips of 
tarsi fuscous. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.40, width 1.39; slight- 
ly more robust than male but very similar in 
coloration. 

A form of this species having the antennae 
very dark, almost black, rather than light is 
known only from Maine; it has been de- 
scribed as maculipennis fuscicornis Knight 


(1923d, p. 457). 


Foop PLant.— White oak (Quercus 
alba). 
Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, Iowa, 


Maine, Minnesota, Texas. 
Illinois Records.—FRANKForT: June 8, 


42 Ittinors Natura History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


1933, Mohr & Townsend, 19. KEITHS- 
BURG: June 8, 1932, Ross & Mohr, 16. 
Mounps: May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 
69. Ursana: May 28, 1934, Crystal Lake 
Park, Ross & Mohr, 1 ¢@. Wuitre HEaTtH: 
Miay 29, 1935, H: Hi. Ross, bo 


Microphylellus tsugae Knight 


Microphylellus tsugae Knight (19234, p. 456). 
Known only from New York; breeds on 
hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). 


Microphylellus elongatus Knight 


Microphylellus 
p. 458). 

This species is larger and longer than 
modestus Reuter; the length of the second 
antennal segment is equal to the width of the 
pronotum at its base. 

Matce.—Length 4.00, width 1.44. Head 
width 0.68; vertex 0.33; head black, slightly 
paler at base of vertex. Rostrum reaching 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.28, yellowish, fuscous at 
base; second, 1.19, yellow, sometimes slightly 
dusky at base; third, 0.77, yellowish; fourth, 
0.33, yellowish. Pronotum, length 0.62, 
width at base 1.16; black, pubescence pale 
to dusky. Scutellum, sternum and pleura 
black. Hemelytra black, strongly shining; 
emboliar margins nearly straight; pubes- 
cence pale to dusky. Legs straw colored to 
yellow; bases of hind and middle coxae, and 
tips of tarsi, black; hind femora with a row 
of fuscous spots on anterior face near dorsal 
margin. Venter black, shining. 

FemMALe.—Length 3.80, width 1.40; very 
similar to male. 

Foop PLANT.—Sugar maple (Acer saccha- 
rum). 

Known DistriputTion.—Illinois, Minne- 
sota, New York. 

Illinois Record.—Zion: 
Frison ef al., 14,19. 


Knight (1923d, 


elongatus 


July 6, 1932, 


Microphylellus longirostris Knight 


Microphylellus longirostris Knight (1923d, 
p. 458). 

This species is very similar to elongatus 
Knight, but has the rostrum distinctly 
longer: it extends beyond the hind coxae to 
near the middle of the venter. 

Mave.—Length 3.80, width 1.25. Head 
black, width 0.61; vertex and area border- 


V ol..225) Aired 


ing eyes paler, 0.32. Rostrum reaching to 
middle of venter; yellowish, apex and basal 
segment black. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.28, fuscous at base; second, 1.22, 
yellow; third, 0.86, yellowish to dusky; 
fourth, 0.44, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.64, 
width at base 1.11; black, strongly shining. 
Scutellum and ventral surface black. Hem- 
elytra uniformly black, strongly shining; 
clothed with minute, dusky to black pubes- 
cence; emboliar margins nearly straight. 
Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, 
apex of cuneus scarcely paler. Legs straw 
colored to yellowish, devoid of black spots; 
bases of hind coxae and apices of tarsi fus- 
cous. Venter black, strongly shining. 
FEMALE.—Length 3.90, width 1.34; very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 
Foop PLant.—Hazelnut (Corylus ameri- 
cana); a single specimen was collected on 
hickory (Carya ovata). 
Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, lowa, 
Minnesota, New England, New York. 
Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 
42 females, taken June 3 to July 27, are 
from Algonquin, Antioch, Dolson, Eliza- 
beth, Galena, Galesburg, Grandview, Har- 
din, Monticello, Oregon, Palos Park, White 
Pines Forest State Park. 


Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight 


Microphylellus tumidifrons Knight (1923d, 
p. 455). 


Known only from Nova Scotia. 


Microsynamma Fieber 
Microsynamma bohemanni (Fallen) 


Phytocoris bohemanni Fallen (1829, p. 106). 

This species is distinguished from others 
by its broad, flat vertex with a basal carina. 

Matre.—Length 4.00, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.84, vertex 0.43; vertex flat, basal 
carina distinct, an impressed mark evident 
on either side near eye; head mostly black, 
with juga and a broad area bordering front 
of eyes and sides of vertex, yellowish. 
Rostrum, length 1.51, extending nearly to 
tips of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.23; second, 1.03; third, 0.52; fourth, 
0.30; black. Pronotum, length 0.64, width 
at base 1.21; black, with area between and 
behind calli, and spot on either side in front 
of calli, pallid to yellowish. Dorsum clothed 
with fine, short, yellowish, simple pubes- 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


cence. Hemelytra pallid, translucent; apex 
of cuneus, apical half of corium and embo- 
lium, and clavus except in central area near 
tip of scutellum, dark brown to black; mem- 
brane pale brown, areoles and veins clear 
to yellowish. Legs black; tips of coxae, bases 
and tips of femora, and tibiae except for 
setigerous spots and spines, pale yellowish. 

FEemMALE.—Length 3.80, width 1.62. Head 
width, 0.86, vertex 0.45. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.22; second, 0.92; third, 0.56; 
fourth, 0.39. Pronotum, length 0.62, width 
at base 1.21. More robust than male and 
usually lighter in color. 

Host PLant.—Willow (Salix sp.). 

Known DistripuTion.—British Colum- 
bia, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 
Michigan, Newfoundland, New Jersey, 
New York, Ohio, Oregon, Vermont, Wash- 
ington; Europe. 

Illinois Record.—NorrHERN ILLINOIS: 
ee; 2 


Psallus Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Second antennal segment with four or 
five black spots, fig. 89; membrane 
with a conspicuous black mark on 
margin behind apex of cuneus; dor- 
sum thickly covered with pale fus- 
EOS AOS: 2 sine 2s seriatus, p. 45 

Second antennal segment either black, 
or pale without distinct black spots. 2 


2. Second antennal segment yellowish, 
black only at base. ..amorphae, p. 44 
Second antennal segment black...... 3 


3. Dorsum chiefly red; head, pronotal 
disk and scutellum flecked with 
fuscous; cuneus red with a narrow 
area at base light; length 3.60... .. 

_ ee Seer ee alnicola, p. 44 
Dorsum black o- fuscous, never dis- 
Pimeti. Heckeds vr. . L img 3 u's 4 

4. Femora pale or fulvous, or pale with 
black spots, but without black line 
emadorsalmareins 6... tc ye oe 2 5 

Femora black, or pale to yellowish 
with spots and a dark line on dorsal 
SEINE 2 2 Si 6 

5. Femora uniformly pale or yellowish; 
dorsum uniformly black; length 
2) OO a ners strobicola, p. 45 

Femora fulvous, becoming dusky, with 
one or two black dots on dorsal 


10. 


. Antennae entirely pale, 


PLant Bucs, or Miripae, or ILLINOIS 43 


aspect near apex, hind femora ob- 
scured with fuscous; length 2.60— 
S00 Sas Uae eee bakeri, p. 45 


Length of second antennal segment 
more than three-fourths width of 
pronotum at base. . art oe if 

Length of second Bateenal cae 
less than three-fourths width of 
pronotum a_ base.. Stee Acai 


Scutellum more or fe ale at Elreval 
margins, rarely entirely black; if 
scutellum black, cuneus paler or 
dusky at apex only; cuneus usually 
pale, sometimes slightly infuscated 


at apex; pale areas of legs and 
hemelytra tinged with reddish 
yellows a. «arta. alnicenatus, p. 44 


Scutellum black; cuneus always partly 
black, frequently paler at base; pale 
areas of legs and hemelytra never 
tinged with reddish yellow........ 8 


Rostrum reaching hind margins of 
posterior coxae; hemelytra uniform- 
ly black; femora black with pale 
apices: leagtues.00) phe arrears: 
TSG OME cone SO morrisoni, p. 45 

Rostrum scarcely surpassing hind 
margins of middle coxae.......... 9 


Femora pale, a dark line forming on 
dorsal margin, anterior face with 
black spots and occasionally be- 
coming uniformly dusky; tip of 
embolium and spot on base of cor- 
ium almost colorless; length 4.50. . 
atin SB Mee. Seb. parshleyi, p. 44 

Femora black but with light-colored 
APICES Senger iach Caen nue yee eee: 10 

Length 2.90-3.10; deep black, with 
scalelike, bier white pubescence. 
Ne eae me ey astericola, p. 45 

Length 3.50-4.00; very dark brown, 
hemelytra sparsely clothed with 
silvery, silky hairs intermixed with 
more erect, yellowish pubescence. . 
eR celes tote, arate Nis fuscatus, p. 44 

pubescence 
dusky; legs black; apices of femora 
and tibiae pale, spines with small 
fuscous spots at bases............ 

. .piceicola, p. 44 

Antennae black or at least first seg- 


ment black inteoe eee eee ee ee 12 


. Legs dull yellow brown to dark brown; 


femora sometimes nearly black but 
never paler at apices, always tinged 
with brownish and reddish, hind 


+4 Ittinois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


pair strongly thickened; coxae and 
tibiae dull yellow brown to dark 
brown, more or less tinged with 
PECCIGHG ose) e oper ancorifer, p. 46 
Legs chiefly black; femora more 
slender, black, apices of front and 
middle pairs pale; coxae deep 
black; tibiae very light yellow to 
dull yellow brown, black spots at 
bases of spines... drakei, p. 46 


Psallus parshleyi Knight 


Psallus parshleyi Knight (1923d, p. 465). 

The color aspect of this species is sug- 
gestive ot Plagiognathus obscurus fraternus 
Uhler, but Psallus parshleyi is to be distin- 
guished by the sericeous, semiscalelike pu- 
bescence on its pleura and dorsum. 

Mate.—Length 4.50, width 1.70. Ros- 
trum just reaching hind margins of middle 
coxae. Second antennal segment, length 
1.26. Pronotum, width at base 1.37. Body 
black, basal half of cuneus, tip of embolium, 
and a small translucent spot near base of 
corium, pale. Legs pale yellowish; coxae 
fuscous at base; femora with dark line 
forming above and below on apical half, 
anterior face with three or four spots on 
apical half. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.66; more 
robust than male but very similar in colora- 
tion. 

Foop PLant.—Birch (Betula pumila). 

Known DistripuTion.—lIllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Record.—AnrtiocH: July 5-7, 
1932.-Futson ct ali, 23°, 16:9. 


Psallus fuscatus Knight 


Psallus parshleyi var. 
(1923d, p. 466). 


This species is allied to parshleyi Knight, 
but is distinguished by its smaller size and 
uniformly black femora and hemelytra. 

Mave.—Length 3.70, width 1.40. Ros- 
trum reaching posterior margins of hind 
coxae. Second antennal segment, length 0.95, 
black. Pronotum, width at base 1.08. Body 
sparsely clothed with silvery, silky hairs 
intermixed with more erect yellowish pu- 
bescence. Body black, paler areas appearing 
very dark brown, cuneus uniformly black 
like corium. Legs black, tips of femora and 
tibiae yellowish, tibial spines with prominent 
black spots at bases. 


Knight 


fuscatus 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


FEeMALE.—Length 3.30, width 1.40; very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 
Host PLrant.—Alder (Alnus rugosa). 


Known  DistrisutTion. — Illinois and 
Minnesota. 
Illinois Records. — Dotson: June 25, 


1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1¢@. 
EicHorn: June 24, 1932, on Alnus rugosa, 
Ross, Dozier & Park, 62, 109; June 13, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 24,12. 


Psallus amorphae Knight 


Psallus amorphae Knight (19304, p. 125). 

This species is black, with the second an- 
tennal segment yellow except at the base. 

Aputts.—Length 3.00—-3.20, width 1.20— 
1.30. Rostrum extending to hind margins of 
middle coxae. Second antennal segment, 
length 0.87, yellow, black at base; pronotum, 
width at base 0.99. Body black, dorsum 
and sides clothed with rather closely ap- 
pressed silvery, silky to scalelike pubescence. 

Foop PLants.— Lead plant (Amorpha 
canescens and A. fruticosa). 

Known DistripuTion.—Previously 
known only from Iowa and Minnesota. 

Illinois Records.—Granp Detour: July 
2, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 59. Movunps: 
May 23, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 ¢. Oouaw- 
KA: June 13, 1932, H: L. Dozier e222 
STARVED Rock STATE Park: July 14, 1932, 
Dozier & Park, 19. 


Psallus alnicola Douglas & Scott 


Psallus alnicola Douglas and Scott (1865, 
p. 414). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Colo- 
rado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, New 
Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Washing- 
ton; Europe. Breeds on alder (Alnus rugo- 
sa) in cool, humid surroundings. 


Psallus alnicenatus Knight 


Psallus alnicenatus Knight (1923d, p. 466). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Michi- 
gan, Minnesota and New York. 


Psallus piceicola Knight 


Psallus piceicola Knight (1923d, p. 469). 

This species is very dark brown, almost 
black; the hemelytra are more brownish 
than the rest of the dorsum, and the anten- 
nae and base of the cuneus are pale. 


September, 1941 


Mate.—Length 3.00, width 1.08. Head 
width 0.60, vertex at basal margin 0.34, 
narrowest point on front 0.27; strongly in- 
clined vertically. Rostrum extending behind 
posterior coxae. Antennae with first seg- 
ment pale; second, 0.66 in length, pale with 
dusky tinge. Pronotum, width at base 0.91. 
Hemelytra fusco-brownish to black, base of 
cuneus pale; clothed with golden to dusky 
pubescence intermixed with more closely 
appressed, silvery, woolly pubescence. Legs 
very dark brown, apices of femora and tibiae 
pale; tibial spines black, a fuscous spot at 
base of each. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.90, width 1.30; more 
robust than male, but very similar in colora- 
tion; hemelytra usually more brownish. 

Foop PLaAnt.—Spruce (Picea sp.). 

Known Distrisution.—lllinois, Minne- 
sota, New York. 

Illinois Record—AnNriocH: July 5-7, 
1932, on spruce, Frison et al.,23,29. 


Psallus strobicola Knight 


Psallus strobicola Knight (1923d, p. 467). 

This species is very dark fuscous, almost 
black; the antennae and the legs, except for 
the coxae, are yellow; the body is clothed 
with closely appressed, silvery, silky pubes- 
cence. 

Mave.—Length 3.50, width 1.33. Head 
width 0.72, vertex 0.33 measured across pos- 
terior corners of eyes; black; eyes reddish 
brown. Rostrum, length 1.25, reaching hind 
margins of posterior coxae, yellow, basal 
segment black. Antennae yellow; first seg- 
ment, length 0.17; second, 0.97; third, 0.62; 
fourth, 0.39, slightly dusky. Pronotum, 
length 0.53, width at base 1.08. Hemelytra 
uniformly very dark fuscous; clothed with 
closely appressed, silvery, silky pubescence 
intermixed with more erect dark pubescence 
similar to that of the pronotum and scutel- 
lum; emboliar margins very slightly arcu- 
ate; membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, 
border of cuneus not perceptibly paler. Legs 
yellow, coxae almost black except at apex; 
tibial spines black without dark spots at 
bases. 

FemaLe.—Length 3.10, width 1.36; more 
robust than male, but otherwise very similar. 

Foop PLant.—Pine (Pinus strobus). 

Known DistrispuTion.—lllinois, Minne- 
sota, New York, Ohio, Quebec. 

Illinois Records. — GALENA: June 30, 
1932, on Pinus strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 


KwnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripasz, or ILLINOIS 45 


34,49. KeEIrHsBurRG: June 15, 1932, H. 
L. Dozier, 18, 49. Mount Carro_v: 
June 15, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Frison & 
Mohr, 2¢,19. Ursana: June 11, 1915, 
19. Wuute Pines Forest STATE Park: 
July 4, 1932, on grasses, Dozier & Mohr, 
12g; July 4, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Dozier 
& Mohr, 29. 


Psallus astericola Knight 


Psallus astericola Knight (19304, p. 125). 

Known only from Iowa. Breeds on prairie 
aster (Aster sericeus), which grows only on 
undisturbed, native prairie. 


Psallus morrisoni Knight 


Psallus morrisoni Knight (1923d, p. 464). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Mas- 
sachusetts, Minnesota, New York. 


Psallus bakeri (Bergroth) 


Agalliastes signatus Uhler (1895, p. 55). Pre- 
occupied. 
Chlamydatus bakeri Bergroth (1898, p. 35). 


This species has previously been placed in 
the genus Chlamydatus, but its two types of 
pubescence, its longer antennae, and the 
form of its pseudarolia place it in Psallus. 

Apu.ts.—Length 2.60—2.90. General col- 
or fuscous to black, two spots on vertex and 
frequently base of cuneus paler. Legs yel- 
lowish to dusky yellow; hind femora fre- 
quently dark fuscous; femora with two or 
three black dots on dorsal surface before 
apex; tibiae pale, spines black with a prom- 
inent black spot at base of each. Clothed 
with pale, simple hairs intermixed on dor- 
sum with some silky, silvery pubescence. 

Foop PLant.— Sage brush (Artemisia 
Spar 

Known’ Distriputrion.— Occurs  fre- 
quently in the states west of the Mississippi 
River. 

Illinois Records.—Granp Detour: July 
12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 3¢, 29. ORE- 
GON: July 4, 1932, on Artemisia canadensis, 
Dozier & Mohr, 104, 339. RockrTon: 
July 5, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 29. 


Psallus seriatus (Reuter) 


Atomoscelis seriatus Reuter (1876, p. 91). 
This is the well-known cotton flea hopper, 
distinguished by its pale color, the black 


46 Ittrnors NaturAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


spots on its second antennal segment, and the 
conspicuous black marks on the margin of 
the membrane, fig. 89. 

Mace.—Length 3.10, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.34. Rostrum reaching 


Fig. 89.— Psallus seriatus, 2. 


behind posterior coxae to third ventral seg- 
ment. Antennae, first segment, 0.17, pale, a 
group of three setigerous black spots before 
apex, some of which form narrow annula- 
tions; second, 0.82, pale, with four or five 
conspicuous black spots on dorsal aspect. 
Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.09; 
pale, finely dotted with fuscous. Hemelytra 
pale, dotted with small and a few larger 
fuscous spots. Dorsum clothed with simple 
fuscous hairs intermixed with deciduous, 
silvery scalelike pubescence which in part is 
arranged in tufts at posterior edge of larger 
fuscous spots; roughly handled specimens or 
old living adults may lose pubescence. Mem- 
brane clear and shaded with fuscous; a clear 
spot surrounding black mark on margin be- 
hind cuneus; veins white. Legs pale; femora 
dotted with fuscous; tibiae with two rows 
of black spines, each with a prominent black 
spot around base. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.80, width 1.40; slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in color and pubescence. 

Host PLants.—The nymphs and adults 
feed on the tiny flower buds of cotton just 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


as they appear, causing the buds to drop. 
The wild hosts of this insect may be several 
herbaceous weeds, but the preferred food 
plants appear to be several species of Croton, 
especially C. texensis. In Illinois, specimens 
have been taken on snowberry (Symphori- 
carpos orbiculatus), horse mint (Monarda 
punctata) and daisy (Chrysanthemum sp.), 
as well as on cotton and Croton capitatus. 

Known DistripuTion.—Psallus seriatus 
is known from all the southern states and 
ranges northward into Nebraska and Colo- 
rado and westward into Arizona and south- 
ern California. Its range coincides rather 
closely with the distribution of the various 
species of Croton. 

Illinois Records.— One hundred one 
males and 57 females, taken June 15 to 
Sept. 6, are from Centralia, Fulton, Gol- 
conda, Harrisburg, Havana, Keithsburg, 
Meredosia, Metropolis, Patoka, St. Anne. 


Psallus ancorifer (Fieber) 


Apucremnus ancorifer Fieber (1859, p. 336). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
New York and Pennsylvania. 


Psallus drakei Knight 


Psallus drakei Knight (1923d, p. 464). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
Colorado and New York. 


Lepidopsallus Knight 
KEY TO SPEGMs 


1. Rostrum extending beyond posterior 


COXd€.. 5.2... 2 
Rostrum not extending beyond pos- 
terlor coxae......:.. . 2a 3 


i) 


First and second antennal segments 
pale yellowish; sides of venter with- 
out scalelike pubescence.......... 

PES er ra Era TS. claricornis, p. 47 

Fi-st antennal segment black, base of 
second dusky; sides of venter and 
pleura bearing scalelike pubescence 
Dre ted ieee eae ten rostratus, p. 47 

3. First antennal segment pale yellow.. 4 

First antennal segment very dark 
brown or black! ...= 7. A. eee 5 


4. First antennal segment short, second 
segment six times as long as first 
segment; reddish color dominant, 


September, 1941 


darkest forms brownish red....... 
REE 25) elon coat miniatus, p. 47 
First antennal segment longer, second 
segment four times as long as first 
segment; color brown to fuscous, 


never reddish......... nyssae, p. 48 
5. Combined lengths of third and fourth 
antennal segments greater than 


length of second segment; second 
antennal segment thickened in 
both sexes, cylindrical and as thick 
as first segment; black, length 2.60 
A ara minusculus, p. 47 
Combined lengths of third and fourth 
antennal segments less than or 
scarcely equal to length of second 
segment; second antennal segment 
more slender in female, distinctly 
thinner on basal half and not so 
faek as first segment...) ..-...... 6 


6. Color uniformly black; second an- 
tennal segment always black; scale- 
like pubescence silvery white...... 
ees, - rubidus var. atricolor, p. 47 

Color black with reddish areas; second 
antennal segment usually light at 
apex, scalelike pubescence yellowish 
see rubidus var. rubidus, p. 47 


Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler) 


Sthenarus rubidus Uhler (1895, p. 41). 

Mave.—Length 3.20, width 1.50; ground 
color black; hemelytra reddish brown with 
fuscous; embolium and cuneus strongly red- 
dish; membrane uniformly fuscous. Body 
clothed with pale yellowish, closely ap- 
pressed, scalelike pubescence intermixed with 
more erect, dusky, simple pubescence. Fem- 
ora fusco-brownish, tinged with reddish; 
tibiae brownish to reddish, beset with prom- 
inent black spines. Antennae fuscous to fer- 
ruginous; first segment, length 0.16; second, 
0.64, its length two-thirds as great as width 
of head, apical three-fourths equal in thick- 
ness to first segment, but more slender on 
basal one-fourth, usually paler on apical 
half; third, 0.36; fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, 
length 0.62, width at base 2.38. 

FEeMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.53; head 
Narrower than in male; second antennal 
segment gradually becoming thicker toward 
apex, but not quite attaining thickness of 
first segment. 

Specimens which are uniformly black in 
color, rather than not quite so, and having 
silvery rather than yellowish pubescence, 


KnicHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripat, or ILLINOIS 47 


have been named rubidus atricolor Knight 
(1923d, p. 472). These were taken in com- 
pany with typical specimens at Dolson. 

Foop PLants.—Willow (Salix sp.). A 
few specimens were taken in Illinois on 
plantain (Plantago aristata) and_ black 
locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). 

Known DistrisuTion.—Common in the 
eastern United States and Canada; also 
known from California, Colorado, Idaho, 
Texas, Utah, Washington. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males 
and 49 females, taken June 22 to Aug. 19, 
are from Browns, Decatur, Dolson, Eichorn, 
Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand 
Detour, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, 
Kansas, Meredosia, Savanna, Shawneetown, 


Starved Rock State Park, York. 


Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight 


Lepidopsallus claricornis Knight (1923d, p. 
471). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from New 
Jersey. 


Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight 


Lepidopsallus rostratus Knight (1923d, p. 
70). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa 
and Minnesota. 


Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight 


Lepidopsallus minusculus Knight (1923d, p. 
12); 


Not taken in Illinois; known from New 


Y ork. 


Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight 

Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight (19264, p. 
226). 

This species is distinguished by its red- 
dish color and relative lengths of the first 
two antennal segments. 

Mave.—Length 2.70, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching 
to middle of hind coxae. Antennae uniform- 
ly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.13; 
second, 0.78; third, 0.34. Pronotum, length 
0.56, width at base 1.21. General color uni- 
form red to red with fuscous shading ; mem- 
brane fuscous, veins red. Legs fusco-red- 
dish; tips of femora and tibiae pale; spines 
and spots at bases black. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.80, width 1.50. Head 


48 Ittinors NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


width 0.77, vertex 0.36. Antennae pale yel- 
lowish; first segment, 0.17; second, 0.69. 
Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base, 1.23. 
Color more reddish than in male, sometimes 
pronotum and scutellum more fuscous than 
red. Clothed with silvery white, scalelike 
pubescence intermixed with simple, yellow- 
ish to fuscous pubescence. 

Foop PLant.—Post oak (Quercus stel- 
lata). 

Known DistriguTIOoN.—Described from 
Florida, and now known from Illinois, Mis- 
sissippi, Texas. 

Illinois Records—Doncoia: May 10- 
12, 1917, tke 19s) Dupoiss” May<21-24, 
1917,2¢,69. Mereposia: May 29, 1917, 
29°. 


Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston 


Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston (1930, p. 
99). 


This is allied to miniatus Knight, but is 
distinguished by its pale brownish color and 
the relative lengths of the first and second 
antennal segments. 

Mave.—Length 3.00, width 1.40. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.30. Rostrum just at- 
taining posterior margins of middle coxae. 
Antennae pale yellowish, last two segments 
dusky; first segment, length 0.21; second, 
0.82; third, 0.34; fourth, 0.23. Pronotum, 
length 0.61, width at base 1.21. General 
color pale brown to fuscous, never reddish 
as in miniatus; head, pronotum and scutel- 
lum dark fuscous to black; hemelytra pale 
brownish, sometimes darker; cuneus_ uni- 
formly translucent like the corium. Clothed 
with silvery, scalelike pubescence intermixed 
with pale yellowish to fuscous simple pubes- 
cence. Legs dark brown; tibiae pale with 
black spines arising from brown spots. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.79, vertex 0.37. Antennae uniform- 
ly pale yellowish; first segment, length 0.14; 
second, 0.67. Pronotum, length 0.67, width 
at base 1.26. Color much paler than in male, 
dorsum uniformly pale brownish except an- 
terior half of pronotum and head, which 
are fuscous to blackish. Legs uniformly 
pale. 

Foop PLant.—Black gum (Nyssa sylva- 
tica). 

Known DistrisutTion.—Described from 
Texas. Now known in Illinois also. 

Illinois Record.—E LizaABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Reuteroscopus Kirkaldy 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Membrane uniformly fuscous except for 
clear spot at apex of cuneus and smaller 
spot just beyond; scutellum and clavus 
black, fig. 90............ornatus, p. 48 

Membrane with many small, fuscous 
marks; scutellum and clavus yellowish, 
dotted with fuscous...sulphureus, p. 49 


Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter) 


Episcopus ornatus Reuter (1876, p. 90). 

Apu Lts.—Fig. 90. Length 3.40, width 
1.30; general color yellowish green, prono- 
tum with darker green; scutellum, clavus, 


Fig. 90.— Reuteroscopus ornatus, 8. 


membrane, and bar across apex of corium, 
fuscous, dark color forming a well-marked 
Greek cross. 

Foop PLants.—Ragweed (Ambrosia sp.). 
A few Illinois specimens were taken also on 
red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), basswood 
(Tilia sp.) and lamb’s quarter (Chenopo- 
dium album) ; the first two are undoubtedly 
“sitting” records. 

Known Distrisution. — Common in 


September, 1941 


North America east of the 100th meridian. 

Illinois Records——One hundred three 
males and 77 females, taken May 27 to Sept. 
24, are from Albion, Alto Pass, Ashley, 
Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Champaign, 
Chicago, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, Dol- 
son, Dubois, East St. Louis, Elizabethtown, 
Fountain Bluff, Galena, Galesburg, Gol- 
conda, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand 
Tower, Grandview, Grayville, Hardin, Ha- 
vana, Herod, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kan- 
sas, Kappa, Karnak, Keithsburg, Lawrence- 
ville, Metropolis, Monticello, Mounds, 
Mount Carmel, Muncie, Murphysboro, 
Oquawka, Palos Park, Pulaski, St. Joseph, 
Snyder, Springfield, Starved Rock State 
Park, Ullin, Urbana, York. 


Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter) 


Psallus sulphureus Reuter (1907, p. 23). 

Apu tts.—Length 3.30, width 1.18. Gen- 
eral color yellow, sometimes with a green- 
ish tinge. Inner apical angles of corium, tip 
of clavus, anal area of membrane, and spot 
on inner angle of cuneus, fuscous. Body 
clothed with yellowish to fuscous pubescence, 
base of each hair with a small fuscous spot, 
also sparsely set with small tufts of silvery 
scalelike hairs, arranged in series on median 
line and outer margins of head and pronotal 
disk, and present to some extent on clavus 
and corium; membrane with dark spots on 
a clear background, fuscous color forming 
a short transverse bar touching margin just 
beyond tip of cuneus, each side of this clear 
but with another, larger fuscous area situ- 
ated just before apex; femora thickly speck- 
led with small, pale fuscous spots. 

Host PLants.—I have collected this spe- 
cies on ragweed (Ambrosia sp.) and found it 
breeding on Sida spinosa in Georgia. Speci- 
mens were collected in Illinois on lamb’s 
quarter (Chenopodium album) and snow- 
berry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) as well 
as on ragweed. 

Known DistrisutTion.—This species is 
common in the southern states and appears 
to find its northern limits of distribution in 
central Illinois. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males 
and 29 females, collected June 5 to Oct. 2, 
are from Alton, Alto Pass, Ashley, Cave-in- 
Rock, Darwin, Dolson, Dongola, Dubois, 
Elizabethtown, Fairfield, Golconda, Hardin, 
Havana, Herod, Lawrenceville, Metropolis, 
Oquawka, Shawneetown, Vienna, York. 


KniIcHuT: PLANT Bucs, or MirIpDAk, OF ILLINOIS 49 


Criocoris Fieber 


Criocoris saliens (Reuter) 


Strongylotes saliens Reuter (1876, p. 88). 
Mave.—Fig. 91. Length 2.70, width 1.40. 
Head and body black, shining, clothed with 


white scalelike pubescence intermixed with 


Fig. 91.—Criocoris saliens, &. 


more erect pubescence; first and second an- 
tennal segments strongly thickened, thickness 
of second segment half as great as width of 
vertex. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; black, 
pubescence similar to that of male; antennae 
yellowish brown, entire first segment and 
base of second, black; second segment slen- 
der, scarcely more than half as thick as first. 

Host PLtant.—Bedstraw (Galium apa- 
rine.) 

Known DistripuTion.—California, Ida- 
ho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Mas- 
sachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New 
York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vir- 
ginia, Washington. 

Illinois Records.—ANTI0cH: July 5-7, 
1932, Frison et al., 1g. ELIZABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 7193827 H.. -L.- Dozier; (159 
Granpb Tower: May 12, 1932, Frison, Ross 


50 Ittinors NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


& Mohr, 6¢. Herop: May 29, 1935, Ross 
& Mohr, 49. Jonessporo: May 6, 1932, 
on Galium aparine, H. L. Dozier, 162, 
59. Texas City: May 12, 1936, Ross, 
Mohr & Burks, 1 ¢. 


Rhinacloa Reuter 


Rhinacloa forticornis Reuter 


Rhinacloa forticornis Reuter (1876, p. 89). 

This species is distinguished by its small 
size, scalelike pubescence and thickened sec- 
ond antennal segment. 

Mate.—Length 2.20, width 0.95. Head 
width 0.65, vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching 
apices of hind coxae, length 0.86. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06, 
black; second, length 0.56, thickness 0.07, 
cylindrical, clothed with fine, short pubes- 
cence, black; third, length 0.28, pale, slen- 
der; fourth, length 0.21, fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 0.36, width at base 0.85, clothed with 
fine, closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pu- 
bescence intermixed with dusky to black sim- 
ple pubescence. General color fuscous to 
black, hemelytra paler at base, embolium 
with reddish spot at apex; membrane dusky. 
Legs brownish to fuscous; tibiae pale with 
spines and dots at bases of spines black. 

FEMALE.—Length 0.21, width 1.00. Head 
width 0.60, vertex 0.30. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.13, thickness 0.06; second, 
length 0.47, slender on basal half, clavate 
apically (thickness 0.07) ; third, length 0.30, 
slender, pale; fourth, length 0.20, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.39, width at base 0.86. 
Color and pubescence very similar to those 
of male. 

Known  DistriBUTION.— Common _ in 
Texas and westward. Rare in Illinois, lowa 
and Missouri. 

Illinois Record. — Ursana: June 29, 
1914, C. A. Hart, 19. 


Leucopoecila Reuter 


Leucopoecila albofasciata Reuter 
x eucopoecila albofasciata Reuter (1907, p. 

Ne 

This species is distinguished by its peculiar 
antennae, fig. 92. The dorsum is dark with 
a pale fascia across the clavus. 

Mae.—Fig. 92. Length 2.40, width 0.95. 
Head width 0.74, vertex 0.39, strongly ver- 
tical in position. Rostrum reaching slightly 
beyond hind coxae or to fourth ventral seg- 


Vol. 22; Ando! 


ment, length 1.04. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.26, width 0.11, constricted at base, 
black; second, length 0.43, somewhat flat- 
tened, broader at base, width 0.12, clothed 
with short, black pubescence, ventral aspect 
black with an elongate, pale sensory pit 
which occupies nearly whole length of seg- 


SS — eater 


i 


4 


a9 


Fig. 92.— Leucopoecila albofasciata, &. 


ment; third, length 0.52, slender, black; 
fourth, length 0.43, black. Pronotum, length 
0.43, width at base 0.91. Scutellum distinctly 
convex above level of clavus. Dorsum 
clothed with pale, simple pubescence. Gen- 
eral color black; a prominent, slightly irreg- 
ular pale band extends across middle of 
clavus and basal half of corium; base of 
cuneus and a triangular spot just before 
on corium, pale; membrane fuscous, paler 
at base. Legs black, front and middle fem- 
ora yellowish at apex, tibiae pale, spines 
black but without spots at- bases, tarsi pale 
to fuscous, apical segment darker. 
FEMALE.—Length 2.60, width 1.08. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- 


September, 1941 Knicut: PLANT Bucs, 


ment, length 0.17, width 0.06; second, length 
0.49, width 0.06, more slender on basal half, 
no sensory pit evident; third, length 0.43; 
fourth, length 0.35, black. Form. slightly 
more robust than that of male, but very 
similar in pubescence and coloration. 

Known DistriputTion.—This species is 
widely distributed in the southern and south- 
western United States. It has been reported 
as injurious to grass on golf greens at St. 
Louis, Mo., and about New York, N. Y. 

Illinois Records.— ALton: June 26, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. CARBONDALE: 
Aug. 17, 1891, sweepings from grape, G. H. 
French, 1 9. Cave-1N-Rock: Oct. 2, 1934, 
Frison & Ross, 1¢. FouNTAIN BLUFF: 
Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 ¢. Merrop- 
otis: Aug. 18, 1891, sweepings from Core- 
Besisesp., ete, C.A. Hart, 19. 


Lopus Hahn 


No Illinois species; Lopus decolor (Fal- 
len) occurs in Connecticut, District of Co- 
lumbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
New. Jersey, New York, Ontario, Quebec, 
Virginia. It breeds on sedges (Juncus 
dudleyi and other species). 


Amblytylus Fieber 


No Illinois species; Amblytylus nasutus 
(Kirschbaum) occurs in Indiana, Massa- 
chusetts, Michigan; Europe. 


Atractotomus Fieber 


No Illinois species; Atractotomus crataegi 
Knight is known from Iowa. 


Macrotylus Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Chiefly green, ventral surface yellowish, 
femora black along dorsal margin, fig. 
Bs, length 2.30...........amoenus, p. 51 

Uniformly black, membrane with four 
Siterepots; length 3.00.......7..0... 

......Sexguttatus, p. 51 


Macrotylus amoenus Reuter 


Macrotylus amoenus Reuter (1909, p. 75). 

Aputts.—Fig. 93. Length 2.30, width 
0.80; yellowish green, hemelytra darker 
green; first and second antennal segments 


or Miripask, OF ILLINOIS 51 


black, apices white; tibiae black; femora 
with black bar on dorsal margin; cuneus 
opaque white with greenish tint, an oblique 


\ 


Fig. 93.— Macrotylus amoenus, 9. 


black bar across middle; membrane fuscous, 
a clear spot on either side near margin. 

Host Prant.—New England aster (ds- 
ter novae-angliae ). 

Known DisrriputTion.—Originally de- 
scribed from Connecticut and later found 
in Rhode Island and the Delaware Water 
Gap. 

Illinois Records. — EverGREeEN Park: 
July 1, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 1 2 ; Aug. 23, 
1934, Ross & DeLong, 19. GraysLAKE: 
June 10, 1936, breeding on Aster novae- 
angliae, Ross & Burks, 59g 519. Oak 
Lawn: July 1, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 3 g 
4Q. 


Macrotylus sexguttatus (Provancher) 


Amblytylus sexguttatus Provancher (1887, 


p. 150). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Con- 
necticut, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, 
Ontario, Pennsylvania. 
(Aster undulatus). 


Host plant, aster 


52 Ittinors NaTurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Orectoderus Uhler 


Orectoderus obliquus Uhler 


Orectoderus obliquus Uhler (1876, p. 320). 

Mate.—Length 8.00, width 2.30. Head 
elongate, inclined, width 1.22, vertex 0.60. 
Rostrum extending to near apex of middle 
coxae. Antennae with first segment yel- 
lowish, length 0.47; second, 2.42, apical 
one-third distinctly thickened, yellowish to 
orange, thick part black; third, 1.55; fourth, 
0.86; last two segments orange. Pronotum, 
length 1.30, width at base 1.81; lateral 
margins rounded, slightly concave. General 
color black, shining; legs yellowish to orange 
colored. Body sparsely clothed with short, 
yellowish pubescence. A color variation has 
the basal half of cuneus and basal one-third 
of corium white. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width of abdomen 
2.40. Brachypterous, antlike in form, head 
broader than pronotum; hemelytra greatly 
reduced, extending to base of abdomen, there 
turning upward, the tips vertical and taper- 
ing to a point; two basal segments of ab- 
domen constricted into a pedicel, the remain- 
ing segments forming a globose portion, the 
pleural fold prominent. General color pice- 
ous to black; antennae yellowish to orange, 
tips of second and third segments blackish. 

Hasits.—Occurs on the ground among 
grasses and associated with ants. 

Known Distrisution.—Alberta, Colo- 
rado, Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Mani- 
toba, Massachusetts, Montana, New Bruns- 
wick, New Mexico, New York. Uhler 
(1876, p. 320) records this species from 
Illinois. 


Teleorhinus Uhler 


No Illinois species; Teleorhinus tephrosi- 
cola Knight is known from Missouri, New 
Jersey, New York, and may eventually be 
taken in Illinois. It breeds on hoary pea 
(Tephrosia sp.). 


Coquillettia Uhler 


Coquillettia amoena (Uhler) 


Orectoderus amoenus Uhler (1877, p. 426). 

Matre.—Length 6.40, width 1.77. Head 
width 0.90, vertex 0.41. Antennae dark 
brown; first segment, length 0.38; second, 


2.20; third, 2.00; fourth, 0.95. Pronotum, 


Vol. 22, Artad 


length 0.99, width at base 1.43. General 
color dark orange brown; abdomen, tarsi 
and second antennal segment becoming fus- 
cous; basal half of corium transparent, 
apical part bright orange brown, but with 
a slender dark brown margin; basal one- 
third of cuneus white, slightly translucent; 
membrane and apical two-thirds of cuneus 
very dark brown, almost black. 

TFEMALE.—Length 5.50, wingless; antlike 
in form, head wider than pronotum; abdo- 
men with first two segments constricted to 
form a pedicel, remaining segments forming 
a globose, polished, minutely and sparsely 
haired gaster with conspicuous pleural fold. 
General color brown; third and fourth an- 
tennal segments and apex of second, tarsi, 
and apices of tibiae, fuscous to black; globose 
portion of abdomen, and tergite of second 
segment, dark chestnut to pitchy black. 

Known DistrisuTtTion. — Florida, Illi- 
nois, lowa, New Mexico, North Carolina, 
Texas. The only Illinois record is that in 
the original description where Uhler stated: 
“Other specimens have been secured in... 
Illinois.” : 

Occurs on high prairie among grasses and 
appears to be associated with ants, such as 
Formica (Neoformica) pallide-fulva var. 
incerta Emory. The wingless female bugs 
resemble this ant in form and color so nearly 
that one must look rather closely to separate 
them. 


DICYPHINAE 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Eyes large, postocular space of head 
less than half Jateral width of an 
eye; first antennal segment always 
short, fig. 94..... Cyrtopeltis, p. 53 

Eyes small, postocular space much 
longer, figs. 95, 97; or first antennal 
segment very long, fig? 982. 2 


tw 


Hemelytra hyaline, completely trans- 
parent and glassy, with a well-de- 
fined, red or fuscous Y-shaped 
mark, fig. 98; pseudarolia absent, 
fig. 32; form -broader. .. geen 
ea mek ee Hyaliodes, p. 56 

Hemelytra opaque or at least milky, 
and with brown, scattered spots or 
widely suffused brownish areas; 
pseudarolia prominent, figs. 29, 53; 
form narrower, fig. 97............ 3 


3. Pronotal disk with an arcuate, deep 


September, 1941 


furrow across middle at junction of 
wide and narrow portions, fig. 97. . 
Merete 3c 5 sia Serine chat Dicyphus, p. 53 


Pronotal disk without such a furrow, 


Fig. 94.—Head of Cyrtopeltis tenuis. 
Fig. 95.—Head of Macrolophus separatus. 


Fig. 96.—Head and pronotum of Dicyphus 
agilis. 


4. Head mostly black; pronotum brown 
or black, at least on sides......... 

1 cool ae eee Dicyphus, p. 53 
Head and pronotum almost entively 
ereenish, yellow... . 22.12.00. 2 +s 


Cyrtopeltis Reuter 


No Illinois species; Cyrtopeltis varians 
(Distant) occurs in Arizona, California, 
Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Missouri, 
South Carolina, Texas; Mexico and Central 
America; Puerto Rico and Grenada. It is 
known to breed on cultivated tomatoes, but 
in the wild state it feeds probably on related 
plants. It has been reported to be a tomato 
pest in Arizona, Georgia and Mississippi. 


Dicyphus Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Length not over 3.00; cori'um with 
large black spot near apex........ 
BN po ei A minimus, p. 54 
Length more than 4.00; corium var- 
iously marked but without a large 
Piaekespot near apex. .... 2.2.5... 2 


2. Head entirely and pronotum mostly 
dark brown to black; pronotum 
usually with a pale median stripe. . 
Meh eae s vied a te agilis, p. 53 

Head with at least vertex behind eyes 
pale; pronotum in greater part dull 
yellow or reddish with only sides 
DE MBETNC CUNT Yio acme Osi pe ua Ts 3 


KwnicHut: PLAant Bucs, or Miripaez, or ILLINOIS 53 


3. Length of second antennal segment 
subequal to both maximum width 
and maximum length of pronotum. 
Ree ea oh eee ee vestitus, p. 53 

Length of second antennal segment at 
least one-third greater than maxi- 
mum width of pronotum and at 
least one-half greater than maxi- 
mum length of pronotum......... + 

4. Second antennal segment uniformly 
black; scutellum mostly — black; 
femora without reddish dots...... 
Me eee et Nee gracilentus, p. 54 

Second antennal segment with basal 
two-thirds pale; scutellum entirely 
reddish or yellowish; femora with 
numerous reddish dots........... 5 

5. Elytra with numerous reddish streaks; 
length of postocular space subequal 
toidistance hetween eyes. s,s. 
Paige Jee ee - hamelieus, p54 

Elytra without reddish streaks; length 
of postocular space slightly more 
than one-half distance between eyes 
Bei ee, Se ate Ngee? discrepans, p. 54 


Dicyphus agilis (Uhler) 


Idolocoris agilis Uhler (1877, p. 425). 

Ma e.—Length 3.40, width 0.90. Gen- 
eral color pale yellowish; head, thorax and 
second segment of antennae chiefly black; 
hemelytra pale, lightly marked with fuscous, 
sometimes tinged with red. 

FemMaAce.—Length 4.50, width 1.10. 

Foop PLant.—Raspberry (Rubus odora- 
tus and doubtless others). In Illinois it was 
collected on walnut (Juglans nigra) and 
butternut (J. cinerea), but these are cer- 
tainly “sitting” records. 

Known DistrripuTion.— Maine west- 
ward to British Columbia and southward 
to Virginia, through Illinois and Iowa. 

Illinois Records.—Seven males and 16 
females, taken June 2 to July 2, are from 
Algonquin, Dolson, Rocky Branch, Gales- 
burg, Grand Detour, Grand View, Hardin, 
Manito, Savanna, Sheldon, Urbana. 


Dicyphus vestitus Uhler 


Dicyphus vestitus Uhler (1895, p. 46). 
Dicyphus notatus Parshley (1922, p. 16). 


Apu tts.—Length 3.80, width 1.20. Head 
width 0.60, vertex 0.26. Rostrum reaching 
to base of hind coxae. First antennal seg- 


ment, length 0.36, reddish, black on base; 


54 Ittrnoris NaturaL History SuRveEY BULLETIN 


second, 0.91, yellowish, apical one-fourth 
black. Pronotum, length 0.58, width at base 
0.95, basal margin deeply concave. General 
color pale, shaded with fuscous, scutellum 
black, basal angles pale; ventral surface 
black, shining. Legs pale, femora with small 
fuscous points. 

Known DistriputTion.—Colorado, IIli- 
nois, Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records——ALGONQUIN: Nov. 4, 
1895, 19; May 8, 1897, 19. AppLe RIVER 
Canyon STATE Park: June 2, 1933, Ross 
& Townsend, 19. BLoominctTon: July 18, 
1932, T. H. Frison, 1,39. Cary: May 
14, 1936, Ross & Mohr, 19. Fountain 
BiurF: Aug. 10, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 19. 
Urpana: Nov. 2, 1887, sweeping from grass 
and evergreens in arboretum, C. A. Hart, 
19; April 30, 1892, in woods, Hart & 
Marten, 19. WuLLow Sprincs: July 16, 
1911, A. B. Wolcott, 23,19, FM. 


Dicyphus famelicus (Uhler) 


Idolocoris famelicus Uhler (1878, p. 413). 

Aputts.—Length 4.80, width 1.20. Ros- 
trum extending to second abdominal sternite. 
First antennal segment, length 0.47; second, 
1.43, yellowish, apical one-third dark red- 
dish. Pronotum, length 0.62, width at base 
0.86, strongly sulcate on base. General color 
pale yellowish; head and thorax dull red- 
dish; hemelytra and scutellum with dull 
reddish markings; membrane _infuscated; 
veins and tip of cuneus reddish. 

Foop Prant.—Raspberry (Rubus odora- 
tus). 

Known DistriputTion.—lllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, 
Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Record.— Savanna: July 11, 
LON et 


Dicyphus minimus Uhler 


Dicyphus minimus Uhler (1899, p. 59). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Cali- 
fornia, Colorado, District of Columbia, 
New Mexico. 


Dicyphus discrepans Knight 


Dicyphus discrepans Knight (1923d, p. 477). 
Not yet collected in Illinois; known to 
occur in British Columbia, Michigan, Min- 
nesota, New Hampshire, New York, North 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Dakota, Oregon, Washington. Feeds on 


aster (Aster sp.). 


Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley 


Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley (1922, p. 21). 
Dicyphus vestitus Blatchley (19264, p. 910) 
not Uhler. Misidentification. 


Aputts.—Fig. 97. Length 4.50, width 
1.25. Head width 0.60, vertex 0.21. Ros- 


trum reaching to second abdominal sternite. 


Fig. 97.— Dicyphus gracilentus. 


First antennal segment, 0.43; second, 1.25, 
black. Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 
0.99, basal margin deeply concave. General 
color pale to yellowish, shaded with fuscous; 
scutellum and mesoscutum dull black, basal 
angles of scutellum yellowish; sternum and 
propleura dark brown, strongly shining. 


September, 1941 


Legs uniformly pale yellowish, without 
spots. 

Foop PLant.—Leafcup (Polymnia cana- 
densis). 

Known Distrinution.—Originally de- 
scribed from Illinois and known also from 
Indiana and Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and 
66 females, taken April 4 to Oct. 29, are 
from Apple River Canyon State Park, 
Bloomington, Cave-in-Rock, Kappa, Oak- 


wood, Savanna, Urbana, Zion. 


Macrolophus Fieber 
KEY TO: SPECIES 


1. Length of first antennal segment equal 
to or slightly greater than width of 
head across eyes; length of second 
segment distinctly greater than 
basal width of pronotum......... 
ERAS i ti 2 tenuicornis, p. 56 

Length of firs. antenna] segment less 
than width of head across eyes... 2 


2. Postocular space of head nearly equal 
to lateral width of an eye; a fuscous 
stripe present at dorsal margin of 
eye; second antennal segment with 
apical one-fourth black; basal two- 
thirds of cortum without fuscous 
points at bases of hairs except one 
row bordering claval suture....... 
=, + aig Beatle cra brevicornis, p. 55 

Postocular space of head little more 
than half lateral width of an eye; 
second antennal segment with a 
narrow fuscous area at apex; co- 
rium with three or four rows of 
fuscous points on basal two-thirds. 

5 Sh en eee ae separatus, p. 55 


Macrolophus separatus (Uhler) 


Dicyphus separatus Uhler (1894, p. 194). 

Matre.—Length 4.30. Head width 0.54, 
vertex 0.28; lateral width of an eye 0.20, 
space between eye and pronotal collar, 0.11; 
without trace of a fuscous vitta behind 
dorsal margin of eye. Rostrum, length 1.79, 
scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind 
coxae. First antennal segment, length 0.38, 
black; second, 1.17, yellowish, narrow area 
at apex black; third, 1.28, slender, yellowish 
to dusky; fourth, 0.51, fusco-brownish. Pro- 
notum, length 0.66, width at base 1.06. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.20. Head width 0.56, 


Kwnicut: PLant Bucs, or Miripas, or ILLINOIS 55 


vertex 0.29; lateral width of an eye 0.20, 
space between eye and pronotal collar 0.11. 
First antennal segment, length 0.34; second, 
1.00, practically equal to width of pronotum 
at base; third, 1.20; fourth 0.52. 

Foop PLants.—Found breeding on Ge- 
rardia pedicularia; also occurs in Illinois 
on leafcup (Polymnia sp.). 

Known Distripution. — Florida, I[lhi- 
nois, Indiana, Maryland, New York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records. — BLoomincTon: July 
18:0 1932-- T°: “Ho Frison; 19°. (Ceicace: 
Aug. 4, W. J. Gerhard, 1 g, rm. GoLcon- 
DA: June 22, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
liao SEiarpin: June. s-9, 1932, 6H 2, 
Dozier, 2, 19. KANKAKEE: Sept. 19, 
1930, on Gerardia pedicularia, Frison & 
Ross, 28 ¢,65¢@. Sr. ANNE: Aug. 4, 1936, 
Frison & Burks, 19. Urpana: Aug. 25, 
1930 tH. Koreht 3/6475 97<) 1930)on 
Polymnia sp., T. H. Frison,'13¢, 109. 
Ziom = \uly 6, 1982, “Es cel: uF vison, “6°38, 
See. 


Macrolophus brevicornis Knight 


FE se brevicornis Knight (19262, p. 
e 
This species is suggestive of tenuicornis 
Blatchley, but the antennae are distinctly 
shorter, with the first segment not equal to 
the width of the head; it is distinguished 
from separatus (Uhler) as shown in the key. 
Mate.—Length 3.60, width 0.96. Head 
width 0.48, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an 
eye 0.16, or a trifle greater than space 
(0.11) between eye and base of head where 
collar normally fits. Rostrum reaching to 
middle of hind coxae, length 1.34. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.34, scarcely equal to 
width of vertex plus dorsal width of an eye; 
second, 0.88, being a trifle greater than 
width of pronotum at base, apical one- 
fourth black; third, 1.03; fourth, 0.43. Pro- 
notum, length 0.54, width at base 0.84. 
General coloration usually lemon yellow, 
sometimes greenish yellow; head with a 
fuscous stripe behind dorsal margin of eye; 
hemelytra with fuscous points more distinct 
than in tenuicornis, basal two-thirds of cori- 
um without fuscous points at bases of hairs, 
except one row bordering claval suture. 
FEMALE.—Head width 0.47, vertex 0.25; 
lateral width of an eye 0.16, space between 
eye and pronotal collar 0.11. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.33; second, 0.75, not equal 
to width of pronotum at base; third, 1.00; 


56 Ittinois NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


fourth, 0.38. Pronotum, length 0.54, width 
at base 0.84. 

Foop PLant.—In Iowa found breeding on 
an unidentified milkweed (Asclepias sp.). 

Known DistrispuTion. — Illinois, Lowa, 
Kansas, Maryland, New Jersey. 

Illinois Records. — Harpin: June 5-9, 
1932, H. L. Dozier, 2¢, 19. VIENNA: 
May 18, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 39. 


Macrolophus tenuicornis Blatchley 


Macrolophus tenuicornis Blatchley (19264, 
p. 913). 


Mate.—Length 4.20, width 0.91. Head 
width 0.47, vertex 0.26; lateral width of an 
eye 0.17, space between eye and pronotal 
collar 0.13. Rostrum reaching to near pos- 
terior margin of hind coxae. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.56, pale, apex black; sec- 
ond, 1.43, pale, apex black, length greater 
than basal width of pronotum plus width 
of head. Pronotum, length 0.60, width at 
base 0.78. General coloration greenish yel- 
low, darkened with fuscous, nearly as in 
separatus (Uhler), but fuscous points on 
corium much fainter and confined to inner 
half; longitudinal fuscous stripe behind dor- 
sal margin of each eye. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.00. Head 
width 0.43, vertex 0.26. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.47; second, 1.17. Pronotum, 
length 0.60, width at base 0.82. Very simi- 
lar to male in form and coloration. 

Foop PLant.—Leafcup (Polymnia cana- 
densis ). 

Known Distrisution.—lIllinois and In- 
diana. 

Illinois Records.—ALconouin: Aug. 7, 
1930, on Polymnia canadensis, Frison & 
Knight, 1g. Fern Cuiirr: Aug. 3, 1934, 
DeLong & Mohr, 14, 39. Gotconpa: 
July 25, 1930, on Polymnia canadensis, 
Knight & Ross, 524,59. Morris: July 
19, 1883, Webster, 1 ¢. Urpana: 1930, on 
Polymnia sp., T. H. Frison, 14,19. 


Hyaliodes Reuter 


KEY TO SPECRES 


1. Collar, calli and areas lateral to calli 
very dark brown or black, median 
pronotal line always light, fig. 98; 
length of first antennal segment of 
male equal to maximum width of 
pronotum; length of first antennal 


Vola 222 are! 


segment of female four-fifths as 
great as maximum width of pro- 
NOtUM 6.2 ae eee harti, p. 57 
Entire pronotum almost colorless; 
or pronotum with collar, calli, and a 
broad median mark extending from 
anterior to posterior margins, dark 
brown or black; or pronotum with a 
vague dark mark on median line at 
posterior margin; length of first 
antennal segment in either ex not 
more than three-fourths as great as 
maximum width of pronotum..... 2 


i) 


Broad, median, dark brown or black 
mark extending from anterior to 
posterior margins of pronotum.... 
vitripennis var. discoidalis, p. 56 

Pronotum without broad, median, 
longitudinal, dark mark.......... x) 


3. Length of first antennal segment equal 
to or only slightly greater than 
width of head measured across 
eyes) oS Ae brevis, p. 58 

Length of first antennal segment much 
greater than width of head across 
eyes; at least two-thirds as great as 
maximum width of pronotum..... 
vitripennis var. vitripennis, p. 56 


Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say) 


Capsus vitripennis Say (1832, p. 24). 

Length 4.80, width 1.70; hemelytra hya- 
line, glassy, with black or red marks border- 
ing scutellum, inner edge of clavus and co- 
rium, and extending across apex of corium 
to lateral margin; also dark on membrane, 
veins and tip of cuneus; pronotum usually 
almost entirely colorless; antennae various- 
ly marked with red. 

In some specimens the median area of the 
posterior portion of the pronotum tends to 
be fuscous; in others it may be dark brown 
or black. Other specimens may have this 
dark mesal area extending the full length 
of the pronotum. These dark extremes con- 
stitute the variety discoidalis Reuter (1909, 
poly: 

Hapits.—Occurs' on_ several plants; 
frequent on grape (Vitis sp.) ; predacious 
on plant lice. 

Known DistriputTion. — Originally de- 
scribed from Indiana and Pennsylvania and 
since recorded from several eastern states 
and southern Canada. 

Illinois Records.—F orty-eight males and 
95 females, taken May 24 to Sept. 10, are 


September, 1941 


from Alton, Antioch, Ashley, Bluff, Cairo, 
Clay City, Danville, Darwin, De Soto, Dol- 
son, Dongola, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabeth- 
town, Evanston, Fairfield, Fort Sheridan, 
Galesburg, Grantsburg, Hardin, Harris- 
burg, Havana, Herod, Kampsville, Karnak, 
Marshall, McHenry, Meredosia, Metropo- 
lis, Monticello, Olive Branch, Oregon, 
Parker, Pulaski, Quincy, Rock Island, 
Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, 
Urbana, West Pullman, White Heath, Wil- 


low Springs, Zion. 


Hyaliodes harti new species 


This is distinguished from vitripennis 
(Say) by the longer first antennal segment, 


Fig. 98.— Hyaliodes harti. 


which, in the male, is equal to the width of 
the pronotum at base. 

Mate.—Length 4.40, width 1.40. Head, 
width 0.73, vertex 0.26. Rostrum just at- 
taining posterior margins of middle coxae, 
length 1.20. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.10, bright red; second, 1.69, reddish to 
black; third, 1.12, black; fourth, 0.60. Pro- 


KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 57 


notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.12. Gen- 
eral color pale, translucent; head and body 
yellowish; calli, collar, scutellum except 
apex, mesoscutum, and inner margin of 
clavus, black; apex of scutellum white; apex 
of corium, and tip of embolium, red; cuneus 
and membrane clear, anal angles fuscous, 
veins red to fuscous. Legs pale to yellowish. 

FemaLe.—Fig. 98. Length 4.90, width 
1.60. Head width 0.71, vertex 0.32. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.08; second, 
1.77. Pronotum, width at base 1.34. Very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 

Holotype, male. —Harrisburg, IIL: 
June 25, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes. — ILLINoIs.— Same data as 
for holotype, 11 ¢, 39. NorrHern ILLI- 
wois: 14,39. ALton: July 19-21, 1932, 
Ross & Dozier, 19. ANNA: June 27, 1909, 
wo. Aste: Anges 7, (SLi. 3a 3% 
Bevery Hi ts: Sept. 11, 1907, E. B. Chope, 
fo: July 13; 1908, W.. J. Geghard, 1 ¢. 
Dixon SprinoGs: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier 
& Park. 12. Dorson: Sept. 30, 1935, T. 
H. Frison, 19. Dusors: July 2, 1909, 2.3 . 
E1cHorn: June 24, 1932, Hick’s Branch, 
on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 12. 
ELIZABETHTOWN: June 22-24, 1932, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 1 g ; July 8, 1935, Ross & 
DeLong, 29. GALENA: June 30, 1932, 
Dozier & Mohr, 19. GALEssBurG: July 24, 
1892, Stromberg, 2¢,29. Gerr: June 12, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. GLENVIEW: 
July 19, 1931, A. R. Park, 19. Heron: 
June, 23, 1927, 1. Hy Frison, 1 ¢ ; June-24; 
1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19. Joie: 
July 31, 1930, Frison & Knight, 29. Kar- 
NAK: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
io. kA (GRance: Sept> 14, 1907. “Lia. 
La Rue: July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 
14, 19. LAWRENCEVILLE: Sept. 7, 1933, 
Ross & Mohr, 19. MaKkanpba: June 26, 
1909; “lia.. oMarsHary: July, 23; 1932; 
Dozier & Park, 1g. Metropotis: Aug. 
20, 1916, 19. MonrticeEtto: June 28, 1914, 
19. Norma: July 22, 1884, on black 
walnut, 19; July 26, 1884, on leaves of 
maple, 19. Oaxkwoop: July 22, 1930, 
Hottes & Tauber, 1 2 ; Oct. 6, 1930, T. H. 
Frison, 19. Otive BrancH: Oct. 2, 1909, 
W. Js Gerhard, t¢. Quincy: Aug, 14 
1889, “sweeping along shore of Mississippi 
R..” C. A. Hart, 19. Rocxrorp: July, 
1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 9. Rock ISLAND: 
July 7, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1¢. St. 


58 Ittrnoris NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


ANNE: July 22, 1935, Ross & DeLong, 19. 
SPRINGFIELD: July 12, 1932, T. H. Frison, 
on Quercus sp., 38, 79. STARVED Rock 
SraTe Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, 
54,169. Tamaroa: Sept. 22, 1882, 19. 
Tempce Hitt: June 24, 1936, DeLong & 
Ross, 1¢, 29. Ursana: Sept. 27, 1892, 
C. A. Hart, 19; July 21, 1889, “sweeping 
in Univ. forestry,” C. A. Hart, 1 9 ; Oct. 8, 
1889, in woods, Marten, 19; June 23, 
1908 5-1-0! = Anres.23; 19l7 eal os Ada. ail, 
1932, Knight & Ross, 1 ¢, 19 ; Sept., 1932, 
T. H. Frison, 1¢. Warren: Aug. 22, 
1935, DeLong & Ross, 14. . WHITE 
HeatH: July 11, 1915, 19; July 4, 1933, 
H. H. Ross, 1 ¢@. Wurttow Sprincs: June 
27, 1905, A. B. Wolcott, 1 3. 


GEORGIA.—EXPERIMENT: Aug. 6, 1929, 
T. L. Bissell, 13. 
Iowa.—Ames: July 31, 19; Aug. 1, 


1932, F. Andre, 19. 

MissourI.—SPRINGFIELD: July 18, 1915, 
H. H. Knight, 49. 

New YorK.—Batavia: July 30, 1916, 
ae Ee Knol 262 GaEtACA | Pully 23.els0" 
July 26, 19167. He Knight; 2.4. 

NortH CAROLINA.—RALEIGH: July, 1909, 
F. Sherman, | 2. 

NortH Daxkotsa.—DIcCKENSON COUNTY: 
ily 2300 19252 0s 10). Bal PelOrs) war 
County: July 19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, 19. 

OnTArRIO.—Parry Sounp: Aug. 7, 1915, 
Hoch arish, le4.>2 9. 

WIsconsiIn.—Haywarp: Aug. 15, 1932, 
Moose Lake, T. H. Frison, 1 ¢. 


Hyaliodes brevis new species 


This species is distinguished by its short 
first antennal segment which, in the female, 
does not exceed the width of the head across 
the eyes and, in the male, exceeds the width 
of the head only very slightly; the body is 
shorter and more nearly ovate than in vitri- 
pennis (Say). 

Mave.—Length 4.00, width 1.80. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.32. Rostrum scarcely 
reaching base of middle coxae, length 0.95. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.70, pale 
yellowish, becoming reddish at apex; second, 
1.43, fuscous to black, slightly paler at mid- 
dle; third, 0.74; fourth, 0.26, black. Pro- 
notum, length 0.86, width at base 1.16. Gen- 
eral color pale to yellowish; scutellum 
white; hemelytra clear, translucent; tip of 
cuneus, veins in membrane, narrow inner 
margin of clavus, narrow band across apex 


Vol.22, Artol 


of corium, and tip of embolium, fuscous to 
black. Legs and ventral surface pale, apex 
of hind femora becoming reddish. 

FEeMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.55. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.31. First antennal seg- 
ment, length 0.65, scarcely equal to width 
of head. Pronotum, length 0.86, width at 
base 1.20. Very similar to male but black 
areas much reduced, apex of corium and tip 
of cuneus still retaining black. 

Holotype, male. — UrzBana, ILL., Aug. 
10, 1932, on bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa, 
HH. Korehe: 

Allotype, female,— Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes. — ILLINoIs.— Same data as 
for holotype, 11 ¢, 229. Srarvep Rock 
STATE Park: July 14, 1932, Dozier & Park, 
1¢, 59. Ursana: Aug. 351952 Shere 
Ross, 1 ¢ ; Aug. 10, 1932, IHS Ross; oae 
39; Aug. 11,.1932; H.-L Rosse ee 
H. H. Knight, 42,69. 

Iowa.—Ames: Aug. 1, 1 9 ; Aug. 9, 1932, 
F. Andre, 22. 

MINNESOTA.—ST. ANTHONY Park: Aug. 
5, 1920; H. He Knight, ye; 


BRYOCORINAE 


KEY TO GENERA 


1. Pronotum with a distinct collar and 
not gibbous posteriorly; sparsely 
punctured, figs) 73; 9920 eee 
PEPE SE EEN a Monalocoris, p. 58 

Pronotum without a distinct collar, 
and posteriorly inflated and en- 
larged, often very much so; coarsely 


punctured, figs. 100; :101 3 eee 2 


. Pronotum posteriorly greatly inflated, 
with a longitudinal crease at least 
in middle; embolium broadly ex- 
panded and flat, not thickened, fig. 
NO. Sei apie ae Pycnoderes, p. 60 

Pronotum posteriorly moderately in- 
flated, without longitudinal im- 
pressions; embolium narrow, thick- 
ehed igs | OOk nee Sixeonotus, p. 59 


i) 


Monalocoris Dahlbom 


Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus) 


Cimex filicis Linnaeus (1758, p. 443). 

Aputt.—Fig. 99. Length 2.50, width 
1.40; short oval, convex. General color 
brown to dark brown, shining. Pronotum 


September, 1941 


finely punctured; legs and antennae pale 
yellowish brown. 

Host Priants.—Occurs on shield fern 
(Aspidium spinulosum) and cinnamon fern 
(Osmunda cinnamonea). 

Known Distrinution.—A_ European 
species known also from Canada, Florida, 


Fig. $99.— Monalocoris filicts, 9. 


Illinois, Minnesota, New England states, 
Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records. — ANTIOCH: Aug. 1, 
1924, tamarack bog, T. H. Frison, 2 9 ; 
Aug. 1, 1930, on Osmunda cinnamonea, 
Frison, Knight & Ross, 49 ¢, 509; July 
71932, T. H.-Frison, 29. GALENA 
JuncTION: July 8, 1917,19. Voto: July 
8, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Mohr, 19 ; Aug. 
24, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 2. 


Sixeonotus Reuter 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Legs black; membrane uniformly 
fuscous to black. ...unicolor, p. 59 

Legs entirely pale with brownish 
feeas ono hind ‘femora... s. 222... - 2 

2. Antennae and legs uniformly pale; 


membrane with basal half black... 

» tis eer insignis, p. 59 
Antennae black; hind femora and 

basal halves of tibiae fuscous; mem- 

brane pale, veins black.......... 

ot oe ie ea areolatus, p. 60 


Sixeonotus insignis Reuter 


Sixeonotus insignis Reuter (1876, p. 78). 
Aputt.—Fig. 100. Length 3.10, width 


KnicHT: PLant Bucs, or Miripas, oF ILLINOIS 59 


1.50. Head width 0.73, vertex 0.43. Ros- 
trum reaching to middle of sternum. First 
antennal segment, length 0.25; second, 0.54. 
Pronotum, length 0.86, width at base 1.30. 
General color black; legs and antennae very 
light yellowish; membrane black, apical half 
pale, veins black. 

Known DistripuTion.—Texas eastward 
to Florida, north to Virginia and west to 
Illinois. 

Illinois Records.——ALtTon: July 19-21, 
1932, Ross & Dozier, 19. CHAMPAIGN: 
July 26, 1889, electric light, C. A. Hart, 


vf i 
ra ‘hy 


\ 


Fig. 100.—Sixeonotus insignis, 9. 


1g. Doncora: Aug. 22, 1916, at light, 
19. Gatespurc: Stromberg, 1g. Ha- 
VANA: Sept. 24, 1895, Matanzas Lake, C. 


A. Hart, 24, 19; July 2, 1934, DeLong 
& Ross, 19. Metroporis: Aug. 20, 1916, 
at light, 29. Puxaski: May 14, 1910, 
cypress swamp, 19. Wotr Lake: July 
30, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Sixeonotus unicolor Knight 


Sixeonotus unicolor Knight (1929a, p. 247). 
This species may be distinguished by being 
uniformly black, including the membrane; 
the pubescence is prominent, erect and white. 
Mare.—Length 3.20, width 1.48. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.47. Rostrum extending 
slightly beyond middle of sternum, black; 
length 0.65. Antennae, first segment, length 


60 It~tinois NATURAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


0.26; second, 0.56; black. Pronotum, length 
0.89, width at base 1.30; basal margin very 
slightly sinuate along middle, obscuring base 
of scutellum; disk moderately and evenly 
convex, coarsely and closely punctate, shin- 
ing. Scutellum coarsely punctate, apical area 
rather distinctly convex and with finer punc- 
tures. Uniformly black, trochanters some- 
what pale; membrane uniformly dark fus- 
cous or black; veins black. Clothed with 
prominent, erect, stiff, white pubescence. 

FemMaALe.—Length 2.90, width 1.48. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.47. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.25; second, 0.53. Pronotum, 
length 0.90, width at base 1.27. Very simi- 
lar to male in form, punctation and pubes- 
cence, but generally slightly darker in 
color. 

Known DistripuTion. — Originally de- 
scribed from Mississippi. Now known also 
from Illinois. 

Illinois Records.— GALEsBurRG: Sept., 
Stromberg, | ¢ ; Aug. 29, 1888, Stromberg, 
hor. 


Sixeonotus areolatus Knight 


Sixeonotus areolatus Knight (19294, p. 243). 
Not as yet taken in Illinois; known from 
Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Texas. 


Pycnoderes Guerin 


KEY “TO SPECIES 


1. Legs black; tibiae paler apically; em- 
bolium with large pale spot near base 
and a slightly smaller one near apex. 
ae a yon Es convexicollis, p. 60 

Legs pale; hind femora fuscous on api- 
eal halPoniye, tien: aster Oe 

2. Emboliar margins strongly arcuate; a 
large pale spot on basal half of em- 
bolium, apical half black.......... 
eS ee eR drakei, p. 61 

Emboliar margins very slightly arcuate; 
embolium with small pale spot near 
base and also near apex, fig. 101.... 

......medius, p. 60 


Pycnoderes convexicollis Blatchley 


Pycnoderes convexicollis Blatchley (1926a, 
p. 166). 


This is allied to medius Knight, but is 
larger, with the pronotum more strongly 
gibbous; the femora are all black except 


V ol. 22; Artod 


at the bases, and the tibiae are very dark 
brown or nearly black, and with the apices 
almost white. 

Mave.—Length 3.40, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.67, vertex 0.39; front partly yel- 
lowish brown. Rostrum just reaching pos- 
terior margins of middle coxae. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.30; second, 0.65; 
third, 0.56; fourth, 0.61; pale yellowish, 
last two segments fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 1.04, width at base 1.25, height from 
basal angle 0.65; disk clothed with distinct 
white hairs, emboliar margins strongly arcu- 
ate, edge sharp; basal one-third with large 
translucent white spot, a small one just 
before apex; cuneus clear. Membrane light- 
ly infuscated; veins black. 

Known DistripuTion.—Described from 
Indiana. Now known also from Illinois. 

Illinois Records—MarsHa..: Sept. 27, 
1934, Frison & Ross, 1g. Urspana: July 
4, 1938, 1g ; Aug. 15, 1936, Sarah Jones, 
bay Ke: 


Pycnoderes medius Knight 


Pycnoderes medius Knight (1926e, p. 105). 

This is allied to dilatatus Reuter, but 
differs in its smaller size, fuscous membrane 
and broader, more heavily gibbous, bilobed 
pronotal disk, fig. 101; it differs from 
quadrimaculatus Guerin and incurvus (Dis- 


Fig. 101.—Pycnoderes medius, 9. 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


tant) by the sharp outer edge of its embo- 
lium. 

Mave.—Length 2.90, width 1.37. Head 
width 0.63, vertex 0.37. General color 
black; juga and lora more brownish. Ros- 
trum, reaching hind margin of mesosternum, 
length 0.67. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.27; second, 0.60; third, 0.57; fourth, 0.68; 
first three segments pale, fourth fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.86, width at base 1.20, 
height from basal angle 0.53. Punctation, 
pubescence and coloration nearly as in dila- 
tatus, but hemelytra not so broadly dilated; 
apical pale spot on embolium sometimes 
nearly obsolete. Membrane and veins dis- 
tinctly fuscous, darker at base and on veins, 
apical margins paler and more brownish. 
Legs pale; front coxae except apex, and 
apical half of femora, fuscous to black. 

Femace.—Fig. 101. Length 2.80, width 
1.36; similar to male in form and coloration. 

Known DistriputTion.—Described from 
the Ozarks of Missouri, and now found in 
southern Illinois. 

Illinois Records.——Atton: July 19-21, 
1932, Ross & Dozier, 1 $ ; June 27, 1934, 
DeLong & Ross, 14. ELIzABETHTOWN: 
May 22-24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 19. 


Pycnoderes drakei Knight 


Pycnoderes drakei Knight (1926e, p. 106). 
Not yet collected in Illinois; known only 
from Mississippi. 


CYLAPINAE 


Represented in Illinois by two _ tribes, 
the Cylapini and Fulviini keyed out on pp. 
19 and 20. 


CYLAPINI 
Cylapus Say 


Cylapus tenuicornis Say 


Cylapus tenuicornis Say (1832, p. 26). 

Aputts.—Length 5.50-6.00, width 2.20. 
General color brownish gray, marked with 
white. Distinguished by the long, slender 
antennae and prominent, protuberant eyes. 

Hasgits.—This is a very active species, 
usually to be found on dead and fungus- 
covered tree trunks. 

Known Distripution. — Originally de- 
scribed from Indiana, and since recorded 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripat, or ILLINoIs 61 


from Illinois, Maryland, New York, Penn- 
sylvania, Ontario, Virginia. 

Illinois Records. — Mount CARMEL: 
June 30, 1906, 1 ¢. Orecon: July 9, 1925, 
T. H. Frison, 1¢. SAvANNA: July 29, 
1892, base of bluff, 1¢. 


FULVIINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


Tarsi three-segmented; lateral margins of 
pronotum rounded near anterior angles, 
not shelflike, fig. 68...... Fulvius, p. 61 

Tarsi two-segmented; lateral margins of 
pronotum sharp and shelflike for their 
entire length, fig. 102...Peritropis, p. 62 


Fulvius Stal 


KEY-T@; SPECIES 


Second antennal segment uniformly pale 
yellow; scutellum brown with a pale spot 
at apex.. ..brunneus, p. 61 

Second pecan emer brown, white at 
apex; scutellum uniformly Saree Ea acs 
IO ins tee weeciae ee ae imbecilis, p. 61 


Fulvius brunneus (Provancher) 


Lygus brunneus Provancher (1872, p. 104). 

Aputts.—Length 3.40, width 1.10. Gen- 
eral color brown, marked with yellowish 
and white. Second antennal segment pale 
yellowish; femora brown like pronotum, 
basal half of cuneus white; apex of scutel- 
lum and an area on hemelytra pale. 

Known DistrisuTion. — Originally de- 
scribed from Ontario, and since reported 
from Colorado, District of Columbia, IIli- 
nois, lowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Virginia. 


29, 1909, W. J. Gerhard, 19, FM. West 
PuLLMAN: July 13, 1902, W. J. Gerhard, 
14 ; Oct. 27, 1912, A. B. Wolcott, 19, FM. 
WILtow Sprincs: Aug. 4, 1912, W. J. 
Gerhard, 19, FM 


Fulvius imbecilis (Say) 


Capsus imbecilis Say (1832, p. 25). 

Aputts.—Length 4.00, width 1.20. Very 
similar to brunneus (Provancher), but 
larger. Second antennal segment brown with 
apical third white; femora yellowish brown; 
scutellum dark brown. 


62 Ittrnors NaturaL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


Known DisrripuTion.—Described from 
Indiana and since reported from Alabama, 
Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, 
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee. 

Illinois Records.—BeEverty Hits: Aug. 
27, 1908, W. J. Gerhard, 1 ¢. Carson- 


DALE: Aug. 21, 1891, Hart & Shiga, 1 
nymph. Dusoris: June 21, 1905, 19. 
GALESBURG: Sept., Stromberg, 1¢, 19. 


Havana: Aug. 16, 1883, 1 nymph. Mount 


CARMEL: June’ 30; .-19065"2 4... Orive 
BraNcH: Sept. 29, 1909, W. J. Gerhard, 
19, FM. URBANA: June 16, 1887, electric 


light, C. A. Hart, 19. Wouuite HeEatH: 
June 25, 1916, 12. 


Peritropis Uhler 


KEY ‘FO SPECIES 


Coxae brown; clavus and corium thickly 
dotted with pale flecks.... . husseyi, p. 62 
Coxae pallid; clavus and corium brown to 
fuscous, without pallid flecks........ 
PU Romero ct an a Sete saldaeformis, p. 62 


Peritropis saldaeformis Uhler 


Peritropis saldaeformis Uhler (1891, p. 122). 
Peritropis saldiformis Bergroth (1920, p. 74). 
Emended name. 


Diagnostic color characters: general color 
brownish black, alutaceous, head and pro- 
notum thickly dotted with pale yellowish, 
clavus and corium unspotted, coxae pallid. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.90, width 1.51. Head 
width 0.65, vertex 0.32, length from front 
margin of eyes to tip of tylus 0.28. Ros- 
trum, length 1.51, reaching to base of sixth 
ventral segment. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.22, brown, a white annulus on 
basal half, a pallid dot on dorsal aspect of 
apical half; second, 0.88, dark brown, a 
white spot at middle on dorsal side, some- 
what paler near base. Pronotum, length 
along median line 0.49, width at base 1.29, 
anterior width 0.45; lateral margins nearly 
straight, shelflike, very slightly reflexed; 
basal margin with small tubercle at median 
line, each side of this a distinct scallop, then 
sinuate to basal angle, the basal edge whit- 
ish; calli strongly convex, separated at 
median line by a foveate depression. Scu- 
tellum moderately convex, dark brown, 
apex white; mesoscutum broadly exposed 
for a longitudinal space equal to three- 
fourths the length of scutellum. Sternum 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


and pleura dark brown, a white spot on 
mesepimeron. Hemelytra dark brown to 
blackish, a few white dots on costal edge 
of embolium; width 1.50; emboliar mar- 
gins very slightly arcuate, moderately re- 
flexed ; cuneus triangular, narrow white area 
at apex and at inner basal angle. Membrane 
and veins uniformly pale brown. Legs 
brownish black; coxae pallid to white; 
tibiae with three white spots on basal half, 
apical one-third pallid; tarsi pale fuscous. 
Venter dark brown. 

Ma ce.—Length 3.20, width 1.47; some- 
what more slender than the female but 
very similar in color. Head width 0.60, 
vertex 0.29. Rostrum, length 1.60, reach- 
ing upon seventh abdominal sternite. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.19; second, 1.12. 
Pronotum, length 0.47, width at base 1.21. 

Known DistripUuTION.—Described from 
the District of Columbia and Illinois. Uhler 
states: “Others have been captured near 
Chicago and in other parts of northern 
Illinois.” Known from District of Colum- 
bia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Oklahoma, 
Pennsylvania and Texas. The only record 
for Illinois is that in the original description. 


Peritropis husseyi Knight 


Peritropis husseyi Knight (1923a, p. 50). 

FEMALE.—Fig. 102. Length 3.20. Head 
width 0.62, vertex 0.31, length from front 
margin of eyes to tip of tylus 0.31; front 


Fig. 102.— Peritropis husseyt. 


September, 1941 


more porrect and more nearly cone shaped 
than in saldaeformis Uhler. General color 
brownish black, irregularly marked with 
small pale spots; three or four larger spots 
on the strongly flattened tylus; bucculae 
tinged reddish. Rostrum brownish black, 
length 2.22, nearly attaining the hind mar- 
gin of the first genital segment. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.28, black; second, 
1.00, nearly cylindrical, but slightly thick- 
ened toward apex, black, a small pallid spot 
on dorsal side near middle, the extreme tip 
slightly paler, clothed with very fine, short, 
pale pubescence; third, 0.29; fourth, 0.34; 
last two segments slender, black. Pronotum 
brownish black; length along median line 
0.51, width at base 1.17; anterior width 
0.61; lateral margins practically straight, 
shelflike, extreme edge reflexed; anterior 
angles prominent, forming right angles; 
basal margin with a broad sulcus which 
rounds distally; margin without tubercles, 
practically transverse on the middle one- 
third; calli less prominent than, and not so 
abruptly convex as, in saldaeformis, sepa- 
rated by a foveate groove at the median line 
of disk; disk rather closely dotted with 
whitish spots that are frequently confluent; 
slender area at lower margin of propleura, 
and a line extending distad from the top of 
coxal cleft, pallid. Scutellum nearly as in 
saldaeformis, more extensively white at 
apex, a few pale dots adjoining; meso- 
scutum exposed for a longitudinal space 
equal to two-thirds the length of scutellum, 
a curved pale mark near each basal angle. 
Sternum and pleura brownish black; basalar 
plate, and posterior and ventral margins of 
epimera, pale; ostiolar peritreme pallid. 

Hemelytra brownish black, rather closely 
spotted with pallid, the spots frequently 
elongate or confluent, each pale point with 
a minute, short, scalelike hair; tip of clavus 
and spot at inner basal angle of cuneus ren- 
dered pallid by the fusion of several small 
points; cuneus black, a few pale points near 
base; width 1.54, emboliar margins arcuate, 
somewhat reflexed basally. Membrane uni- 
formly pale fuscous, the veins scarcely 
darker, slightly paler areas bordering mar- 
gin of cuneus. Legs brownish black; coxae 
scarcely paler at apices; middle and hind 
tibiae paler apically, a narrow pallid annulus 
near middle; front and middle tarsi pale 
fuscous, hind pair lighter. Venter brownish 
black, with pale yellowish pubescence. 


Mare.—Length 3.00, width 1.40; slightly 


KNIGHT: PLANT Buas, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 63 


smaller than the female but very similar in 
structure and color; genital claspers promi- 
nent and distinctive. 

Hasits.—Collected by R. F. Hussey from 
beneath bark of white oak logs cut for fence 
posts. 

Known Distripution. — Alabama, IIli- 
nois and Michigan. 

Illinois Record. 
1917, sand pit, 19. 


Mereposia: Aug. 21, 


CLIVINEMINAE 


Represented in Illinois by two tribes, the 


Largideini and Clivinemini, keyed out on 
p. 20. 


LARGIDEINI 
Largidea Van Duzee 


Largidea grossa Van Duzee 


Largidea grossa Van Duzee (1916c, p. 238). 

This species is allied to davisi Knight, but 
is distinguished by the thick, more inflated 
form of its second antennal segment. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.34, vertex 0.86. Rostrum extending 
slightly beyond middle of sternum, length 
1.50. Antennae, first segment, length 0.35, 
thickness 0.17; second segment, 1.73, strong- 
ly inflated, thickness 0.30 at middle, taper- 
ing off at either end. Pronotum, length 1.60, 
width at base 2.20, disk moderately convex, 
with coarse, rugulose punctation. Scutellum 
moderately convex, finely punctate. Clavus 
and corium with shallow, rugulose puncta- 
tion. Clothed with short, recumbent, pale 
to dusky pubescence. General color reddish 
brown, calli black, membrane fuscous, veins 
darker. 

Known Distripution. — Originally de- 
scribed from Lake Tahoe, California, and 
later found in Oregon and the Santa Cata- 
lina Mountains of Arizona. It occurs on 
pines. 

Illinois Record.—A single female speci- 
men in the Illinois Natural History Survey 
collection bears the data, “Havana, IIL, 
Sept. 21, 1895, at lights in town, collected 
by Hempel.” This specimen can be identi- 
fied only as Largidea grossa, although this 
species has always been considered to be 
restricted to the far western states. This 
surprising distribution record cannot at the 
present time be explained. 


64+ Ittinoris NaturAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


CLIVINEMINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


Membrane distinctly pubescent; collar not 
distinctly hooded over head.......... 
bette: _...........Bothynotus, p. 64 

Membrane glabrous, or with extremely 
fine pubescence only; collar hooded or 
somewhat elevated above head........ 

SE CMENR IS 2! cert a: Clivinema, p. 64 


Clivinema Reuter 


No Illinois species; Clivinema_ villosa 
Reuter occurs in Montana, Oklahoma, 
Texas. 


Bothynotus Fieber 


Bothynotus modestus (Wirtner) 
Neobothynotus modestus Wirtner (1917, p. 
34). 
This species is distinguished from the 
other known American species by its large 
size and longer antennae; also, the length 


Fig. 103.— Bothynotus modestus, &. 


of the second antennal segment is much 
greater than the width of the head. 
Mare.—Fig. 103. Length 5.10, width 
2.40. Head width 0.99, vertex 0.56. Ros- 
trum reaching to bases of hind coxae, length 
1.60. Antennae, first segment, length 0.49, 


Vol. 22; Art. 


fusco-brownish, strongly pubescent; second 
segment, 1.50, black, cylindrical, equal in 
thickness to first segment, thickly clothed 
with suberect pubescence; third, 0.69, slen- 
der, pale to dusky, clothed with long pubes- 
cence; fourth, 0.35, slender, fuscous. Pro- 
notum, length 1.30, width at base 1.90; disk 
convex, coarsely and _ closely punctate, 
clothed with long fuscous pubescence. Scu- 
tellum strongly convex, impunctate, pubes- 
cent. Hemelytra with emboliar margins 
subparallel, with sharp edge, clavus and co- 
rium strongly, transversely rugulose; mem- 
brane and veins uniformly dark fuscous, 
thickly clothed with erect fuscous pubes- 
cence. Body black, distinctly shining, head 
red, tylus black, legs very dark brown, 
tibiae somewhat paler and translucent. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 2.60; em- 
boliar margins distinctly arcuate. Head 
width 1.01, vertex 0.65. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.51; second, 1.20, more 
slender than first segment, black, paler on 
basal half, clothed with long pubescence; 
third, 0.73; fourth, 0.56. More robust than 
male, but similar in color and pubescence. 

Known DistripuTion.—Described from 
Pennsylvania, where it was found on pine 
trees. Single specimens are now known 
from Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, Ohio. 
Apparently this is a rare but widely distrib- 
uted species. 

Illinois Record—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 
eee 


DERAEOCORINAE 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Second antennal segment broad and 
distinctly flattened, fig: 20222. enam 
Eales San tee Hesperophylum, p. 74 
Second antennal segment cylindrical, 


fig. 105............4 |r 2 


2. Antennae linear, very long and of 
nearly equal thickness throughout, 
fig. 105; vertex transversely striate 
and longitudinally sulcate, fig. 104; 
second segment of hind tarsus much 
shorter than either first or third seg- 
ments; usually large, elongate species 
ey weet i Eustictus, p. 65 

Antennae not so long or linear, second 
segment slender at base and slightly 
enlarged toward apex, third segment 
slender, fig. 107; vertex usually pol- 
ished; second segment of hind tarsus 


September, 1941 


as long as either first or third seg- 
ments. Gt NEATLY: SD. yi. cto. gu-.akan es 3 


Se 
wl: AQ Ge 


Fig. 104.—Head and pronotum of Eustictus 
salicicola. 


3. Head strongly produced and_ nearly 
horizontal, facial angle acute, tylus 
projecting beyond apex of first an- 
tennal segment, fig. 108; emboliar 
margin thin and broadly expanded, 
mes meatty parallel... ......2.- 
joe ee Eurychilopterella, p. 73 

Head less produced, scarcely surpassing 
middle of first antennal segment, fig. 
107, facial angle either one of 90 
degrees or only slightly less; embo- 
Iameentok as above. 4.25252. 2.054. 


Eustictus Reuter 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Hind tibiae with long, fine hairs on 
basal half, these hairs distinctly 
longer than true spines............ 2 

Hind tibiae with minute pubescence on 
basal half, these hairs not so long as 
PENNS far ps Fo inci pct eo 0% 3 


2. Pronotal disk uniformly very dark 
brown; legs chiefly reddish, tibiae 
without paler bands; length 8.00-— 
LS as ee filicornis, p. 66 

Pronotal disk black, but paler near 
basal margin; legs pale testaceous 
and marked with black, tibiae dis- 
tinctly marked with four alternating 
pale and fuscous bands............ 
2. eee venatorius, p. 66 


3. Pronotal disk with median portion 
black; broad, pale areas with dark 
punctures present at lateral margins; 
width of vertex of male only slightly 
greater than thickness of first an- 
tennal segment; length, male 6.90, 
female 7A0. 22. 2: salicicola, p. 65 

Pronotal disk chiefly dark brown, not 


KwnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or MiriIpAz, OF ILLINOIS 65 


paler at lateral margins; width of 
vertex of male twice as great as thick- 
ness of first antennal segment; 
length, male 5.50-6.00, female 7.00 
TR necopinus, p. 66 


Eustictus salicicola Knight 


Eustictus salicicola Knight (1923d, p. 482). 

This is allied to venatorius Van Duzee, 
but differs in the form of its antennae, its 
tibial pubescence and the color pattern of 
the dorsum. 

Mate.—Fig. 105. Length 6.90, width 
2.40. Head width 1.19, vertex 0.08, height 


of eye 0.77; eyes prominent, projecting above 


Fig. 105.— Eustictus salicicola, &. 


vertex and below gula. Rostrum, length 
2.77, attaining posterior margins of hind 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.81, 
pale, marked with black; second, 2.31, dark 
fuscous, paler on basal one-sixth but with 
faint dark spots, extreme apex paler, rather 
densely covered with fine, short, pale pubes- 
cence, a few hairs slightly longer, but none 
exceeding thickness of segment; third, 1.05, 
black, paler apically; fourth, 0.91, black. 
Pronotum, length 1.25, width at base 2.00; 


66 ItLiIno1is NATURAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


median portion of disk black, broad pale 
areas with dark punctures present at lateral 
margins; propleura very dark brown, lower 
Scutellum black, basal angles 
paler; minutely, sparsely pubescent. Hem- 
elytra glabrous, pale, translucent and 
marked with fuscous, but without large 
spots on basal half as in venatorius; clavus 
black on either side of commissure, slender 
dark markings bordering claval veins; cori- 
um with punctures; radius, and large spot 
on inner apical angle, dark fuscous to black; 
embolium scarcely darkened at apex, ex- 
treme outer edge black, width 2.50. Cuneus 
pale, translucent, inner apical margin black- 
ish. Membrane pale, smoky within areoles, 
veins slightly darker, a fuscous mark border- 
ing apical margin of larger areole. Legs 
pale and marked with black; femora with 
apical half marked and spotted with black, 
an irregular pale but spotted subapical an- 
nulus; tibiae with four paler bands but more 
or less interrupted with dark spots, pubes- 
cence short, not attaining length of true 
spines. Venter pale greenish with reddish 
marks. 

FEMALE.—Length 7.40, width 2.77; very 
similar to male in coloration, but differs in 
pilose character of antennae. 

Hasits.—This species occurs on the bark 
of willow trees where it may be predacious 
on aphids and other small insects. 

Known DistripuTION. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, 
Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—Five males and 8 fe- 
males, taken June 17 to Sept. 7, are from 
Alton, Chicago, Galesburg, Havana, Law- 
renceville, Metropolis, Mount Carmel, 
Rosiclare, Savanna. 


margins pale. 


Eustictus filicornis (Walker) 


Capsus filicornis Walker (1873, p. 96). 
Megacoelum grossum Uhler (1887c, p. 70). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Mas- 
sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Penn- 
sylvania, Virginia; occurs on yellow pine 
(Pinus echinata). 


Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee 
Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee (1912, p. 
479). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from New 
York, where it occurs on hickory trees. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Eustictus necopinus Knight 


Eustictus necopinus Knight (1923d, p. 481). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from British 


Columbia, District of Columbia, Massa- 
chusetts, New York, Ontario; occurs on 
aspen. 


Deraeocoris Fieber 


KEY TO GROUPS AND 
SUBGENERA 


1. Claws not cleft or only slightly cleft, 
fig. S40 cee Group G, p. 72 
Claws deeply cleft near base, figs. 33, 
30 


2. Scutellum punctate... 4-,3-aee Group 
A, Subgenus Camptobrochis, p. 66 
Scutellum impunctate: .. 37a 3 


3. Dorsum practically glabrous, at most 
only sparsely and finely pubescent 
(nol rubbed specimens), rarely with a 
few hairs at anterior angle of pro- 
notum; hind tibiae with a row of 
spines or heavily chitinized hairs on 
anteriontacce, 2 somes Group B, p. 69 

Dorsum heavily pubescent or hairy, at 
least with long hairs at anterior 
angles of pronotum; hind tibiae 
without distinct spines on anterior 
face, usually closely set with promi- 
nent long hairs. 2... 3558 Group 
D, Subgenus Euarmosus, p. 73 


Group A 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Dorsum bright red; clavus, a pair of 
large spots on corium and pronotum 
blackau32 2 a.d ee histrio, p. 69 

Dorsum not red and black as above... 2 


2. Cuneus red or stained with reddish; 
membrane hyaline or with only a 
fuscous spot at apex, or a point either 


side of middle;.... -.. 4. ee 3 


Cuneus infuscated or marked with 
black, rarely reddish; if reddish, 


membrane distinctly black; mem- 
brane usually heavily marked with 
fuscous; if not, cuneus without a 


trace of reddish..... Lh. ir 4 


3. Length of second antennal segment not 
equal to length of pronotum; two 
fuscous spots on apical half of mem- 
brane, darkest specimens developing 


September, 1941 


a brownish cloud distad of spots... . 
RR aes hss Ge Otte. ak ornatus, p. 67 
Length of second antennal] segment at 
least equal to length of pronotum; 
membrane infuscated at apex...... 
Sy aed eee eo poecilus, p. 67 
4. Membrane nearly clear, but having two 
small fuscous points, one at either 
side on apical half...nebulosus, p. 67 
Membrane with apical half heavily 
gahuseated... <..% fs... nubilus, p. 69 


Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler) 


Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhler (1872, p. 
“DN 


Aputt.—Length 3.50-3.90, width 1.75- 
2.00; ovate, shining; olivaceo-testaceous, 
darkened with black, or fuscous to black 
with pale markings; membrane clear, a pair 
of small fuscous points on apical half, one 
on either side of middle. Male genitalia 
as in fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Predacious; occurs most fre- 
quently on bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) 
and maple (Acer sp.), but also on other 
trees. 

Known DistriBuTIoN.—Common in the 
eastern states and westward to Texas and 
Colorado. 

Illinois Records. — One hundred fifty 
males and 175 females, taken May 11 to 
Noy. 1, are from Algonquin, Allerton, Al- 
ton, Antioch, Cary, Centralia, Champaign, 
Chicago, Cobden, Danville, De Soto, Dol- 
son, Dubois, Eichorn, Elizabeth, Ernst, 
Fairmount, Frankfort, Galena, Galesburg, 
Giant City, Grafton, Grand Tower, Har- 


risburg, Havana, Kansas, Lawrenceville, 
Meredosia, Metropolis, Milford, Monti- 
cello, Muncie, Normal, Oquawka, Palos 


Park, Paris, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, 
Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, Ur- 
bana, Warsaw, White Heath, White Pines 
Forest State Park, Willow Springs, Zion. 


Deraeocoris ornatus Knight 


Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) ornatus Knight 
(1921, p. 99). 

This species is very similar to poecilus 
(McAtee), but the second antennal seg- 
ment is shorter in proportion to the length 
of the pronotum and the punctures on the 
disk are finer; the two rounded fuscous 
spots on the apical half of the membrane 
are suggestive of nebulosus (Uhler), but 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 67 


the darkest specimens of ornatus may de- 
velop a brownish cloud distad of the spots. 
Mave.—Length 4.50, width 2.08. Head 
width 1.01, vertex 0.40. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.34; second, 1.11, scarcely 
equal to length of pronotum, thickness 0.08, 
black, brown annulus indicated at middle; 
third, 0.40; fourth, 0.40. Pronotum, length 
1.14, width at base 1.92; calli black, a red- 
dish brown stripe extends around posterior 
margin and more or less toward anterior 
angles of disk; grayish testaceous, paler 
near margins of disk and at median line, 
not so distinctly brownish as in poecilus. 
Scutellum reddish brown to piceous, punc- 
tures black, apex and lateral margins ivory 
white, median line usually indicated. Hem- 
elytra grayish, translucent; punctures, frenal 
margin, areas bordering commissure, spot 
at middle, and stripe along apical margin 
of corium, piceous; tip of embolium trans- 
lucent, reddish. Cuneus red, translucent, 
paler at inner angle and outer margin; 
several very fine, black punctures evident. 
Membrane pale, brachium infuscated, more 
or less invading membrane on both sides; 
a pair of rounded fuscous spots present on 
apical half, one either side of middle, dark- 
est specimens developing a brownish cloud 
distad of spots. Genitalia as in fig. 106. 
FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 2.34; very 
similar to male. Second antennal segment, 
length 1.08; slightly shorter than length of 
pronotum, which is 1.20, black, middle one- 
third testaceous or brownish; all other seg- 
ments black. 
Known Distrispution. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota. 
Illinois Records.—D1xon Sprincs: May 
9, 1935, C. O. Mohr, 49. ErcHorn: May 
11, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 19. Gotconpa: 
May 10, 1935, C. O. Mohr, 19. PixKe: 
June 28, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 29. 
VIENNA: June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
19. One female labeled “Ill.” in the C. 
V. Riley collection, USNM. 


Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee) 


Camptobrochis poecilus McAtee (1919, p. 


246). 
Deraeocoris cuneatus Knight (1921, p. 96). 


Aputts.—Length 4.00—-5.00, width 2.00- 
2.50; slightly larger than, but structurally 
very close to, nebulosus (Uhler) ; olivaceo- 
testaceous to brownish and black, cuneus 
red, membrane clear, a rather distinct, some- 


68 ILLtino1is Naturat History Survey BULLETIN V ol. 22, Age 


| AG 


ALN/ICOLA ALBIGULUS APHI/IDIPHAGUS 


D® 


BOREAL BETULAE 


PINICOLA QUERCICOLA SAY/ 
ax 
NUB/ILUS 
NEBULOSUS 


\ 


POEC/LUS ORNATUS 


Fig. 106.—Male genital claspers of Deraeocoris. A, B, left clasper; C, right clasper. 


September, 1941 


what oval-shaped, fuscous spot at apex. 
Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Predacious; occurs most fre- 
quently on alder (Alnus rugosa) and red 
birch (Betula nigra). 

Known DistrisuTion.—lllinois, Minne- 
sota, New York, Pennsylvania, West Vir- 
ginia. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty males and 25 
females, taken May | to July 26, are from 
Antioch, Carmi, Charleston, Eichorn, Eliza- 
bethtown, Galena, Grafton, Grand Tower, 
Harrisburg, Havana, Herod, Lawrence- 
ville, Metropolis, Pike, Quincy, Rock Island, 
Starved Rock State Park, West Union. 


Deraeocoris histrio (Reuter) 


Callicapsus histrio Reuter (1876, p. 75). 

Aputts.—Length 4.50—-5.00, width 2.00- 
2.30; dorsum bright red; clavus, a pair of 
large spots on corium and pronotum black. 
Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Found breeding on smartweed 
(Polygonum muhlenbergii) in Minnesota 
and Colorado, where it appeared to be 
predacious in part on certain Fulgoridae. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-two males and 
51 females, taken May 4 to Nov. 10, are 
from Algonquin, Argo, Bath, Canton, Cham- 
paign, Chicago, Galesburg, Grand Tower, 
Havana, Homer Park, Kampsville, Metrop- 
olis, Normal, Palos Park, Putnam, Quincy, 
Savanna, Savoy, Starved Rock State Park, 
Urbana. 


Deraeocoris nubilus Knight 


Deraeocoris (Camptobrochis) nubilus Knight 
(1921, p. 106). 


Aputts.—Length 4.20-4.80, width 2.00- 
2.30; male more elongate than female, apical 
half of membrane usually heavily infuscated ; 
disk of pronotum fuscous to black behind 
calli, median line pale; femora biannulate 
with apical half pale. Male genitalia as in 
fig. 106. 

Hasirs.—Occurs on pine 
bus) ; probably predacious. 

Known Distrisution.—Illinois, Minne- 
sota, Nebraska, New England states, New 
York, North Carolina, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Srarvep Rock STATE 
Park: July 14, 1932, on Pinus strobus, 
Dozier & Park, 14; Sept. 17, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, 19. Wuure Pines For- 
EsT State Park: July 4, 1932, on Pinus 


(Pinus 


stro- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAk, OF ILLINOIS 69 


strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 66 8, 5792 ; July 
12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 29. 


Group B 
KEY TO SPECIES 
1. Tibiae with fuscous or pale bands.... 2 
Tibiae uniformly pale or yellowish... 7 


ht 


Membrane with a distinctly rounded 
fuscous spot on apical half, fre- 
quently connected at base by a 
fuscous streak extending down from 
between areoles, thus leaving a 
large pale spot on either side of 
middle and on area bordering apex 


OL CUmMCUG aster antares erect 3 
Membrane usually somewhat infus- 
éated: but net as.above®....0..4. A 


3. Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray 
behind each; in pale specimens, 
calli may be somewhat brownish, 
but, in such cases, median line and 
margins of disk distinctly pale, 
leaving a dark brown ray behind 
each callus; hemelytra with clavus 
and corium piceous, embolium pale 
Say RL eee ee borealis, p. 71 

Calli more or less invaded with brown- 
ish, or pale, distinct rays not appar- 
ent behind calli; hemelytra and pro- 
notum more uniformly colored, 
either dull yellowish brown or dark 


.....fasciolus var. fasciolus p. 70 


4. Rostrum extending slightly beyond 
posterior margins of hind coxae; 
membrane with apical half scarcely 
infuscated; femora pale but with 
two distinct black bands near apex; 
hind tibiae with two fuscous annull 
en’ basal half) 225.53 grandis, p. 71 

Rostrum scarcely attaining posterior 
margins of hind coxae; membrane, 
femora and hind tibiae not having 
above combination of characters. . 5 


5. Femora uniformly dark on apical half, 
likewise basal part in darkest speci- 
mens; venter distinctly reddish, 
sometimes dark chestnut red, shin- 
Tat ARNE Reise ar te Scene AR betulae, p. 70 

Femora with apical half distinctly 
banded or entirely pale... . 

6. Second antennal segment provided 

with prominent, pale, erect hairs, 

their length equal to three times 
thickness of segment; pronotum 


70 


“I 


ie 


Ittinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


with discoidal margins pale, calli 
and posterior part of disk black, 
forming a ray behind each callus, 
thus leaving median line pale...... 
AG, oat ekg rene cates ate alnicola, p. 70 
Second antennal segment without 
prominent, exserted hairs or, if such 
hairs present, their length never 
more than twice thickness of seg- 
ment; pronotal disk without distinct 
rays, sometimes black, but Jateral 
margins not distinctly pales ips 
_aphidiphagus, p. 71 
Find’ ena wi two brown or fus- 
cous bands near apex; apical half 
of membrane with a distinctly 
rounded fuscous spot, usually con- 
nected at base by a fuscous streak 
that extends. up between large 
APEOLeSe eri 032 be ee tartaerene s-4 8 
Hind femora with but one fuscous 
band; apical half of membrane pale 
or clouded with fuscous, but fus- 
cous area not forming a rounded 
Spat on apical Walierc awe cr eae 9 
Calli solid black, a broad piceous ray 
behind each; in pale specimens, calli 
may be somewhat brownish, but, 
in such case, median line and mar- 
gins of disk distinctly pale, leav- 
ing a dark brown ray behind each 
callus; hemelytra with clavus and 
corium piceous, embolium pale. . 
aR ome AAR borealis, p. 7 
Calli more or less invaded with brown- 
ish or pale areas, distinct rays not 
apparent behind calli; hemelytra 
and pronotum more uniformly 
colored, fulvo-testaceous to dark 
brownish tc stk ey rae), Berks ae 
PAL get. fasciolus var. castus, p. 70 


. Dorsum uniformly very dark brown; 


calli and scutellum black......... 
NS os Pee oe Rate a areee davisi, p. 72 
Dorsum pale to testaceous and brown- 
ish, frequently becoming fuscous 
or black but always with some pale 
areas; calli margined with black or 
entirely: black. ues: caper ae 10 


. Calli black only around margins, dor- 


sum rich brownish to deep brown, 
Sitges) eee nitenatus, p. 79 
Calli entirely black, or, if not, dorsum 
pallid and ai chee daiceted 
spots on each hemelytron, one at 
apex, one at middle and one at base.11 
Dorsum fuscous to black, usually with 


V ol. 22;%Ari 


a pale median line running over disk 
and scutellum; hemelytra darkened 
to such an extent that three blotch- 
like, fuscous spots are not apparent 
..quercicola var. quercicola, p. 71 
Dorsum pallid brown with three dark 
spots, one at base, one at middle 
and one at apex of each hemelytron; 
calli usually entirely black, but, in 
pale specimens, calli only margined 
with black. 2....<.4.4> eee 
oa quercicola var. pallens, p. 71 


Deraeocoris betulae Knight 


Deraeocoris betulae Knight (1921, p. 129). 

No Illinois specimens; known from the 
New England and Middle Atlantic states; 
occurs on birch (Betula lutea). Male geni- 
talia as in fig. 106. 


Deraeocoris alnicola Knight 


Deraeocoris alnicola Knight (1921, p. 132). 
No Illinois specimens; known from Con- 


necticut, Ontario, New York; occurs on 
alder (Alnus incana). Male genitalia as in 
fig. 106. 


Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight 


Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight (1921, p. 123). 

ApuLts.—Length 6.50, width 2.80-3.10; 
usually slightly smaller than borealis (Van 
Duzee), disk of pronotum more uniformly 
colored, calli more or less invaded with 
brownish or pale and without distinct rays 
behind; left genital clasper very similar to 
that of borealis, but right clasper distinctive, 
fig. 106. 

In the variety fasciolus castus Knight 
(1921, p. 125) the tibiae are uniformly yel- 
lowish rather than partly dark, as in the 
typical form; castus has not been taken in 
Illinois. 

Hasits.—Occurs on hawthorns (Cra- 
taegus sp.) and apple trees, where it feeds 
on the rosy aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Lin- 
naeus). In New York the author found 
the white, wax-coated nymphs of D. fascio- 
lus frequenting the aphid-curled leaves, feed- 
ing on aphids and their honeydew excretions. 

Illinois Records——NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 


July, 1g, 19. AwntiocH: Aug. 1, 1930, 
Frison, Knight & Ross, 19. GaALENA: 
June 30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 19. 


MonrTice.to: June 11, 1934, Frison & De- 


September, 1941 


Long, 1 ¢,19. WAUKEGAN: July 6, 1932, 
on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison, 19. WuLLow 
Sprincs: July 8, 1906, W. J. Gerhard, 
19, FM. 


Deraeocoris borealis (Van Duzee) 


Camptobrochys borealis Van Duzee (1920, 
p. 354). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Michi- 
gan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; occurs on 
alders. Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 


Deraeocoris grandis (Uhler) 


Camptobrochis grandis Uhler (1887a, p. 230). 

Aputts.—Length 6.40-7.00, width 2.90- 
3.10. Distinguished by its long rostrum, 
which reaches the second abdominal ster- 
nite. Dorsum rather uniformly dark brown; 
median line of pronotal disk with a rather 
broad, pale stripe, but this area only slightly 
paler than that behind calli. Legs pale; 
apical half of hind femora and basal half of 
tibiae with two black annulations. Mem- 
brane uniformly pale smoky on the apical 
half. Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 

Hasirs.—Occurs on hickory (Carya sp.). 

Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, Lowa, 
Maryland, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
19. CHAmpaIGN: June 15, 1888, at elec- 
tric light, C. A. Hart. FRANKFoRT: June 
8, 1933, on Carya sp., Mohr & Townsend, 
1 or 


Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight 


Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight (1921, p. 
134). 


Aputts.—Fig. 107. Length 5.80-6.10, 
width 2.90-6.10. Fusco-grayish to black, 
paler and translucent parts not stained with 
brownish; apical half of membrane infus- 
cated; tibiae with three black annulations; 
left genital clasper with a long horn at 
dorsal extremity, internal arm slender, fig. 
106. 

Hasits.—I have found this species breed- 
ing only on elm (Ulmus sp.), in curled 
leaves infested with Eriosoma americanum 
(Riley). Both nymphs and adults feed on 
the aphids and their honeydew excretions. 
The nymphs are coated with a white, wax- 
like material similar to that which covers 
the aphids, and in the early stages, at least, 
they are rather inconspicuous, as they live 


KwnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or MirIpDAE, OF ILLINOIS 7\| 


among the aphids and their excretory prod- 
ucts. This species of mirid must be regarded 
as a beneficial species, as it reduces the num- 
bers of elm aphids. 

Known DistriBUTION.—Several eastern 
states; taken as far west as Arkansas, Colo- 
rado, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Da- 
kota. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males 
and 13 females, taken June 5 to July 18, are 


Fig. 107.— Deraeocoris aphidiphagus, &. 


from Alto Pass, Antioch, Augerville, Cham- 
paign, Elgin, Frankfort, Galesburg, Grand 
Detour, Hardin, Lacon, Normandy, Ur- 
bana, Willow Springs. 


Deraeocoris quercicola Knight 


Deraeocoris quercicola Knight (1921, p. 138). 

Apu tts.—Length 5.50—-5.80, width 2.40- 
2.80. General color fuscous to black. Calli 
black; apical half of membrane smoky, 
rarely as pale as in nitenatus Knight. Left 
genital clasper with a long dorsal horn that 
is very distinctive when contrasted with the 
form of the internal arm, fig. 106. 

Specimens of this species in which the calli 
are more or less pale, the hemelytra are 
pallid or yellowish, and the corium has a 
black spot in the middle, have been desig- 
nated variety pallens Knight (1921, p. 140). 
This variety and the typical one occur to- 
gether in IIlinois. 

Hasits.—Occurs on white oak (Quercus 


72 Ittinois NATuRAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


alba), bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa), bass- 
wood (Tilia sp.) and hawthorn (Crataegus 
sp.). 

Known DistrinuTION.—A common spe- 
cies in the northeastern states; known also 
from Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, New 
Mexico, and southeastward into Georgia 
and North Carolina. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 
36 females, taken June 2 to July 16, are 
from Antioch, Apple River Canyon State 
Park, Champaign, Chicago, Elizabethtown, 
Frankfort, Galena, Galesburg, Grand De- 
tour, Keithsburg, Manito, Monticello, 
Mount Carroll, Urbana, Waukegan, White 
Pines Forest State Park, Willow Springs, 
Zion. Blatchley (19264, p. 900) also records 
this species from Glen Ellyn. 


Deraeocoris davisi Knight 


Deraeocoris davisi Knight (1921, p. 140). 

Apu tts.—Length 5.30, width 2.50. Gen- 
eral color uniformly brownish black; legs 
and antennae chiefly pale, hind femora with 
an incomplete dark annulus on apical half; 
membrane with apical half very faintly but 
uniformly stained with brownish, veins and 
areoles darkened with brownish; closely re- 
lated to guercicola Knight, but the internal 
arm of left clasper more highly developed, 
fig. 106. 

Known Distrisution. — An uncommon 
species, known only from Alabama, Illinois, 
New York, North Carolina, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—Poto: May 31, 1933, 
Ross & Townsend, 1 g. VIENNA: June 14, 
1934, savanna grasses, DeLong & Ross, 
ioe 


Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight 


Camptobrochis nitens Reuter (1909, p. 56). 
Preoccupied. 

Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight (1921, p. 141). 

Apu.ts.—Length 5.70-6.00, width 2.00- 
2.99. General aspect very similar to querci- 
cola Knight, but more highly polished, calli 
black around margins only. Dorsum rich 
brownish to dark brownish and piceous, fre- 
quently brownish on scutellum, but rarely 
black each side of median line. Brachium 
and apex of areoles dark fuscous, apical half 
of membrane practically clear; male genital 
claspers distinctive for species, fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Breeds on elm (Ulmus sp.), 
basswood (Tilia americana), and other 
trees, where it is predacious on the woolly 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), 
and, probably, other aphids. 

Known DistripuTiIon.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Minne- 
sota, New England, North Carolina, Que- 
bec, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—ANTI0cH: July 5-7, 
1932, on Tilia sp., T. H. Frison et al., 1@. 
GALESBURG: July 24, 1892,14¢,19. 


Group C 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Dorsum practically glabrous, at most 

only sparsely and finely pubescent 

(not rubbed specimens), rarely with 

a few hairs at anterior angles of 
pronotum........2. 7)... 2 

Dorsum heavily pubescent, at least 

with long hairs at anterior angles of 
pronotum........ 4.) 5.22 3 


2. Second antennal segment of female 
with prominent exserted hairs, length 
of hairs one and one-half times the 
thickness of segment where they 
occur. Second antennal segment of 
male as thick at middle as on the 
apical half, and length of exserted 
hairs equal to one and one-half times 
the thickness of segment.......... 
force tN ae aa laricicola, p. 73 

Second antennal segment of female with 
erect hairs but length of hairs barely 
equal to twice the thickness of seg- 
ment where they occur. Second 
antennal segment of the male slender 
on basal half, distinctly thicker on 
apical half than at middle; length of 
hairs not greater than maximum 
thickness of second segment........ 
ee RR Re uA, pinicola, p. 73 


3. Pronotum, hemelytra and legs uni- 
formly dark, sepia brown or black, 
semitranslucent areas stained with 
brownish; hind tibiae usually with 
distinct annulated pale bands on 
apical nalts 4) daone ee nigritulus, p. 73 

Pronotum usually fusco-grayish or 
black; hemelytra fuscous to black, 
becoming paler in certain areas but 
not stained with brownish; legs very 
dark brown, hind tibiae sometimes 
with indistinct pale bands on apical 
half; front coxae, xyphus, lower mar- 
gins of propleura, gula, and sides of 
tylus; pale. es ieee albigulus, p. 73 


September, 1941 


Deraeocoris pinicola Knight 


Deraeocoris pinicola Knight (1921, p. 162). 

Aputts.—Length 5.70-6.00, width 2.60- 
2.90; calli margined or lined with black, 
antero-lateral angles invaded by light-col- 
ored areas; median line of front and areas 
just anterior to calli pale to ivory white; 
general color pale to grayish, darkened with 
black, not at all tinged with brownish. Male 
genitalia as in fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Occurs cn white pine (Pinus 
strobus) ; predacious on Chermes pinicortizis 
(Fitch). This species may also attack 
aphids, such as Cinara strobi (Fitch) and 
Eulachnus rileyi (Williams), which com- 
monly occur on white pines growing in IIli- 
nois. 

Known DistriputTion. — lowa, Minne- 
sota and states to the east where white pine 
grows. 

Illinois Records—WuHiITE PINEs For- 
EST STATE Park: July 4, 1932, on Pinus 
strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 1 2? ; June 4, 1933, 
on Pinus strobus, Ross & Townsend, 1 2. 


Deraeocoris Jaricicola Knight 


Deraeocoris laricicola Knight (1921, p. 164). 

Aputts.—Length 6.00-6.50, width 2.70- 
2.80; very suggestive of pinicola Knight, but 
slightly larger and more elongate. Antennae 
with prominent, exserted hairs; male geni- 
tal claspers distinctive, fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Occurs on larch (Larix lari- 
cina). 

Known Distrisution. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records——AntTiocH: July 5-7, 
1932, T. H. Frison et al..69. Voto: June 
11, 1936, Ross & Burks, 22,29. 


Deraeocoris nigritulus Knight 


Deraeocoris nigritulus Knight (1921, p. 170). 

Not taken in Illinois. Breeds on Virginia 
pine (Pinus virginiana) ; known from Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Maryland, Ohio, Vir- 
ginia. Male genitalia as in fig. 106. 


Deraeocoris albigulus Knight 


Deraeocoris albigulus Knight (1921, p. 171). 
Not yet collected in Illinois. Occurs on 
pine; known from Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, 
Minnesota, New York; will surely be found 
in Illinois eventually. Male genitalia as in 


fig. 106. 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripas, oF ILLINOIS 13 


Group D 


Deraeocoris sayi (Reuter) 


Euarmosus sayi Reuter (1876, p. 76). 

ApuLts.—Length 7.40—-7.90, width 3.40- 
3.80; distinctly hairy. Color chiefly black, 
with considerable variation in the color of 
the head, pronotum and scutellum. In the 
darkest form, var. unicolor Knight (1921, 
p. 177), these parts are mostly or entirely 
black; in the lightest form, var. sayi, most 
of them are reddish. Various intermediate 
conditions occur between these extremes, 
these taken in Illinois representing var. 
mairginata Knight (1921, p. 176), frontalis 
Fnight (1921, p. 177) and costalis Knight 
(1921, p. 177). Male genitalia, fig. 106. 

Hasits.—Occurs on oaks (Quercus sp.). 

Known Distrinution.—Described from 
Texas and since found in Florida, Georgia, 
Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, 
Minnesota, Mississippi, New York, North 
Carolina. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 


24. SouTHERN ILutnois: 19. ALcon- 
ouin: May 27, 1899, 1 ¢; June 8-12, 
1900524" June’ 13;..1905, “Nason; ~ 1-4". 


CHIcaco: June 9, 1 g. GALEsBuURG: Strom- 
bere, lool ov; June 2-14, as 125 july 
17, 1892, 19 ; June 14-19, 1893, Stromberg, 
1¢,19. Gren ELLyn: June 18-19, W. 
Je-Gerhard, hg, M,'24, 19. 


Eurychilopterella Reuter 
KEY TO SPECIES 


Dorsum of body fuscous to black on a pale 
backotound...% 22 fv tcee ve luridula, p. 73 

Dorsum of body uniformly fuscous brown 

brunneata, p. 74 


Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter 


Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter (1909, p. 
60). 

Mace.—Fig. 108. Length 4.50, width 
1.80; fuscous to black on a pale background ; 
pronotum coarsely punctured; dorsum 
clothed with stiff, erect pubescence. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.03; more 
robust than male, but very similar in colora- 
tion. 

Hapits.—Occurs on apple (Pyrus malus) 
and elm (Ulmus sp.) ; evidently predacious 
in habits. 


74 Intinois NaTrurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Known DIstrRIBUTION.—District of Co- 


lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New 
York, South Carolina, Virginia. 
Illinois Records.—Itirnors: July 9, 


1892, 19. NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 2 6. CHI- 


aE 


aye 


Fig. 108.— Eurychilopterella luridula, o. 


caco: Aug. 10, 1909, A. B. Wolcott, 19, 
FM; Sept. 12, 1919, on elm, W. J. Gerhard, 
19,¥FM. URBANA: July 7, 1915, tree trunk, 
19 ; Sept. 28, 1915, tree trunk, 1 @. 


Eurychilopterella brunneata Knight 


Eurychilopterella brunneata Knight (1927d, 
p. 141). 

This species is distinguished from luridula 
Reuter by its uniformly fuscous-brown col- 
oration, longer head and larger size. 

Mate.—Length 4.70, width 2.10. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.38, head length 0.71, ex- 
tending 0.44 beyond front of eyes; hori- 
zontal, flattened beneath; gula slightly sul- 
cate; lower margins of eyes extending slight- 
ly below gula. Rostrum, length 3.20, reach- 
ing to base of genital segment. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.29, more slender on 
basal half; second, 1.26, cylindrical, equal 
to thickness of first segment; third, 0.44; 
fourth, 0.36; last two segments slender. 
Pronotum, length 1.18, width at base 1.77; 
disk more distinctly flattened than in luridu- 
la, coarsely and closely punctate; calli con- 
fluent, smooth, smaller than in Juridula. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


General color dark, fuscous brown; pro- 
notum slightly darker; head, collar and legs 
more yellowish brown; membrane and veins 
uniformly brownish. Clothed with thickly 
set, erect, rather long, yellowish brown 
pubescence. 

Illinois Record.—C ray City: Aug. 17, 
1911 Cs Arelartr leg 


Hesperophylum Reuter 
Hesperophylum heidemanni Reuter 


py LE heidemanni Reuter (19124, 
foo Ue 
This is a rare species, yet widely distrib- 
uted as indicated by the few records. Orig- 
inally described from a New Hampshire 
specimen, it was later taken at Washington, 
D. C. (Heidemann). H. G. Barber (1914, 
p. 170) recorded it from Arizona. 
most recent record is a female specimen, 
taken June 26, 1931, in Ames, Iowa (H. 
H. Knight) ; it was collected while sweep- 
ing under trees. This species has not been 
found in Illinois, but doubtless it will be 
eventually. The male is unknown. 

In previous books this genus has frequent- 
ly been considered in a separate family, the 
Termatophylidae. 


ORTHOTYLINAE 
KEY TO TRIBES 


1. Eyes pedunculate, head very broad, 


fig 19.0.2 | pee ee LABOPINI, p. 81 
Eyes not pedunculate, head not un- 
usually broad, figs. 109, 113....... 2 


N 


Pronotum with pleural area separated 
from dorsal part by a distinct suture, 
fig. 22; pronotal disk raised posterior- 
ly and projecting above scutellum; 
clothed with dense, bristly pubes- 
SCenCe-5.. 00 ac eee SEMIINI, p. 75 

Pronotum without a distinct lateral 
suture; pronotal disk not projecting 
above scutellum)..... 7). eee 3 


3. Antlike species with abdomen con- 
stricted at base, figs. 137-141...... 4 
Body not antlike in form, figs. 112, 113 5 


4. Second and third segments of antennae 
equal in thickness, fig. 1372 239 
eacteaton ee SYSTELLONOTINI, p. 116 

Second segment of antennae consider- 
ably thicker than third, fig. 141.... 
ee mee. PILOPHORINI, p. 118 


The’ 


September, 1941 


5. Small, light-colored species clothed 
with intermixed erect pubescence and 
scalelike hairs, and with vertex not 
carinate, fig. 110.. HALTICINI, p. 75 

Not having that combination of char- 
acters: if scalelike hairs present, ver- 
Ree CAGIAAT Gry ait al Vk ee ciceea-ay a 6 

6. Small, compact, black species with 
saltatorial femora, figs. 111, 112, 115 
a Lee HALTICINI, p. 75 

Not compact, black species with salta- 
ETITELUS GACT 9 Sea ae en i 


7. Second and third segments of antennae 
enual in thickness, fio. 135. ..)...... 
Pers cad y CERATOCAPSINI, p. 107 

Second segment of antennae consider- 
ably thicker than third, fig. 129.... 
3 RESIS ede ORTEOTYLINI, p. 81 


SEMIINI 


Semium Reuter 


Semium hirtum Reuter 


Semium hirtum Reuter (1876, p. 80). 
Aputts.—Fig. 109. Length 2.80, width 
1.00; legs and antennae red; head, apex of 


Fig. 109.— Semium hirtum, 9. 


Kwnicut: PLant Bucs, or Miripas, or ILLINoIs 75 


pronotum, and sides of thorax, rosy red; 
basal half of pronotum, clavus, bar across 
apex of corium, and tip of cuneus, velvety 
brown, remaining parts of corium and cu- 
neus white; body densely clothed with erect, 
bristly pubescence. 

Foop PLANts.—Spurges (Euphorbia ade- 
noptera and FE. humistrata); lives on the 
red undersides of the leaves; two Illinois 
specimens were taken on sugar beet (Beta 
vulgaris), but may not have been feeding 
there. 

Known DistriputTion.—Described from 
Texas, and now known also from Califor- 
nia, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, 
Iowa, Kansas, New Jersey, New York, 
Ohio, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records.—Twenty-three males, 
65 females and 2 nymphs, taken July 3 to 
Oct. 13, are from Borton, Centralia, Chi- 
cago, Dongola, Dubois, Fountain Bluff, 
Galesburg, Green Valley, Jewett, Law- 
renceville, Monticello, Savanna, Urbana. 


HALTICINI 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Head without a well-defined, sharp, 
posterior margin, fig. 110; head and 
dorsum thickly clothed with closely 
appressed, scalelike hairs interspersed 
with more nearly erect, long hairs; 
small species, varying in color from 
paler to: dull™plack ja") os eet ae eer 
GM os ey ea a Parthenicus, p. 76 

Head with well-defined, sharp, posterior 
margin, fig. 113; color black........ 2 


2. Antennae very long and slender, second 


segment four or more times as long 
as first segment, fig. 111; brachypter- 
ous forms common and have oval 
body, strongly convex, fig. 112..... 
NA Lane che Sere, Halticus, p. 77 
Antennae shorter, second segment little 
more than three times as long as 
firstisep ment, nie. Sse 2 ces ee ee a) 


3. Length of hairs on third antennal seg- 
ment three times as great as thick- 
ness of segment; antennae and head 
with long, coarse, black hairs...... 
BR Pere es Orthocephalus, p. 81 

Antennae with much shorter pubes- 
cence, fig. 115; head and body in 
most species nearly glabrous....... 

Strongylocoris, p. 78 


76 Ittinors NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Parthenicus Reuter 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Body color fuscous to black; first an- 
tennal segment black, second seg- 


ment-pale. 2... 2.9 nigrellus, p. 77 
Body straw colored to yellowish; an- 
fennae pales o4 are We aoe aor 2 


2. Body and legs uniformly pale yellow- 
ish or pinkish, without flecks or dots 
We he ca, Sea te 2 taxodii, p. 76 
Body more or less pale, hind femora 
pale fuscous, usually sprinkled with 
reddish dots; scutellum fuscous; 
euneus tinted withited... . <a. 


Parthenicus juniperi (Heidemann) 


Psallus juniperi Heidemann (1905, p. 49). 

Mavre.—Fig. 110. Length 3.00, width 
1.00. General color pale yellowish. Cuneus, 
apical one-third of corium and base of head 
tinged with reddish, color sometimes sepa- 
rating into specks; femora pale fuscous, 
sprinkled with reddish; scutellum and base 
of clavus darkened with fuscous. Body 
clothed with fine, erect, golden pubescence, 


Fig. 110.-— Parthenicus juniperi, &. 


V ol.. 22, Areon 


intermixed with more closely appressed, 
scalelike, golden hairs, the hairs tending to 
silvery on scutellum and on transverse area 
extending across corium at tip of clavus; 
pubesence becoming black across apex of 
corium and forming a spot on inner edge 
of cuneus at middle and at base; membrane 
uniformly infuscated and iridescent. 

FEMALE.—Very similar to male in form 
and color. 

Toop PLrant.—Red cedar (Juniperus vir- 
giniana). 

Known DistripuTion.—Ranges widely 
east of the 100th meridian, occurring nearly 
everywhere red cedar grows in natural 
stands. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males 
and 108 females, taken June 10 to July 25, 
are from Alton, Antioch, Eichorn, Ernst, 
Galena, Golconda, Grayville, Hillsboro, 
Kampsville, Karnak, Keithsburg, Oquawka, 
Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, White 
Pines Forest State Park. 


Parthenicus taxodii new species 


This may be distinguished from allied 
species by its small size, its uniformly yel- 
lowish salmon color and its pale fuscous 
membrane. 

Mave.—Length 2.00, width 0.90. Head 
width 0.54, vertex 0.17. Rostrum, length 
0.73, extending very slightly behind pos- 
terior coxae. Antennae yellowish to dusky; 
length of first segment, 0.13; second, 0.73; 
third, 0.43; fourth, 0.30. Pronotum, length 
0.34, width at base 0.73. Dorsum clothed 
with deciduous, silvery to golden, sericeous 
pubescence intermixed with more nearly 
erect, simple, pale pubescence. General col- 
oration rather uniformly yellowish to salm- 
on; strongly colored specimens may have 
scutellum dusky and clavus tinted salmon 
pink; membrane uniformly pale fuscous; 
veins yellowish. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.20, width 0.91. Head 
width 0.47; vertex 0.26. Pronotum, length 
0.32, width at base 0.75. Antennae, length 
of first segment, 0.13; second, 0.70; third, 
0.40; fourth, 0.29. Form more robust than 
that of male, but very similar in pubescence 
and coloration. 

Foop PLAntT.—Bald cypress (Taxodium 
distichum). ; 

Holotype, male.—Karnak, IIl.: July 26, 
1930, on Taxodium distichum, Knight & 
Ross. 


September, 1941 


Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes. — ILiiNois.— Same data as 
for holotype, 39 ¢, 429. Catro: July 27, 
1930, on Taxodium distichum, Knight & 
Ross, 2¢, 69. JoNEsBoro: Aug. 2, 1932, 
H. L. Dozier, 17 2, 349. KARNAK: June 
m1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 13, 19; 
June 14, 1934, on Taxodium distichum, De- 
Long & Ross, 38, 109. SHAWNEETOWN: 
June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 nymph. 
Urpana: Aug. 28, 1917, 1 6,39, 1 nymph. 


Parthenicus nigrellus Knight 


Parthenicus nigrellus Knight (19394, p. 23). 

This species is distinguished from the 
other members of the genus by its black 
color and pale second antennal segment. 

Mare.—Length 3.30, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 
1.40, just attaining hind margins of posteri- 
or coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.39; black; second, 1.18, pale, tinged with 
reddish, clothed with pale and dusky pubes- 
cence ; third, 0.91, pale; fourth, 0.60, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.60, width at base 1.25. 
Form ovate, robust; general color fuscous 
black with a tinge of red in hypodermis 
which is more pronounced on ventral sur- 
face, tips of femora, and base and apex of 
cuneus; membrane uniformly fuscous; veins 
reddish. Legs black, tibiae pale except basal 
one-third; tarsi pale, apices fuscous. Clothed 
with pale to yellowish pubescence intermixed 
with silvery, scalelike hairs. Genital claspers 
distinctive, right clasper spatulate at apex 
and curved so as to form a V-shaped loop 
which turns back over middle of genital 
segment. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.70. More 
robust than male, but very similar in form, 
color and pubescence. 

Known Distrisution. — Georgia, IIli- 
nois, lowa, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—Monrticeti_o: June 
11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, 1 ¢,2¢9. SeEy- 
mour: July 7, 1937, Mohr & Burks, 1 ¢ 
29. 


Halticus Hahn 


KEY “TO SPECIES 


1. Body devoid of scalelike pubescence; 
length of second antennal segment 


Kwnicut: PLAnt Bucs, or MiripAk, OF ILLINOIS U7 


only slightly exceeding width of pro- 
notum at posterior margin........ 
EMER md? MON vcr Pay SiS os apterus, p. 77 
Body above with spots of deciduous, 
scalelike pubescence, figs. 110, 111; 
length of second antennal segment 
considerably greater than width of 
pronotum at posterior margin...... 2 


i) 


Second antennal segment yellow, apex 
with a narrow fuscous area; Jength 
2 ie aries See eee intermedius, p. 77 
Second antennal segment black, or, at 
least, with base and apex black; 
length 2.00—2.20....bracteatus, p. 77 


Halticus apterus (Linnaeus) 


Cicada aptera Linnaeus (1758, p. 438). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Maine, 
Nova Scotia, Ontario. 


Halticus intermedius Uhler 


Halticus intermedius Uhler (1904, p. 360). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Colo- 
rado, Mississippi, New York, North Da- 
kota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania; breeds 
on virgin’s bower (Clematis virginiana). 


Halticus bracteatus (Say) 


Garden Flea Hopper 


Cylapus bracteatus Say (1832, p. 26). 
Rhinacloa citri Ashmead (1887, p. 155). 


Mate.—Fig. 111. Length 1.90-2.00, width 
0.70. General color black, slightly shining ; 
antennae fuscous, middle of second segment 
and base of third pale; usually first an- 
tennal segment pale also. Apices of femora, 
tibiae (except bases of posterior pair), and 
all tarsi, pale. Body clothed with very fine, 
pale pubescence, with deciduous, tomentose 
patches that give silvery and greenish re- 
flections. 

Fremate.—Fig. 112. Length (brachypter- 
ous) 1.50, width 1.00; length (macropter- 
ous) 2.20; first antennal segment dark; usu- 
ally brachypterous, but frequently winged 
like male. 

Foop PLants.—White clover (Trifolium 
repens), beans (Phaseolus sp., etc.), plan- 
tain (Plantago lanceolata) ; also recorded on 
many other plants. This is a pest of con- 
siderable importance on leguminous crops. 

Known DistTrisputTion.—Common 
through states of Middle West and East. 


78 ItLttnois NAaTuRAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Fig. 111.— Halticus bracteatus, 3. 


Illinois Records.—Forty-two males and 
86 females, taken May 29 to Oct. 3, are 
from Aldridge, Alton, Alto Pass, Anna, 
Bluffs, Carmi, Dolson, Dubois, Fountain 
Bluff, Freeport, Galena, Glen Ellyn, Gol- 
conda, Grand Tower, Grandview, Gray- 
ville, Henry, Karnak, Muncie, Normal, 
Paxton, Shawneetown, Starved Rock State 
Park, Tremont, Villa Ridge, Willow 
Springs, Wolf Lake, Urbana. 


Strongylocoris Blanchard 


KEY, “TO SPECIES 


1. Dorsum glabrous or nearly so, fig. 114. 2 
Dorsum and body thickly clothed with 
etect pubescence, fie 15 475-23. 5 


to 


Legs uniformly yellow to orange yellow 
Bi mye Leche ict eee. pallipes, p. 79 
Legs with femora more or less black... 3 
3. Hind tibiae yellow, sometimes dusky 
on basal half; second antennal seg- 
ment yellow with narrow fuscous band 
at base and apex....breviatus, p. 79 
Hind tibiae black or fuscous, at least 


Vol. 22;:Artaa 


Fig. 112.— Halticus bracteatus, 9°. 


with more area black than pale; 
second antennal segment sometimes 
yellowish at middle, but broad fus- 

cous area always present at base.... 4 
4. Hind tibiae uniformly black; emboliar 
margins of hemelytra strongly arcu- 

atettt, Sees eee atritibialis, p. 80 
Hind tibiae fuscous, becoming paler on 
distal half; emboliar margins only 

moderately arcuate. ..stygicus, p. 79 
5. Length of second antennal segment 
greater than width of head........ 

oh een lL eee hirtus, p. 80 
Length of second antennal segment less 

than width of head... #.3e=eeee 6 
6. Basal segments of tarsi pale, apical seg- 
ment black; tibiae brownish, hind 
pair very dark brown; broad area on 
second antennal segment pale; costal 
margin of hemelytra strongly arcu- 

ate: length 4304-0 tae mohri, p. 81 
Tarsi entirely black; tibiae uniformly 
pale; antennae uniformly black; cos- 
tal margin of hemelytra only slightly 
arcuate; length 3:50. (20352. e eee 


September, 1941 


Strongylocoris stygicus (Say) 


Capsus stygicus Say (1832, p. 24). 

Mace.—Fig. 113. Length 4.20, width 
2.00. Head width 0.99, vertex 0.54. Ros- 
trum, length 1.04, reaching to middle of 
intermediate coxae. Antennae black; length 
of first segment, 0.30; second, 1.12; third, 
0.86; fourth, 0.47. Pronotum, length 0.91, 
width at base 1.50. Form ovate, black, 
shining, finely but densely punctate, some- 
what rugulose, nearly glabrous, sparsely 
set with fine, short pubescence; apices of 
femora, two anterior pairs of tibiae, all 
except apical segment of tarsi, and bases 
of trochanters, pale yellowish; hind tibiae 
fuscous to black, becoming paler on distal 
half. Male genital claspers distinctive, fig. 
114. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.40, width 2.10. More 
ovate and robust than male, but very similar 
in color, puncturation and scanty pubescence. 

Foop PLant.—Goldenrod (Solidago sp.). 

Known Dtstripution.—Commonly 
distributed in the eastern United States 


Fig. 113.—Strongylocoris stygicus, &. 


and Canada and extending westward to 
Alberta, Colorado, Montana. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred forty- 
five males, 36 females and 12 nymphs, taken 
May 6 to Sept. 21, are from Anna, Bloom- 
ington, Bluff Springs, Carbondale, Cham- 
paign, Charleston, Chicago, Cypress, Dan- 


KnicHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 79 


ville, Dolson, Edgebrook, Elizabethtown, 
Galena, Galesburg, Golconda, Goreville, 
Grand Detour, Grandview, Hamilton, Her- 
od, Joliet, Jonesboro, Keithsburg, Makanda, 
Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Odin, 
Oquawka, Palos Park, Pulaski, Sheldon, 
Springfield, Urbana, Vienna, Warsaw, 
West Union, Willow Springs. 


Strongylocoris pallipes Knight 


Strongylocoris pallipes Knight 
254). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Mary- 
land and Virginia. Male genitalia as in 


fig. 114. 


(19264, p. 


Strongylocoris breviatus Knight 


Strongylocoris breviatus Knight (1938, p. 1.) 

This species is allied to stygicus (Say), 
but is distinguished by the yellowish first 
and second antennal segments, the latter 
having a distinct black band at the base; 
male genital claspers are distinctive for this 
species, fig. 114. 

Mave.—Length 4.30, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.06, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.35, yellowish brown, black at 
base; second, 1.30, brownish on basal half 
and black at base; third, 0.95, black; fourth, 
0.47, black. Pronotum, length 0.91, width 
at base 1.51. Hemelytra with costal margin 
moderately arcuate. Dorsum finely and 
closely rugulose punctate, sparsely clothed 
with short, pale pubescence, this pubescence 
more apparent on lateral margins of hem- 
elytra, paracuneus with three or four long 
hairs. General coloration deep black, shin- 
ing; femora black, apices yellowish; tibiae 
uniformly yellowish, except hind pair, which 
have apices and variable area at base fus- 
cous; tarsi yellowish, apical segment black. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.10, width 2.20; hem- 
elytra more sharply arcuate than in male. 
Head width 1.20, vertex 0.64. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.36, yellow, base black ; 
second, 1.17, yellow, apical one-fourth and 
narrow ring at base black; third, 0.86, black, 
yellowish at base; fourth, 0.44, black. 

Foop PLtant.—Goldenrod (Solidago al- 
tissima). 

Known DistripuTionN.— Nova _ Scotia 
and Maine to District of Columbia, and 
westward to Alberta, Minnesota, Montana. 

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and 
22 females, taken May 21 to Aug. 25, are 


80 Ittinois NaturAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


from Anna, Antioch, Beach, Browns, Bu- 
reau, Champaign, Dolson, Golconda, Grand 
Detour, Herod, Makanda, Marshall, Mount 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Illinois Records.—Thirty-five males and 
44 females, taken May 12 to July 15, are 
from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Charles- 


ee. 


B B 
8 7A BREVIATUS 
STYGICUS PALLIPES 
B 


ATRITIBIALIS 


eo 


H/IRTUS 


AMBROSIAE 


Fig. 114.—Male genital claspers of Strongylocoris. A, left clasper; B, right clasper. 


Carmel, Oakwood, Oregon, Pulaski, Shaw- 
neetown, Urbana, West Union. 


Strongylocoris atritibialis Knight 


Strongylocoris atritibialis Knight (1938, p. 2). 

This species is distinguished from stygicus 
(Say) by its more arcuate hemelytra, black 
tibiae and the structure of the male genital 
claspers, fig. 114. 

Mate.—Leneth 4.60, width 2.40. Head 
width 1.21, vertex 0.65. Antennae black; 
length of first segment, 0.34; second, 1.26; 
third, 1.00; fourth, 0.43. Pronotum, length 
1.12, width at base 1.77. Hemelytra with 
costal margin strongly arcuate. Dorsal sur- 
face nearly glabrous, rugulose, punctate, 
sparsely clothed with fine, short pubescence, 
which is more evident on cuneus and embo- 
lium. General coloration deep black; mem- 
brane very dark brown; legs black; tibiae 
and tarsi sometimes very dark brown, but 
hind tibiae always black. Genital claspers 
distinctive for species, fig. 114. 

FEemMALE.—Length 4.50, width 2.50; em- 
boliar margins more strongly arcuate than 
in male. Form more robust than in male, 
but very similar in coloration. 

Known Distripution.—Widely distrib- 
uted in eastern United States and ranging 
westward into Alberta, Colorado, Wyoming. 


ton, Dolson, Dongola, Fountain Bluff, 
Galena, Galesburg, Grand Detour, Grays- 
lake, Havana, Herod, Joliet, Makanda, 
Muncie, Pulaski, St. Anne, Shawneetown, 
Sheldon, Volo. 


Strongylocoris hirtus Knight 


Strongylocoris hirtus Knight (1938, p. 4). 

This is distinguished from allied species 
with erect pubescence by the longer second 
antennal segment, which exceeds the width 
of the head across the eyes; the tibiae and 
first antennal segment are pale and the male 
genital claspers are distinctive, fig. 114. 

Mave.—Length 4.60, width 2.20. Head 
width 1.12, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.38, pale, base fuscous; second, 
1.43, black, basal one-fifth pale; third, 0.86, 
black; fourth, 0.47, black. Pronotum, length 
0.98, width at base 0.16. Hemelytra with 
costal margin moderately arcuate on distal 
half. Clothed with thickly set, erect, golden- 
brown to black pubescence. General colora- 
tion black, shining slightly; legs mostly 
black, with tibiae, all but apical segment 
of tarsi, and apices of femora, pale; tibial 
spines fuscous. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.30, width 2.40. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 


September, 1941 


Foop PLant.—Cup plant (Silphium per- 


foliatum). 

Known DistrispuTion.—lllinois, Lowa, 
Kansas. 

Illinois Records.—CHarLEsTon: June 


1931, H. H. Ross, 1 ¢. HaArpin: June 
5, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 ¢. West UNion: 
June 14, 1930, on Silphium sp., T. H. Frison, 
44,19; June 26, 1932, Ross & Dozier, 
(en ol 


Strongylocoris mohri new species 


This species is allied to hirtus Knight, 
but is distinguished by its longer pubescence, 
more arcuate hemelytra, and shorter second 
antennal segment, which does not equal the 
width of the head across the eyes. 

Fremace.—Fig. 115. Length 4.30, width 
2.50. Rostrum, length 1.00, reaching to 


Fig. 115.—Strongylocoris mokri, °. 


middle of intermediate coxae, black, with 
second segment pale. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.30, black, slightly pale on 
apex; second, 0.99, cylindrical, tapering to 
become more slender on basal than on apical 
half, pale, apex black, base brownish, pu- 
bescence pale; third, 0.65, black, pale on 
base; fourth, 0.43, black. Pronotum, length 
0.95, width at base 1.73. Hemelytra strong- 
ly arcuate, costal edge sharp, slightly re- 
flexed, cuneus approximately triangular. 
General coloration black, moderately shin- 
ing, clothed with long, rather fine, erect, pale 


KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAz, oF ILLINOIS 81 


to brownish pubescence. Legs mostly black, 
with tips of femora slightly paler; tibiae 
pale to brownish, darker on basal half, hind 
pair nearly black; tarsi pale, apical segment 
black. 

Holotype, female.—Hamilton, Ill.: June 
9, 1932, Ross & Mohr. 

Paratype. —CENTRAL ILLINoIs: 19. 

Named for Dr. Dr. Carl O. Mohr, who 


made many of the illustrations for this work. 


Strongylocoris ambrosiae Knight 


Strongylocoris amtrosiae Knight (1938, p. 5). 

Not yet collected in Illinois; known from 
Iowa, Kansas, South Dakota, Texas. Male 
genital claspers as in fig. 114. 


Orthocephalus Fieber 


No Illinois species; Orthocephalus muta- 
bilis (Fallen) occurs in Maine, New York, 
Pennsylvania. 


LABOPINI 


Labops Burmeister 


No Illinois species; Labops hirtus Knight 
is known from Colorado, Maine, Massa- 
chusetts, Montana, New York, Ontario. 


ORTHOTYLINI 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Posterior margin of vertex with a high, 
transverse ridge extending from eye 
to eye and bearing stout, black 
bristlessfia. LlG—, 50.22.68 2 
Spe ee Hadronema, p. 8+ 

Posterior margin of vertex not having 
a ridge extending from eye to eye 


which bears stout, black bristles... 2 


tT 


A well-defined, oblique suture on 
gena extending from antennal fossa 
to beneath eye, fig. 117, this suture 
frequently outlined by a dark stripe; 
red-orange and black species...... 
Cte Ne Re Pa re fee Lopidea, p. 84 

Genal suture absent, or extending di- 
rectly from antennal fossa to eye, 
fig. 118, or present, but vague and 
not outlined by a dark stripe...... a 


3. Base of tylus markedly produced and 
located considerably ventrad of the 


ah 


Irtinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


level of ventral margins of eyes, fig. 

TDG ee eee IInacora, p. 82 
Base of tylus less angularly produced, 

not located ventrad of level of 

ventral margins of eyes, fig. 119; on 

a line with or considerably dorsad 

of level of ventral margins of eyes.. 4 


TYLUS 


TYLUS 


Fig. 116.—Head of Hadronema militare. 
Fig. 117.—Head of Lopidea confluenta. 
Fig. 118.—Head of [/nacora stalit. 


Fig. 119.—Head of Mecomma gilvipes. 


4. 


Second antennal segment thickened 
Sc (0S aa Toil os eas a 
cA Heterocordylus, p- 107 

antennal segment linear, 


. First antennal segment with a longi- 


tudinal black line on either side, 
these lines connected on ventral 


side neat apex. . |.” Reuteria, p. 92 
First antennal segment not marked 
with longitudinal black lines... ... 6 


. Eyes rounded behind and set at or 


near middle of head, well removed 
from anterior margin of pronotum, 
LET es 2 leap ae mae Diaphnidia, p. 91 
Eyes relatively straight behind and 
set close to anterior margin of pro- 
Botnet, were 129): Oe A ees 22: 7 
Body clothed with scalelike hairs 
intermixed with more nearly erect 
DirisGleseemrg <field 8 
Body clothed with simple pubes- 


10. 


fie 


We 


V ol. 22;-Arted 


cence only; sometimes with a few 


silky hairs... ....::. 32 9 


. Pronotum and corium thickly clothed 


with black and white, scalelike pu- 
bescence, with a few bristles; venter 
very dark, almost black; third an- 
tennal segment equal to three times 
the length of fourth segment; large 
fuscous species, length 5.50-6.00. . 
ere Meee Noctuocoris, p. 105 
Pronotum and corium bearing numer- 
ous erect bristles intermixed with 
scattered scalelike pubescence, fig. 
152; venter light; third antennal 
segment not equal to three times the 
length of fourth segment; small 
species, length less than 5.00...... 
....Melanotrichus, p. 95 


. Vertex with a carina at posterior mar- 


PIN... se Deke ay oe 10 
Vertex without a carina at posterior 
Margin, es... ee 11 


Head broad; width of vertex three 
times as great as dorsal width of an 
eye; fig 130 Labopidea, p. 105 

Head not so broad; width of vertex 
not more than two times as great as 
dorsal width of an eye, fig. 129.... 
POY ee re a a Orthotylus, p. 97 


Head vertical, strongly compressed 
apically, fig. 119; as viewed from 
the side, tip of tylus projecting be- 
low posterior end for a distance 
equal to one-half height of eye; pro- 
notum sinuate at base and slightly 
so at sides; male and female dis- 
similar in form; female brachypter- 
ous, abdomen very broad, macrop- 
terous forms rate. |<. - 22. see 
OG AL Rea copa Mecomma, p. 95 

Head inclined, more prognathous; as 
viewed from side, tip of tylus not 
projecting below posterior end of 
gula for a space equal to half the 
height of eye; both sexes macrop- 
tEFOUS' Shh Cyrtorhinus, p. 95 


Ilnacora Reuter 
KEY TO SPECIES 


Length of first antennal segment ex- 


ceeding width of vertex........... 2 
Length of first antennal segment less 
than width: of vertex... 22.2. 42eee 3 


September, 1941 


2. Hemelytra deep green, membrane 
eee tA creek) ke ahh malina, p. 83 

Hemelytra pale or light green, mem- 
Brat: pales 22/505 bi nie ee Stalii, p. 84 


Frons with transverse black mark; 
first antennal segment mostly pale, 
with base and apex black........ 

- se, Ge Co a divisa, p. 83 

Frons without transverse black marx; 
first antennal segment mostly black, 
broad area at base and narrow one 


Beripexspales epost. . .illini, p. 83 


io>) 


Ilnacora malina (Uhler) 


Sthenarops malina Uhler (1877, p. 419). 

Aputts.—Length 5.40, width 1.60. Head, 
body and antennae chiefly black; hemelytra 
and base of pronotum bright green; anterior 


STAL/I/ 


MALINA 


DIVISA 


/LLIN/ 


Fig. 120.—Right male genital claspers of 
Ilnacora. 


part of pronotum, two stripes on scutellum, 
and legs, greenish yellow; a round, black 
spot behind each callosity; membrane black; 
male right genital clasper, fig. 120. 

Foop PLant.—Goldenrod (Solidago sp.) 
in moist, shaded situations; Illinois speci- 
mens were collected also on ragweed (4m- 
brosia sp.), oak (Quercus sp.) and locust 
(Robinia pseudoacacia), the last two un- 
doubtedly “sitting’’ records only. 

Known Distrinution.—Widely distrib- 
uted in the eastern United States and 
Canada. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred twelve 
males and 106 females, taken May 27 to 
July 19, are from Algonquin, Bureau, 
Charleston, Danville, Dug Hill, Elizabeth, 
Elizabethtown, Freeport, Galena, Gales- 
burg, Grand Detour, Hardin, Herod, Joliet, 
Lilly, Morris, Monticello, Mount Carmel, 
New Milford, Oakwood, Oquawka, Ore- 
gon, Palos Park, Pegrim, River Forest, 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 83 


Sheldon, Springfield, Urbana, Vienna, War- 
saw, White Heath, Willow Springs. 


IInacora illini new species 


This species is allied to stalii Reuter, but 
is distinguished by its shorter antennal seg- 
ments and the expanded apex of the right 
genital clasper, fig. 120. 

Mave.—Length 4.80, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.51. Rostrum, length 
1.30, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.48, less than width of vertex, black with 
broad area at base and narrow area at 
apex pale; second, 1.80, yellowish brown to 
fuscous, darker near base; third, 1.60, yel- 
lowish to fuscous; fourth, 0.73, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.78, width at base 1.29. 
Dorsum clothed with erect, pale hairs 
sparsely intermixed with patches of black, 
deciduous, scalelike hairs; pronotal spots 
and median basal spot on scutellum similar 
to those in stalii. General coloration pale, 
tinged with greenish on dorsum; hemelytra 
semitranslucent; membrane pale; a small 
transverse, fuscous cloud near apex of cu- 
neus; veins greenish; legs principally pale 
to greenish, with tibial spines brownish: 
apical segment and claws of each tarsus 
black. Male genital claspers distinctive, 
right clasper with apex spatulate, fig. 120. 

Holotype, male, — Elizabethtown, IIL. 
May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier. 


Paratypes.—ILLiNois.—ViENNA: May 
18, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 4, Ke. 
OKLAHOMA. — StTILLWaTER: May 15, 


1939) -K.. Es Emerson, -1:6.,-be > Ke. 


IInacora divisa Reuter 


I/nacora divisa Reuter (1876, p. 86). 

Mave.—Length 4.70, width 1.60. Head 
black, width 1.00, vertex 0.56; vertex and 
frons pale, a black median line and arcuate 
line above base of each antenna joining at 
base of frons on meson. Rostrum, length 
1.17, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.37, 
pale, black at base and fuscous at apex; 
second, 1.38, dusky, fuscous at base and 
near apex; third, 1.21, fuscous; fourth, 0.65. 
Pronotum, length 0.75, width at base 1.30. 
Body mostly black; pronotum and hemely- 
tra, greenish, scutellum paler green; mem- 
brane uniformly fuscous, with greenish 
veins; legs mostly pale, with tarsi and tibial 


g4 Intinoris NATURAL History Survey BULLETIN 


spines black. Dorsum clothed with erect, 
simple pubescence intermixed on hemelytra 
with patches of deciduous, black, scalelike 
hairs; spot behind each callosity, median line 
between callosities, and spot on base of scu- 
tellum formed by masses of black, scalelike 
pubescence. Male genital claspers distinc- 
tive for species, fig. 120. 

Femate.—Length 4.70, width 1.80. Form 
slightly more robust than that of male, but 
color and pubescence very similar. 

Foop Piant.—A single Illinois specimen 
was collected on milkweed (Asclepias sp.). 

Known DistrigutTion.—Colorado, Illi- 
nois, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, 
Texas. 

Illinois Records——One male and 17 fe- 
males, taken March 8 to Aug. 17, are from 
Bloomington, Champaign, Dubois, Galena, 
Galesburg, Teheran, Urbana. 


Ilnacora stalii Reuter 


Ilnacora stalii Reuter (1876, p. 86). 

Mate.—Lengeth 5.20, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.95, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length 
1.30, just attaining apices of middle coxae, 
pale, with apical segment black. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.54, exceeding width 
of vertex, pale, apical half and ring at base 
black; second, 1.95, dusky, more fuscous on 
apex; third, 1.60, black; fourth, 0.65, black. 
Pronotum, length 0.82, width at base 1.34. 
General coloration pale or whitish; hem- 
elytra and legs tinged with greenish; mem- 
brane pale; veins greenish. Dorsum clothed 
with erect, pale hairs sparsely intermixed 
with patches of black, deciduous scalelike 
hairs; a round, black spot behind each cal- 
losity and a median basal spot on scutellum 
formed by black, deciduous hairs. Male 
genital claspers distinctive, right clasper 
terminating in a slender, dorsally projecting 
point, fig. 120. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.40, width 1.80. More 
robust than male, but very similar in pubes- 
cence and color. 

Foop PLants.— Breeds on _ cocklebur 
(Xanthium sp.), sunflower (Helianthus 
sp.), artichoke (H. tuberosus) and perhaps 
on other weeds. A single specimen was col- 
lected on wild grape (Vitis sp.). 

Known Distrizution.—Colorado, Mon- 
tana, Texas, eastward to District of Colum- 
bia, New York, North Carolina. 

Illinois Records. — Ninety-eight males 
and 146 females, taken May 23 to Sept. 22, 


V ol. 223 Ania 


are from Algonquin, Alton, Alto Pass, An- 
tioch, Beardstown, Browns, Cairo, Camar- 
go, Carbondale, Champaign, Charleston, 
Chicago, Cornland, Decatur, De Soto, East 
St. Louis, Effingham, Elizabeth, Elizabeth- 
town, Fountain Bluff, Freeport, Galena, 
Galesburg, Hardin, Harrisburg, Ingleside, 
Kampsville, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, 
Lawrenceville, Meredosia, Metropolis, 
Monticello, Mounds, Mount Carmel, 
Oquawka, Palos Park, Rockford, Rockton, 
Rosiclare, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- 
town, Starved Rock State Park, Teheran, 
Urbana, Ware, Warren, West Pullman, 
Willow Springs, York. 


Hadronema Uhler 


No Illinois species; Hadronema militare 
Uhler is known from Colorado, Kansas, 
Michigan, New York, South Dakota and 


westward. 


Lopidea Uhler 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Apex of abdomen with a pair of 
claspers (males); all characters in 
couplets 2-14 are illustrated in fig. 


120 0.6 oe oe ea 2 
Apex of abdomen without claspers 
(females)... 34 2..03 ee 13 


i) 


Left clasper with a plainly visible, 
baso-mesal, flat-hooked tooth.... 
Pe tot ee staphyleae, p. 90 

Left clasper without such a tooth.... 3 

3. Tip of right clasper short, large and 

somewhat rounded, with a short, 

serrate, dorsal tooth just before 


apex. 1ts 25 tes eee media, p. 89 
Tip of right clasper without such a dor- 
sal tooth at apex: . 1)... seeueeee 4 


4. Base of right clasper produced into a 
long, dorsal, curved-arm.- 2 eee 
Sati c SS: rr oe ne oe robiniae, p. 89 
Base of right clasper without a long, 
basal, dorsal projection.......... ) 
5. Right clasper ending in a curved tooth 
which is either long, e.g., imstabilis 


or blunt, e.¢., /athyri 2. 22 6 
Right clasper ending in a serrate lobe, 
.2., @morphac—salicis....:. +5. 8 


6. Right clasper with a preapical hook 
which may be reduced to a small 
swelling: *<.. eens instabilis, p. 91 


September, 1941 Kwnicut: PLant Bucs, or Mirinas, or ILLINoIs 85 


< 


ies 
CS 
/INCURVA 


LATHYA/ 


F 
AMORPHAE 


5 


i“ 2 


ern SALICIS 


———— 


--—> 


HEIDEMANN/ 
, ¥ eR 
CUNEATA Fc <i . 


wt ---- 


_ 3 | me a 


Fig. 121.—Male genital claspers of Lopidea. A, left clasper, dorsal aspect; B, right clasper, 
dorsal aspect; C, right clasper, caudal aspect; D, left clasper, caudal aspect; E, right clasper, 
mesal aspect; F, right clasper, lateral aspect. 


86 


~ 


10. 


it, 


12: 


i 


14. 


16. 


Irtinois NATURAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Right clasper with a preapical en- 
largement which is somewhat rec- 
tangular and produced into an 
apical point, e.g., incurva, lathyrt. . 

Apical hook of right clasper long and 
sharp, fig. 121 ........incurva, p. 88 

Apical hook of right clasper shorter 
and with tip slightly serrate... .. 
anne ee ety cc lathyri, p. 91 

Right clasper with base bulbous, cen- 
ter constricted and apex expanded 
into an upturned, serrate lobe, e.g., 
BUNT PNAC, TEULETE 2 Be Rin 3 2 as 9 

Right clasper otherwise, without an 
upturned, apical lobe, e.g., minor— 
| Ls aS ANON orc ae Ra Pat iy Be 10 

Serrate margin of apical lobe more 
iresular and. truncates... 229s. 4». 

EN Sci Someta amorphae, p. 90 

Serrate margin of apical lobe regular, 
curving back on to inner curve of 
lobese Sastre ca ae reuteri, p. 91 

Apex of right clasper obliquely trun- 
cate, flat and serrate, e.g., minor. .11 

Apex of right clasper pointed or ir- 
regular, with a second row of serra- 
tions on dorsal or mesal side, e.g., 
CUTPEDIE SQLEGL Ga Oe LOY ee cee 13 

Left clasper with dorsal tooth small. . 
ENS Brey Sees eeu minor, p. 88 

Left clasper with dorsal tooth large, 
Pls GUISE Hie eine dis Sur sr RE cee 12 


Right clasper with both dorsal and 
ventral corners expanded and sharp 
ees ome ele oo davisi, p. 87 

Right clasper with ventral corner 
round and not expanded.......... 
OP ee Sire ae oe confluenta, p. 87 


Right clasper with apex rounded and 


~I 


curved ventrad...... cuneata, p. 89 
Right clasper with apex horizontal 
and pointed, ¢.g., 3alZGiS/ 5.0225. 14 


Apex of right clasper with a double 
row of dorsal serrations.......... 
Sivssphe oe ae heidemanni, p. 88 

Apex of right clasper with second row 
of dorsal serrations separated mesad 
as a definite lobe... ... salicis, p. 89 


. Length of first antennal segment 


equal to or greater than width of 

wertex ‘between eyes). us. ear 16 
Length of first antennal segment less 

than width of vertex between eyes. 22 


Bases of first and second antennal seg- 
ments equal in thickness, second 


ie 


18. 


20. 


AAS 


PRE 


V ol; 22,°Ayen 


segment tapering apically to be- 
come more slender than first seg- 


ment.....3. 5... . 2 eee Ly 
Base of second antennal segment not 
so thick as base of first; 2 a=a:2=ee 18 


Length of second antennal segment 
approximately twice width of head 
across eyes; length 5.80.......... 
SEE Ie. instabilis, p. 91 

Length of second antennal segment 
distinctly greater than twice width 
of head across eyes; length 6.70... . 
jiatage nl ckgs aoe aes eee reuteri, p. 91 


Corium bearing both simple and seri- 
ceous pubescence; pronotal disk 
with erect, stiff, black hairs; general 
color yellowish to orange; scutellum 
and inner half of corium and clavus 
blackish; length 6.40. .. 7.2 39s 
Bice neiehe oi ree eee robiniae, p. 89 

Corium with only simple pubescence; 
or, if a few minute, sericeous hairs 
present, pronotal disk without 
erect hairs. ...... 13. 2 19 


. Length of second antennal segment 


more than twice width of head 

across eyes; length 7.00° 22 ee 

BPS eh net ie So 2, staphyleae, p. 90 
Length of second antennal segment 

less than twice width of head across 


Scutellum with a few black, bristle- 
like hairs; juga red; dorsum also 
with a broad, reddish area; length 
520-5407 2S ee media, p. 89 

Scutellum with minute, soft pubes- 
cence only; juga pale. 72322 saaee 21 


Second antennal segment clothed 
with very short, recumbent, golden 
pubescences 57 tee cuneata, p. 89 

Second antennal segment clothed with 
prominent, semierect, black, bristle- 
like hairs: | cere salicis, p. 89 


. Second antennal segment thickened, 


diameter near base equal to that of 
first segment although tapering 
apically to become more slender. . 
AS oy) Te eg oe reuteri, p- 91 
Second ahtetirial segment slender, its 
greatest thickness not approaching 
that of first seament._. -.. 74:2 23 
Length of second antennal segment 
equal to twice width of head across 
eyes; length 6.5042: .). 5. eee 


i 


September, 1941 


Length of second antennal segment 
less than twice width of head across 


EVES Pea eae eae ae ane eae 24 
24. Corium with outer half bearing sub- 
SeeCEMBINCk Galt to. .s See ey 25 


Corium with outer half bearing pale 
hairs; or, if dark, pubescence minute 

andi closely appressed. ./..2.../. 6... 26 
25. Corium bearing simple pubescence in- 
termixed with more closely ap- 
pressed, sericeous pubescence. .... 

Sd ie sn eee heidemanni, p. 88 
Corium bearing only suberect, bristly 


Pubescence: $2... 2.1.5. davisi, p. 87 
Poe eneth not-over 5.20.-...........:. 27 
Monty 500 Or MOTE... 4s. <0. faces 28 
27. Corium infuscated across its full 
width; pubescence very short, ap- 
pressed; length 5.00—5.20........ 
= 3 POR age ey epee incurva, p. 88 
Corium reddish on its outer half; pu- 
bescence suberect, pale in color; 
length 4.20-4.30...... minor, p. 88 
28. Outer half of cortum fuscous to black 
boc 8 Gan ae a cuneata, p. 89 


Outer half of corium orange to red. . .29 


29. Pubescence on dorsum minute, closely 
appressed; embolium never pale, 
yellowish to red like outer half of 
COUN ee hk. amorphae, p. 90 

Pubescence on dorsum suberect; em- 
bolium usually pale or white...... 
3) Ee ee lathyri, p. 91 


Lopidea confluenta (Say) 


Capsus confluentus Say (1832, p. 23; 1859, 
p. 341). 


Mate.—Length 6.30, width 2.10. Yel- 
lowish orange, tinged with reddish; broad 
area on either side of commissure, entire 
membrane, scutellum, and variable area on 
pronotal disk, fuscous; antennae, tylus, ros- 
trum, base of head, and a stripe each side 
of front, black; legs mostly blackish, with 
trochanters and apices of coxae yellowish; 
genital claspers, fig. 121, distinctive for 
species. 

FemMaALe.—Fig. 122. Length 6.50, width 
2.40; more robust than male, but very sim- 
ilar in coloration. 

Foop PLants.—Leafcup (Polymnia uve- 
dalia and probably P. canadensis); in Illi- 
nois specimens were collected also on sweet 
William (Phlox sp.), daisy (Chrysanthe- 
mum sp.), red clover (Trifolium pratense), 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripar, oF ILLINOIS 87 


persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), willow 
(Salix sp.), snowberry (Symphoricarpos or- 
biculatus), locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) 


Fig. 122.— Lopidea confluenta, 9. 


and cypress (Taxodium distichum). Several 
of these plants undoubtedly are not hosts 
of this mirid. 

Known DistrinuTion.—Widely distrib- 
uted in the eastern United States, but more 
abundant in the upper Mississippi valley. 

Illinois Records. — Ninety-four males 
and 97 females, taken June 10 to Aug. 21, 
are from Anna, Beardstown, Bloomington, 


Dolson, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Ernst, 
Galesburg, Golconda, Grafton, Grand 
Tower, Grantsburg, Grayville, Havana, 


Herod, Kansas, Lawrenceville, Monticello, 
Muncie, Palos Park, Pike, Pulaski, Shaw- 
neetown, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, 
Walnut Prairie, White Heath, Willow 
Springs. 


Lopidea davisi Knight 


Phlox Plant Bug 


Lopidea davisi Knight (1917d, p. 458.) 

Mave.—Length 5.50, width 2.00. Yel- 
lowish orange to reddish; antennae, legs, 
front of head, and rostrum, black; calli, base 


Ss Ittinois NATURAL History SurRvVEY BULLETIN 


of pronotum, scutellum, clavus, inner half 
of corium, and membrane, fuscous; genital 
claspers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. 

FemMALE.—Length 5.60, width 2.10; more 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Foop PLtants.—When the original de- 
scription appeared the food plant of this 
species was unknown, but as early as 1925 
the insect had appeared as a serious pest of 
cultivated phlox in Arkansas, Missouri, 
Minnesota and West Virginia. This insect 
breeds on the wild species of phlox and may 
fly to the cultivated varieties within reach. 
The bug overwinters as an egg in the dead 
stems of phlox; it hatches in the spring and 
crawls upon the new growth to suck nourish- 
ment from the leaves. The feeding punc- 
tures cause brown spots to develop; the 
leaves curl, dry out and finally drop. Con- 
trol of this pest may be obtained by destroy- 
ing all dead plant tops before spring, when 
the eggs would hatch. Toward the end of 
the season, this species is often found on a 
wide range of herbs, but it does not breed 
on them. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred thirty- 
seven males and 117 females, taken June 


3 to Sept. 30, are from Ashland, Beach, 


Champaign, Charleston, Cobden, Dolson, 
Eichorn, Eldorado, Equality, Galena, 
Grandview, Herod, Jacksonville, Jersey- 


ville, Norris City, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, 
Quincy, St. Anne, Schuyler County, Tolono, 
Urbana, Waterman, Watseka, Waukegan. 


Lopidea minor Knight 


Lopidea minor Knight (19184, p. 213). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Fus- 
cous; exterior half of corium, cuneus, sides 
of body and head, reddish; embolium paler; 
clothed with fine, suberect, pale pubescence, 
a few hairs brownish on darker areas. Gen- 
ital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 121; 
showing a close relationship to davisi Knight, 
which species is, however, much larger. 

FemaLe.—Length 4.20, width 1.60. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Host PLant.—Prairie clover (Petaloste- 
mum purpureum). 

Known DisrripuTion. Alberta, Colo- 
rado, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, New York, 
North Dakota. 

Illinois Record—Oakx Lawn: Sept. 6, 
1935, 1. He Frison, 34 510; 


V ol. 227A 


Lopidea incurva Knight 


Lopidea incurva Knight (19184, p. 214). 

Mate.—Length 5.00, width 1.60. Second 
antennal segment slightly thickened at mid- 
dle and tapering toward base and apex. 
Dorsum fuscous, with only exterior margins 
of corium, pronotum and cuneus reddish; 
membrane, antennae, eyes, rostrum and 
most of face fuscous. Legs mostly pale fus- 
cous; coxae and basal half of femora pale 
to yellowish and pink; tarsi fuscous to black. 
Clothed with minute, closely appressed, fus- 
cous pubescence. Genital claspers as in fig. 
12% 

FemaLe.—Length 5.00—-5.20, width 1.80, 
slightly more robust than male, but very 
similar in color and pubescence. 

Host PLant.—Honey locust (Gleditsia 
triacanthos). 

Known DistrispuTion. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Ten males and 35 fe- 
males, taken July 3 to July 30, are from 
Alton, Champaign, Darwin, Dubois, Foun- 
tain Bluff, Galesburg, Grafton, Kansas, 
Monticello, Muncie, Paxton, Urbana. 


Lopidea heidemanni Knight 


Lopidea heidemanni Knight (1917d, p. 456). 

Matve.—Length 6.70, width 2.14. Dark 
red, with more fuscous on pronotum and 
scutellum than in media (Say); larger and 
more elongate than media. Hemelytra of 
dry specimens always having a strong tend- 
ency to shrivel and wrinkle longitudinally. 
Dorsum clothed with simple, black hairs 
sparsely intermixed with more closely ap- 
pressed, silvery, sericeous pubescence. Geni- 
tal claspers distinctive, fig. 121, right clasper 
showing a close relationship with cuneata 
Van Duzee and salicis Knight. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.20, width 2.08 ; slight- 
ly more robust than male, otherwise very 
similar. Costal margins of hemelytra fre- 
quently pale, as in media; in certain color 
phases, becoming dull orange red with fus- 
cous. Head width 1.08, vertex 0.65. An- 
tennae, length of first segment, 0.56; second, 
1.90. 

Foop PLants. — Elm (Ulmus  sp.); 
nymphs have been reared from common 
yarrow (Achillea millefolium). Occasional 
specimens were collected in Illinois on honey 
locust (Gleditsia triacanthos), willow 
(Salix sp.), snowberry (Symphoricarpos 


September, 1941 


orbiculatus) and bedstraw (Galium apa- 
rine). 

Known DistriputTion.—lowa and Min- 
nesota to Connecticut and southward to 
North Carolina. 

Illinois Records.—Eighty-two males and 
121 females, taken May 6 to July 3, are 
from Aldridge, Carlinville, Charleston, Dol- 
son, Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Foun- 
tain Bluff, Galesburg, Golconda, Goreville, 
Grayslake, Hardin, Harvard, Herod, Ho- 
mer, Jacksonville, Jonesboro, Kampsville, 
Keithsburg, Makanda, Muncie, Murphys- 
boro, Oakwood, Ozark, Palos Park, Pulaski, 
Rock Island, St. Joseph, Seymour, Shawnee- 
town, Urbana, Vienna, West Union, Zeig- 
ler. 


Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee 


Lopidea cureata Van Duzee (1910, p. 79). 

Matre.—Length 5.80, width 2.00. Dor- 
sum dark fuscous on a background of orange 
red; cuneus, embolium and base of radial 
vein more strongly reddish; pronotum dark 
fuscous, lateral margin of disk pale to red- 
dish; antennae, head and legs chiefly black; 
mark along front margin of eyes, juga, 
genae, trochanters, and apices of coxae, pale; 
propleura, except area surrounding coxal 
cleft, pale reddish; venter reddish, darkened 
with fuscous; genital segment blackish; geni- 
tal claspers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.10; simi- 
lar to male, but reddish coloration replaced 
chiefly by pale, frequently inner margin and 
apical angles of corium becoming pale. 

Foop PLants.—Poplars (Populus 
toides, P. balsamifera). 

Known Distrisution.—New York, IIli- 
nois, Minnesota. 

Illinois Records——GaALesBurc: Sept. 2, 
1892, Stromberg, 19. Harvarp: July 17, 
m0, C. ©. Mohr, 19. Pike: June 28, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


del- 


Lopidea robiniae (Uhler) 


Capsus robiniae Uhler (1861, p. 24). 

Mare.—Length 6.30, width 2.10. Gen- 
eral color usually orange yellow, rarely red- 
dish; scutellum, apical area of clavus, inner 
half of corium, broad central area on pro- 
notal disk, inner halves of calli, and mem- 
brane, fuscous to black; antennae, tylus, 
rostrum, tibiae, and tarsi, black; femora 
fuscous, coxae partly yellowish. Clothed 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, or ILLINoIs 89 


with closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pu- 
bescence intermixed with simple, erect hairs; 
setae on pronotal disk stiff and prominent; 
dark-colored areas provided with dark pu- 
bescence. Structures of male genital claspers 
distinctive for species, fig. 121. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.40, width 2.10; slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in pubescence and coloration. 

Foop PLant.— Black locust (Robinia 
pseudoacacia). Also, two Illinois specimens 
were collected on peach (Prunus persica). 

Known DistripuTion.—Commonly dis- 
tributed in the eastern United States nearly 
everywhere the black locust grows. 

Illinois Records.—Eighty-four males and 
105 females, taken June 10 to Aug. 30, are 
from Algonquin, Alton, Anna, Antioch, 
Bishop, Bluff Springs, Bridgewater, Browns, 
Carbondale, Effingham, Elizabethtown, Ga- 
lena, Galesburg, Havana, McClure, Monti- 
cello, Mound City, Normal, Rosiclare, 
Shawneetown, Springfield, Stonefort, Union 
Grove, Villa Ridge, West Union. 


Lopidea salicis Knight 


Lopidea salicis Knight (1917d, p. 457). 

Mave.—Length 5.70, width 2.00. Mostly 
black; propleura and basal angles of pro- 
notal disk orange; embolium and cuneus, 
except inner apical margin, yellowish to 
orange. Genital claspers, fig. 121, distinc- 
tive for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.20, width 2.10. Very 
similar to male in size and coloration, some- 
times slightly more robust. 

Foop PLrant.—Black willow (Salix nig- 
ra); a single specimen was taken in Illinois 
on elm (U/mus), but it probably had not 
fed there. 

Known Distrispution. — Illinois, Lowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records.—ILiiNotis: Stromberg, 
39. ELIZABETHTOWN: May 27-31, 1932, 
H. L. Dozier, 1 ¢. GALENA: June 30, 1932, 
on elm, Dozier & Mohr, 19. Oquawka: 
‘June’ 15; 1932E Lb. Doziter-19.. 


Lopidea media (Say) 


Capsus medius Say (1832, p. 22; 1859, 
p. 341). 

Matve.—Length 5.60, width 1.70. Orange 
red to bright red, scutellum and rather 
broad area either side of commissure more 


or less darkened with fuscous, reddish color 


90 Ittinoris NaturAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


always showing through this infuscation; 
legs fusco-brownish to blackish; femora 
exhibiting one or two rows of darker spots 
both above and below. Clothed with short, 
pale pubescence; a few stiff, black hairs on 
scutellum. Genital claspers very distinctive 
for species, fig. 121. 

FemaLe.—Length 5.70, width 1.80; usu- 
ally colored very similarly to male, but 
sometimes with embolium and outer edge of 
cuneus pale or white as in heidemanni 
Knight. 

Foop PLants.—Goldenrod (Solidago ru- 
gosa) and several other plants. Illinois 
specimens were collected on _ spiderwort 
(Tradescantia sp.), hazelnut (Corylus sp.), 
willow (Salix sp.), ash (Fraxinus sp.) and 
red birch (Betula nigra). 

Known DistripuTion.—A common and 
widely distributed species east of the Rocky 
Mountains. 

Illinois Records. — One hundred four 
males and 104 females, taken May 25 to 
July 24, are from Champaign, Dixon 
Springs, Galena, Geff, Golconda, Grand De- 
tour, Grand Tower, Hardin, Harrisburg, 
Havana, Homer Park, Kankakee, Keiths- 
burg, Lilly, Muncie, Oakwood, Oquawka, 
Oregon, Palos Park, Princeton, Pulaski, 


Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, 
Urbana. 


Lopidea staphyleae Knight 


Lopidea staphyleae Knight (1917d, p. 460). 

Ma ve.—Length 6.50, width 2.05. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.71, thickness 
0.15; second, 2.48, thickness 0.10, tapering 
to become slightly smaller on apical half; 
third, 1.82, slender and almost linear ; fourth, 
0.52. General color mostly orange yellow, 
with calli, narrow area at base of pronotum, 
scutellum, apical two-thirds of clavus, inner 
half of corium, and membrane, fuscous; 
antennae, tylus, two bars on front, base of 
head, rostrum, and legs, black; fuscous 
shading on dorsum much paler than in 
robiniae (Uhler) ; genital claspers, he: 121, 
distinctive for species. 

FemMALE.—Length 6.80, width 2.20. Simi- 
lar to male in structure and coloration, but 
usually slightly larger; sometimes very simi- 
lar in size and coloration to female of con- 
fluenta (Say), but length of first antennal 
segment in confluenta is shorter than width 
of vertex, while in staphyleae its length is 
as great as, or slightly greater than, width 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


of vertex. Head width 1.29, vertex 0.78. 
Antennae, length of first segment, 0.81; sec- 
ond, 2.64. 

Specimens in which the orange yellow 
areas become red constitute var. sanguinea 
Knight (1917d, p. 461), taken in Illinois 
chiefly in northern localities. 

Foop PLant.— American bladder nut 
(Staphylea trifolia) ; a single Illinois speci- 
men was collected on willow (Salix sp.), 
but that tree was probably not its host. 

Known DistriBUTION.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massa- 
chusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oklahoma, 
South Carolina, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 
47 females, taken June 2 to Aug. 22, are 


from Apple River Canyon State Park, 
Bloomington, Decatur, Dolson, Glendon 
Park, Grafton, Grand ‘Tower, Hardin, 


Havana, Homer Park, Kampsville, Karnak, 
Monticello, Parker, Seymour, Urbana, Wil- 


low Springs. 


Lopidea amorphae Knight 


Lopidea amorphae Knight (1923c, p. 65). 

Mate.—Length 5.90, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.10, vertex 0.34. Antennae, length 
of first segment, 0.60; second, 2.09, thickness 
0.11, tapering to become more slender on 
apical half; third, length 1.20; fourth, length 
0.40. Pronotum, width at base 1.84. Hem- 
elytra with red areas bearing fine, yellowish 
pubescence, while in reuteri Knight these 
areas bear black pubescence. Smaller than 
reuteri and more yellowish in color, majority 
of specimens more yellowish than red. Geni- 
tal claspers, fig. 121, indicate a close rela- 
tionship with reuteri, but in the large series 
examined distal portion of right clasper 
shows constant differences. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.30, width 2.30; very 
similar to male in form, pubescence and 
coloration. 

Foop PLAant.—False indigo (A morpha 
fruticosa) ; a single specimen was also taken 
in lilinois on red clover (Trifolium pra- 
tense). 

Known Disrrisution. — Illinois, Lowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Da- 
kota, but may be expected from other states 
where the host plant grows in abundance. 

Illinois Records.—ANNa: July 17, 1883, 
19. Brarpstown: June 10, 1932, Ross & 
Mohr, 1 ¢. Granp Tower: June 27, 1906, 
39; June 30, 1909, sweeping from grass, 


September, 1941 


ie, 19; June 1, 1913, 19. Oquawka: 
Some #3, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 19. SAVAN- 
NA: July 21, 1892, from sweet clover, Mc- 
Elfresh, 1¢. 


Lopidea lathyri Knight. Emended name. 


Lopidea lathyrae Knight (1923c, p. 66). 

Mate.—Length 5.90, width 1.90. Head 
width 1.11, vertex 0.65. Antennae, length of 
first segment, 0.65; second, 2.00, cylindrical. 
Pronotum, width at base 1.71. Size, form 
and color very suggestive of confluenta 
(Say) ; mostly deep red; legs, antennae, pro- 
notal disk (except lateral and anterior mar- 
gins), scutellum, broad stripe on either side 
of commissure, and membrane, black; 
clothed with fine, yellowish pubescence on 
red areas, but pubescence black over dark 
surface, with a few sericeous, yellowish 
hairs about margins of calli. Genital clasp- 
ers, fig. 121, distinctive for species. 

FEemaLe.—Length 6.20, width 2.20; very 
similar to male, but with embolium and 
outer half of cuneus pale. 

Foop PLrant.—Vetchling (Lathyrus ve- 
nosus). In Minnesota I found this species 
so abundant that its host plants were largely 
killed. This mirid may be regarded as a po- 
tenial pest of cultivated vetches. 

Known DistrrisputTion.—lllinois, Mani- 
toba, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oklahoma, 
Saskatchewan. 

Illinois Records.—PAatos Park: July 10, 
1912, A. B. Wolcott, 33,39, FM; July 2, 
1916, W. J. Gerhard, 1 3, Fm; July 4, 1918, 
W.-J. Gerhard, 19, FM. 


Lopidea reuteri Knight 


Lopidea reuteri Knight (1917d, p. 459). 

Mace.—Length 7.10, width 2.54. Gen- 
eral color a vivid carmine red, with fuscous 
on calli, scutellum and areas bordering com- 
missure. Very similar to caesar (Reuter), 
but with fuscous areas on corium and cu- 
neus narrower; genital claspers, fig. 121, 
distinctive for species. Antennae, length of 
first segment, 0.65, thickness 0.17; second, 
length 2.42, greatest thickness 0.16, taper- 
ing from middle to become more slender at 
apex; third, length 1.60, linear and slender; 
fourth, length 0.60; black, first two seg- 
ments clothed with prominent, coarse hairs; 
almost identical in structure with caesar. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.90, width 2.50. Struc- 


turally and in color very similar to male; 


Knicut: PLant Bucs, or Miripat, oF ILLINOIS 91 


also very similar to female of caesar, which 
species rarely has calli darkened and usually 
has less fuscous shading on scutellum. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.71. Antennae, length 
of first segment 0.74, thickness 0.17; second, 
length 2.62, greatest thickness 0.17. 

Foop PLant.—Witchhazel (Hamamelis 
virginiana). 

Known Distrisution.—lllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, 
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Granp Tower: June 
27, 1906, 19. 


Lopidea instabilis (Reuter) 


Lomatopleura instabilis Reuter (1909, p. 72). 

Ma te.—Length 5.40, width 2.02. Anten- 
nae black, two basal segments clothed with 
moderately short, black hairs; first segment, 
length 0.58, thickness 0.08; second, 1.80, 
thickness 0.07 at middle, tapering to become 
smaller at either end; third, length 1.19, 
slender; fourth, length 0.52. General color 
bright red, apical half of clavus and inner 
half of corium darkened with fuscous; mem- 
brane uniformly blackish; tibiae blackish, 
becoming reddish at base; genital claspers 
distinctive, fig. 121. 

FEemMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; simi- 
lar to male in coloration, pubescence and in 
structure of antennae. Head width, 1.10, 
vertex 0.65. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.66, thickness 0.17; second, length 2.12, 
greatest thickness 0.17. 

Foop PLant.—Lead plant (4 morpha ca- 
nescens). 

Known DistrisutTion.—Missouri, Ne- 
braska, North Dakota, South Dakota, east- 
ward to Connecticut, southward to Missis- 
sippi, Alabama. 

Illinois Records.—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 
i. La Ruz: July 11; 1935; DeLong .& 
Ross, 49. SAVANNA: July 24, 1892, along 
bluth CAS Hart oe 


Diaphnidia Uhler 
KEY TO SPECIES 
1. Head black, first antennal segment very 


ark) 2 sate F capitata, p. 92 
Head pale: 2 ioa toa esol te 2 2 


i) 


Second antennal segment pale........ 
Se tae ee pellucida, p. 92 
Second antennal segment fuscous to 


Blac on CANS ta provancheri, p. 92 


9? Ittinois NaturAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler 


Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler (1895, p. 44). 

Aputts.—Fig. 123. Length 4.30, width 
1.40. General color uniformly pellucid, 
greenish white, including antennae; eyes and 
tips of tarsi fuscous; pubescence simple, pale. 


Fig. 123.— Diaphnidia pellucida, &. 


Host Priants.— Hawthorn (Crataegus 
sp.), apple (Pyrus malus), hop hornbeam 
(Ostrya virginiana) and several other trees; 
Illinois specimens were taken also on cotton- 
wood (Populus deltoides), locust (Robinia 
pseudoacacia), oak (Quercus sp.), maple 
(Acer sp.), elm (Ulmus sp.), walnut (Jug- 
lans nigra), willow (Salix sp.) and alder 
(Alnus sp.). 

Known Distrigution.—Throughout the 
eastern United States and Canada. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-one males and 
121 females, taken June 5 to Sept. 20: Dan- 
ville, Eichorn, Fairfield, Galena, Galesburg, 
Geff, Grafton, Grand Detour, Hardin, Ha- 


V ol. 225-Agioes 


vana, Kansas, Marshall, Monticello, Mun- 
cie, Oakwood, Shawneetown, Urbana, Vien- 
na, White Heath, White Pines Forest State 
Park. 


Diaphnidia provancheri (Burque) 


Malacocoris provancheri Burque (1887, p. 
144). 


Aputts.—Length 4.80, width 1.40. Gen- 
eral color pellucid greenish yellow, more 
green on hemelytra than elsewhere, tibiae 
lightly infuscated; second antennal segment 
fuscous to black; following segments fus- 
cous. 

Host PLant.—White oak (Quercus al- 
ba) and probably other plants. 

Known DistrinuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Minnesota, New Hamp- 
shire, New York, Quebec. 

Illinois Records——MontTiceLio: June 
28, 1914, 1g. Uprpana: Aus. 2650932 
Harper & Park, 62 ; Sept. 16, 1935, De- 
Long & Ross, 1 2. 


Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee 
Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee (1912, p. 
90). 


Aputts.—Length 3.00. General color 
pale; distinguished by its black head and 
fuscous to black first antennal segment; 
sometimes second antennal segment is also 
infuscated, beginning on base and apex. 

Host PLtant.—Witchhazel (Hamamelis 
virginiana). 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario. 

Illinois Records.—Der Soro: July 28, 
1930, Knight & Ross, 2¢. Doncora: Aug. 
3, 1916, 1g. EnizaserHtrown: Aug. 4, 
1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 9. Merropo.is: July 
26, 1930, Knight & Ross, 1¢. Mownrtti- 
CELLO: June 11, 1934, Frison & DeLong, 
29. Oakwoop: June 14, 1930, on iron- 
wood, T. H. Frison, 19. 


Reuteria Puton 


KEY ‘TO: SPECIES 


1. First antennal segment with inner 
black line indistinct on basal half; 
transverse apical portion with outer 
black line forming a letter J........ 

SpE Ribegh ciel 2 ake pA a eae platani, p. 95 


September, 1941 


First antennal segment with inner 
black line complete, nearly parallel 
with outer line and both joined api- 
pallyon ventraliside (2 }ciisyi's 6. 


to 


Second antennal segment with a broad 
fscous to: black atéa wi. fo. sie. 
- Sa ae eres fuscicornis, p. 94 
Second antennal segment pale, a black 
annulus at base; at most the black 
color not occupying more than basal 
one-fourth of segment............. 3 


3. Corium, clavus and dorsal aspect of 
hind femora conspicuously marked 


with green spots...... irrorata, p. 93 
Corium and femora without well-de- 
fined green blotches or spots....... 4 


4. Second antennal segment with a rather 
broad, fuscous area at base, linear 
extent of dark color greater than 
width of first segment. . querci, p. 95 

Second antennal segment with a narrow 
black annulus at base, width of this 
annulus scarcely exceeding diameter 
GOES SEMMENE. 0 cc2 3 his-ocscn: : 5 


tn 


. Membrane with a sharply defined, 
fuscous mark bordering larger areole 
Pets es a... pollicaris, p. 95 

Membrane without fuscous mark bor- 
Becingelareer ateole: 22.5%. - 20-3 * 


A 
Cc 
/RRORATA 


KwnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miripaez, oF ILLINors 93 


Reuteria irrorata (Say) 


Capsus trroratus Say (1832, p. 25). 

Matre.—Length 4.20, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length 
1.18, nearly attaining posterior margins of 
middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.38, thicker on basal half and taper- 
ing apically, yellowish green, a heavy black 
longitudinal line on inner and one on outer 
side, these two lines connected apically 
across ventral aspect; second, 1.41, yellow- 
ish, a narrow black annulus at base; third, 
0.91, yellowish; fourth, 0.56, dusky yellow. 
Pronotum, length 0.56, width at base 1.10. 
Clothed with moderately long, simple, white 
pubescence, longest on pronotum and base of 
hemelytra, more recumbent and partly seri- 
ceous on clavus; a tuft of fuscous hairs at 
tip of clavus and inner basal angle of cuneus. 
General coloration pale to white; hemelytra 
somewhat translucent; blotches and spots on 
corium and clavus; edge of clavus bordering 
scutellum, edges of cuneus, and veins in 
membrane, bluish green; membrane clear, 
a fuscous mark bordering apex of larger 
areole. Legs pale to yellowish green, hind 
femora usually with one or two green spots 
on dorsal aspect. Maile genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, fig. 124. 

FemMaALe.—Length 3.80, width 1.47. Head 


A Cc 


POLLICARI/S 


mA 
yeh 


BIFURCATA 


FUSCICORNI/S 


QUERC/ 


Fig. 124.—Male genital claspers of Reuteria. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, 


lateral aspect. 


94 ItLtino1is NATURAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


width 0.67, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.39; second 0.95; marked as in 
male. Slightly more robust than male, but 
very similar in pubescence and coloration. 

Host PLants.—Chiefly on elm (Ulmus 
americana); also, two Illinois specimens 
were taken on cypress (Taxodium distich- 
um). 

Known DistripuTtion. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, lowa, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records.—Twenty males and 34 
females, taken June 24 to Aug. 11, are 
from Aldridge, Algonquin, Ashley, Cham- 
paign, Dubois, Galesburg, Grafton, Harris- 
burg, Kansas, Karnak, Monticello, Pulaski, 
Rockford, Starved Rock State Park. Ur- 


bana. 


Reuteria bifurcata Knight 


Reuteria bifurcata Knight (19394, p. 130). 

This is distinguished from allied species 
by the bifurcate form of the male genital 
claspers, fig. 124; it differs in color from 
irrorata (Say) and fuscicornis Knight in the 
absence of green dots on the clavus and the 
corium. 

Mare.—Length 4.80, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 
1.30, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.44, 
black marks typical for genus; second, 1.69, 
yellowish, a distinct black ring at base; 
third, 1.21, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 0.69, 
dusky yellow. Pronotum, length 0.62, width 
at base 1.25. Clothed with pale, simple 
pubescence as in irrorata. 

Fremace.—Length 4.30, width 1.65. Color 
and pubescence not differing from those of 
male. 

Known Distripution.—Illinois, Mary- 
land, New York, Oklahoma. 

Illinois Record —SHawNeEETOWN: June 
27, 1936, DeLong & Mohr, 1 ¢. 


Reuteria fuscicornis Knight 


Reuteria fuscicornis Knight (19394, p. 129). 

This species is distinguished from irrorata 
(Say) by the structure of the male genital 
claspers, fig. 124, and the fuscous coloration 
of the second antennal segment. 

Mate.—Fig. 125. Length 4.30, width 
1.30. Head width 0.65, vertex 0.55. Ros- 
trum, length 1.21, reaching to apices of 
middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.43, pale, a heavy, black, longitudinal 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


line on inner and one on outer margin, the 
two lines connected apically across ventral 
aspect; second, 1.53, blackish at base, shad- 
ing to fuscous on basal half or more, yel- 
lowish apically; third, 1.17, yellowish; 


Fig. 125.— Reuteria fuscicornis, &. 


fourth, 0.56, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.52, 
width at base 1.12. Clothed with simple 
pale pubescence, hairs longer on pronotum, 
embolium and vertex of head; a few fuscous 
hairs at the tip of clavus; pubescence more 
recumbent and silky on clavus and corium. 
Coloration pale to whitish, hemelytra more 
translucent; apex and outer basal angle of 
cuneus, veins at tip of membrane cells, 
blotch on corium near tip of clavus, bluish 
green. This differs from irrorata in hay- 
ing much less green on the hemelytra and 
femora. Ventral surface and legs pale; 
femora sometimes shaded with greenish but 
not forming distinct spots; tibiae with a 
black point at base. : 

FemaLe.—Length 4.30. Color and pubes- 
cence not differing greatly from those of the 
male. 

Host Piants.—Hop hornbeam (Ostrya 


September, 1941 


virginiana) and water beech (Carpinus 
caroliniana). 

Known DistrispuTion. — Illinois, lowa, 
Minnesota, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Records. — Harrispurc: June 
25, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, ¢ 3, 2 9. 
Karnak: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & 


[2 gud Se Vegtanen Wiese 


Reuteria querci Knight 


Reuteria querci Knight (19394, p. 131). 

This species is allied to irrorata (Say), 
but is distinguished by the structure of the 
male genital claspers, fig. 124; the females 
of querci and irrorata may be separated by 
the absence in querci of well-formed green 
blotches on the corium and the presence of 
paler veins in the membrane. 

Mate.—Length 4.30, width 1.40. Head 
width 0.71, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length 
1.17, reaching to near hind margins of mid- 
dle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.43, marked with black, as typical for 
genus; second, 1.51, yellowish, black at base; 
third, 0.95, yellowish; fourth, 0.56, dusky 
yellow. Pronotum, length 0.56, width at 
base 1.14. Clothed with pale, simple pubes- 
cence, clavus and corium with somewhat 
sericeous pubescence, a tuft of fuscous hairs 
at tip of clavus. 

FemMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.50. Col- 
oration and pubescence similar to those of 
male. 

Host PLrant.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- 
carpa). 

Known DistrispuTion. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Maryland, Minnesota,-New York, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.— ALton: June 23, 
1934, DeLong &* Ross, 1%. Dixon 
Sprincs: June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & 
Park, 1. GoLtconpa: June 22, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 19. Karnak: June 23, 
1932, on Quercus sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 
24,29. Rockrorp: July 5, 1932, Dozier 
& Mohr, 33. Ursana: June 27, 1932, on 
oak, Frison & Ross, 1 @. Wuite Heatu: 
July 4, 1933, H. H. Ross, 2 ¢. 


Reuteria platani new species 


This is distinguished from other species 
of the genus by the indistinct inner black 
line on the first antennal segment, this black 
line forming a letter J on the ventral aspect. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.90, width 1.64. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length 


KwnicHt: PLAant Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 95 


1.42, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.43, white, 
inner black line indistinct on basal half, con- 
necting portion distinct, black lines forming 
a distinct letter J; second, 1.77, white, a 
narrow black annulus at base; third, 1.12, 
pale; fourth, 0.65, pale. Pronotum, length 
0.60, width at base 1.16. Clothed with 
rather long, white pubescence, longest on 
thorax, head and base of hemelytra, a tuft 
of fuscous hairs at tip of clavus and inner 
angle of paracuneus. General coloration 
pale to white, hemelytra semitranslucent, 
devoid of green blotches, cuneus tinged with 
greenish, but without spots; membrane clear, 
veins opaque whitish. Legs pale; femora 
tinged with greenish, but without spots; spot 
on bases of hind tibiae and at tips of tarsi 
black. 

Host PLiant.—Sycamore (Platanus oc- 
cidentalis ). 

Holotype, female.—Snyder, III: 
23, 1932, on sycamore, Dozier & Park. 

Paratype.—Same data as for holotype, 
19. 


July 


Reuteria pollicaris Knight 


Reuteria pollicaris Knight (19394, p. 131). 
Not taken in Illinois; described from Mis- 
sissippi. Male genital claspers as in fig. 124. 


Mecomma Fieber 


No Illinois species; Mecomma gilvipes 
(Stal) is known from Michigan, New York, 
Ontario. 


Cyrtorhinus Fieber 


No Illinois species; Cyrtorhinus caricis 
(Fallen) is known from Minnesota. 


Melanotrichus Reuter 
KEY TO:SPEGCIES 


1. Dorsum with black, scalelike pubes- 
cence, fig. 152; color chiefly deep 
apple green; veins green; membrane 
including larger areoles fuscous.... . 

Re AS Une eee Bae eee althaeae, p. 96 
Dorsum with pale, silky, glossy pubes- 
RETIRE 523 cers ws ee netic So eZ 

2. Hemelytra and scutellum dusky in 
color; length of second antennal seg- 
ment less than width of pronotum 


96 ILttinois NaturaL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


at posterior margin... .catulus, p. 97 
Hemelytra and scutellum greenish; 
length of second antennal segment 
greater than width of pronotum at 
posterior margin; membrane dusky; 
veins and areoles green............ 
flavosparsus, p. 96 


Melanotrichus flavosparsus (Sahlberg) 


Phytocoris flavosparsus Sahlberg (1842, p. 
411). 

Mate.—Length 4.00, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.55. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.28; second, 1.21. Pronotum, 


FLAVOSPARSUS 


ies EA 


CATULUS : ; 


Fig. 126.—Male genital claspers of Melan- 
otrichus. A, left clasper; C, right clasper. 


length 0.45, width at base 0.95. General 
color clear green, becoming yellowish on 
callosities, head and ventral surface; mem- 
brane dusky; areoles and veins green. 
Clothed with simple, erect, bristlelike, fus- 
cous pubescence, intermixed with spots of 
silvery, sericeous pubescence. Genital clasp- 
ers as in fig. 126. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.80, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.30; second, 1.25. Pronotum, 
length 0.56, width at base 1.21. Color and 
pubescence similar to those of male. 

Foop PLants.—Lamb’s quarter, known 
likewise as pigweed (Chenopodium album) ; 
also, Illinois specimens were collected on 
hawthorn (Crataegus sp.), beet (Beta vul- 
garis), willow (Salix sp.), cypress (Taxo- 
dium distichum), spruce (Picea sp.) and 
sunflower (Helianthus sp.). Some of these 
records are undoubtedly accidental. 

Known DistripuTion. —Common over 
the eastern United States. 

Illinois Records.— One hundred forty 
males and 174 females, taken May 12 to 
Oct. 9, are from Algonquin, Alton, Alto 
Pass, Anna, Antioch, Arcola, Beardstown, 
Bloomington, Champaign, Chicago, Clayton, 
Colona, Delavan, Des Plaines, Dixon, Dol- 


Vol. 22, Artam 


Dongola, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, 
Forest City, Galena, Gales- 
burg, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand 
Tower, Grandview, Hatton, Havana, 
Kampsville, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, 
Meredosia, Momence, Monticello, Mount 
Carroll, Quincy, Rising, St. Anne, St. 
Joseph, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, 
Tremont, Urbana, York, Zion. 


son, 
Fairmount, 


Melanotrichus althaeae (Hussey) 


Hollyhock Plant Bug 


Orthotylus (Psallus) delicatus Cook (1891, 
p. 10). Preoccupied. 
Orthotylus althaeae Hussey (1924, p. 165). 


Mate.—Length 4.10, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.44; second, 1.51. Pronotum, 
length 0.61, width at base 1.14. General 
color deep apple green; calli, head and ven- 
tral surface yellowish; membrane, including 
areoles, fuscous; veins green. Clothed with 
simple, erect, pale pubescence intermixed 
with deciduous, black, sericeous or scalelike 
pubescence. 

FEMALE.—Fig. 127. Length 3.80, width 
1.34. Color and pubescence similar to those 
of male. 


Host PLant.—Cultivated hollyhock (A/- 


Fig. 127.—Melanotrichus althaeae, 9°. 


September, 1941 


thaea rosea), where it is often a pest. The 
nymphs and adults feed on the leaves, caus- 
ing white spots to appear where the chloro- 
phyll is removed; with severe infestation the 
leaves may turn yellow and dry out. In 
Colorado the author found this bug breed- 
ing on a wild species of A/thaea. In Illinois 
it was found breeding also on mallow 
(Malva rotundifolia), a very near relative 


of the hollyhock. 


Known DistriputTion.—Colorado, Illi- 
nois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Wyo- 
ming. 


Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and 
68 females, taken May 31 to Sept. 30, are 
from Algonquin, Decatur, Galena, La 
Harpe, Monticello, Urbana. 


Melanotrichus catulus (Van Duzee) 


Orthotylus catulus Van Duzee (19164, p. 106). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.27; second, 1.00. Pronotum, 
length 0.56, width at base 1.20. General 
color whitish to testaceo-grayish; head and 
calli tinged with yellowish; hemelytra some- 
times slightly infuscated; membrane fumate. 
Clothed with simple, erect, fuscous hairs, 
intermixed with recumbent, silvery, glossy 
pubescence. Genital claspers distinctive for 
species, fig. 126. 

FEeMALE.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Color 
and pubescence similar to those of male. 

Host PLant.—Low cudweed (Gnaphali- 
um uliginosum). 

Known DistriBUTION.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, New 
York, Ontario. 

Illinois Record—MarsHati: May 25, 
26. T.-H. Frison,.2¢, 49. 


Orthotylus Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Ground color green; dark markings, 
if present, not clouding cortum.... 2 

Ground color pale testaceous to black, 

sometimes greenish, but, in that 

case, hemelytra marked with fus- 
cous and black areas, fig. 129..... 11 


Small, length not over 4.00......... 3 
Larger, length 4.50 or more......... / 


to 


3. Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- 
gin of mesosternum, extending very 


~I 


10. 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miriwag, or ILLINors 97 


little beyond middle; pubescence 


fUSCOUS 24 tae chlorionis, p. 98 
Rostrum attaining or surpassing pos- 
terior margin of mesosternum..... 4 


Length of second antennal segment 
less than three times width of ver- 
tex between eyes. . .robiniae, p. 100 

Length of second antennal segment 
equal to or more than three times 
widthzof -vertexs 5, .-2 ee. Oe 5 


Length of third antennal segment 
three-fourths length of second seg- 
ment; hemelytra with soft, simple 
pubescence intermixed with a limit- 
ed number of minute, golden, silky 
inal Scans ear aie ese ulmi, p. 100 

Length of third antennal segment 
not more than two-thirds length of 
second segment; hemelytra with 
only stiff, simple pubescence...... 6 


Length of second antennal segment 
distinctly greater than width of pro- 
notum at posterior margin; hemely- 
tra and veins in membrane deep 
blueigeneen en. Yeo. taxodii, p. 101 

Length of second antennal segment 
not exceeding width of pronotum 
at posterior margin; hemelytra and 
veins of membrane yellowish green, 
veins often pale...... ramus, p. 100 


Tylus with small fuscous spot at base. 8 
Tylus without small fuscous spot at 


Deo er arta i i Ae Aa irr hg eee i 
Membrane pale, darkest specimens 

pale fuscous; clavus never in- 

TRIS Gate Glee es ee ees viridis, p. 101 


Membrane uniformly dark fuscous 
or black; clavus sometimes with a 
GMSKVACOUGEs. .at ccm nek 
modestus var. immaculatus, p. 104 


Length of second antennal segment 
twice width of head across eyes; 
first antennal segment  fuscous; 
fenetheo.70ie. mee basicornis, p. 102 

Length of second antennal segment 
less than twice width of head across 


cafe Cepek teen ito Mire tBiresiarg Toupee 10 


Length 5.80-6.10; rostrum extending 
upon middle coxae; first antennal 
segment may be fuscous to black 
beneath, but always paler above... 
ae ere eee ore ee ee rossi, p. 102 

Length 6.70-7.30; rostrum just attain- 
ing posterior margin of mesoster- 
num; first antennal segment uni- 
formly black... ... notabilis, p. 100 


98 


3; 


14. 


15; 


16. 


fs 


ItLrnois NaturAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


. Ground color green, apical half of 


clavus, spot on apical half of cortum, 
and Broad spot or vitta either side 
of pronotal disk behind calli, black; 
length 6.70-7.00 (male)........-.- 
oe ea peat notabilis, p. 100 
Ground color not green, or, if so, 
then length less than 6.50........ 12 


2. Pronotal disk partly orange colored; 


sometimes hemelytra also partly 


OPANEES:oeeuy Werle cy. Hee eeras sobs 13 
Pronotal disk without orange color- 
HAS aA eens NS Sam ae 14 


Hemelytra chiefly orange or salmon 
colored; black either side of com- 
missure and on embolium........ 
yg see ee submarginatus, p. 103 

Hemelytra black; a broad, pale stripe 
extending full length of corlum and 
connecting with pale cuneus; legs 
fulvous; apical halves of hind 


femora black........ knighti, p. 102 


General color pale yellow brown, hem- 
elytra translucent and with fuscous 
markings very faint or nearly lack- 
ing in female; median line of head 
and scutellum, Jateral margins of 
pronotum, and sides of body, black; 
antennae black; membrane slightly 
infuscated, veins brown.......... 
Nps ae aga Aeneas candidatus, p. 102 

Ground color sometimes pale greenish 
or yellowish, but dark markings of 
hemelytra distinct; other markings 
IGE TSU AON, Se ea iie a Poss tas emer aS 15 


Cuneus black, slightly translucent at 
base; dorsum blackish; slender, 
pale areas present only at base of 
corium and of embolium; pale me- 
dian line present on pronotal disk, 
this line sometimes continued upon 
scutellum; length 6.80. ....:>.... 
sie ah Bee ee ee he necopinus, p. 103 

Cuneus pale, or fuscous on inner half 
only; length not over 6.00........ 16 


Lateral margins of pronotal disk and 
propleura, except ventral margin, 
black; median area of disk and 
SCUPCIIT KN Ales tacks ate ees 17 

Pronotum with different coloring... .18 


Length of female second antennal seg- 
ment slightly greater than twice 
the width of head across eyes; for 
males see figure of genital claspers, 
HEI LIE Eee eae nyctalis, p. 104 

Length of female second antennal seg- 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


ment scarcely equal to twice the 
width of head across eyes; for males 
see figure of genital claspers, fig. 128 
eet bas eee ee lateralis, p. 104 
18. Length of second antennal segment 
less than twice width of head across 
CYES...2.5.04.. 7.70 er 19 
Length of second antennal segment 
twice width of head across eyes. . . .20 
19. Legs green or yellowish, not in- 
fuscated; light-colored areas of 
dorsum greenish or fading to yellow- 
ish, never tinged with salmon..... 
.. modestus var. modestus, p. 104 
Legs pale to greenish, but hind 
femora fuscous on apical half; 
light-colored areas of dorsum tinged 
with salmon 23-223 ornatus, p. 103 
20. Female calli with outer half black; 
male genital claspers as in fig. 128. . 
eer eee serus, p. 102 
Female calli, at least the outer half, 
pallid; for males see figures of ie. 
tal claspers....... ee: 
21. Juga black; smallee lenge 5 20. i 
chy Siete na eee dorsalis, p. 100 
Juga yellowish; larger, length 5.80... 
ip ly ee neglectus, p. 105 


Orthotylus chlorionis (Say) 
Capsus chlorionis Say (1832, p. 25; 1859, p. 
46). 


This species is distinguished by its small 
size, short rostrum, green color and simple, 
fuscous pubescence. 

Mave.—Length 3.70, width 1.25. Ros- 
trum, extending very slightly beyond middle 
of mesosternum, green, apex black. Anten- 
nae, greenish yellow, last two segments 
dusky to fuscous. General color green, 
head and ventral surface yellowish; mem- 
brane pale, veins green. Clothed with sim- 
ple, short, fuscous pubescence, this paler on 
embolium. Male genital claspers distinctive, 
fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.80, width 1.40. Head 
width 0.73, vertex 0.38. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.30; second, 1.04; third, 0.90; 
fourth, 0.31. Pronotum, length 0.51, width 
at base 1.12. More robust than male, but 
very similar in color and pubescence. 

Host PLrants.—Honey locust (Gleditsia 
triacanthos) and black locust (Robinia pseu- 
doacacia). 

Known DIstriBUTION.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, or ILLINOIS 99 


CHLORIONIS. 
Cc 


v 
; = i 


ag 


VIRIDIS 


ee TUS 


ORNATUS 


eg / 
NEGLECTUS ! 


TAXOD// 
| G 


Fig. 128.—Male genital claspers of Orthotylus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, 
lateral aspect. 


100 


Iowa, Mississippi, Ohio, Texas, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—ELIZABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932, on Robinia pseudoacacia, 
H. L. Dozier, 249. Mason Ciry: June 2, 
1933. C. O.-Mohr, 32; 99. MuNciE: 
June 8, 1917, 19. OaAkwoop: June 14, 
1930, T. H. Frison, 19. Wuire HEATH: 
May 30, 1915, 1¢. 


Orthotylus ramus Knight 


Orthotylus ramus Knight (1927e, p. 178). 

This species is suggestive of chlorionis 
(Say), but is somewhat larger, with pale 
yellowish pubescence. 

Mare.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Eyes 
and shape of head about as in female of 
chlorionis. Antennae yellowish green, last 
segment dusky. General color uniformly 
green or yellowish green, membrane pale, 
veins green. Genital structures distinctive, 
fig. 128, right clasper forked near base and 
forming two long, curved, acuminate arms; 
dorsal margin of genital segment with a 
strong chitinous spine projecting posteriorly. 

Fremate.—Length 4.10, width 1.54. Very 
similar to male in form, pubescence and 
coloration. 

Host Piants.—Hickory (Carya sp.) and 
pecan (Carya illinoensis); according to 
Johnston these insects feed largely on the 
catkins or male flowers and but very little 
on the pistillate flowers. A single specimen 
was taken in Illinois on wild grape (J itis 
sp.), but that record is probably accidental. 


Known DistripuTion.—Georgia,  IIli- 
nois, Iowa, Michigan, Mississippi, New 
York, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—DanviLLE: June 8, 


1902, Titus & Kahl, 19. ELIzaABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932; H. i. Dozier, 2 4; 5.9. 
Mason City: June 2, 1933, C. O. Mohr, 
5g, 109. Monrticetto: June 11, 1934, 
Frison & DeLong, 2¢. Mounp City: 
May 224,' 1932; H. L: Dozier, 2°34, 4.92 
Mounps: May 23, 1932, on wild grape, 
H. L. Dozier, 1 g. SPRINGFIELD: June 27, 
1885, in woods, C. A. Hart, 1 ¢. 


Orthotylus robiniae Johnston 


Orthotylus robiniae Johnston (1935, p. 15). 
Mare.—Length 3.60, width 1.30. Ros- 
trum slightly surpassing hind margin of 
mesosternum. Antennae yellowish green, 
last two segments dusky. General color 
uniformly green or yellowish green; mem- 


Ittinors NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


brane pale to dusky, veins green. Clothed 
with simple, pale to yellowish pubescence. 
Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 128; right 
clasper forked near apex, forming two short, 
flattened, acuminate arms curving inward 
and upward to near middle of genital seg- 
ment, the apex of each flattened and with 
short, blunt teeth; dorsal margin of genital 
segment with a slender chitinous spine pro- 
jecting postero-ventrally. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.47. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Host Piant. — Black locust 
pseudoacacia). 

Known DistripuTion.—Described from 
Mississippi and now recorded from Illinois. 

Illinois Records.—EicHorn: June 13, 
1934, Hicks Branch, DeLong & Ross, 1 @. 
FairFIELD: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
2a. Mason Criry: June 2, 19335 @ie 
Mohr, 12. 


(Robinia 


Orthotylus notabilis Knight 


Orthotylus notabilis; Knight (1927e, p. 176). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, South Dakota; Sas- 
katchewan. Host unknown. 


Orthotylus ulmi Knight 


Orthotylus ulmi Knight (1927e, p. 179). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Min- 
nesota and New York; breeds on elm 
(Ulmus sp.) and should eventually be found 
in Illinois. 


Orthotylus dorsalis (Provancher) 


Lygus dorsalis Provancher (1872, p. 104). 

Mate.—Length 4.90, width 1.50. Ros- 
trum reaching upon bases of middle coxae. 
Form elongate, costal margins of hemelytra 
nearly parallel. General color black. Cu- 
neus, embolium, base of corium, and rather 
broad area along radius, greenish trans- 
lucent; median line of pronotum frequently 
paler; rostrum, except apex, and legs, green; 
coxae paler; membrane fuscous, veins slight- 
ly paler. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Fig. 129. Length 5.20, width 
1.60. Pale green to greenish yellow; juga, 
arc or spot on either side of front, stripe 
either side of median line, stripe extending 
from inner basal angles of calli to basal 
margin of disk, scutellum except median line 


September, 1941 


(usually), all but base of clavus and large 
spot on inner apical angles of corium, dark 
fuscous to black; pale area of corium ex- 
tending along claval suture and thus tending 
to separate dark apical area from that of 


Fig. 129.—Orthotylus dorsalis, 9°. 


clavus; membrane infuscated, veins distinct- 
ly paler. Legs green, femora yellowish; tip 
of rostrum and apices of tarsi blackish. 

Host PLtant.—Willow (Salix sp.). 

Known DistriBuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, lowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario, Quebec. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
49. ANTIOCH: July 5-7, 1932, Frison 
eeeal., 1¢, 29. FREEPORT: July 2, 1917, 
19. Granpview: June 24, 1932, Frison 
& Mohr, 12. 


Orthotylus taxodii new species 


This species is allied to robiniae Johnston, 
but is distinguished by the longer second 
antennal segment. 

Mave.—Length 3.30, width 1.10. Head 
width 0.62, vertex 0.30. Rostrum reaching 
to bases of hind coxae. Antennae yellowish 
green, with pale pubescence; last two seg- 
ments fuscous; length of first segment 0.26; 
second, 1.00, cylindrical, nearly equal to 


Knicut: PLant Bucs, or MiripAgz, oF ILLINOIS 


101 


thickness of first; third, 0.54; fourth, 0.30. 
General color green; with mesoscutum, calli 
and vertex yellowish; hemelytra slightly 
translucent; cuneus uniformly green like co- 
rium; membrane pale fumate, veins green. 
Clothed with simple, pale yellowish pubes- 
cence. Legs yellowish green; tibial spines 
dark. Genital claspers distinctive for spe- 
cies, fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.40, width 1.20. Slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in color and pubescence. Head width 0.64, 
vertex 0.34. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.27; second, maximum width, 1.14, taper- 
ing to become more slender on basal half; 
third, length 0.56; fourth, length 0.37. Pro- 
notum, length 0.48, width at base 1.00. 

Host PLant.—Bald cypress (Taxodium 
distichum). 

Holotype, male. —Grantsburg, III. 
June 22, 1932, on cypress, Ross, Dozier & 
Park. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for ho- 
lotype. 

Paratypes. — ILLINo1s.— Same data as 
for holotype, 72, 369. ELizaABETHTOWN: 
June 22-24, 1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
292. GoLtconpa: June 22, 1932, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 69. Karnak: June 14, 
1934, on cypress, DeLong & Ross, 122, 
269. SHAWNEETOWN: June 14, 1934, De- 
Long & Ross, 1¢@. 


Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee 


Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee (19164, p. 103). 

Mave.—Length 4.60, width 1.50. Ros- 
trum reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae dusky yellow, last two seg- 
ments pale fuscous. General color green; 
head, pronotum anteriorly, embolium, and 
femora, yellowish; base of tylus with a 
small fuscous spot; membrane pale to fu- 
mate. Clothed with simple, recumbent, pale 
pubescence. Genital claspers as in fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.55. Slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in color and pubescence. 

Hosr Prant.—Black willow (Salix ni- 
gra) and perhaps other willows. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, lowa, Mary- 
land, Michigan, Mississippi, New York, 
North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Que- 
bec, Tennessee, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-three males and 
60 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 1, are 


102 


from Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Golconda, 
Grand Detour, Herod, Kansas, Rockford, 
St. Joseph, Savanna, Starved Rock State 
Park, White Heath. 


Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee 


Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee (19164, p. 
124). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Min- 
nesota, New Hampshire, New York; breeds 
on American aspen (Populus tremuloides). 
Male claspers as in fig. 128. 


Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee 


Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee (19164, p. 121). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Indi- 
ana, New York, Ohio; breeds on American 
aspen (Populus balsamifera) and balm of 
Gilead (P. candicans). Male claspers as in 


fig. 128. 


Orthotylus serus Van Duzee 


Orthotylus serus Van Duzee (1921, p. 131). 

Mate.—Length 5.30, width 1.58. Gen- 
eral color black; median line of pronotal 
disk and scutellum pale; embolium, outer 
margin of corium and cuneus pale greenish, 
translucent; genae, gula, bucculae, rostrum 
except apex, sternum, and legs, greenish 
yellow; membrane and veins uniformly dark 
fuscous. Male genital claspers as in fig. 
128. 

FEmMALE.—Length 5.56, width 1.61; very 
similar to male in form and coloration; 
hemelytra with costal margins nearly paral- 
lel; sometimes the pronotal disk, vertex and 
front bordering eyes with broader pale 
mark than in male. 

Hasits.—Breeds on hawthorns (Cratae- 
gus punctata and C. tomentosa). 

Known DistriguTion. — Illinois, Iowa, 
New York. 

Illinois Record—FranKrFort: June 8, 
1933, on Crataegus tomentosa, Mohr & 
Townsend, 19 2, 329. 


Orthotylus basicornis Knight 


Orthotylus basicornis Knight (1923d, p. 515). 
Mave.—Length 5.60, width 1.66. Ros- 
trum reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae with first segment black, 
second yellowish to pale fuscous, third pale 
fuscous, fourth fuscous. General color 


Ittino1is NaturaAt History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Ape 


green; embolium and outer edge of corium 
yellowish green; membrane pale, veins green. 
Clothed with prominent, suberect, rather 
coarse, pale pubescence. Suggestive of viridis 
Van Duzee, but distinguished by the black, 
first antennal segment and structure of the 
male genital claspers, fig. 128. 

Femace.—Length 5.60, width 1.70. Very 
similar to male in form, color and pubes- 
cence. 


Host Prant.— Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). 

Known DistripuTion. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, lowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New 


York, Quebec, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty-nine males and 
30 females, taken June 9 to Aug. 24, are 
from Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, Fulton, 
Freeport, Galena, Grand Detour, Kamps- 
ville, Keithsburg, McHenry, Normal, 
Oquawka, Quincy, Savanna, Urbana, 
Warsaw, Waukegan, West Union. 


Orthotylus rossi new species 


This species is allied to basicornis Knight, 
but differs in its shorter second antennal 
segment; the first segment is always paler 
or greenish above; the structure of the male 
genital claspers is distinctive, fig. 128. 
Orthotylus rossi is also allied to the western 
species, fuscicornis Knight, but differs in 
being larger, having a longer first antennal 
segment and short, recumbent pubescence, 
and in details of the genital claspers. 

Mave.—Length 6.10, width 1.80. Head 
width 1.18, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 
1.56, extending slightly beyond middle of 
intermediate coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.56, fuscous to black beneath, yel- 
lowish to green above; second, 1.95, yellow- 
ish green, length less than twice width of 
head; third, 1.08, fuscous; fourth, 0.56, 
fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.99, width at 
base 1.65. Clothed with rather short, re- 
cumbent, pale pubescence. General color 
uniformly yellowish green to clear green; 
eyes, first antennal segment beneath, tip of 
rostrum, and tips of tarsi, blackish; mem- 
brane pale, veins yellowish to greenish. 
Genital claspers distinctive, right clasper 
differs from that of basicornis by having 
a broad, truncated apex. : 

FEMALE.—Length 6.30, width 2.16. Head 
width 1.12, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.54, fuscous to blackish be- 
neath; second, 1.86; third, 1.08; fourth, 


a 


September, 1941 


0.56. Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base 
1.78. More robust than male, but very 
similar in color and pubescence. 

Host Pirant.—Willow (Salix sp.). 

Holotype, male.—Warsaw, IIL: 
9, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & Mohr. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes. — ILLINoIs.— Same data as 
for holotype, 5¢, 59. CHAMPAIGN: June 
15, 1888, at light, C. A. Hart, 19. Granp 
Tower: June 27, 1906, on willow, C. A. 
Hart, 74, 139. KampsviLLE: June 25, 
1932, Frison, Betten & Ross, 2 ¢. KeErTHs- 
BURG: June 8, 1932, on Salix sp., Ross & 
Mohr, 22. SAVANNA: July 23, 1892, on 
sandbar in Mississippi River, McElfresh, 
lnart & Forbes, 1 ¢, 29. 

Iowa.—Ames: Aug., 1940, 19. Coun- 
cit BLurrs: July 16, 1940, 1 ¢. DaAveEN- 
PoRT: June 27, 1940, 3 4. DuBuagueE: June 
Peis - July 5, 1; July 9, 1940; 1¢. 
Muscatine: July 27, 1940, trap light, 1 ¢. 
All Iowa paratypes, Kc. 


June 


Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee 


Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee (19164, p. 
25). 


Mate.—Length 6.60, width 2.11. Gen- 
eral color brownish black; juga, vertex, area 
extending along front of eyes, median line 
of pronotal disk and frequently anterior 
part of median line of scutellum, base of 
embolium, slender area at base of radius, 
areas bordering cuneal fracture, pale to 
pale translucent; basal half of venter, and 
coxae, pale; femora and tibiae testaceous to 
fuscous; genital claspers, fig. 128, distinctive 
for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.80, width 2.20; very 
similar to male, but frequently with pale 
areas broader. 

Host PLant.—Yellow birch (Betula lu- 
tea) in cool, damp, shaded situations. 

Known DistrisuTIion. — Illinois, 
Hampshire, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Record. — NortHERN ILLINOIS, 
UL. 


New 


Orthotylus submarginatus (Say) 


Capsus submarginatus Say (1832, p. 23; 


1859, p. 244). 

Mave.—Length 4.60, width 1.33. Dor- 
sum pale salmon to orange; antennae, front 
of head, lateral margins of pronotal disk, 


KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or MirIDAE, OF ILLINOIS 


103 


scutellum, rather broad area on either side 
of commissure, embolium, area at apex of 
corium, apex of cuneus, and membrane, 
blackish or black; rostrum, except apex, 
pale; legs mostly pale, with hind femora 
dusky and tibiae almost black. Genital 
claspers as in fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.44; very 
similar to male, but salmon yellow areas 
more broad above; venter white with dorso- 
lateral margins black; ostiolar peritreme 
fuscous, epimera and sternum blackish. 

Host PrLiant.— Black locust (Robinia 
pseudoacacia). 

Known DistrriputTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, New 
York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—BLurrF Sprincs: June 
10, 1932, Ross & Mohr, 19. McCrure: 
June 25, 1931, Frison, Betten & Ross, 19. 


Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee 


Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee (19164, p. 
22) 


Mate.—Length 5.60, width 1.78. Ros- 
trum extending to bases of middle coxae. 
Body clothed with moderately short, recum- 
bent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. 
General color black or very dark brown; 
tip of scutellum, basal angles of corium, and 
cuneus, pale to pale translucent; membrane 
fuscous, veins and spot on middle of apical 
half slightly paler; legs pale to dusky, front 
and middle femora very dark brown, poste- 
rior pair darker. Genital claspers as in fig. 
128. 

FemMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.05. Gen- 
eral color chiefly pale, tinged with reddish, 
varied with fuscous. Base of tylus and spot 
just above, sometimes an arc on front, basal 
margins of calli, pronotal disk, except median 
line and lateral margins, basal angles of scu- 
tellum, apical half of corium, and part of 
clavus, fuscous to blackish; antennae pale 
fusco-brownish, first segment darker; hind 
femora very dark brown. Sometimes this 
sex may have blackish areas broader and 
paler parts not at all tinged with reddish. 

Host Prant.—Crack willow (Salix fra- 
gilis ). 

Known Distrisution.—Colorado, Con- 
necticut, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Minnesota, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario, South Dakota, 
Texas. 

Illinois Records.—Eight males and 11 
females, taken May 14 to July 8, are from 


104 


Algonquin, Antioch, Apple River Canyon 
State Park, Dubois, Elizabeth, Galena, 
Meredosia, Muncie, Oregon, Valley City. 


Orthotylus nyctalis Knight 


Orthotylus nyctalis Knight (1927e, p. 181). 

This species is very similar to lateralis 
Van Duzee in color, but its form is more 
slender; the two differ chiefly in the struc- 
ture of the male genital claspers. 

Mave.—Leneth 5.10, width 1.40. Ros- 
trum extending slightly beyond middle of 
intermediate coxae. Antennae very dark 
fuscous, with second segment uniformly 
dusky yellow. Coloration nearly as in late- 
ralis, but darker. Clothed with simple, sub- 
erect, bristly, pale hairs. Ground color pale, 
with lateral margins of pronotal disk, dorsal 
halves of propleura, and all but narrow area 
at apex of first antennal segment, black; 
outer half of corium, base of clavus, apical 
half of cuneus, episterna, and dorso-lateral 
margins of venter, fuscous to blackish; mem- 
brane pale fuscous with veins and narrow 
areas of membrane bordering veins, clear. 
Genital claspers as in fig. 128. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.64. An- 
tennae dusky yellow, third segment pale to 
dusky, fourth dusky. More robust than 
male, but very similar in color and pubes- 
cence. 

Known DistrrisuTtion. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota, New York, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.— Oakwoop: July 5, 
1936, Mohr & Burks, 19. Wittow 
SPRINGS: July 21, 1912, on poplar, W. J. 
Gerhard, 19, xe. 


Orthotylus lateralis Van Duzee 


Hi ala lateralis Van Duzee (19164, p. 
). 

Mare.—Length 4.60, width 1.47. Head 
pale yellowish, frons and tylus_ blackish. 
Rostrum, length 1.30, extending upon tips of 
middle coxae, yellowish, apex black. An- 
tennae with first segment black; second 
cylindrical, black, clothed with fine, short, 
dusky pubescence; third and fourth black. 
Pronotum black; ventral margins of pro- 
pleura pallid; disk behind calli and the an- 
terior margin, pale to yellowish; calli brown- 
ish to black. Scutellum pallid, lateral mar- 
gins narrowly fuscous; mesoscutum yellow- 
ish to fuscous. Hemelytra dark fuscous; 
base of corium, embolium and base of cu- 


Ittrno1is NarurAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


V ol... 22,0Ariae 


neus pale translucent. Membrane and veins 
pale fuscous, central area paler. Body be- 
neath pale to yellowish; sides of thorax and 
venter dark fuscous. Dorsum clothed with 
simple, suberect, pale to dusky pubescence. 
Legs pale greenish; apical half of hind 
femora fuscous; tibiae dusky; tarsi fuscous. 

FemMALe.—Length 4.80, width 1.50. More 
robust than the male; similar in color but 
pallid areas more extensive. 

Known DistripuTion.—Described from 
Colorado and since recognized from Illinois, 
Iowa, Minnesota and Oklahoma. 

Illinois Records.—GaLeEsBurc: July 16, 
1892, on “cottonwood,” Stromberg, 39. 
MontTIcELLo: June 28, 1914, C. A. Hart, 
Oe 


Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee 
Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee (19164, p. 
109). 


Mate.—Length 4.40, width 1.44. Ros- 
trum reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae fusco-brownish, first seg- 
ment darker. General color fuscous to 
blackish. Head and paler parts of hem- 
elytra tinged with yellowish; embolium pale, 
base of corium, rather broad area along 
radius, and cuneus, greenish yellow; mem- 
brane uniformly infuscated, veins scarcely 
paler. Body clothed with moderately prom- 
inent, simple, pale yellowish pubescence. 
Genital claspers distinctive for species, fig. 
128. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.50, width 1.47. Gen- 
eral color pale greenish. Legs darker; dor- 
sum marked with blackish; spot at base of 
tylus, transverse mark across bases of calli, 
mark paralleling basal margin of pronotal 
disk which approaches but does not attain 
lateral angles, basal angles and median spot 
at base of scutellum, all but basal angles of 
clavus, and spot on inner apical angle of 
corium, fuscous to black; membrane uni- 
formly dark fuscous. 

The black markings vary greatly in extent 
and intensity, in some cases being indistinct 
or absent. The uniformly green-colored 
specimens of this species constitute the va- 
riety immaculatus Knight (1923d, p. 520). 

Host PLtants.—Willows (Salix fragilis 
and S. nigra). 

Known Distrripution.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, 
Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 


September, 1941 


Illinois Records.—Eighty-nine males and 
106 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 1, are 
from Alton, Antioch, Beardstown, Bureau, 
Danville, Decatur, Elizabethtown, Freeport, 


Galena, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand De- 


tour, Grand ‘Tower, Hardin, Havana, 
Herod, Homer, Keithsburg, Mahomet, 
Marshall, Monticello, Mount Carmel, 


Oquawka, Oregon, Quincy, Quiver Lake, 
Rockford, St. Joseph, Savanna, Seymour, 
Springfield, Urbana, Warsaw, White Heath. 


Orthotylus neglectus Knight 


Orthotylus neglectus Knight (1923d, p. 515). 

Mave.—Length 5.40, width 1.75. In color 
pattern similar to dorsalis (Provancher), but 
genital claspers, fig. 128, indicate it is more 
closely related to basicornis Knight and 
knighti Van Duzee. Color black, rostrum 
except apex, slender lateral margin of pro- 
notal disk, cuneus, embolium, and outer 
margin of corium, greenish; legs greenish, 
darkened at bases of coxae and tips of tarsi; 
membrane and veins uniformly blackish. 
Rarely, pale forms may occur having median 
line of pronotum and scutellum pale. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.80, width 1.90; more 
robust than the male, usually pale areas 
more extensive. 

Foop PLrant.—Black willow 
gra). 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, New York, Nova Scotia. 

Illinois Record. — ANTIOCH: 
1936, Ross & Burks, 12. 


(Salix ni- 


June 12, 


Noctuocoris Knight 


No Illinois species; Noctuocoris fumidus 
(Van Duzee) occurs from Colorado east- 
ward to New York and Massachusetts. It 
will likely be found in Illinois eventually. 


Labopidea Uhler 
kPa. EO SPECIES 


1. Pubescence very short, recumbent, 
with just a few odd, erect, fuscous 
hairs scattered over pronotum and 
mesoscutum....... >. ainsliei, p. 105 

Pubescence prominent, dorsum clothed 
Math erect, palevhairs... 025s... -- 2 


2. Anterior margin of pronotum not 
raised above flat surface of the disk. 
oS ee planifrons, p. 105 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiriIpAgz, OF ILLINOIS 


105 


Anterior margin of pronotum and calli 
slightly arched, raised above flat, 
central area of disk...... allii, p. 105 


Labopidea planifrons Knight 


Labopidea planifrons Knight (19284, p. 234). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa 


and South Dakota. 


Labopidea ainsliei Knight 


Labopidea ainsliei Knight (19284, p. 235). 

This species is allied to allii Knight, but 
differs in having a wider vertex, shorter 
pubescence and pale yellowish green color; 
ainsliei is also distinguished by the form of 
the male genital claspers. 

Mare.—Length 3.50, width 1.15. Anten- 
nae, greenish yellow, last two segments 
brownish. Body clothed with very short, 
fine, pale pubescence; a few silvery, silky 
hairs also evident on pronotum. General 
color greenish yellow, hemelytra more green, 
but not blue green as in perfect specimens 
of allii; membrane and veins evenly shaded 
with pale fumate. Genital claspers distinc- 
tive, left clasper more slender than in allii, 
basal lobe produced above to form an acu- 
minate spine; right clasper slender, widened 
at base to form a dorsal, subtriangular 
lobe; apical half slender, incurved and acu- 
minate. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.34. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Host PLtants.—Wild onion (Allium cer- 
nuum) and cultivated onions in lowa. 


Known  DistriputTion.— Illinois and 
lowa. 
Illinois Records. — FouNTAIN BLUFF: 


May 15, 1932, Frison, Ross & Mohr, 1 ¢. 
Giant Ciry State Park: May 21, 1932, 
H. Lb. Dozier, 12. Mune: June 10; 
O19 1a: 


Labopidea allii Knight 


Onion Plant Bug 


Labopidea allii Knight (19234, p. 31). 

This is a small, blue green species with 
fine, erect, simple, pale pubescence, figs. 130, 
bss 

Mave.—Length 4.00, width 1.28. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length 
0.75, scarcely reaching to middle of sternum. 


106 


Antennae, first segment, length 0.34; second, 
1.05, yellowish brown, green at base; third, 
1.01, dusky brown; fourth, 0.43, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.48, width at base 1.08; 
disk rather flat, anterior margin and calli 


Fig. 130.— Labopidea allii, the long-winged 
form. 


slightly arched. Body clothed with fine, 
erect, simple, pale hairs, this pubescence 
longest on clavus, base of embolium, mar- 
gins of pronotum, and frons; on pronotum 
and hemelytra minute, silvery, sericeous 
hairs which shine in certain lights also 
present. General color a pale blue green; 
antennae, except first segment, brownish; 
membrane uniformly pale fumate, veins 


Ittino1s NaturaL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


about smaller areole green; tip of rostrum 
black. Male genital claspers distinctive for 
species, fig. 132. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.10, width 1.48. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. Brachypterous females are 
at hand from Iowa; in these the last two 
segments of abdomen are exposed, cuneus 
short and membrane lacking. 

Host PLants.—Wild garlic (Allium can- 
adense) and wild onion (Allium cernuum) ; 


Fig. 131.— Labopidea allii, the short-winged 


form. 


this species often migrates to cultivated 
onions, where it becomes exceedingly abun-— 
dant, often killing the plants. In southern 
Missouri from 1934 to 1936, many plantings - 
of Bermuda onions were destroyed. La-— 
bopidea allii is also reported as a pest in 
southern Iowa and eastern Kansas. The 
bug winters as an egg in old onion stems. 
Destroying the old onion tops and eradicat-_ 


September, 1941 


ing the nearby stands of the wild host should 
keep the pest under control. 

Known DISTRIBUTION. 
ana, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, 


Illinois, Indi- 
Oklahoma. 


ZA 


— 


Fig. 132.— Male genital claspers of Labopidea 
allit. 


Illinois Records.—Sixteen males and 15 
females, taken May 7 to October, are from 
Green County, Alto Pass, Anna, Cache, 
Cobden, Dongola, Elizabethtown, Fountain 
Bluff, Grand Tower, Olney, Rattlesnake 
Ferry, Urbana. 


Heterocordylus Fieber 


Heterocordylus malinus Reuter 


Heterocordylus malinus Reuter (1909, p. 71). 

Mare.—Length 6.20, width 2.20. Head 
width 1.12, vertex 0.58. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.47; second, 1.80, maximum 
thickness equal to that of first segment, 
pubescence prominent, black; third, length 
0.73, moderately slender; fourth, length 
0.52, slender. Pronotum, length 1.12, width 
at base 1.95. General color black, usually 
with a patch of red on basal angles of pro- 
notum and hemelytra. Clothed with very 
fine, yellowish to dusky, simple pubescence, 
intermixed with rather sparsely placed tufts 
of white, deciduous, tomentose pubescence. 

FeMALE.—Fig. 133. Length 6.20, width 
2.40. Antennae with second segment nearly 
as thick as first segment but more slender on 
basal half. Red areas often broader than 
those of male; usually with basal half of 
Ppronotum, embolium, inner half of corium, 
base and exterior margin of clavus, and cu- 
neus, red; more rarely entirely black, as 
in male. Pubescence as in male. 

Foop PrLants.— Hawthorn (Crataegus 
sp.) is the original host, but in many locali- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripagz, OF ILLINOIS 


107 


Fig. 133.— Heterocordylus malinus, 2. 


ties the species migrates and breeds on culti- 
vated apple (Pyrus malus). A single Illinois 
specimen was collected on lecust (Robinia 
pseudoacacia). Known as a pest of apple in 
New York where the nymphs have been 
observed to puncture the small fruits; this 
species is not, however, so serious a pest as 
Lygidea mendax Reuter. 


Known DistrisuTtion. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missis- 
sippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New 


York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Wiscon- 
sin. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-one males 
and 33 females and 7 nymphs, taken May 
23 to June 27, are from Eldorado, Eliza- 
beth, Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Mani- 


to, Pegrim, Willow Springs. 


CERATOCAPSINI 
KEY TO GENERA 


Pronotum anterior to middle nearly cylin- 
drical, rather abruptly flaring behind 
middle, basal half of disk strongly con- 
vex; emboliar margins sulcate on basal 
hath oe eee Pamillia, p. 108 

Pronotum regularly narrowed anteriorly, 
its sides not constricted at middle; em- 
boliar margins not sulcate, fig. 197.... 
eds ean ae eee Ceratocapsus, p. 108 


108 


Pamillia Uhler 


No Illinois species; Pamillia davisi Knight 


is known from New Jersey. 


Ceratocapsus Reuter 


KEY FO SPECIES 


. Clothed only with simple pubescence, 
although sometimes also with prom- 
inent, long, pilose hairs.......... 2 

Clothed with two types of pubescence; 
bearing either more or less closely 
appressed, silky, tomentose pubes- 
cence, or scalelike pubescence, and 
in addition intermixed, more erect 
PUBESCENCe ee ete Hee Ae LO 


. Head and antennae cneas on ae 


sum uniformly yellowish......... 3 
Head and antennae not distinctly red; 
dorsum more or less darkened..... + 


Ee Lenniaes entirelyy Ted. awa cary age 
5 a a eee rubricornis, p. 109 
Antennae with first segment and basal 
part of second yellowish.......... 
lutescens, p. 111 
. Dorsum dark brown, a broad pale or 
yellowish mark extending across 
hemelytra just beyond tip of scutel- 
ECT RE are ecc te sehap fasciatus, p. 109 
Dorsum without transverse pale fascia 5 
. Robust; head and thorax not, or 
scarcely, darker than hemelytra, 
which are very dark brown with 
basal half frequently paler; length 
| a a modestus, p. 111 
Slender; head and thorax black, hem- 
elytra yellowish with a fuscous cloud 
on corlum; sometimes brachypter- 
SOUS slenetlh + 50 eae hereto ae ee 
pear fav evils nigrocephalus, p. 111 
- Dorsum dark brown, a broad, pale 
mark extending across hemelytra 
just beyond tip of scutellum; this 
pale area in cuticula, not formed by 
pubescence. 72... pilosulus, p. 109 
Dorsum without transverse pale mark 7 


. Pronotum impunctate, sometimes 


with vague, minute cracks........ 8 
Pronotum punctate, these punctures 
sometimes rather minute, but 

always distinctly present......... 14 

. Clavus bearing long, pilose hairs.... 9 

Clavus without long, pilose hairs... .11 


. Length of first antennal segment 


Ittinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


10. 


it 


1S: 


14. 


ey 


16. 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


equal to not more than three-fourths 
width of vertex in male, in female 
less than three-fourths; male 
slender, length of second antennal 
segment only slightly exceeding 
width of head; female brachypter- 
ous, disk of cortum swollen, convex 
Sie apatite camelus, p. 114 
Length of first antennal segment ap- 
proximately equal to width of ver- 
Cob: Ciera ere. ee 10 
Second antennal segment fuscous at 
apex; male best distinguished by 
structure of genital] claspers, fig. 134 
Re RR MeN husseyi, p. 113 
Second antennal segment uniformly 
pale yellowish; male best distin- 
guished by structure of genital 
claspers, fig. 134°) j)2222 sericus, p. 113 
Length of third antennal segment not 
equal to width of vertex plus dorsal 
width of one eye; color uniformly 
yellowish, antennae brownish 
apically...) s20 vec luteus, p. 111 
Length of third antennal segment 
greater than width of vertex plus 
dorsal width of one eyes. === 12 


Length of second antennal segment 
approximately equal to or greater 
than width of pronotum at base; 
color very dark brown, almost 
black; length 4.50. ..nigellus, p. 111 

Length of second antennal segment 
less than width of pronotumat base. .13 


Third and fourth antennal segments 
approximately equal in_ length; 
total length 3.10. -...taxodii, p. 111 

Third antennal segment distinctly 
longer than fourth; total length 
SAO). sc Waste eee vicinus, p. 112 


Length of third antennal segment 
greater than width of vertex plus 
dorsal width of one eye:>s.0eem 15 

Length of third antennal segment 
equal to or less than width of vertex 
plus dorsal width of one eye...... 17 

Length of third antennal segment 
equal to width of head; female 
ovate, brachypterous, length 2.50; 
male length 3.10... .setosus, p. 115 

Length of third antennal segment less 
than width: of head. «: 1.6 2am 16. 

Pronotum with a fuscous spot behind 
each callus; scutellum and clavus 
bearing a few long, pilose hairs... . 
tie Mee reo, complicatus, p. 114 


September, 1941 


Pronotum with calli and anterior area 
of disk dark fuscous to black; 
scutellum and clavus rather thickly 
clothed with suberect, yellowish 
pubescence, but without long, pilose 
Bees eres see os pumilus, p. 112 

17. Length of second antennal segment 
greater than width of head plus 
dorsal width of one eye........... 
PMMA 28 PSS Sg go incisus, p. 113 

Length of second antennal segment 
not exceeding width of head plus 
dorsal width of one eye.......... 18 

18. Membrane uniformly pale, darkest 
specimens with membrane slightly 
smoky: length 2:80.....-.....+... 
icc Oe quadrispiculus, p. 114 

Raemokane Pat: o£. o. 066 sells eno. 19 

19. Second and third antennal segments 
uniformly pale yellowish......... 

a ae ee uniformis, p. 113 

Third antennal segment dark or red- 


Gishmsrowineerecee eo oe ne 20 


20. Dorsum densely clothed with erect, 
father bristly pubescence... ...: .. 
Si A eo digitulus, p. 115 
Dorsum more sparsely clothed with 
Semuletece pubescence. ..24.4...-72! 


21. Membrane uniformly fuscous....... 
2 AE Sea decurvatus, p. 116 

Membrane pale, fuscous on apical one- 
fiird only 22,22 .fuscinus, p. 115 


Ceratocapsus fasciatus (Uhler) 


Megacoelum fasciatum Uhler (1877, p. 421). 

Matce.—Length 3.00, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.65, vertex 0.28. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.26; second, 0.91; third, 0.60; 
fourth, 0.48. Pronotum, length 0.56, width 
at base 1.04. General color dark chestnut 
brown with legs and antennae paler; hem- 
elytra with a broad, transverse, pale yellow- 
ish band behind tip of scutellum; clothed 
only with fine recumbent, yellowish pubes- 
cence. Genital claspers as in fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.10, width 1.40. Head 
width 0.67, vertex 0.33. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.29; second, 0.99; third, 0.61; 
fourth, 0.52. Pronotum, length 0.56, width 
at base 0.67. Very similar to male in color 
and pubescence. 

Host PLrant.—Hickory (Carya sp.). 

Known Distrisution.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- 


KnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miripae, or ILLINOIS 


109 


sissippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—ILuiNois: July 16, 
1892, 133.16, 2'o. Aco: Aug. 13, 1916, 
W. J. Gerhard, 1g, rm. Dvusois: July 2, 
1909, beating from tree, 19. GALESBURG: 
June 27, 1892, 29. Paros Park: July 27, 
1913, on hickory, W. J. Gerhard, 19, FM. 


Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight 
Ceratocapsus rubricornis Knight (1927c, p. 
Se 


Mave.—Length 4.30, width 1.70. Anten- 
nae deep red, last two segments somewhat 
darker red. Clothed with simple, yellowish 
pubescence ; a few longer, more nearly erect 
hairs on base of clavus, scutellum and disk 
of pronotum. Color uniformly pale yellow- 
ish; antennae, head, propleura above middle 
of coxal cleft, and hind tibiae, bright red. 
Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134; differ 
from those of /utescens Reuter by long, de- 
curved, sickle-shaped apical half of right 
clasper and by broader basal spine. 

FEeMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.90. In 
coloration and pubescence similar to male. 

Foop PLants.—Collected on linden (Tilia 
americana). 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Mississippi. 

Illinois Record.—GaLeEsBurc: 
on linden, 19. 


August, 


Ceratocapsus pilosulus Knight 


Ceratocapsus pilosus Knight (1923d, p. 526). 
Preoccupied. 
Ceratocapsus pilosulus 


198). 

This species is very similar to fasciatus 
(Uhler) in size and coloration but is readily 
to be distinguished by the long, pilose hairs 
on the head and the dorsum, and by the 
claspers, fig. 134. 

Mace.—Length 3.40, width 1.30. Front 
beset with several prominent, erect hairs. 
Rostrum attaining hind margins of posterior 
coxae. Antennae with second segment be- 
coming gradually thicker from base to apex, 
yellowish brown; third brownish; fourth 
dark brown. Pronotum clothed with fine, 
yellowish pubescence, margins of disk beset 
with prominent pilose hairs. General color 
dark brown; hemelytra with a broad, trans- 
verse, pale yellowish fascia just behind apex 
of scutellum. Hemelytra clothed with very 


Knight (1930c, p. 


110 


fine, closely appressed, sericeous pubescence, 
intermixed with longer recumbent pubes- 
cence and sparsely set, erect, pilose hairs, 
pubescence taking color of surface beneath. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Foop PLants.—Collected on hop horn- 


G 
A A 


FASCIATUS 


PILOSULUS 


MODESTUS 


—— 


SN 


\ 


A 
HUSSEY 
A 
RUBRICORNIS 
A \ 
(B 
PUM/LUS ra 4 


Ittinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


July, 1¢ ; 


CAMELUS 


V ol. 225 Avie 


beam (Ostrya virginiana), bur oak (Quer- 
cus macrocarpa) and hazelnut (Corylus 
americana). 

Known DistripuTIon.—lIllinois, Iowa, 
Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIs: 
13,19. AtconaguINn: June 10, 
1896, 24, 19. GaLena: June 30, 1932, 


\ 
A y 
LUTEUS 
7) = SERICUS 


eve 
x i, 


TAXOD// 


NIGELLUS 


VICINUS 
7} 


QUADRISPICULUS 


Fc COMPL ue TUS UNIF ORMIS c 


SETOSUS DIGITULUS ee =) a 
DECURVATUS Eee: FUSCINUS 


Fig. 134.— Male genital claspers of Ceratocapsus. 


lateral aspect. 


A, left clasper, lateral aspect; C, right clasper, 


September, 1941 


Dozier & Mohr, on Corylus sp.,92,59. 
WILLow Sprincs: June 28, 1903, W. J. 
Gerhard, 1 ¢, 29, FM; June 26, 1904, W. 
J. Gerhard, 1¢, Fm; July 8, 1906, W. J. 
Gerhard, 19, FM; July 18, 1909, A. B. 
Wolcott, 1 ¢, FM. 


Ceratocapsus lutescens Reuter 


Ceratocapsus lutescens Reuter (1876, p. 87). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Flor- 
ida, Kansas, Long Island, New York, Texas. 


Ceratocapsus nigrocephalus Knight 


Ceratocapsus nigrocephalus Knight (1923d, 
p. 534). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Iowa, 
Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, 


Ontario, Quebec, South Dakota. 


Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler) 


Melinna modesta Uhler (1887c, p. 69). 

Mave.—Length 4.00, width 1.40. Gen- 
eral color yellowish brown to dark fuscous 
brown. Dorsum impunctate, surface very 
finely alutaceous; scutellum, clavus and 
inner apical margin of corium beset with 
a few long erect hairs, but devoid of closely 
appressed, sericeous pubescence. Genital 
claspers as in fig. 134. 

FEeMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.70. Simi- 
lar to male in general color. 

Foop PLants.— Occurs on basswood 
(Tilia americana), oak (Quercus sp.), alder 
(Alnus rugosa) and grape (Vitis sp.). 

Known DistriputTion.—Extensive over 
the eastern United States. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty males and 22 
females, taken June 24 to Sept. 4, are from 
Algonquin, Antioch, Argo, Cary, Chicago, 
De Soto, Eichorn, Fox Lake, Galesburg, 
Glen Ellyn, Havana, Pulaski, Starved Rock 
State Park, Urbana, Waukegan, West Puli- 
man, Willow Springs. 


Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight 


Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight (1923d, p. 528). 

This resembles the dark forms of mo- 
destus (Uhler), but is readily distinguished 
by the pubescence of the scutellum. 

Mace.—Length 4.50, width 1.70. Anten- 
nae clothed with short, closely set pubes- 
cence; dark reddish brown to blackish. Pro- 
notum alutaceous, finely and sparsely pu- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiriIpDAk, OF ILLINOIS 


1a 


bescent, a few, more nearly erect hairs also 
present. Scutellum, clavus and basal half 
of corium clothed with closely appressed, 
scalelike pubescence sparsely intermixed 
with simple pubescence. General color very 
dark brown, almost black; cuneus frequently 
more reddish brown; tibiae yellowish brown. 
Membrane and veins uniformly fuscous, 
area bordering apex of cuneus slightly paler. 
Genital claspers as in fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.60, width 1.84. Very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Hasirs.—Collected on hickory (Carya 
sp.), the nymphs frequently found on the 
trunk and larger limbs of the trees; perhaps 
predacious. 

Known Distripution. — Georgia, IIli- 
nois, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, New 
Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and 
22 females, taken June 11 to Aug. 9, are 
from Galena, Galesburg, La Rue, Monti- 
cello, Oakwood, Round Lake, Shawneetown, 
Urbana, Waukegan, White Pines Forest 
State Park, Zion. 


Ceratocapsus luteus Knight 


Ceratocapsus luteus Knight (1923d, p. 527). 

Mave.—Length 3.80, width 1.46. Anten- 
nae with first segment yellowish, second 
yellowish, brownish on apical half, third 
fusco-brownish, fourth very dark brown. 
Pronotum impunctate, somewhat alutaceous. 
Dorsum clothed with very fine, simple, yel- 
lowish pubescence, intermixed with closely 
appressed, silvery, scalelike pubescence on 
scutellum, clavus and inner half of corium. 
General color uniformly yellowish, tinged 
with brownish; membrane uniformly pale 
fumate, veins tinged with yellowish. Clasp- 
ers as in fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.64. Very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Known DistripuTion. — Illinois, New 
York, West Virginia. 

Illinois Record.—BeEaAcH: Aug. 7, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, 18,19. 


Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight 


Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight (1927c, p. 143). 

This species is allied to Juteus Knight but 
is distinguished by its smaller size, longer 
second antennal segment, and yellow anten- 
nae with a reddish fourth segment. 


112 


Mate.—Length 3.20, width 1.30. Anten- 
nae with all segments nearly equal in thick- 
ness: all but fourth yellow; the fourth seg- 
ment reddish. Pronotum impunctate, alu- 
taceous. Dorsum clothed with fine, simple, 
yellowish pubescence, intermixed on scutel- 
lum, clavus and inner half of corium with 
closely appressed, silvery, scalelike pubes- 
cence. General color light reddish; hemely- 
tra more or less translucent, old specimens 
may become brownish red; membrane pale 
fuscous, becoming gradually paler toward 
base. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. 

Femace.—Length 3.10, width 1.30. Very 
similar to male in pubescence and colora- 
tion. 

Foop Pirant.—Cypress (Taxodium dis- 
tichum). 

Known Distripution. — Florida, 
nois, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee. 

Illincis Records.—Carro: July 27, 1930, 
on Taxodium distichum, Knight & Ross, 
44,29. ELizaBETHTOWN: July 25, 1930, 
on Taxodium distichum, Knight & Ross, 
1¢,89. HorsesHoe Lake: July 11, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, 11 ¢, 229. JONESBORO: 
Aug. 2, 1932, on Taxodium distichum, H. L. 
Dozier, 22,69. Karnak: July 26, 1930, 
on Taxodium distichum, Knight & Ross, 
44,139; June 23, 1932, Ross, Dozier & 
Pankey lid 


Ihi- 


Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler) 


Melinna pumila Uhler (1887c, p. 69). 

Mave—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Anten- 
nae with first segment yellowish, a red mark 
present near base; second yellowish, third 
yellowish, apical half reddish brown; fourth 
brownish. Dorsum with fine, black punc- 
tures; thickly clothed with prominent, sim- 
ple, yellowish pubescence intermixed with 
shorter, closely appressed, silvery yellow, 
sericeous pubescence. General color yellow- 
ish brown to dark brown, calli and anterior 
third of pronotum almost black; dark speci- 
mens with the whole dorsum very dark 
brown, almost black; membrane fuscous, 
paler on basal half. Genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, fig. 134. 

Femace.—Fig. 135. Length 3.90, width 
1.70. More robust than male, but very 
similar in color, pubescence and punctura- 
tion. » 

Foop PLants.—Occurs most frequently 
on grape (Vitis sp.) and willow (Salix sp.) ; 
also taken on red birch (Betula nigra). 


ItLrno1is NaTuRAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


V ol... 22, Agim 


Known DistriBuTION.—Extensive over 
the eastern United States and Canada. 

Illinois Records.— One hundred one 
males and 81 females, taken June 10 to Sept. 
20, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, 
Apple River Canyon State Park, Beards- 
town, Browns, Carbondale, Des Plaines, 
Dolson, Eichorn, Elizabethtown, Galesburg, 
Golconda, Hardin, Harrisburg, Herod, Ho- 


mer Park, Kampsville, Kankakee, Kansas, 


Fig. 135.—Ceratocapsus pumilus, 9. 


Metropolis, Monticello, Muncie, Pike, Put- 
nam, Savanna, Seymour, Starved Rock State 
Park, Topeka, Vienna, Walnut Prairie, 
West Union, White Heath, York. 


Ceratocapsus vicinus Knight 


Ceratocapsus vicinus Knight (1923d, p. 529) 

Mate.—Leneth 3.40, width 1.40. An- 
tennae with first segment yellowish, fre- 
quently a red mark on ventral surface; 
second yellowish, brownish at apex; third 
reddish brown; fourth reddish brown. Pro- 
notum impunctate, alutaceous, sparsely 
clothed with fine, yellowish pubescence. Scu- 
tellum, clavus and basal half of corium 
covered with closely appressed, silvery, 
scalelike pubescence. General color fulvous 
to reddish; scutellum and apical half of 
hemelytra dark brownish to blackish; legs 
yellowish; membrane pale, apical half fus- 


September, 1941 


cous. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 


Known DistripuTtion. — Illinois, New 
Jersey, New York. 
Illinois Records.— AsHLEy: Aug. 7, 


1917, 19. Mereposta: Aug. 22, 1917, sand 
Bits. @. 


Ceratocapsus sericus Knight 


Ceratocapsus sericus Knight (1923d, p. 530). 

Mave.—Length 3.90, width 1.56. Dor- 
sum clothed with rather sparsely set, erect, 
yellowish, pilose hairs; scutellum, clavus 
and inner half of corium covered with closely 
appressed, sericeous or scalelike pubescence. 
General color very dark brown; legs and 
antennae yellowish; third and fourth an- 
tennal segments dark reddish brown. Mem- 
brane and veins uniformly pale fuscous, a 
small clear spot bordering apex of cuneus. 
Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 134. 

FeMALE.—Length 4.10, width 1.66. Very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Known DistrinutTion.—lIllinois, Michi- 
gan, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, 
Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records. — Gatespurc: | 2 ; 
July 16, 1892, 1¢. 


Ceratocapsus incisus Knight 


Ceratocapsus incisus Knight (1923d, p. 532). 

Matve.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Anten- 
nae with second segment slender at base and 
gradually thickened toward apex; third 
brownish, nearly equal in thickness to second 
segment; fourth brownish, equal in thick- 
ness to third segment. Disk with fine, black 
punctures similar to those on clavus and 
corium. Dorsum clothed with prominent, 
suberect, yellowish pubescence, intermixed 
on scutellum, clavus and corium with closely 
appressed, silvery, sericeous or scalelike pu- 
bescence. General color very dark brown, 
more yellowish on clavus, embolium and 
base of pronotum; membrane and veins pale 
fumate, apical half fuscous, margins slightly 
paler. Legs yellowish to greenish; femora 
scarcely darker. Genital claspers distinctive, 
fig. 134. 

FeMALE.—Length 4.00, width 1.70. An- 
tennae with second segment slender, slightly 
thicker apically, yellowish; third brownish, 
paler at base; fourth brownish. Very simi- 


KNIGHT: PLANT BuGs, or MiripaAg, oF ILLINOIS 


113 


lar to male in pubescence and coloration. 

Foop PLants.—Occurs on willow (Salix 
sp.), alder (Alnus rugosa) and hornbeam 
(Carpinus caroliniana). 

Known DistriguTtion. — Illinois, Lowa, 
New York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—NortHERN ILLINOoIs: 
19. EicHorn: June 24, 1932, Hicks 
Branch, on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & 
Park, 19. ELIZABETHTOWN: June 22-24, 
1932, Ross, Dozier & Park, 2¢,29. Har- 
RISBURG: June 25, 1932, on Carpinus caro- 
liniana, Ross, Dozier & Park, 64, 79. 
Karnak: June 14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
42. 


Ceratocapsus husseyi Knight 


Ceratocapsus husseyi Knight (1930c, p. 196). 

Mave.—Length 4.00, width 1.57. Anten- 
nae with second segment yellowish, fuscous 
on apical one-third; third fuscous with a 
narrow yellowish area at base; fourth fus- 
cous. Pronotum impunctate, alutaceous. 
Dorsum clothed with two types of pubes- 
cence; sparsely set with rather long, erect 
hairs; and scutellum, clavus and corium also 
bearing closely appressed, silvery, scalelike 
hairs. General color very dark brown; 
inner half of clavus, narrow area at base 
of corium, entire embolium, and base of 
pronotum, yellowish. Membrane uniformly 
fuscous, paler within areoles and on areas 
bordering cuneus. Genital claspers distinc- 
tive, fig. 134, differing from sericus Knight 
particularly in left clasper. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.40, width 1.60. Very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Known  DristripuTion. — Illinois and 
Michigan. 

Illinois Record.—GatessBurc: July 16, 
1892, Stromberg, 29. 


Ceratocapsus uniformis Knight 


Ceratocapsus uniformis Knight (1927c, p. 
147). 

The dorsum of this species is more sparse- 
ly covered with yellowish, simple pubescence 
than in pumilus (Uhler), and the pubescence 
in uniformis is intermixed with silvery, seri- 
ceous hairs; the punctation in uniformis is 
stronger and more distinct than in pumilus. 

Mate.—Length 3.00, width 1.50. Ros- 
trum reaching middle of hind coxae. Anten- 
nae yellowish, with fourth segment brown- 
ish. General color uniformly dark reddish 


114 


brown; darker at anterior half of pronotum 
and somewhat paler at basal margin. Mem- 
brane and veins uniformly fuscous, a pale 
spot present near apex of cuneus. Genital 
claspers distinctive, fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.00, width 1.50. Simi- 
lar to male in punctation, pubescence and 
coloration. 

Foop PLant.—Collected on walnut (Ju- 
glans nigra). 

Known DistrisuTION.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, 
Missouri, Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia. 

Illinois Records. — Dr Soro: July 28, 
1930, Knight & Ross, 1 ¢. Grarron: July 
20, 1932, on Juglans nigra, Ross & Dozier, 
24, 29. Metroports: July 26, 19390, 
Knight & Ross, 19. 


Ceratocapsus camelus Knight 
Ceratocapsus camelus Knight (1930c, p. 187). 
Mate.—Length 3.80, width 1.08. Form 

slender. Head width 0.73; vertex 0.38, con- 
vexly rounded, basal edge thin, slightly over- 
lapping collar. Pronotum, length 0.82, width 
at base 1.08; nearly campanulate in form, 
lateral margins sulcate, coxal clefts visible 
from above; disk strongly convex, smooth, 
shining ; calli scarcely evident. General color 
dark brown to almost black; pronotal disk 
and cuneus darker and shining; ostiolar 
peritreme white, somewhat protruding later- 
ally. Hemelytra dark brown, translucent, 
strongly shining, emboliar margins sinuate; 
a silvery, sericeous, pubescent band extend- 
ing across middle of corium and clavus near 
apex; also with similar pubescence at base 
of clavus and across middle of scutellum; 
scutellum, clavus and inner angle of corium 
beset with several erect, moderately long, 
yellowish, bristlelike hairs; cuneus scarcely 
deflexed, uniformly very dark brown. Mem- 
brane uniformly dark fuscous, area border- 
ing cuneus, and spaces between and within 
larger areoles, pale. Genital structures dis- 
tinctive, right clasper bifurcate, each half 
curving in a semicircle, tips nearly in con- 
tact, fig. 134. 

FEMALE. — Length 2.80; brachypterous, 
width across abdomen 1.12. Head width 
0.80, vertex 0.52; large, eyes rather small, 
frons, vertex and tylus forming an arcuate 
line as viewed from side. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.22, pale brownish; second, 
1.77, becoming progressively larger from 
base to apex, very dark brown. Pronotum, 


Ittinois NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22) Artem 


length 0.65, width at base 0.67; disk strong- 
ly convex, base strongly depressed below 
level of anterior margin, sides rounded and 
slightly sinuate, coxal clefts visible from 
above. Scutellum depressed, small, triangu- 
lar, mesoscutum visible, sharply declivent. 
Hemelytra abbreviated, reaching to middle 
of abdomen, depressed at base, corium 
tumidly convex on apical area, shining, apical 
and inner margins thickly clothed with sil- 
very, sericeous pubescence and also beset 
with several erect, fine, long hairs; cuneus 
and membrane absent. Basal abdominal 
sternite with a frosted spot just posterior 
to each hind coxa. 

Known DistripuTiIon.—lIllinois. 

Illinois Records——ALconourn: July 17, 
1896, 1 specimen. Urspana: Aug. 21, 1926, 
Vera Smith, 1¢,1¢. 


Ceratocapsus complicatus Knight 


Ceratocapsus complicatus Knight (1927c, p. 
8). 


Mate.—Length 3.80, width 1.50. Anten- 
nae with first segment yellowish, a red 
mark near base; second yellowish; third red- 
ish brown; fourth dark reddish. General 
color and punctation nearly as in pumilus 
(Uhler), but dorsum is clothed with silvery, 
sericeous pubescence sparsely intermixed with 
long, erect, pilose hairs and usually has two 
fuscous spots visible on the pronotal disk, one 
behind each callus. Craspers as in fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.10, width 1.40. Very 
similar to male in pubescence, puncturation 
and coloration. 

Known DistrisuTion.—Florida, Illinois, 
Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Texas, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records. — Harrispurc: June 
15, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. Havana: 
Aug. 30, 1917, 1¢. Heron: Aug. 4, 1934, 
DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. Quincy: Aug. 11, 
1889; C: Ac Hart, 2a 


Ceratocapsus quadrispiculus Knight 


Ceratocapsus quadrispiculus Knight (1927c, 
p. 148). 


This species is allied to uniformis Knight, 
and is very similar to it in size and colora- 
tion, but differs in having strongly arcuate 
emboliar margins, a somewhat shorter ros- 
trum and a uniformly pale, smoky mem- 
brane; the genital claspers are distinctive, 


fig. 134. 


September, 1941 


Ma ce.—Length 2.90, width 1.50. Anten- 
nae yellowish; first segment with red mark 
near base; fourth segment reddish. Dorsum 
with irregular, fine, black punctations; 
clothed with prominent, erect, pale hairs 
intermixed with appressed, silvery, sericeous 
pubescence that appears to arise from punc- 
tures on hemelytra and scutellum. General 
color dark reddish brown, more blackish on 
scutellum and on anterior portion of pro- 
notum; punctures black; legs uniformly yel- 
lowish; membrane and veins uniformly pale 
dusky. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.20, width 1.50. More 
robust than male, but very similar in pubes- 
cence and coloration. 

Foop PLiant. — Collected on hornbeam 
(Carpinus caroliniana). 

Known DistrisutTion.—lllinois, Louisi- 
ana, Texas. 

Illinois Records. — Doncora: July 2, 
1916, 1 ¢@. Herop: July 24, 1930, on Car- 
pinus sp., Knight & Ross, 22,39. 


Ceratocapsus digitulus Knight 


Ceratocapsus digitulus Knight (1923d, p. 


Mate.—Length 3.40, width 1.60. An- 
tennae with first segment yellowish; second 
yellowish, thickened on apical half, but not 
attaining thickness of first segment; third 
scarcely equal in thickness to second seg- 
ment, yellowish, apical half brownish; fourth 
brownish. Pronotum punctate, dark brown- 
ish, almost black on calli. Dorsum rather 
densely clothed with erect, somewhat bristly 
pubescence, intermixed on scutellum and 
hemelytra with closely appressed, silvery, 
scalelike pubescence. General color dark 
brown with a reddish tinge; cuneus reddish 
brown, embolium translucent yellowish; 
legs greenish or yellowish; membrane uni- 
formly fusco-brownish, scarcely paler on 
areas bordering cuneus. Genital claspers 
distinctive, fig. 134. 

FemMALe.—Length 3.50, width 1.70. An- 
tennae with second segment slender, grad- 
ually thickened apically; third nearly equal 
in thickness to that of apex of second seg- 
ment, yellowish to brownish; fourth brown- 
ish. Hemelytra more arcuate than in male, 
but pubescence, punctation and coloration 
very similar. 

Known DisrrisutTion.—lIllinois, Mary- 
land, Massachusetts, New York, North 
Carolina, Ontario, Virginia. 


KnicHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripas, or ILLINOIS 


115 


Illinois Records——Dusots: July 2, 1909, 
beating from trees, 19. VIENNA: June 14, 


1934, DeLong & Ross, 2 ¢. 


Ceratocapsus setosus Reuter 


Ceratocapsus setosus Reuter (1909, p. 70). 

Mave.—Length 2.80, width 1.10. Anten- 
nae with first segment yellowish, a red mark 
near base; second yellowish; third fuscous, 
paler at base; fourth fuscous. Pronotum 
with disk finely punctate. Dorsum clothed 
with sparsely set, erect, pilose hairs, inter- 
mixed on hemelytra and scutellum with 
closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pubes- 
cence. General color dark brownish, shin- 
ing; head paler; legs yellowish. Genital 
claspers distinctive, fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 2.60, width 1.43; bra- 
chypterous, ovate. Hemelytra rounded at 
apex, membrane absent or only a mere trace 
of it remaining at anal angle. Color, punc- 
turation and pubescence similar to those of 
male. Macropterous females occur in south- 
ern states, but appear rarer farther north. 

Foop PLants.— Occurs frequently on 
ferns. 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, 
Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, Ohio, 
Pennsylvania, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and two 
females, taken May 19 to Aug. 23, are from 
Anna, Bluff Springs, Danville, Dongola, 
Elizabeth, Hardin, Herod, Muncie, Rock- 


ton, Union County State Forest, Urbana. 


Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight 


Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight (1923d, p. 531). 

Matce.—Length 3.70, width 1.61. Anten- 
nae with first segment yellow, a red spot on 
inner side at base; second slender at base 
and becoming gradually thicker apically, at- 
taining thickness of first segment, yellowish; 
third yellowish, becoming fuscous on apical 
half; fourth equal in thickness to third seg- 
ment, fusco-brownish. Dorsum_ punctate, 
clothed with suberect, yellowish pubescence, 
this pubescence longer and more prominent 
than in pumilus (Uhler) and intermixed 
with closely appressed, silvery, sericeous pu- 
bescence. General color yellowish brown to 
very dark brown, almost black; calli and 
anterior portion of pronotum usually black- 
ish; hemelytra yellowish brown, often in- 
fuscated; cuneus reddish. Legs yellowish; 


116 


femora reddish on apical half; membrane 
pale fumate, a distinct fuscous cloud occupy- 
ing middle of apical half. Genital claspers 
distinctive, fig. 134, both right and left clasp- 
ers composed of three prongs each. 

Femace.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. Very 
similar to male in pubescence and punctation, 
but emboliar margins more strongly arcuate ; 
pronotum yellowish, only calli and a ray 
across top of coxal cleft blackish; venter 
reddish to brownish. 

Hasits.—Occurs on willows (Salix nigra 
and S. amygdaloides). Evidently predacious 
in habits. 

Known DistrigutTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, lowa, Louisiana, Maryland, 
Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New 
York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Forty males, 49 fe- 
males and 1 nymph, taken May 25 to Aug. 
30, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, 
Eichorn, Galesburg, Golconda, Grand De- 
tour, Grand Tower, Havana, Homer Park, 
Kampsville, Lawrenceville, Meredosia, Me- 
tropolis, Monticello, Muncie, Paxton, Put- 
nam, Quincy, St. Joseph, Savanna, Topeka, 
Urbana, West Union. 


Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight 
Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight (1930c, p. 


Mate.—Length 3.70, width 1.64. Anten- 
nae pale yellowish, segments three and four 
reddish. Dorsum punctate, clothed with 
prominent, nearly erect, yellowish pubes- 
cence intermixed on scutellum and hemely- 
tra with silvery, sericeous pubescence; more 
strongly pubescent than pumilus (Uhler), 
although fuscous punctures on dorsum are 
very similar. General color yellowish to 
brownish, calli and propleura dark brown; 
cuneus reddish, except on outer margin; legs 
uniformly yellowish; membrane uniformly 
fuscous. Genital claspers distinctive for spe- 
cies, fig. 134. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.80, width 0.88. Very 
similar to male in pubescence, punctation 
and coloration. 

Hapsits.—Predacious; collected on alder 
(Alnus rugosa). 

Known Distrisution.—Illinois, Mary- 
land, New York, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records.—EicHorn: June 24, 
1932, on Alnus rugosa, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
36,19; June 13, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
OR hes 


I_tttnois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22; Arta tf 


SYSTELLONOTINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


Scutellum conically produced, fig. 137; 
hemelytra with a transverse white 
fascia across middle of clavus and base 
Of corium:s .¢. 5) Cyrtopeltocoris, p. 117 


Scutellum only moderately convex, fig. 
136; hemelytra with a pale spot on cla- 
vus, or white spot at base of corium, but, 
in either case, these white marks not 
forming a complete transverse fascia... 
So tke 2 eee Sericophanes, p. 116 


Sericophanes Reuter 


Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius 


Sericophanes ocellatus Osborn (1898, p. 238) 
not Reuter. 

Sericophanes heidemanni Poppius 
p. 260). 

Sericophanes noctuans Knight (1917a, p. 4). 


Mace.—Length 3.40, width 1.00. Gen- 
eral color dark chestnut to black. Legs yel- 
lowish brown; tibiae darker, posterior coxae 
pale; antennae yellowish brown, darker on 
third and fourth segments, fourth segment 
slightly compressed. Hemelytra_ velvety 
brown, darker at base of clavus; two trans- 


(19144, 


Fig. 136.— Sericophanes keidemannt. 


verse, irregular, silvery bars over brown; 
a cream-colored round spot on clavus just 
beyond scutellum; membrane light smoky, 
pale areas bordering apical third of cuneus. 

FEMALE.—Brachypterous. Length 3.10, 
width of abdomen 0.97. Antlike in form. 
General color yellowish brown. Prothorax 
subglobose ; hemelytra much reduced, reach- 
ing only base of third abdominal tergite; 
cream-colored spot present just beyond scu- 
tellum; abdomen subglobose, pleural mar- 
gins prominent, fourth to seventh segments 
dark brownish to piceous; sternites paler on 
areas bordering ovipositor. 

Hapits.—This species, fig. 136, has been 
found to occur on grassy ridges. Males are 


September, 1941 


frequently collected at light. In New York, 
Dr. C. P. Alexander in letter reports this 
species as flying up in large numbers from 
the grass after sundown. In Iowa I found 
this species abundant in closely cropped 
pasture land where the little brown ants 
Lasius alienus var. americanus Emery were 
abundant. 

Known DistrinuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, 
North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- 
vania, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, 
Wyoming. 

Illinois Records.—Seventeen males, tak- 
en May 10 to Aug. 22, are from Algonquin, 
Chicago, Oak Lawn, Palos Park, Urbana, 
Willow Springs. 


Cyrtopeltccoris Reuter 


Cyrtopeltocoris illini new species 


This species is to be distinguished from 
allied species by the pointed, conical develop- 
ment of the scutellum, fig. 137. 

Mace.—Fig. 137. Length 3.60, width 
0.91. Head width 0.75, vertex 0.52; eyes 
scarcely raised above contour of frons, a 
sharp carina at base of vertex. Rostrum, 
length 1.40, reaching to middle of hind coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, pale to 
white; second, 1.25, nearly cylindrical, fus- 
cous brown, with fine, pale pubescence; 
third, 0.86, equal in thickness to second seg- 
ment, dark brown; fourth, 0.60, thickness 
equal to that of preceding segments, dark 


rene 
==> LET reg tH 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripae, OF ILLINOIS 


117 


brown. Pronotum, length 0.73, width at base 
0.95, disk strongly convex on basal half, 
collar distinctly narrowed, not equal to 
width of vertex. Scutellum remarkably de- 
veloped into a vertical cone with an acumi- 
nate point, mesoscutum broadly exposed and 
sloping downward to base of scutellum. 
General color medium brown to dark brown, 
smooth or only very minutely punctate, mod- 


Fig. 137.—- Cyrtopeltocoris illini, dorsal and lateral aspects. 


118 


erately shining; with sparse and very fine, 
pale pubescence. Hemelytra slightly con- 
stricted near middle, dark brown, strongly 
shining; clavus paler brown on basal half, 
crossed on apical half by a clear white band 
that becomes wider on corium and reaches 
costal margin; a white spot present on cori- 


Fig. 138.—Cyrtopeltocoris illini, male claspers. 


um bordering base of cuneus; membrane 
uniformly fuscous, slightly paler at tip of 
cuneus. Legs mostly medium brown to dark 
brown; coxae white, middle pair reddish 
brown at base; apex of hind femora and base 
of tibiae pale; tibiae paler on apical one- 
third. Genital segment distinctive, fig. 138. 

Holotype, male — Dolson, IIl., Rocky 
Branch: June 25, 1932, Frison & Mohr. 

Paratypes.—ILLiNo1s.—GErFF: June 12, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. Morton: July 
22, W928) ACR. Park, ad. “Lgeana= july 
10, 1940, in building, C. O. Mohr, 1 2. 

Missourt.—St. Louis: June 25, 1939, 
R. C. Froeschner, 1 ¢. 


PILOPHORINI 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Vertex not compressed posteriorly, fig. 
139; length of first antennal segment 
nearly equaling width of head; an- 
terior half of pronotum constricted, 
its sides at that point nearly parallel 
No PNMERS Pe tote Beas Pseudoxenetus, p. 118 

Vertex compressed posteriorly, slightly 
overlapping anterior edge of pro- 
notum, fig. 140; length of first an- 
tennal segment not exceeding width 
OPVERtEK «3.55, cih sr. '- eans eae ere 2 

2. Second antennal segment scarcely 
thickened toward apex; width of 
head across eyes equal to or greater 
than posterior width of pronotum, 
fig. 140; hemelytra with emboliar 
margins parallel....Alepidia, p. 119 

Second antennal segment thickened 


Ittino1s NaturAL History SurveEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 222:ArEad 


toward apex; width of head less than 
width of posterior margin of pro- 
notum, fig. 141... 2.7 ee 3 
3. Lateral margins of hemelytra slightly 
constricted and recurved ventrad, 
bearing white pubescent bands, fig. 
Tee Ae ee Pilophorus, p. 119 
Lateral margins of hemelytra slightly 
arcuate, bearing silvery pubescence, 
but this pubescence not forming dis- 
finee bAndSss-. o>: Alepidiella, p. 119 


Pseudoxenetus Reuter 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Entire pronotum and prosternum dark 


brown or black...... scutellatus, p. 118 
Disk of pronotum and _ prosternum 
orange or reddish........ regalis, p. 119 


Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler) 


Xenetus scutellatus Uhler (1890, p. 81). 
Apu _ts.—Fig. 139. Length 6.50, width 
1.20. Black; scutellum yellow, except for 


[= 4 


Fig. 139.— Pseudoxenetus scutellatus. 


September, 1941 


narrow area at base; cuneus with white 
translucent band at base; posterior coxae 
pale, legs mostly dark brownish, anterior 
and middle tibiae yellowish. 

Foop PLants.—Oaks (Quercus muhlen- 
bergii, Q. rubra and Q. alba) ; occasionally 
ash (Fraxinus sp.). A single specimen was 
taken on apple in Illinois. 

Known DistripuTION.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minne- 
sota, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 
Ontario, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty-nine males and 
38 females, taken May 9 to July 8, are from 
Antioch, Bluff Springs, Champaign, Don- 
gola, Dubois, Elizabeth, Fox Lake, Gales- 
burg, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour, Havana, 
Keithsburg, Meredosia, Muncie, Oregon, 
St. Anne, Summerfield, Urbana, Willow 


Springs. 


Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler) 


Xenetus regalis Uhler (1890, p. 80). 

Apu tts.—Length 6.50, width 2.00. Gen- 
eral color black; very similar to scutellatus 
(Uhler), but with basal half of pronotum, 
sternum and pleura largely red. 

Foop PLrants.—Usually live oak (Quer- 
cus virginiana) ; collected also on other oaks 
(Q. alba, Q. rubra and Q. marilandica) in 
Illinois. 

Known DistriputTion.—Florida, Geor- 
gia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, North 
Carolina, Oklahoma. 

Illinois Records.—Ten males and 11 
females, taken May 15 to June 15, are from 
Dubois, Galesburg, Havana, Keithsburg, 
Meredosia, St. Anne. 


Alepidia Reuter 
Alepidia gracilis (Uhler) 


Pilophorus gracilis Uhler (1895, p. 42). 

Apu tts.—Fig. 140. Length 4.20, width 
1.30. General color black, slightly shining; 
hemelytra ferruginous black, membrane pale 
fuscous; a darker spot on either side cover- 
ing apex of brachium; pale area present 
bordering cuneus; antennae and legs pale 
yellowish; femora sometimes darkened; ab- 
domen with a patch of silvery scales on 
either side near base. 

Host PrLants.—Red pine (Pinus resi- 
nosa), Scotch pine (P. sylvestris) and Aus- 
trian pine (P. nigra var. austriaca). 


KwnicHut: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAz, oF ILLINOIS 


rig 


A single female of this spceies from 
Galena shows a greater development of 
spots of silver pubescence on the hemelytra 
and is referable to the variety squamosa 
Knight (1926d, p. 26). 

Known DistripuTion.—Alabama, Colo- 
rado, District of Columbia, Florida, Geor- 


Fig. 140.— A/epidia gracilis. 


gia, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Maryland, Mas- 
sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, West 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records. — GALENA: June 30, 
1932, on Austrian pine, Dozier & Mohr, 
19. Garesspurc: July 23, 1893, Scotch 
pine, 69. Urpana: July 20, 1889, sweep- 
ings, Hart & Terrill, 54, 19; July 21, 
1889, sweepings in forest, C. A. Hart, 22, 
ine 


Alepidiella Poppius 


No Illinois species; Alepidiella heidemanni 
Poppius is known from District of Colum- 
bia, Maryland, Oklahoma; occurs on scrub 
pine (Pinus virginiana). 


Pilophorus Westwood 
KEY FO SPECIES 


1. Hemelytra polished over entire width 
behind posterior silvery line...... 2 


120 


Hemelytra behind posterior silvery 
line polished on area exterior to 


fadial- vein only 700 es son ee 8 
2. Hemelytra with erect, short, black 
Bistlemse a iia Aer erae 3 


Hemelytra clothed only with fine, re- 
cumbent pubescence, this pubes- 
cence sometimes black, but not 
erect and bristlelike 5. sae. on 4 

3. Third antennal segment black, nearly 
aS thick as wirsh seement 6.0)... 
Ue Me hey eae fo can vanduzeei, p. 120 

Third antennal segment pale, with 


apical half infuscated, slender, 
scarcely thicker than fourth seg- 
MENG getaee ae ees uhleri, p. 122 


4. Pronotum with silvery, silky and to- 
mentose pubescence; length 5.00. . . 
FA Ne ee pe Pree, strobicola, p. 122 
Pronotum without silvery, silky and 
tomentose pubescence: 37 4... 5 


5. Length 4.50; posterior silvery line not 
interrupted on corium, but slightly 
dislocated at claval suture; second 
antennal segment gradually thick- 
ened toward apex..amoenus, p. 122 

Length not exceeding 3.90; posterior 
silvery line interrupted on corium 
but not dislocated at claval suture. 6 


6. Second antennal segment strongly 
clavate on apical one-third........ 
Perea Ses VC OIe cats a laetus, p. 121 

Second antennal segment gradually 
thickened from middle to apex.... 7 


7. Third antennal segment dark brown; 
fourth segment pale. . taxodii, p. 121 
Third antennal segment pale with 
apex darkened; fourth segment 
FUSCOMSE a stew Rt. juniperi, p. 123 
8. Transverse silvery line of clavus and 
corium continuous and_ straight, 
that of clavus bent slightly forward 
but mever disconnected. + ..°.... 
ee lee aes te perplexus, p. 121 
Transverse silvery line of clavus and 
corium dislocated at claval suture 
or on corium at radial vein........ 2 
9. Posterior silvery band widely dislo- 
cated at radial vein, inner portion 
set forward and forming a straight, 
transverse line with that on clavus; 
leneth 3e20 eek ee geminus, p. 122 
Posterior silvery band not widely dis- 
located on corium at radial vein, 
often sloping forward to join band 
on clavus, but not forming a 


Ittinois NaturaL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 22, Art. 1 


straight, transverse line with claval 


band......0.) 2. #005 10 
10. Hemelytra clothed with fine, soft, re- 
cumbent pubescence only........ 11 


Hemelytra bearing sparsely set, erect, 
short, stiff hairs intermixed with 
soft, recumbent pubescence...... 12 

11. Length of second antennal segment 
less than distance between tip of 
tylus and posterior margin of pro- 
notum; length 3.50. .walshii, p. 123 

Length of second antennal segment 
equal to or slightly greater than dis- 
tance between tip of tylus and pos- 
terior margin of pronotum; length 
4.000 an Shae brunneus, p. 123 

12. Length of second antennal segment 
distinctly greater than distance be- 
tween tip of tylus and posterior mar- 
gin of pronotum; clavus with a dis- 
tinctly darker area bordering scutel- 
lum and commissure; length 4.50— 
SOO Fie aaa eae clavatus, p. 124 

Length of second antennal segment 
equal to or only slightly greater 
than distance between tip of tylus 
and posterior margin of pronotum; 
clavus same brown color as corium; 


length 3.70-3.90..... setiger, p. 124 


Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight 


Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight (1923d, p. 540). 

Matce.—Length 5.00, width 1.66. Head 
width 1.25, vertex 0.66, from tip of tylus 
to basal margin of head 1.11; sharp basal 
margin of vertex beset with six black 
bristles, front sparsely clothed with silvery, 
deciduous and scalelike hairs, which are 
interspersed with erect bristles. Rostrum, 
length 2.27, scarcely attaining hind margin 
of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.44, thickness 0.11; second, length 
2.22, gradually thickened from base toward 
apex (0.15 thick), dark brownish black, 
clothed with short black pubescence; third, 
length 0.80, thickness 0.08, uniformly black; 
fourth, length 0.72, pale, infuscated apically. 
Pronotum, length 0.94, width at base 1.53, 
anterior angles 0.83; anterior half of disk 
sparsely clothed with silvery, deciduous pu- 
bescence quite similar to that on front of 
head. Scutellum with apical half and slen- 
der lateral margins flat, abruptly convex 
on basal half but flattened basally, flattened 
apical half more or less covered with silvery, 
scalelike pubescence. Hemelytra, dark fus- 


September, 1941 


co-brownish, opaque anterior to posterior 
silvery line, basal half with a silvery sheen 
apparent in certain lights; beset with erect, 
short, black bristles; posterior silvery line 
nearly straight, slender, behind this distinct- 
ly polished, apex of clavus included. Mem- 
brane uniformly darkened with fuscous, an 
opaque black cloud bordering apex of larger 
areole. Legs uniformly brownish black, a 
pale spot on anterior aspect of front coxae 
near base; hind tibiae strongly flattened and 
distinctly curved. Venter with a patch ot 
silvery, scalelike pubescence laterally on 
third segment. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 1.80; very 
similar to the male, but third antennal seg- 
ment perceptibly thicker (0.10 thick), nearly 
equal to thickness of first segment. 

Hasits.—Occurs on pines (Pinus syl- 
vestris and P. resinosa). 

Known Disrrigution. — Alabama, I[Ili- 
nois, lowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Min- 
nesota, New Jersey, New York, Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Illinois Records——AntTiocH: July 5-7, 
i232. 0. H.> Frison, ef al., 19. GRanp 
Detour: July 2, 1932, Castle Rock, Dozier 
& Mohr, 1 ¢. Srarvep Rock State Park: 
July 14, 1932, on Scotch pine, Dozier & 
Park, 5 ¢. URBANA: June 20, 1932, T. H. 
Frison, 19. 


Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee 


Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee (1918, p. 294). 

Not taken in Illinois; breeds on scrub 
pine (Pinus virginiana). Known from Ala- 
bama, District of Columbia, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, New York, Tennessee, Vir- 
ginia. 


Pilophorus perplexus Douglas & Scott 


Pilophorus perplexus Douglas & Scott (1875, 
p. 101). 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Con- 
necticut, New York, Nova Scotia, Ontario. 


Pilophorus taxodii new species 


This species is allied to juniperi Knight, 
but is distinguished by the dark third anten- 
nal segment and pale fourth segment. 

Mare.—Fig. 141. Length 3.70, width 
1.30. Head width 1.03, vertex 0.52. Ros- 
trum, length 1.56, dark brown, reaching to 
posterior margin of middle coxae. Antennae, 


KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 


121 


first segment, length 0.30, yellowish brown; 
second, 1.25, yellowish brown, darker on 
apex, clothed with fine, short, black pubes- 
cence; third, 0.47, uniformly brown; fourth, 
0.52, pale. Pronotum, length 0.74, width at 
base 1.12, very dark brown, paler on anterior 
half, finely rugulose. Mesoscutum and 
scutellum very dark brown, disk of scutel- 
lum strongly convex; bordered with silvery, 
scalelike pubescence. Hemelytra_ fulvous 
to brown, but black behind posterior sil- 


Fig. 141.—Pilophorus taxodit. 


very line; clothed with fine, short, recum- 
bent, black pubescence; posterior silvery line 
transverse, nearly straight, not interrupted; 
basal silvery line restricted to corium and 
embolium; surface behind posterior silvery 
line polished, black; pubescence fine, black, 
cuneus very similar; membrane pale fuscous, 
an opaque, dull, very dark brown spot cov- 
ering larger areole and an equal area ex- 
tending toward middle of membrane. Legs 
yellowish brown; hind tibiae dark brown, 
strongly compressed, edges carinate, spines 
rather short; tarsi fuscous. Venter very 
dark brown, polished, fulvous brown at base 
and with a patch of silvery scales on either 
side at margin of dark color. 


122 


FEMALE.—Length 3.90, width 1.30. Slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in color and pubescence. 

Host Piant.—Cypress (Taxodium dis- 
tichum). 

Holotype, male.—Karnak, IIl.: June 23, 
1932, on cypress, Ross, Dozier & Park. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes.—ILLINo1s.—Same data as for 
holotype, 7 ¢,29. HorsesHoE LAKE: July 
11, 1935, on cypress, DeLong & Ross, 3 ¢, 
40°. 


Pilophorus geminus Knight 


Pilophorus geminus Knight (1926d, p. 22). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
Minnesota and Wisconsin. 


Pilophorus strobicola Knight 


Pilophorus strobicola Knight (1926d, p. 19). 

Mave.—Length 5.10. Head width 1.06, 
vertex 0.50. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.39; second, 1.94, gradually thickened 
apically (0.13 thick), dark fusco-brownish, 
apical half black; third, 0.66, pale fuscous 
at apex; fourth, 0.61, pale fuscous. Front 
of head and pronotum clothed with fine, 
silvery pubescence, that on hemelytra more 
nearly golden; scutellum clothed with sil- 
very, scalelike pubescence, this pubescence 
denser at basal angles and apex; hemelytra 
polished behind posterior silvery line, but 
rather thickly clothed with recumbent golden 
pubescence; posterior tibiae distinctly com- 
pressed; venter with an oblique patch of 
silvery, scalelike pubescence on either side 
of third to sixth sternites. 

FEMALE. — Length 5.00, width 1.61. 
Length of second antennal segment, 2.19, 
greatest thickness 0.17, more distinctly thick- 
ened on apical one-third than in male. 

Host PLants.—White pine (Pinus stro- 
bus) and Scotch pine (P. sylvestris), but 
may be in part predacious. 

Known DistripuTion. — Illinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, 
North Carolina, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Beacu: Aug. 7, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, 18, 19. GaLespurc: 
July 23, 1893, on Scotch pine, 14, 39. 
Quincy: Aug. 13, 1889, in street, eve 
Ursana: July 20, 1889, sweepings, Hart 
& Terrill, 19 ; June 20, 1892, swept from 
bluegrass, F. McElfresh, 12. WHITE 


Itutinois Narurat History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Pines Forest STaTE Park: July 4, 1932, 
on Pinus strobus, Dozier & Mohr, 29 2, 
159; July 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 52, 
89°. 


Pilophorus amoenus Uhler 


Pilophorus amoenus Uhler (18872, p. 30). 

Mate.—Length 5.00, width 1.64. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.39, fuscous; 
second, 1.83, greatest thickness 0.12, gradu- 
ally thickened from base to apex, black, 
fusco-brownish on basal half; third, length 
0.72, slender, pale; fourth, length 0.64, pale, 
dusky on apical half. Hemelytra anterior 
to posterior silvery line cinnamon fulvous 
in color; distad of this, polished and piceous; 
posterior silvery line nearly straight, not 
interrupted on corium. Hind tibiae distinctly 
compressed. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.70; very 
similar to male in structure and coloration. 

Host PrLant.—Scrub pine (Pinus vir- 
giniana). 

Known DistrisuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Mas- 
sachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North 
Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 

Illinois Record.—ILiiNois: 19. 


Pilophorus uhleri Knight 


Pilophorus uhleri Knight (1923d, p. 541). 

Mate.—Length 5.00, width 1.90. Head 
width 1.14, vertex 0.53. Rostrum, length 
1.80, nearly attaining hind margins of mid- 
dle coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.38; second, 1.86, gradually thickened api- 
cally (0.14 thick), brownish to black; third, 
0.66, thickness 0.06, pale, apical half infus- 
cated, sometimes tinged with pink; fourth, 
0.61, pale, apex dusky. Pronotum, length 
0.83, width at base 1.44, uniformly black, 
bearing a few short, erect bristles. Scutel- 
lum covered with silvery, scalelike pubes- 
cence on sides and base. Hemelytra dark 
brown; black and polished behind posterior 
silvery line; beset with erect, short, black 
bristles, posterior silvery line transverse, 
broader than in vanduzeei Knight; mem- 
brane fusco-brownish, a darker, cloudlike 
spot covering larger areole and surrounding 
area. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.77; very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 

Hapsits.—Occurs on larch (Larix lari- 
cina) and Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris). 


September, 1941 


Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, Lowa, 
New Jersey, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Records——ANTIocH: July 5-7, 
1932, on Larix sp., T. H. Frison et al., 692. 
Voto: Aug. 24, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 2. 


Pilophorus juniperi Knight 


Pilophorus juniperi Knight (1923d, p. 543). 

This species is allied to Jaetus Van Duzee, 
but is darker in coloration; it differs in the 
shorter and more gradually thickened sec- 
ond antennal segment; also in the narrower 
head. 

Mace.—Length 3.70, width 1.30. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.49. Rostrum, length 
1.06, attaining middle of intermediate coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, brown- 
ish; second, 1.11, gradually thickened from 
middle toward apex (0.10 thick), length not 
equal to distance between tip of tylus and 
base of pronotum, brown, apical half black; 
third, length 0.44, pale, infuscated apically; 
fourth, length 0.42, infuscated. Pronotum, 
length 0.71, width at base 1.11; very dark 
brown, sides more gradually sulcate than in 
laetus. General color very dark brown, al- 
most black; hemelytra nearly as in laetus, 
but darker; membrane blackish on basal 
half, pale fuscous on apical half and on area 
bordering cuneus; legs fusco-brownish, ven- 
ter very dark brown, a patch of silvery hairs 
present on either side of third to fifth ster- 
nites. 

FEeMALE.—Length 3.50, width 1.12. Very 
similar to male in structure and coloration. 

Hasits.—Breeds on red cedar (Junip- 
erus virginiana) and may be predacious in 
habits. 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, South 
Dakota. 

Illinois Record.—Srarvep Rock STATE 
Park: July 14, 1932, on Juniperus virgini- 
gna, Dozier & Park, 27 2,579. 


Pilophorus walshii Uhler 


Pilophorus walshii Uhler (18874, p. 30). 

Mate.—Length 3.20, width 1.17; head 
width 0.82, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length 
0.95, reaching only to near posterior margin 
of mesosternum. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.22, pale, brownish above; second, 
0.97, cylindrical, slightly more slender bas- 
ally, mostly brown; blackish on apical third; 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAz, OF ILLINOIS 


123 
third, 0.35, mostly pale, apex fuscous; 
fourth, 0.32, fuscous. Pronotum, length 


0.64, width at base 1.05; from tip of tylus to 
basal margin of pronotal disk, 1.14. General 
color dark brown; hemelytra lighter brown; 
corium behind posterior silvery band and 
exterior to radial vein dark brown and pol- 
ished; membrane pale fuscous, a brown 
cloud covering larger areole and area just 
behind. Dorsum clothed with short, soft 
pubescence except for bands; posterior sil- 
very band slightly irregular, widely discon- 
nected at claval suture, that portion on 
clavus set well forward but transverse in 
position; basal band thick, just opposite tip 
of scutellum, extending from costal edge to 
claval suture; sides of venter with arcuate 
band of dense, silvery pubescence extending 
from second to sixth sternites; paracuneus 
with two spots of silvery pubescence. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.70, width 1.30. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Hasits.—Breeds on honey locust (Gle- 
ditsia triacanthos), but may be in part pre- 
dacious. A single, probably accidental, spec- 
imen was taken in Illinois on apple. 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, 
Missouri, Ohio, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Nineteen males and 
31 females, taken June 22 to Sept. 24, are 
from Darwin, Dubois, Elizabethtown, 
Galesburg, Kansas, Lawrenceville, Metrop- 
olis, Monticello, Murphysboro, Paxton, 
Pike, Quincy, Rock Island, Savanna, Starved 
Rock State Park, Urbana, White Heath, 
Willow Springs. Blatchley (19264, p. 815) 


records it also from Palos Park. 


Pilophorus brunneus Poppius 
(191424, p. 


Pilophorus brunneus Poppius 
244). 

Matce.—Length 4.00, width 1.40; from 
tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, 
1.38. Antennae, first segment, length 0.28, 
fusco-brownish; second, 1.47, dark brown- 
ish, more nearly black at apex; third, 0.61, 
fuscous, basal one-fourth pale; fourth, 0.61, 
fuscous, narrow pale area at base. Prono- 
tum, length 0.73, width at base 1.21. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.80, width 1.51; from 
tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, 
1.33; more robust than male but very simi- 
lar in pubescence and coloration. Second an- 


tennal segment, length 1.33, slightly thicker 


124 


toward apex but scarcely exceeding thick- 
ness of first segment. 

Hasits.—Occurs on willow (Salix sp.). 

Known  DistrispuTion.—lIllinois, Indi- 
ana, lowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario. 

Illinois Records.—Ten males and 16 fe- 
males, taken May 29 to Aug. 23, are from 
Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, Byron, Cham- 
paign, Dubois, Eichorn, Kankakee, Mere- 
dosia, Savanna, Urbana, Waukegan. 


Pilophorus clavatus (Linnaeus) 


Cimex clavatus Linnaeus (1767, p. 729). 

Mate.—Length 4.60, width 1.53; from 
tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, 
1.50. Rostrum, length 1.73, reaching to mid- 
dle of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.33, fusco-brownish; second, 1.75, 
gradually thickened from base toward apex, 
greatest thickness 0.11, slightly greater than 
thickness of first segment, dark brownish 
black, more nearly black on apical half; 
third, length 0.66, fuscous, pale on basal 
half; fourth, length 0.39, fuscous, paler at 
base. Pronotum, length 0.73, width at base 
1.40. General color very dark brown, 
almost black; hemelytra brown; clavus dark- 
er than corium except for area bordering 
claval suture; polished only behind posterior 
silvery line exterior to radial vein. Dor- 
sum clothed with fine, short, golden and 
yellowish pubescence intermixed with short, 
erect, stiff bristles; posterior silvery line dis- 
located at claval suture, but not disconnected 
with portion on clavus. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.60, width 1.67; from 
tip of tylus to basal margin of pronotum, 
1.55; very similar to male in form, color 
and pubescence. 

Hasirs.—Occurs on oaks (Quercus spp.). 

Known DistriguTion.—This is a Euro- 
pean species known in America from Brit- 
ish Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, 
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New 
York, North Dakota, Ontario. 

Illinois Records.—ILutNots: 2 9. Cary: 
Aug. 27, 1905, on oak, W. J. Gerhard, 1 3, 
29,FM. KANKAKEE: Aug. 1, 1933, Ross & 
Mohr, 19. 


Pilophorus setiger new species 


Mave.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 
1.51, reaching base of hind coxae. Antennae, 


I~ttino1s NATURAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


first segment, length 0.30, yellowish brown; 
second, 1.34, yellowish, apical one-fourth 
very dark brown, slender, slightly thicker 
apically; third, 0.48, pale, apical half fus- 
cous; fourth, 0.39, fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 0.73, width at base 1.23; from tip of 
tylus to basal margin of pronotum 1.38. 
Dorsum clothed with fine, simple, yellowish 
pubescence intermixed with sparsely set, sub- 
erect, bristlelike hairs; posterior silvery 
band dislocated at claval suture, but still 
making contact with that part on clavus; 
basal band thick, extending from costal edge 
to claval suture at a point very slightly be- 
hind tip of scutellum; paracuneus with two 
silvery patches. General color dark brown 
to almost black, hemelytra brown, corium 
dark brown and shining on area behind pos- 
terior silvery line and exterior to radial vein, 
cuneus also dark brown and shining; mem- 
brane pale fuscous, a large brown cloud cov- 
ering larger areole and central area of mem- 
brane; legs brown; coxae partly paler; hind 
tibiae very slightly curved. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.90, width 1.50. Very 
similar to male in general proportions, color 
and pubescence. 

Holotype, male.—Kings Bluff, Winona 
County, Minn.: June 30, 19227 Hoon. 
Knight, Ke. 

Allotype, female,—Same data as for 
holotype, Ke. 

Paratypes.—ILLINoIs.—GaLENA: June 
30, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 29; July 10, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 1g. Patos Park: 
May 31, 1914, W. J. Gerhard, 19. Wru- 
LOW SprINGS: June 9, 1912, 1 4 ; June 28, 
1903, 19; Sept. 4, 1904, Weel Ger 
hard, 1 9, FM. 

SoutH Daxora.—Trai County: Aug. 
19, 1923, A. A. Nichol, acsme 


MIRINAE 
KEY TO GENERA 


1. Pronotum distinctly swollen at middle 
as wide as or wider than hind margin, 


Pronotum widest at hind margin, not 
noticeably swollen at middle, fig. 145 3 


Length of first antennal segment less 
than width of vertex; pronotum not 
extending back to basal angles of 
hemelytra; base of scutellum poorly 
denned: casita Pithanus, p. 125 

Length of first antennal segment 


i) 


September, 1941 


greater than width of vertex, fig. 142: 
pronotum extending back to basal 
angles of hemelytra, and hemelytra 
usually depressed near base and tip 
of scutellum, arched over middle of 
abdomen......... Mimoceps, p. 125 
3. Head strongly exserted with eyes 
placed near middle, thus far removed 
from anterior of pronotum, fig. 143. 
See Ss ee Collaria, p. 126 
Head not or only slightly exserted; 
eyes in contact with pronotum or 
‘Ein sree rane V:” 2 ec ar 4 
4. Pronotum impunctate or nearly so... . 
Pronotum coarsely and deeply punc- 
(71S a ha ON De sae ae ae 8 
5. Antennal segments thickly covered 
with long, erect, black hairs, fig. 144; 
body covered with fine, long, erect 
pubescence; eyes slightly removed 
from anterior angles of pronotum.. . 
pe ee Miris, p. 127 
Antennal segments clothed with very 
short pubescence, fig. 145; body 
nearly glabrous, at most with very 
RRL PRUUESECNICE® ooo. tach eos 6 
6. Head short and greatly flattened, front 
scarcely protruding beyond bases of 
antennae, fig. 145; head with a broad 
and shallow median basin; first an- 
tennal segment slender and curved, 
thickest near base, tapering to be- 
come slender at middle, then becom- 
ing slightly enlarged at apex........ 
a, Se Teratocoris, p. 128 
Head long and pointed, front project- 
ing sharply beyond bases of anten- 
nae, compare fig. 144; first antennal 


tn 


segment not formed as above...... 7 
7. Rostrum not extending behind middle 
COXACHE 2s: Trigonotylus, p. 129 


Rostrum extending to base of abdomen 
,..»..Megaloceroea, p. 125 


8. First antennal segment with very short 
pubescence, practically glabrous; 
pronotum and _ scutellum sparsely 
covered with deep punctures....... 
See Mesomiris, p. 131 

First antennal segment thickly covered 
with long pubescence; punctures of 
pronotum and scutellum deep and 
closely placed. ...Stenodema, p. 130 


Megaloceroea Fieber 


No Illinois species; Megaloceroea recti- 
cornis (Geoffroy) is apparently an imported 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 


125 


European species which has been recognized 
in British Columbia, Idaho, Iowa, Ontario, 
Wisconsin. It has not as yet been collected 
in Illinois, but most likely it will be found 
here eventually. 


Pithanus Fieber 


No Illinois species; Pithanus maerkelii 
(Herrich-Schaeffer) is known from British 
Columbia, Maine, New York, Washington. 


Mimoceps Uhler 


Mimoceps insignis Uhler 


Mimoceps insignis Uhler (1890, p. 84). 

Mave.—Length 3.50, width 0.91. Head 
width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 
1.25, reaching to base of middle coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.60, pale, black 
on base; second, 1.70, pale; third, 1.21, fus- 
cous; fourth, 0.95, fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 0.78, width at base 0.73; calli large, 


convex, smooth, occupying middle of disk. 


insignis, brachypter- 


Fig. 142.— Mimoceps 


ous[?. 


126 


Hemelytra short, membrane absent, apices 
rounded, covering three-fourths of abdo- 
men, depressed at base, apical half more 
convex; dorsum glabrous, shining. General 
color black; white spot present on either 
side at base of hemelytra; legs pale, femora 
reddish except at base; coxae fuscous at 
bases; rostrum pale, except at base and 
apex. 

FEMALE.—BrACHYPTEROUS: Fig. 142. 
Length 4.50, width 1.30. Head width 0.95, 


vertex 0.52. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.61; second, 1.77. Pronotum, 
length 0.91, width at base 0.82. Form of 


hemelytra and coloration similar to male. 
Macropterous: Length 4.80, width 1.34. 
Head width 0.82, vertex 0.43. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.61; second, 1.78. Pro- 
notum, length 0.82, width at base 1.08. Hem- 
elytra with membrane developed, fuscous; 
hrachium distinct; cuneus large, outer mar- 
gin arcuated. Color black; basal half of 
clavus and corium pale yellowish; legs and 
rostrum as in male. The macropterous 
form is rare. 

Paler specimens of this species, in which 
the hemelytra are almost entirely creamy 
white, belong to the variety gracilis Uhler 
(1890, p. 85). 

Foop PLants.—Sedges. 

Known DistrriputTion.—Colorado, Ida- 
ho, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, 
New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, 
Ohio, Ontario, Utah, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records——Four males and 11 
females, taken June 10 to Aug. 26, are from 
Algonquin, Argo, Beach, Champaign, Fox 
Lake, Galesburg, Grayslake, Palos Park, 
Rock Island, Volo, Zion. 


Collaria Provancher 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Pronotal disk brown to fuscous, conspicu- 
ous black spot present on either side of 
basal half ef disk.......oculata, p. 127 

Pronotal disk black, black spots obscure 
ie 5 cance een ee 2s 3 stehe meilleurii, p. 126 


Collaria meilleurii Provancher 


Collaria meilleurii Provancher (1872, p. 79; 
1886, p. 102). 


Mate.—Length 6.00-7.00, width 1.70. 
Head width 1.08, vertex 0.48. Antennae, 


Ittrno1is NaTuRAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


first segment, length 0.78, yellowish brown, 
base blackish; second, 4.11, black; third, 
2.64; fourth, 1.56. Pronotum, length 0.99, 
width at base 1.17; calli strongly convex, 
nearly as high as base of pronotum; basal 


Fig. 143.— Collaria meilleurii, 9. 


half of disk with an opaque black spot on 
either side near basal angle, these spots in- 
conspicuous on the black background. Gen- 
eral color black; front of head shining; legs 
yellowish brown; femora with small, black 
spots; hemelytra translucent, yellowish; cla- 
vus and irregular area on apical half of 
corium, fuscous to black. 

FEMALE.—Fig. 143. More robust than 
male, but very similar in color and scarcity 
of pubescence. 

Host PrLants.—Bluejoint grass (Cala- 
magrostis canadensis) and other grasses in 
damp situations. 

Known DistrisutTion.—Alberta, Con- 
necticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Massa- 
chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New 
Brunswick, New Hampshire, New York, 
North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, 
West Virginia, Wisconsin, Vermont. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-four males 
and 16 females, taken June 14 to Aug. 4, 
are from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Ce- 


September, 1941 


dar Lake, Dug Hill, Homer Park, Oak- 
wood, Urbana, Volo, West Union. 


Collaria oculata (Reuter) 


Trachelomiris oculatus Reuter (1876, p. 61). 

Mave.—Length 6.00, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.93, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.95; second, 2.84; third, 1.94; 
clothed with long, pilose hairs. Pronotum, 
length 0.99, width at base 1.30; disk brown- 
ish, a large opaque, black spot each side 
near basal angle; calli only moderately con- 
vex. General color brownish with fuscous; 
hemelytra chiefly brown; legs pale to brown- 
ish yellow; hind femora with seriate fus- 
cous spots on anterior aspect. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.75, width 1.75. More 
robust than the male but very similar in 
general form and color. 

Host Prants.—Occurs on grasses in dry 
sandy meadows; this species found breeding 
on panic grass (Panicum huachucae) in 
Virginia. 

Known DistriBuTION.—Common in the 
southern United States and known from as 
far north as Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, 
Iowa, New York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Thirty-two males and 
54 females, taken May 15 to Sept. 30, are 
from Ashley, Carbondale, Chautauqua 
Bluff, Clay City, Dixon Springs, Dolson, 
Dongola, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fulton, 
Herod, Mahomet, Meredosia, Murphys- 
boro, Norris City, Odin, Palos Park, Pulas- 
ki, St. Anne, Saratoga, Shawneetown, 


Thebes, Waukegan. 


Miris Fabricius 
Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus) 


Meadow Plant Bug 


Cimex dolabratus Linnaeus (1758, p. 449). 

Apu.ts.—Fig. 144. Length 7.30-8.50, 
width 2.40. General color pale greenish 
with fuscous and black markings; pronotum 
with two black stripes that run over the 
scutellum; clothed with fine, long, erect pu- 
bescence. Brachypterous females common. 
Females have the second antennal segment 
uniformly slender, which distinguishes them 
from ferrugatus Fallen. 

Darker males of this species, in which the 
hemelytra are tawny brown, are referable 
to the variety aurantiacus Reuter (1875, 


KnicHut: PLAnt Bucs, or Miripaez, or ILLINOIS 


127 


p. 16). These and the lighter specimens 
occur together in Illinois. 

Foop PLants.—Bluegrass (Poa praten- 
sis), timothy (Phleum pratense) and fre- 
quently other grasses. A series of specimens 
was taken in this state on spiderwort (T'ra- 
descantia sp.). These bugs puncture grass 
stems, causing the tops of the plants to 
wilt. 

Known DistriputTion.—This is a com- 
mon European species which is now widely 
distributed in the eastern United States and 


Fig. 144.— Miris dolabratus, &. 


Canada. The fact that this bug is not 
evenly distributed through the states where 
it occurs lends evidence to the view that it 
may have arrived here after the advent 
of white men. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred forty- 
nine males, 122 females and 2 nymphs, 
taken May 18 to July 11, are from Algon- 
quin, Amboy, Antioch, Aurora, Custer Park, 
Danvers, Dixon, East Dubuque, Erie, Free- 
port, Galena, Glendon Park, Grand Detour, 
Grandview, Hamilton, Hardin, Harvard, 


128 


Joliet, Keithsturg, Lyndon, Mahomet, Ma- 
rengo, Mount Carroll, Muncie, Oakwood, 
Oregon, Palos Park, Peoria, Putnam, 
Quincy, Rock Island, Rockton, St. Anne, 
St. Joseph, Savanna, Seaton, Seymour, Shel- 
don, Urbana, Watseka, Waukegan, White 
Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, Wil- 
low Springs, Zion. 


Teratocoris Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Scutellum and clavus fuscous to black... . 
Bee ety Saree eels eee discolor, p. 128 

Scutellum and clavus uniformly green... . 
Ser ie Oot iene paludum, p. 128 


Teratocoris discolor Uhler 


Teratocoris discolor Uhler (1887c, p. 68). 

Mate.—Length 4.80, width 1.25. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.38. Rostrum, length 
1.17, reaching slightly beyond middle of 


Fig. 145.— Teratocoris discolor, °. 


sternum. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.04, thicker on basal half, reddish, blackish 
at base; second, 2.07, reddish; third, 1.47, 
fuscous; fourth, 0.99, blackish. Pronotum, 
length 0.77, width at base 1.04. Tibiae and 
ventral margins of femora bearing long, 
pilose hairs. General color pale greenish 


Ittinois NATURAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


with fuscous and black areas; basal angles 
of pronotum, base of hemelytra, and full 
length of embolium, pale or greenish; legs 
reddish, bases of femora and tips of coxae 
paler. 

Femace.—Fig. 145. Length 5.60, width 
1.64. More robust than male, hemelytra 
and venter much paler in color; usually only 
slightly fuscous along claval suture and in- 
ner angles of corium, sometimes tinged with 
reddish. 

Host PLtants.—Occurs on sedges (Scir- 
pus and Carex). Frequently collected at 
lights. 

Known DistrisutTion.—Colorado, Illi- 
nois, Indiana, lowa, Massachusetts, Michi- 
gan, Missouri, Ohio, Ontario, Quebec, 
South Dakota, Utah. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 42 
females, taken May 30 to Sept. 8, are from 
Champaign, Chicago, Galena, Grayslake, 
Havana, Momence, Odin, Urbana. 


Teratocoris paludum J. Sahlberg 


ees paludum J. Sahlberg (1871, p. 
291). 

Matve.—Length 5.40, width 1.21. Head 
width 0.78, vertex 0.39. Rostrum, length 
1.17, just reaching middle of sternum. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.43, thicker on 
basal half, reddish; second, 2.81, reddish; 
third, 1.47, fuscous; fourth, 1.08, black. 
Pronotum, length 0.74, width at base 1.02. 
General color light green, yellowish on head 
and mesoscutum; legs green; hind tibiae 
and tips of femora bright red; hind tibiae 
with long, pilose hairs. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.80, width 1.34. More 
robust than male, but very similar in colora- 
tion. 

Host PLrant.—Occurs on sedge (Carex 
vesicaria), which probably is the plant on 
which this species breeds. Frequently col- 
lected at lights. 

Known DistrisutTion.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota, New York, Ontario, South Da- 
kota; Finland. 

Illinois Records.—Cuicaco: May 23, 
W. J. Gerhard, 39, rm; June 13, W. J. 
Gerhard, 19, rm; May 25, 1906, at light, 
W. J. Gerhard, 3 6,19,FM; May 31, 1906, 
at light, W. J. Gerhard, 1 ¢, rm; July, 1915, 
W. J. Gerhard, 2 ¢, rm. GRAYSLAKE: Aug. 
27, 1932, Ross & Mohr, 2¢. HAvANA: 
May 29, 1936, Mohr & Burks, 1g. Ur- 
BANA: May 20, 1887, at light, 1¢. 


September, 1941 


Trigonotylus Fieber 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Posterior tarsi and apices of posterior 
gbiae black. / 2... tarsalis, p. 129 

Posterior tarsi and apices of posterior 
tide pale ot reddish: ...4..2..2%. 2 


i) 


Length of first antennal segment less 
than width of head across eyes... .. 
PP TRR ic bi Mas 2 brevipes, p. 129 

Length of first antennal segment ex- 
ceeding width of head across eyes... 3 


3. Clavus and corium roseate; second an- 
tennal segment pale to yellowish. . . 
ee sss atu t te pulcher, p. 129 

Clavus and coritum pale to dusky or 
greenish; antennae reddish........ 
2 Say See ruficornis, p. 130 


Trigonotylus pulcher Reuter 


Trigonotylus pulcher Reuter (1876, p. 59). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 0.99. Head 
width 0.62, vertex 0.31. Rostrum, length 
1.38, reaching to near apices of middle coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.64, thick- 
ness 0.15, pale, tinged with roseate; second, 
length 1.49, pale; third, length 1.31, pale; 
fourth, length 0.65, brownish. Pronotum, 
length 0.52, width at base 0.86. General 
color pale, clavus and corium tinged with 
roseate; two brown, longitudinal lines on 
middle of pronotum and scutellum; a roseate 
to fuscous line present on either side of 
head along inner margin of eye and ex- 
tending to basal margin of pronotum. 

FEeMALE.—Length 5.40, width 1.25. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color- 
ation. 

Known DistriputTion.—Recorded from 
Minnesota south to Texas and eastward. 

Illinois Record.—ANnwna: Oct. 11, 1933, 
Frison & Ross, 19. 


Trigonotylus tarsalis (Reuter) 


Callimiris tarsalis Reuter (1876, p. 60). 

Matve.—Length 5.40, width 1.12. Head 
width 0.75, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 
1.38, reaching nearly to posterior margin of 
sternum. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.80, green; second, 2.34, green, apical half 
pink; third, 2.60, pink; fourth, 0.95, pink. 
Pronotum, length 0.65, width at base 0.97. 
Pubescence very short, dorsum nearly gla- 
brous; tibial spines weak. General color 


KwnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miripaez, or ILLINOIS 


129 


medium green to bright green; apices of 
posterior tibiae, and tarsi, black; antennae 
pink to reddish on apical half; membrane 
pale, veins green. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.30, width 1.51. More 
robust than male, but very similar in form 
and coloration. 

Foop PLant.— Slough grass 
michauxiana). 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Manitoba, Massa- 
chusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, 
North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, Wis- 
consin. 

Illinois Records.—Fifty-five males and 
122 females, taken May 15 to Oct. 1, are 
from Allerton, Antioch, Argo, Beach, Bond- 
ville, Champaign, Chicago, Grayslake, Mo- 
line, Momence, Oak Lawn, Ogden, St. Anne, 
Savanna, Seymour, Urbana, Watseka, Wau- 
kegan, Zion. 


(Spartina 


Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev 


Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev (1880, p. 215). 

Mate.—Length 4.10, width 0.95. Head 
width 0.60, vertex 0.28. Rostrum, length 
1.25, reaching to near tips of middle coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.51, thick- 
ness 0.13, usually greenish yellow, some- 
times pink, clothed with short fuscous pu- 
bescence; second, length 1.51, cylindrical, 
0.07 thick, usually pale yellowish, sometimes 
pink, clothed with very short, minute pu- 
bescence; third, length 1.30, pallid to dusky; 
fourth, length 0.47, fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 0.47, width at base 0.82, basal mar- 
gin broadly concave; disk minutely rugulose, 
median line slightly elevated, pallid, dusky 
on each side; calli distinct, a foveate punc- 
ture on each inner angle. Dorsal surface 
nearly glabrous, claval vein and brachium on 
corium, distinctly elevated. General color 
pallid to greenish yellow; hemelytra sub- 
translucent; cuneus nearly clear; membrane 
sometimes dusky, veins pale to greenish. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.85, width 0.96. Slight- 
ly larger than the male but very similar in 
form and coloration. 

Foop PLants.—Bermuda grass (Cyno- 
don dactylon) and perhaps related grasses. 

Known DistriputTion.—Alabama, Ari- 
zona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, 
Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Mary- 
land, New York (coastal), North Carolina, 
South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, 
Virginia; also Cuba and Mexico. 


130 


Illinois Records.—Merropo.is: Aug. 17, 
1891, Shiga & Hart, 2 ; Aug. 20, 1916, (Qs 
Aart Caos 


Trigonotylus ruficornis (Geoffroy) 


Cimex ruficornis Geoffroy (1785, p. 209). 

Matce.—Length 5.30, width 1.17. Head 
width 0.69, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 
1.56, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae red, first segment often 
more or less pale; first segment, length 0.73; 
second, 2.31; third, 1.95; fourth, 0.56. Pro- 
notum, length 0.65, width at base 0.95. Pu- 
bescence short on antennae and legs; dorsum 
practically glabrous. General color pale 
yellowish green to green; pronotum with 
four longitudinal, fuscous stripes, median 
pair extending to apex of scutellum and 
separated by a slender, pale line; membrane 
pale to dusky, veins green. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 1.34. More 
robust than male, but very similar in form 
and coloration. 

Foop PLants.—Cultivated oats (Avena 
sativa) and closely related wild grasses. 

Known Disrrisution.—This is a Hol- 
arctic species, widely distributed in the 
United States and Canada, most abundant 
in the Boreal region. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males 
and 64 females, taken May 22 to Aug. 28, 
are from Amboy, Antioch, Chicago, Eliza- 
beth, Frankfort, Galena, Grand Detour, 
Havana, Hoopeston, Macomb, Orangeville, 
St. Anne, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, 
Urbana, Warren, White Pines Forest State 
Park, Zion. 


Stenodema Laporte 


KEY TO.SPECIES 


Hind femora with three strong spines on 
apical half of posterior margin, fig. 146. 
Sra yee rete Ph trispinosum, p. 130 

Hind femora without spines............ 

BS ee itn nen ke vicinum, p. 130 


Stenodema trispinosum Reuter 


Stenodema trispinosum Reuter (1904, pp. 4, 
8). 


Aputts.—Length 7.00-7.50, width 1.70. 
General color pale yellowish to greenish; 
hemelytra sometimes bright green; mem- 
brane pale, veins green. Dorsum clothed 


Ittinois NaturaAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


with short, pale pubescence; antennae with 
prominent pale hairs, first segment more 
thickly clothed. Pronotum thickly and rath- 
er coarsely punctate; median line raised into 


pe 


Fig. 146.— Stenodema trispinosum, hind femur. 


a callus. Posterior margin of hind femora 
with three spines, one of them much re- 
duced in size. 

Foop PLANtTs. — Occurs on grasses in 
moist meadows; adults hibernate. 

Known Distrisution. — A _ Holarctic 
species that is widely distributed in the 
northern United States and Canada. 

Illinois Records.—Fifty-one males and 
37 females, taken April 15 to Oct. 6, are 
from Algonquin, Allerton, Alto Pass, Anna, 
Antioch, Apple River Canyon State Park, 
Carbondale, Carmi, Champaign, Chicago, 
Dubois, Elizabethtown, Fern Cliff, Foun- 
tain Bluff, Golconda, Grand Tower, Herod, 
Jonesboro, Kampsville, Lawrenceville, Ma- 
homet, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Palos Park, 
Parker, Pulaski, Quincy, Robinson, Shaw- 
neetown, Snyder, Springfield, Thebes, Ur- 
bana, Vienna, Waukegan. 


Stenodema vicinum (Provancher) 


Miris vicinus Provancher (1872, p. 77). 

ApuLts.—Length 7.00—7.50, width 1.70. 
Femora devoid of spines; pronotum and 
scutellum coarsely and closely punctate, a 
callous median line evident; first antennal 
segment thickly clothed with long pubes- 
cence, second segment with short pubes- 
cence only. General color yellowish to 
greenish with fuscous markings; dorsum 
with a median pale stripe and fuscous areas 
on either side extending from tylus back 
over pronotum, scutellum and hemelytra; 
clavus and inner half of corium dark fuscous 
to blackish in male; antennae reddish, in 
dark specimens dusky red. 

Foop PLants.—Occurs on grasses in 
moist meadows; adults hibernate. 

Known DistrisuTIon.—This is a com- 
mon species in the eastern United States and 
Canada. 3 

Illinois Records.—Fifty-two males, 35 
females and 2 nymphs, taken April 26 to 
Nov. 26, are from Algonquin, Amboy, Apple 


September, 1941 


River Canyon State Park, Argo, Bowman- 
ville, Chicago, Elizabeth, Fort Sheridan, 
Galesburg, Geneseo, Ingleside, Lake Villa, 
Normal, Oquawka, Palos Park, Port Byron, 
Riverside, Roby, Rockford, Savanna, Ur- 
bana, Waukegan, White Pines Forest State 
Park. 


Mesomiris Reuter 


No Illinois species; Mesomiris curtulus 
Reuter is known from Colorado eastward 
to Pennsylvania and Connecticut. It has 
not yet been collected in Illinois, but should 
be found here eventually. 


CAPSINAE 
KEY TO TRIBES 


1. Elongate antlike species, figs. 180, 181; 
abdomen constricted at base; lateral 
margins of pronotum indistinct, more 
or less sinuate; emboliar margins of 
hemelytra recurved ventrad....... 
SOS: SEN Bee ae Myrmecorini, p. 209 

Not antlike, figs. 154, 155; abdomen 
not distinctly constricted at base; 
pronotum with lateral margins dis- 
tinct, frequently finely carinate; 
hemelytra with emboliar margins 
straight or slightly arcuate, not re- 
eenved WEntrad Aid. alt oe ees es Py 


XO) 4 
( 


W 


PERITREME y 
Tee 148 PER/ITREME LARGE 


147 ABSENT 
Fig. 147.—Thorax of 
Opistheurta clandestina. 
Fig. 148.—Thorax of 
Lygus oblineatus. 
Fig. 149.—Protho- 
rax of Platytylellus fra- 
ternus. 


2. Ostiolar peritreme small, indistinct, fig. 
147, its dorsal margin scarcely ex- 
tending dorsad as far as ventral mar- 
gin of mesepimeron; body impunc- 
tate; pronotal collar broad, strongly 
convex, mesal length of collar usually 
asjereat as width of: calli......./.. 
Bide coe Aedes tS wa tints Resthenini, p. 131 


KnicHtT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 


131 


Ostiolar peritreme prominent, fig. 148, 
its dorsal margin extending well 
above ventral margin of mesepime- 
ron; dorsum frequently punctate; 
pronotal collar not so broad and 
prominent as above. . .Capsini, p. 136 


RESTHENINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


Stricture of pronotal collar joining base of 
coxal cleft, fig. 147; head oblique as 
viewed from side; gula rather long, ob- 
Ligne Ae ete et Opistheuria, p. 131 

Stricture of pronotal collar interrupted at 
side, not joining directly with base of 
coxal cleft, fig. 149; head short, vertical; 
gula short, scarcely apparent......... 

a tN AR ee: Platytylellus, p. 132 


Opistheuria Reuter 


Opistheuria clandestina Van Duzee 


Opistheuria clandestina Van Duzee (1915, 
p. 110). 


Mave.—Length 7.00, width 2.80. Head 
width 1.30, vertex 0.61. Rostrum, length 
1.90, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae black; first segment, length 
1.08, slender, 0.13 thick, clothed with long, 
suberect, fuscous hairs; second, length 2.20, 
cylindrical; third, 1.70; fourth, 1.08. Pro- 
notum, length 1.43, width at base 2.20. Em- 
boliar margins distinctly arcuate on apical 
half. Clothed with erect, rather short, pale 
pubescence, longer and more fuscous on legs 
and antennae. Color orange red; antennae, 
front and tylus, all but central area of disk 
of scutellum, all but outer margins of hem- 
elytra, and genital segment, black; legs 
black; coxae reddish; femora more or less 
pale at base. 

FEMALE.—Length 7.10, width 3.00. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

All our Illinois specimens but one have 
the pronotal disk variously marked with 
black and are referable to the variety dor- 
salis Knight (1918d, p. 115); the exception 
is the single female from West Pullman 
which has the venter more or less fuscous 
or black and belongs to the variety ventralis 
Knight (1918d, p. 115). 

Hasits.—Occurs on willow (Salix sp.) 
and beans (Phaseolus spp.). 


132 


ILLinors NaturAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Known Distrisution.—Florida, Illinois, 
Louisiana, Minnesota, New York, North 


Dakota, 


Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Wis- 


consin. 
Illinois Records——Gotconpa: June 22, 
1932, on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 


bya 


Granp Detour: June 27, 1906, on 


willow, 1¢, 29; June 30, 1909, sweeping 
grass, 14; July 24, 1905, 24: Aug. 26, 
1889, C. A. Hart, 24. West PULLMAN: 
July 10, 1910, A. B. Wolcott, 19, FM. 


Nw 


— 


Platytylellus Reuter 
KEY O°:SPECIES 


Length of first antennal segment less 
that widithol-ventexe ss cteerd.!- ps 
Length of first antennal segment equal 
to or greater than width of vertex... 4 
Pronotal disk without median red 
vitta; length of first antennal seg- 
ment twice lateral width of an eye. 
ek Stat ea Se eng nigricollis, p. 133 
Pronotal disk with median red vitta 
that extends to join red area on 
BGcitellunmae tere eee Ren yatta ee 5 
Hemelytra uniformly black; scutellum 
Feds lemetlar 5.00500 See wena whe as, 
5 Gea anes yh RT a rubrovittatus, p. 133 
Hemelytra with lateral margins pale 
to orange colored; commissure pale; 
scutellum black with a broad, red 
median line; length 6.20-6.60..... 
bade = tec es Ne ae eh zonatus, p. 133 


. Pronotum yellow to orange yellow... 5 


Pronotum red, or red with black, or 


Chighvablackes 5262 ss, cee eee Zi 


. Scutellum black; male genital seg- 


ment with a prominent tubercle at 

base of each clasper, as in fig. 150. . 

By Pam eae lea nigroscutellatus, p. 134 
Scutellum orange yellow; male genital 

segment without tubercles........ 6 


Width of pronotal collar slightly 
greater than width of head; length 
8.70. insitivus var. insitivus, p. 133 

Width of pronotal collar less than 
width of head; length 6.80-8.00. . . 
insitivus var. angusticollis, p. 133 

Male with a prominent lateral tuber- 
cle near base of left genital clasper, 
fig. 150; both sexes with pronotal 
disk uniformly red, or red and black; 
in latter case, black always present 
along median line, but sometimes 


10. 


Ole 


ize 


14. 


Vol. 22, Arias 


black spreads to cover all but nar- 
row area along lateral margins; lat- 
tera] margins of hemelytra frequent- 
ly red or pale... ¢.¢..). eee 8 
Male without tubercle near base of 
left genital clasper; both sexes usu- 
ally with pronotal disk black; fre- 
quently pronota! disk red and with 
black, but, in that case, red color 
present along median line, thus 
leaving a black ray present on either 
side; these rays may be reduced to 
spots near basal margin; lateral mar- 
gins of hemelytra sometimes red, 
but, in that case, median line of 
pronotum red with a black vitta 
on either side. .i:4.-22..))eeeeee 11 


Hemelytra uniformly black......... 
...fraternus var. fraternus, p. 134 

Hemelytra with lateral margins pale 
or ted... 0.4.2 


Scutellum uniformly bright red...... 
.....fraternus var. regalis, p. 134 
Scutellum black?) .\.. 233233. 10 


Calli*black. 22242 eee frater- 
nus var. rubromarginatus, p. 134 

Calli red. .2.3 04 
Lee, fraternus var. discifer, p. 134 


Hemelytra with red lateral margins; 
pronotal disk red at median line, 
thus leaving a black or fuscous vitta 
at either side; vitta sometimes re- 
duced to a black spot near basal 
margin..... circumcinctus, p. 135 

Hemelytra uniformly black......... 12 

Length of first antennal segment 
equal to width of vertex plus one- 
third dorsal width of an eye; length 
fre. Solesey rubellicollis, p. 136 

Length of first antennal segment only 
slightly greater than width of ver- 
tex, less than width of vertex plus 
one-third dorsal width of an eye; 
length 7.70, or less. 7). oe 13 


. Head black, basal margin of vertex 


with a narrow red line; pronotal 
collar red, with usually a black area 
above; base of venter red beneath; 
gula never red; surface coarsely. 
granulate.........borealis, p. 136 
Head red, tylus and variable areas on 
juga and lora black; surface very 
finely granulate: . 0.0.0...) 
Venter black, with not more than a 
red tinge at base; scutellum red, 
lateral margins black; pronotal disk 


September, 1941 KNiGHT: PLANT Bucs 


with a broad central red area, this 
area not forming a clearly defined 
waten lenoth 6:/0—/.505 23.5 oat: 
30a ER Se tack ela insignis, p. 135 
Venter red; scutellum black; basal 
half of pronotal disk black; length 
SeLOAS BO ova fraterculus, p. 136 


Platytylellus rubrovittatus (Stal) 


Resthenia rubrovittata Stal (1862, p. 318). 

Mate.—Length 5.00, width 1.70; embo- 
liar margins moderately arcuate; surface 
distinctly granulate. Head width 1.08, ver- 
tex 0.51. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.44; second 1.71, cylindrical, nearly as thick 
as first; third, 1.26; fourth, 0.81. General 
color black; head except tylus and eyes, basal 
segment of rostrum, pronotum except a 
flaring ray extending from callus to basal 
margin on either side of disk, scutellum, 
mesoscutum except outer angles, sternum 
except cloud on either side, pleura, venter 
except vagina exterior, coxae, femora ex- 
cept narrow area at base and apical one- 
third, red or orange red. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 2.00; very 
similar to male in coloration; second an- 
tennal segment slightly more slender and 
less cylindrical. 


Host PLant.—Collected on willow 
(Salix sp.). 
Known DistriputTion.—Originally de- 


scribed from a single male specimen with 
the locality given as “boreal America.’’ Now 
known from Nova Scotia southward to 
Florida and westward to Texas. 

Illinois Records.—A.prince: Aug. 11, 
1891, sweepings, Mississippi bottoms, Hart 
& Shiga, 1g. GoLtconpa: June 22, 1932, 
on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 54,39. 
Granp Tower: July 12, 1909, on willow, 
1g. Karnak: July 10, 1935, DeLong & 
Ross, 1g. Ursana: Aug. 17, 1916, 1¢. 


Platytylellus nigricollis (Reuter) 


Resthenia nigricollis Reuter (1876, p. 65). 

Mave.—Length 6.00, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.14, vertex 0.66, lateral width of 
eye 0.28. Rostrum, length 2.20, reaching to 
middle of hind coxae. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.58; second, 1.76; third, 1.14; 
fourth, 0.90. Pronotum, length 1.04, width 
at base 1.82. Surface rather coarsely and 
thickly granulate, clothed with short, black 
pubescence. General color black; head ex- 


, oR Miripagk, OF ILLINOIS 


[3 


cept tylus, collar, xyphus, and sides of pro- 
notum, scutellum except basal angles, ster- 
num except cloud on either side of median 
line, pleura, venter except beneath on genital 
segment, red; legs black; coxae and basal 
one-third of hind femora pale to red. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.40, width 2.60; very 
similar to male in color, pubescence and 
surface granulation. 

Known DistriputTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Massachusetts, New 
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, 
Ontario, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—ANntTI0cH: July 5-7, 
1932, T. H. Frison et al., 1,19. GRAND 
Detour: July 2, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1 ¢. 


Platytylellus zonatus Knight 


Platytylellus zonatus Knight (1926/, p. 254). 

Mace.—Length 6.20, width 2.40. Head 
width 1.26, vertex 0.68. Rostrum, length 
2.20, just attaining bases of hind coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.58; second, 
2.00; third, 1.46; fourth, 0.77. Pronotum, 
length 1.31, width at base 2.10. General 
color black; vertex except for lunate marks, 
lower half of face except tylus and apex of 
lora, collar, lateral margins and median line 
of pronotum, and median one-third of scutel- 
lum, orange red; embolium and narrow out- 
er margin of corium, outer half of cuneus, 
and commissure of hemelytra, orange col- 
ored. Variable areas on pleura and sides of 
venter orange obscured with blackish. Fe- 
mora yellowish to orange, with anterior and 
posterior faces obscured with fuscous. Body 
surface covered with fine granules, and 
thickly clothed with fine, short, yellowish to 
fuscous pubescence. Genital segment with- 
out tubercles. 

FEemMALE.—Length 6.60, width 2.60. Slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in coloration and pubescence. 

Known DistripuTion.—lIllinois, Mani- 
toba, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, 
Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—ANTI0ocH: July 5-7, 
19325 ee Enisomct along: 


Platytylellus insitivus (Say) 


Capsus insitivus Say (1832, p. 21; 1859, p. 
340). s 
Mare.—Length 8.70, width 3.60. Gen- 


eral color black, pronotum and scutellum 
orange yellow; surface very finely granulate, 


134 


opaque, with short pubescence; width of 
collar greater than width of head. Head 
width 1.36, vertex 0.81. Width of collar 
1.40. Rostrum, length 2.40, attaining tips 
of middle coxae. Antennae, first segment 
length 1.07; second, 3.00, nearly cylindrical, 
length of hairs not equal to thickness of 
segment; third, 1.98; fourth, 0.94. Prono- 
tum, length 1.73, width at base 2.77 

FEMALE.—Length 8.70, width 3.50; very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 

The single male from Palos Park, listed 
below, which is smaller in size and has the 
width of the head greater than the width of 
the collar, belongs to the variety angusti- 
collis Knight (1923d, p. 556). It may prove 
to be biologically distinct from the typical 
form. 

Known DistrisuTIon.—Connecticut, 
Florida, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, New Jer- 
sey, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records——GALENA: June 27, 
1928, “TE: He Frison; 3° June’ 30; 1932, 
Dozier & Mohr, 2¢. GaLespurc: June 
21, 1892, Stromberg, 29; June 27, 1893, 
Stromberg, 29. Harpin: June 5-9, 1932, 
H. L. Dozier, 2¢,29. Paros Park: June 
19, 1933, Ross & Mohr, 1 ¢. Rock IsLanp: 
1880, 1 9. WiLtow Sprincs: July 12, 1903, 
W. J. Gerhard, 1 g, FM. 


Platytylellus nigroscutellatus Knight 


Platytylellus nigroscutellatus Knight (1923d, 
Da Dou!): 


Mave.—Length 9.20, width 3.70. Head 
width 1.71, vertex 0.94; black with gula, 
genae, bucculae, and margins of lora and 
juga, orange yellow. Rostrum black, length 
3.10, extending slightly beyond hind margins 
of middle coxae. Antennae black; first seg- 
ment, length 1.19, clothed with erect, al- 
most pilose hairs, length of hairs not ex- 
ceeding thickness of segment; second, 3.43, 
cylindrical, strongly pubescent, a few erect 
hairs near base as long as thickness of seg- 
ment; third, 1.66; fourth, 0.94. Pronotum, 
length 1.89, width at base 2.94, collar 1.36; 
uniformly orange yellow, finely granulate, 
clothed with short, erect, pale pubescence. 
Scutellum black; sternum blackish; pleura 
orange yellow, becoming fuscous on central 
area of metepisternum. Hemelytra, em- 
boliar margins very slightly arcuate for 
most of their length; black, faintly shining, 
clothed with very fine, short pubescence. 
Legs black; tibiae clothed with erect, prom- 


Ittinois NatrurAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Agia 


inent hairs, length of many hairs exceeding 
thickness of segment; spines not evident. 
Venter black, with a velvety luster; clothed 
with erect, fine, dusky pubescence. 

FeMALE.—Length 9.70, width 3.50. Very 
similar to male in form and color. 

Known DistripuTion.—lIllinois, Michi- 
gan, New York, North Carolina, Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Illinois Record—HeEywortH: Aug. 14, 
1909, A. B. Wolcott, 1 9, FM. 


Platytylellus fraternus Knight 
Platytylellus fraternus Knight (1923d, p. 
557). 


The color pattern of this form is sugges- 
tive of that of confraternus (Uhler), but 
this is larger, and the length of the first an- 
tennal segment is equal to the width of the 
vertex plus one-half the dorsal width of an 
eye. 

Mate.—Length 9.40, width 3.50. Head 
width 1.56, vertex 0.86; red, with tylus, 
front and vertex chiefly black. Rostrum, 
length 2.85, reaching to middle of hind 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 1.06; 
second, 3.23, thickest near base and tap- 
ering to become more slender at apex, 
clothed with short, stiff, black hairs and 
fine pubescence, length of longest hairs not 
exceeding thickness of segment; third, 1.71; 
fourth, 1.28. Pronotum, length 1.74, width 
at base 2.92, collar 1.31; surface very 
slightly shining, thickly clothed with short, 
pale pubescence; red, with dorsal area of 
collar, calli except at outer angles, and a 
broad band extending to basal margin of 
disk, black. Scutellum black; sternum 
blackish, median line red; pleura red or 
becoming dusky. Hemelytra with emboliar 
margins only slightly arcuate; black, opaque, 
surface somewhat scabriculous, clothed with 


= UNWARY 5 us 
CWS” 
LIEN, ii 


Z 
ZZ 


Fig. 150.—Male genitalia of Platytylellus 
fraternus. 


se 


September, 1941 


short, dusky pubescence, hairs somewhat de- 
cumbent on apical half. Legs black, thickly 
clothed with prominent, erect hairs. Venter 
red; genital segment becoming black; a 
large, prominent, erect tubercle present just 


Fig. 151.— Platytylellus fraternus, °. 


above base of left genital clasper, and an- 
other, smaller tubercle directed distad from 
near base of right clasper, fig. 150. 

Femace.—Fig. 151. Length 9.10, width 
3.50. Pronotum, length 1.52, width at base 
2.64. Similar to male in form and color. 

This species varies greatly in color, and 
many color combinations have been given 
varietal names. The typical form and va- 
riety rubromarginatus Knight (1923d, p. 
558) have been recognized in Illinois ma- 
terial; varieties regalis Knight (1923d, p. 
559) and discifer Knight (1923d, p. 559) 
have not. 

Host PLant.—Apparently breeds on su- 
mach (Rhus aromatica). 

Known DistriBuTION.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, 
Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, 
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, 
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, 
Virginia, West Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—BisHop: June 23, 
1906, 13,19. Briurr Sprincs: June 10, 
1932, Ross & Mohr, 4¢, 109. Forest 


KniGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripar, oF ILLINOIS 


135 


City: June 6, 1905, 1 ¢. Harpin: June 5-9, 
1932, H. L. Dozier, 29. Havana: June 
3, 1918, 19; June 8, 1905, Devil’s Hole, 
28; June 23, 1926, Devil’s Hole, Frison 
& Hayes, 226, 129. KeEITHsBURG: June 
15, 1932, on Rhus aromatica, H. L. Dozier, 
228, 79. MaKkanpna: June 26, 1909, 
sweepings, | ¢@. Norma: 12. 


Platytylellus circumcinctus (Say) 


Capsus circumcinctus 


1859, p. 343). 

Mave.—Length 7.10, width 2.70. Head 
width 1.28, vertex 0.71. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.77; second, 2.34; third, 
1.54; fourth, 0.95. Head red, with front 
and tylus blackish and juga and lora more 
or less black; pronotum red; calli blackish, 
a flaring black ray located behind each callus 
and extending to basal margin of disk; scu- 
tellum and mososcutum red, basal angles 
black; pleura red; sternum reddish, but be- 
coming blackish on either side of median 
line; hemelytra black; embolium, outer mar- 
gin of corium and cuneus red; legs black, 
tinged with reddish near bases of femora; 
venter chiefly red with genital segment and 
variable areas at sides black. 

FEMALE.—Length 7.40, width 2.70. More 
robust than male, but very similar in col- 
oration. 

Known DistriputTion.—Originally de- 
scribed from Indiana, and now known from 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Maine, Mas- 
sachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, 
New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records.— Dotson: June 25, 
1932, Rocky Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 ¢. 
Oakwoop: June 16, 1925, T. H. Frison, 
jee 


Say (1832, p. 23; 


Platytylellus insignis (Say) 


Capsus insignis Say (1832, p. 22; 1859, p. 
342). 

Mate.—Length 6.70, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.19, vertex 0.67. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.74; second, 2.20; third, 1.54; 
fourth, 0.97. General color black, opaque; 
finely granulate; head red, tylus and vari- 
able areas on juga and lora blackish; pro- 
notum red, basal half of disk largely black- 
ish, but broad central area of disk red, this 
red area not forming a clearly defined vitta; 
scutellum red, lateral margins blackish; ven- 


136 


ter black with not more than a red tinge 
at base. 

FeMALE.—Length 7.60, width 2.80. Larg- 
er and more robust than male, but very 
similar in coloration. 

Known DistrinuTionN.—Common over 
the eastern United States. 

Illinois Record—West PuLLMAN: July 
13, 1902, W. J. Gerhard, 19, FM. 


Platytylellus fraterculus Knight 


Platytylellus 
(1923d, p. 554). 


Mate.—Length 5.10, width 1.90. Head 
width 1.00, vertex 0.51; red, tylus blackish. 
Rostrum, length 1.69, black, basal segment 
red. Antennae, first segment, length 0.51; 
second, 1.90; third, 1.43; fourth, 0.80. Pro- 
notum, length 0.90, width at base 1.60; 
bright red; disk black from just behind calli 
to basal margin and with a very slight in- 
dication of median vitta. Scutellum black; 
sternum and pleura red. Hemelytra black, 
very slightly shining; thickly clothed with 
fine dusky pubescence, hairs recumbent on 
apical half. Legs black with red coxae. 
Venter uniformly red and genital claspers 
black. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.60, width 2.00. Slight- 
ly larger and more robust than male, but 
similar in coloration. 

Known Distrisution. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ontario, Penn- 
sylvania, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Record.—NorrHern ILLrNors: 
Bolter, 19. 


insignis fraterculus Knight 


Platytylellus borealis Knight 


Platytylellus borealis Knight (1923d, p. 553). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from’ Al- 
berta, Maine, Manitoba, Michigan, Min- 
nesota, New York, North Dakota, Ontario, 
Vermont. 


Platytylellus rubellicollis Knight 
enue rubellicollis Knight (1923d, p. 


Not taken in Illinois; known from Brit- 
ish Columbia, Maine, Michigan, Minne- 
sota, Nebraska. Nymphs and adults of this 
species have been collected on the figwort 
(Scrophularia leporella), but it has not been 
proved that this plant is normally their host. 


Ittinois NaruraAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Arta 


CAPSINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


1. Pronotum punctate, sometimes only 
very finely punctate but usually dis- 
tinctly so; strongly shining, calli 
usually prominent, figs. 152, 153.. 2 

Pronotum impunctate, or with fine 
aciculate punctures only......... 11 


\ hy 
hss 
Nt 


Fig. 152.— 4, head and pronotum of Neo/y- 
gus invitus; B, head and pronotum of Lygus 
oblineatus. 

Fig. 153.—Head and pronotum of Neodorus 
glaber. 


2. Second antennal segment clavate, fig. 
154; juga tumidly convex; vertex 
broad, transversely striolate on 
either side near eyes; short oval, 
convex, chiefly black species...... 
ie pt Pr ae ie Capsus, p. 138 

Second antennal segment linear or 


practically so, fig..155 322) eee 3 


3. Pronotum punctate between calli and 
posterior to collar..... “2323eeae 4 

Pronotum impunctate between calli 
and posterior to collar: .;/ 3295. 6 


4. Lateral margins of pronotum not cari- 
nate; form more elongate and sub- 
parallel........Xenoborus, p. 143 

Lateral margins of pronotum carinate 
or at least with a calloused line; 
form ovoid..... 


5. First antennal segment distinctly 
thicker than. second segment and 
both segments black; body color 
red and ‘black... A? ))23)).55 eee 
phe wit rhtin kab ah Tropidosteptes, p. 

First antennal segment _ slender, 
scarcely equaling thickness of sec- 
ond segment at apex; if body col- 
ored reddish, first and second an- 
tennal segments pale or yellowish. . 
nif poe a eee Neoborus p. 139 


September, 1941 


6. 


. First antennal 


KNIGHT: 


First and second antennal segments 
thickly clothed with heavy black 
pubescence, fig. 155; large red 
Species length: 8005s.) 2.4 o's 
BR I ot Coccobaphes, p. 138 

First antennal segment more sparsely 
clothed with pale pubescence, fig. 
156; size less than’7.50..2.../..°.:. 7 


Pronotum with lateral margins sharp- 
ly angulate, carinate near posterior 
angle; body red and black, fig. 159. 
Lee ee Neocapsus, p. 147 

Pronotum with lateral margins round- 
ed or angulate, but not carinate... 8 


Rostrum extending to fourth or fifth 
abdominal sternite; dorsum glab- 
fous) o. 2... a2 Platylygus;. p. 147 

Rostrum rarely extending beyond tips 
of hind coxae; if so, then dorsum 
Uistimetiy pubescent? 0. 6.5.5. 9 


Pronotum very finely punctate, fig. 
152.4; body integument more thinly 
chitinized, more fragile.......... 
1s ig a ee he i Neolygus, p. 154 

Pronotum coarsely, or at least dis- 
tinctly punctate, fig. 152B; body 
integument heavily chitinized..... 10 


. Second antennal segment distinctly 


more slender at base, fig. 162; lat- 
eral margins of pronotum angulate. 
Spe Ce Ce Re Lygus, p. 148 
Second antennal segment cylindrical, 
scarcely more slender at base, fig. 
158; lateral margins of pronotum 


TOUMGEE . 9 Mi 3 3c) Lygidea, p. 145 


segment thickened, 

numerous flattened 
hairs, fig. 172. .Neurocolpus, p. 181 

First antennal segment devoid of 
fattened airs. fie: 1700.05. esc. 12 


clothed with 


. Pronotum with two subexcavated, 


dull, black spots situated behind 
the callosities, fig. 170; first anten- 
nal segment clothed with long black 
JED (ate So €or 
et eee Paracalocoris, p. 176 
Pronotum without black spots, or 
with only superficial ones, and with 
first antennal segment without 
prominent, long, black setae; length 
of hairs on first antennal segment 
rarely exceeding thickness of seg- 


. Second antennal segment thickened; 


somewhat spindle shaped, fig. 171 
SADA oo eye ee Garganus, p. 181 


PLANT Bucs, or MiripAz, oF ILLINOIS 


14. 


1S. 


16. 


18. 


LO: 


20. 


No Illinois species; 


137 


Second antennal segment linear, or 
only very slightly thickened at tip, 
fie; GS scene oe ae eae reese 14 

Hind femora long, extending much be- 
yond tip of abdomen, and flattened, 
broadest before middle and more 
slender at iapex, Rants hae care: 

: .Phytocoris, p. 184 

Hind femora shorter, not or scarcely 
extending beyond tip of abdomen, 

11 ea oe! eae OLS AEE bE She 15 

First segment of hind tarsus dis- 
tinctly longer than third.......... 

Je ltd uy WO eee Stenotus, p. 175 

First segment of hind tarsus shorter 


Ena Ehe ChMERGE A dst oe dee eer oon es eee 16 
Dorsal surface distinctly pubescent, 

Cll tier LOG. ete an a artr eek 17 
Dareal surface glabrous, highly pol- 

islrecsnes WOias soa Pe At ee 20 


’. Body above and below clothed with 


silky or woolly pubescence....... 
ec ee ee Polymerus, p. 
Body clothed only with simple pubes- 


cence, exiever woolly wn) - M5... 18 


Head broad, eyes practically in con- 
tact with pronotal angles, hind 
margins of eyes somewhat flattened 
and forming an arcuate line with 
base of vertex, fig? 166.52. .2.... 
A ome a er Dichrooscytus, p. 165 

Head not unusually broad, eyes con- 
vex behind and well removed from 
pronotal angles, fig. 168.......... 19 


Thickness of fourth antennal segment 
almost equal to that of base of 
second segment; mesal length of 
collar subequal to thickness of 
fourth antennal segment, fig. 168. . 
ae ery Adeiphocoris, p. 174 

Fourth antennal segment distinctly 
thinner than base of second seg- 
ment; mesal length of collar dis- 
tinctly greater than thickness of 
fourth segment....Calocoris, p. 137 

Rostrum short, scarcely surpassing 
ANLELIOGEONAG ..) Co eae as easly 
BD ah area ee Poecilocapsus, p. 172 

Rostrum longer, at least reaching 
posterior margins of middle coxae. . 

Ble aan ee Horcias, p. 172 


Calocoris Fieber 


Calocoris norvegicus 


(Gmelin) is a European species now known 


138 


from Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, 
New Jersey, New York, Nova Scotia, Que- 
bec, where it occurs on grasses. 


Capsus Fabricius 


KEY TO SPECIES 


Second antennal segment strongly clavate 
on apical half, thickness nearly twice 
that of first-seoment, fig: 154.25. 2. =. 
Me a ec. ela ane Ten ahaa e ater, p. 138 

Second antennal segment only moderately 
clavate on apical half, thickness only 
slightly greater than that of first seg- 
CMGs tebe nee ne simulans, p. 138 


Capsus ater (Linnaeus) 

Cimex ater Linnaeus (1758, p. 447). 
Matve.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.43, vertex 0.75. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.65, thickness 0.13; second, 


| \ 
h i 


Fig. 154.—Capsus ater, 9. 


1.86, strongly clavate, greatest thickness 
0.22; third, 0.73, slender; fourth, 0.91. Pro- 
notum, length 1.21, width at base 2.03. Head 
and body uniformly black, moderately shin- 
ing; the pronotum shallowly, but rather 


ItLtino1is NaturAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art 


coarsely, punctate; clothed with pale to yel- 
lowish pubescence. 

Femace.—Fig. 154. Length 5.80, width 
3.10. Very similar to male in color, pubes- 
cence and punctation. 

The typical form of this species has 
black legs, variety tyrannus (Fabricius) 
(1794, p. 177) has yellow brown or reddish 
legs, and variety semiflavus (Linnaeus) 
(1767, p. 725) has the legs, head and pro- 
notum reddish. All three forms and their 
intergrades have been taken together in 
Illinois. All Illinois specimens with the red- 
dish head and pronotum are females. 

Foop PLtants.—Canada bluegrass (Poa 
compressa), couch grass (Agropyron rep- 
ens); occasionally other grasses, such as 
timothy (Phleum pratense). 

Known Distripution.—This European 
species is common throughout the eastern 
United States and Canada. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred fifteen 
males, 67 females and 1 nymph, taken May 
13 to Aug. 12, are from Algonquin, Amboy, 
Antioch, Aurora, Bloomington, Chicago, Des 
Plaines, East Dubuque, Edgebrook, Eliza- 
beth, Erie, Fort Sheridan, Frankfort, Free- 
port, Galena, Galesburg, Glendon Park, 
Glen Ellyn, Grayslake, Harvard, Havana, 
Joliet, Monticello, Normal, Oregon, Palos 
Park, Pecatonica, Rock Island, Savanna, 
Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, Willow 
Springs. 


Capsus simulans (Stal) 


Deraeocoris simulans Stal (1858, p. 186). 

This species is distinguished from ater 
(Linnaeus) by its more slender second an- 
tennal segment. It is a palearctic form that 
feeds on brome grass (Bromus inermis) and 
has been found in Alaska, Alberta, Iowa, 
Minnesota, Montana, South Dakota, 
Wyoming. Not as yet found in Illinois, but 
it should be taken here eventually. 


Coccobaphes Uhler 


Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler 


cates sanguinareus Uhler (1878, p. 
401). 


Apu ts.—Fig. 155. Length 7.50, width 
3.40. General color bright-red with a dusky 


space either side of hemelytral commissure; — 


membrane, first two segments of antennae, 
tibiae, and apices of tarsi, black; third an- 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


tennal segment pale; fourth segment fuscous. 
Foop PLants.—Sugar maple (Acer sac- 
charum) and occasionally red maple (4. 


eon 
age 


{ 


} 
i i 
Fig. 155.—Coccobaphes sanguinareus. 
rubrum); breeds most abundantly on sec- 
ond growth or young trees. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massachu- 
setts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hamp- 
shire, New Jersey, New York, North Caro- 
lina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Tennes- 
see, Vermont, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Nine males and 7 fe- 
males, taken May 24 to Aug. 9, are from 


Carbondale, Champaign, Elizabethtown, 
Hardin, Herod, Makanda, Urbana. 


Tropidosteptes Uhler 


Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler 


Uhler 


Tropidosteptes cardinalis 


404) 

Apu ts.—Length 5.50, width 2.60; gen- 
eral color bright red with antennae, tylus, 
legs except apices of front and middle fem- 
Ora, space on either side of commissure 
of hemelytra, and membrane, black. 

Foop Piant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana) and occasionally other species 


(1878, p. 


PLrant Bucs, or Miripaez, or ILLinors 


iB 


of ash; occurs most frequently on young 
trees. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Mississippi, New Hampshire, 
New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, 
Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont. 

Illinois Records——Duveois: May 14, 
1916, 19; May 15, 1916, 2¢; May 21, 
(ONS: BOs Oss Mi ay-23, ORF eT ay 2 os 


May 24, 1917, . FRANKFORT: June 8, 
1933, Mohr & Townsend, 4 ¢ , 29, Heron: 
May 29, 1936, Ross & Mohr, 19. Ursana 


June 3, 1906, on elder, 19. 


Neoborus Reuter 


KEY TO-SPECIES 


1. Dorsum practically glabrous........ 2 
Dorsum strongly pubescent......... 8 
2. Rostrum attaining hind margins of 


middle coxae; a black line border- 
ing outer margin of radius and cury- 
ing mesad across apical area of cor- 


(Ue ea ee a palmeri, p. 141 
Rostrum not extending beyond pos- 
terior margin of mesosternum..... 3 


3. Antennae very dark brown; scutellum 
dark brown, basal angles pale; hem- 
elytra dark brown to pitch black, 
pale or yellowish at base of corium 
and embolium and on areas extend- 


ing along radius...... glaber, p. 140 
First antennal segment pale, rarely 
somewhat dusky: is. ¢2 440) 92.4004 


4. Dorsum uniformly black with cuneus 
pale, except apically, and mem- 
brane black; sometimes with a 
small pale spot at base of corium. . 
POR RIE 5 op eM geminus, p. 140 

Dorsum more or less pale, frequently 
marked with red; scutellum usually 
with some pale or yellow, but, if 
black, then membrane and cuneus 


5. Chiefly pale, with apical area of cor- 
pimereddisht cc) 3 ose eee. Hee 
...-amoenus var. amoenus, p. 140 

Chiefly black or very dark brown, 
aimost- black ore eo oss 6 


Membrane ese ney, paler on 


leony 


..amoenus var. scutellaris, p. 140 
Membrane entirely pales 4.40 ..0f 3: v 


i 


Very dark brown, almost black; lateral 


140 


and median vittae on pronotal disk, 
all of scutellum except basal angles 
and median line at base, and cor- 
ium, more or less pales. 2. tna 
_...amoenus var. signatus, p. 140 
Black; only cuneus and membrane 
palew i. scene athe eee aioe 
_..amoenus yar. atriscutis, p. 140 


8. First antennal segment black........ 9 
First antennal segment pale........ 11 


9. Scutellum very dark brown on either 
side of median line, basal angles 
paler; hemelytra translucent red- 
dish brown; cuneus colored similarly 
toicanuM.2 2 rufusculus, p. 143 

Scutellum testaceous, sometimes 
brownish on middle at base, never 
black with median line paler...... 10 


10. Second antennal segment yellowish 
brown, sometimes black near base; 
cuneus translucent yellowish to 
brownish.......canadensis, p. 141 

Second antennal segment uniformly 
black; cuneus clear and translucent 
2 Nie oh eats eae Et nee populi, p. 142 


11. Dorsum uniformly black, cuneus 
clear, legsmpalen ase tricolor, p. 143 

Dorsum more or less pale, scutellum 
always partly yellowish.......... 12 


12. Scutellum with a median black line 
extending from base to apex; female 
with embolium and outer margin of 
cortum black and inner apical angle 
of cortum dull yellow brown...... 
TGA Rei Ra Tk Pe vittiscutis, p. 142 

Scutellum yellow, sometimes dark at 
middle of base, but never with a 
median black line; female with 
inner apical angle of cortum black 
and embolium chiefly pale........ 
We RA BAT: ode pubescens, p. 141 


Neoborus geminus (Say) 


Capsus geminus Say (1832, p. 24; 1859, p. 
344) 


Aputts.—Length 4.80-5.30, width 2.20. 
General color deep black, shining; legs, first 
antennal segment and base of second, and 
cuneus except apex, pale; front of head 
usually with pale marks. 

Foop Priant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana). Usually occurs with amoenus 
(Reuter) during June. 

Known Distrinution.—Described from 
Indiana and since recognized from Illinois, 


Ohio, Ontario, New York. 


ItLinois NaturaAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Illinois Records. —GALEsBuURG: June 8, 
1893, 19. SHAWNEETOWN: May 27, 1928, 
TE risomalia 


Neoborus amoenus (Reuter) 


Tropidosteptes amoenus Reuter (1909, p. 48). 

Aputts.—Length 4.30-5.00, width 2.00. 
General color pale yellowish, marked with 
reddish and fuscous, and sometimes with 
black; pronotum with five to seven fuscous 
or reddish rays, clavus and apical area of 
corium marked with bright red, sometimes 
tinged with fuscous; apex of second antennal 
segment and sometimes third and fourth 
fuscous. 

The typical form of this species is mostly 
pale; darker specimens may be designated 
by varietal names. Of these, amoenus sig- 
natus (Reuter) (1909, p. 49) and scutellaris 
(Reuter) (1909, p. 49) and intergrading 
forms have been taken together in Illinois; 
variety atriscutis Knight (1929c, p. 10) has 
not yet been taken in the state. 

Foop PLants. — White ash (Fraxinus 
americana) and red ash (F. pennsylvanica), 
especially the latter. Nymphs occur on the 
trees from May to September; there are 
apparently two broods per year. 

Known DistrIiBUTION.—Common from 
Texas and Kansas northward to North Da- 
kota and eastward to the Atlantic Coast. 

Illinois Records.—Ninety-six males, 107 
females and 2 nymphs, taken May 24 to 
Oct. 2, are from Antioch, Chicago, De Soto, 
Dubois, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, Evanston, 
Gibsonia, Glen Ellyn, Golconda, Harris- 
burg, Havana, Iroquois, Kappa, Keithsburg, 
Monticello, Mound City, Normal, Oregon, 
Pinkstaff, Quincy, St. Joseph, Savanna, 
Shawneetown, Starved Rock State Park, 
Ullin, Urbana. 


Neoborus glaber Knight 


Neoborus glaber Knight (1923d, p. 563). 

Mave.—Length 4.60, width 1.90. Prono- 
tum grabrous, shining, coarsely punctate, 
lateral margins sharply defined, but not 
prominently carinate; yellowish testaceous 
with a large, flaring, dark brown ray ex- 
tending from each callus to posterior margin. 
Hemelytra with emboliar margin slightly 
sinuate, widest behind middle; very dark 
brown to piceous, shining, coarsely and rath- 
er closely punctate, glabrous or with only a 
minute hair set in pit of coarse punctures; 


September, 1941 


area at base of corium and embolium, and 
areas extending for a space along radius, 
yellowish testaceous; cuneus yellowish 
translucent, apical half and area extending 
along inner margin to basal angle, fusco- 
brownish. Membrane and veins uniformly 
fuscous, a small pale spot bordering apex 
of cuneus. Legs pale yellowish; femora 
with two subapical brownish bands, these 
bands lacking on front pair. Venter yel- 
lowish, two subdorsal lateral lines dark 
brownish, genital segment brownish; fine, 
pale pubescence present on venter, hairs 
more prominent on genital segment. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 2.20. More 
robust than male and usually with pale areas 
broader; basal half of corium and more than 
basal half of cuneus yellowish. 

Foop Piant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana); often found associated with 
amoenus (Reuter). A single Illinois speci- 
men was taken on hickory (Carya sp.). 

Known DistrigsuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, New 
York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, South 
Dakota. 

Illinois Records.—NortHeErN ILLINOIS: 
1g. CHAMPAIGN: June 9, 1888, at light, 
C. A. Hart, 1 g. FRANKrForT: June 8, 1933, 
Mohr & Townsend, 2 ¢, 119. Oquawka: 
June 13, 1932, on Carya sp., H. L. Dozier, 
19. Raco: May 6, 1932, swamp, H. L. 
Dozier, 1. Urpana: May 16, 1887, C. 
Peeelart, » it. 


Neoborus palmeri Reuter 


Neoborus amoenus palmeri Reuter in Van 


Duzee (1908, p. 112). 

Apu ts.—Length 5.70, width 2.40. Gen- 
eral color pale yellowish with a brown 
shellaclike gloss; each callus with a trans- 
verse mark; line along lateral margin of 
pronotal disk, and usually a second one 
parallel to it, line along outer margin of 
radius which widens apically and crosses 
corium to inner angle of cuneus, fuscous 
to black; in pale specimens, black color 
showing only on corium; sides of pleura 
frequently black; apex of second anten- 
nal segment and entire third and fourth 
segments fuscous to black. 

Foop Prant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana) and probably other ash trees. 

Known Disrrisution.—lllinois, Minne- 
sota, New York, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records. — Beverty Hits: 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, or ILLINOIS 


141 


Aug. 2,' 1920; Wij.” Gerhard, 1's, . eM. 
ELIZABETH: July 7, 1917, 1 ¢. FREEporT: 
july 4, 1917) Ie. 


Neoborus pubescens Knight 


Neoborus pubescens Knight (1917c, p. 81). 

Apu tts.—Length 4.60, width 1.70. Gen- 
eral color very dark brown marked with 
pale; clothed with prominent, erect pubes- 
cence; more coarsely punctured than in 
amoenus (Reuter). Pronotum, lateral mar- 
gins distinctly carinate only on anterior half; 
black with top of collar, rather wide me- 
dian stripe on disk, one and sometimes 
two rays behind each callus, pale yellow. 
Scutellum yellow, black at middle of base; 
mesoscutum black; sternum and_ pleura 
black; ostiolar peritreme pale; hemelytra 
pale; inner half of clavus, area along claval 
suture, large apical spot on corium and 
small area at edge of embolium, black; 
membrane mostly pale; in female, dark 
fuscous to black within cells and on areas 
margining veins; in male, dark fuscous ex- 
tending to include middle of membrane; 
venter black, sometimes less dark in female. 

Foop PrLiant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana); found developing only’ on 
young plants growing in the shade. 

Known DistriBpuTiIon.—lIllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New 
York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec. 

Illinois Record.—Patos Park: July 4, 
1910, W.}:. Gerhard, Lg, FM: 


Neoborus canadensis (Van Duzee) 


Tropidosteptes canadensis Van Duzee (1912, 
p. 486). 

Matce.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.41. Antennae with first 
segment black; second fusco-brownish, more 
nearly black at base, pubescence dusky, cylin- 
drical, constricted at base, nearly attaining 
the thickness of first segment; third fuscous; 
fourth fuscous. General color yellowish tes- 
taceous; clavus, apical area of corium, two 
subapical bands on hind femora, and calli, 
very dark brown; pronotal disk obscure 
brownish to fuscous on either side of me- 
dian line; base of scutellum at middle 
brownish, brown color somewhat notched by 
paler on median line; dorsum coarsely and 
rather closely punctate, clothed with erect, 
yellowish pubescence. 

Fremace.—Length 5.30, width 2.40; more 


142 


robust than male; dark color more brown- 
ish than black. 

Foop Piant.—White ash 
americana). 

Known DistripuTion.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 
Quebec, South Dakota, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
June, 39. FRANKFORT: June 8, 1933, on 
Fraxinus sp., Mohr & Townsend, 7 ¢,359@. 
Patos Park: June 19, 1909, A. B. Wolcott, 
1 4, rm. Rockrorb: June 11, 1933, Mohr & 
Townsend, 19. UrsBaNna: June 1, 1889, 
lite coe 


(Fraxinus 


Neoborus populi Knight 


Neoborus populi Knight (1929c, p. 4). 

Matve.—Length 4.20, width 1.70. Head 
yellowish; tylus, spot above each antennal 
socket, and mark either side of median line 
of frons, black. Rostrum, length 1.06, nearly 
attaining hind margin of sternum, yellowish, 
apex black. Antennae with first and second 
segments black, third brownish, fourth yel- 
lowish. Calli prominent, black, surrounded 
by yellowish, posterior half of disk black, but 
this not joined with black on calli; lateral 
margins of disk slightly sinuate, not dis- 
tinctly carinate. Body clothed with prom- 
inent, erect, pale pubescence, hairs longer 


Fig. 156.— Neoborus populi, 9. 


ItLinois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 


and more prominent than in pubescens 
Knight. General color pale to yellowish, 
shaded with black; scutellum yellow, with- 
out vitta; calli, mesoscutum, inner apical 
half of clavus, all except apex of embolium, 
outer margin of corium exterior to radial 
vein, line extending across apical area of 
corium to inner angles, pleura, and sternum, 
black. Cuneus clear; membrane and veins 
very dark, almost black. Legs yellowish, 
apical halves of hind femora and bases of 
tibiae becoming almost black. 

FemMaALe.—Fig. 156. Length 4.60, width 
1.90. Very similar to male in pubescence 
and coloration, except black areas some- 
what reduced; hind femora each with two 
incomplete, subapical black annuli; mem- 
brane fuscous to almost black. 

Foop PLant.—Cottonwood (Populus 
sp.). 

Known DitstriBuTION.—Illinois. 

Illinois Records.—ILuinois: 124, 39. 
GaLeEsBurG: July 16, 1892,2¢,29. UR- 
BANA, BROWNFIELD Woops: July 19, 1926, 
Vera G. Smith, 1 ¢, 19, Kc; July 28, 1889, 
C) A. Hare 1 ee 


Neoborus vittiscutis Knight 


Neoborus vittiscutis Knight (1923d, p. 566). 

Mare.—Length 4.00, width 1.86. Head 
almost black; bucculae, and margins of juga 
and lora, paler. Rostrum, length 1.16, reach- 
ing to middle of intermediate coxae, pale, 
apex black; antennae pale except second 
segment, which is reddish or dusky apically. 
Pronotum coarsely punctate, with an erect, 
pale hair arising from each puncture; black, 
shining, spot on median line, an indistinct 
ray behind each callus, and carinate lat- 
eral margin, pale. Scutellum pale with a 
narrow, black area at base and a median 
black line, median line more slender apically; 
mesoscutum black, clothed with pale pubes- 
cence; sternum and pleura black. Hemely- 
tra with emboliar margins slightly sinuate; 
black, shining, coarsely punctate, slightly 
paler and somewhat translucent along claval 
veins at a spot near base of corium; cuneus 
pale translucent, apex with a narrow fus- 
cous area. Membrane uniformly fuscous, 
scarcely paler near apex of cuneus. Legs 
uniformly pale. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. An- 
tennae pale. Pronotal disk yellowish testa- 
ceous with a black line bordering lateral 
carina and an indistinct, fuscous line be- 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


hind outer margin of callus. Scutellum 
colored similarly to that of male, median 
black line broader near base. Hemelytra 
pale testaceous with embolium and outer 
margin of corium exterior to radial vein 
black and tip of embolium pale; membrane 
pale, areoles except small spot near basal 
angle of cuneus, veins, and area bordering 
areoles, dark fuscous. More robust than 
male and with pale areas broader. 

Foop PLant.—Ash (Fraxinus sp.). 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, 
Missouri, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Darwin: 
1932, on Fraxinus americana, Dozier & 
Park, 19. ELIzABETHTOWN: June 22-24, 
1932, on Fraxinus americana, Ross, Dozier 
& Park, 1g,29. Harpin: June 5-9, 1932, 
on Fraxinus americana, H. L. Dozier, 5 2, 
39. Harrispurc: June 25, 1932, on 
Fraxinus americana, Ross, Dozier & Park, 
19. Karnak: June 23, 1932, on Fraxi- 
nus americana, Ross, Dozier & Park, 29. 
Litty: June 11, 1914, Mackinaw River, 
1g,19. Wittow Sprincs: June 27, 1909, 
A. B. Wolcott, 1 ¢, FM. 


July 23, 


Neoborus tricolor (Van Duzee) 


Tropidosteptes tricolor Van Duzee (1912, 


p- 487). 

Apu tts.—Length 5.70, width 2.80. An- 
tennae pale, second segment pale with apex 
fuscous. Dorsum rather coarsely punc- 
tured, with an erect, prominent, pale hair 
arising from each puncture. General color 
black with rostrum except apex, legs, ostio- 
lar peritreme, and cuneus, pale; front of 
head reddish to brownish. 

Known Distrisution.—Described from 
New Jersey, and since recognized only from 
Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri. 

Illinois Records.—Ursana: Aug. 9, 
1920, J. R. Malloch, 1¢. Vienna: June 
14, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Neoborus rufusculus Knight 


Neoborus rufusculus Knight (1923d, p. 564). 

Aputts.—Length 4.60, width 1.86. Gen- 
eral color of head yellowish; tylus, median 
line of front and joining arc above, and 
juga except sutural margins, blackish. An- 
tennae, first segment black; second fusco- 
blackish; third and fourth fuscous. Prono- 
tum, length 0.94, width at base 1.69; coarse- 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripagz, or ILLinors 


143 


ly and rather closely punctate, shining, 
clothed with erect, pale yellowish pubes- 
cence; brownish black; collar, median line 
of disk that narrows near basal margin, 
spot behind outer angle of each callus, and 
slender basal margin, yellowish testaceous; 
carinate lateral margins of disk only mod- 
erately distinct, slightly more sulcate than 
in canadensis (Van Duzee). Scutellum 
coarsely punctate, clothed with erect, yellow- 
ish pubescence; brownish black, median line 
and basal angles paler; mesoscutum brown- 
ish with prominent pubescence. Sternum 
brownish black, median line yellowish, 
pleura blackish, clothed with prominent pu- 
bescence; ostiolar peritreme pale. Hemely- 
tra, emboliar margins nearly straight, but 
curved at each end; reddish brown, trans- 
lucent, darker on clavus bordering scutellum 
and commissure; rather coarsely and closely 
punctate, shining, clothed with prominent, 
erect, yellowish pubescence; cuneus reddish 
brown, translucent, scarcely paler at base. 
Membrane and veins fusco-brownish, a 
small pale spot bordering apex of cuneus. 
Legs yellowish; apical half of hind femora, 
somewhat on apex of middle pair, base 
of tibiae and somewhat on middle of hind 
pair, blackish; apices of tarsi fuscous. Ven- 
ter blackish; ventral surface except on geni- 
tal segment, yellowish; pubescence pale. 

Foop PrLant.—Ash 
cana). 

KNowNn , Minne- 
sota, Mississippi, New York, Texas. 

Illinois Record.—Wuire Pines For- 
EST STATE Park: June 4, 1933, Ross & 
Townsend, | 2. 


(Fraxinus  ameri- 


Xenoborus Reuter 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Membrane pale or, if fuscous, paler on 
iI Shieh ae Leh be ee 2 


Membrane uniformly fuscous or black. 3 


2. Dorsum uniformly pale greenish yellow, 


fuscous along commissure of hemely- 
traslencth:GAUl o£ Wsaccu ie st 
peu winee eae ae commissuralis, p. 144 
Dorsum with black areas broader; calli, 
spot either side of median line on 
pronotal disk, clavus except along 
claval vein, and spot on apical area 
of corium, very dark fuscous, almost 
black; membrane fuscous, with an 
oval spot on middle of apical half; 


144 


within areoles, distinctly paler; 
length? 5200. o.k..5a plagifer, p. 144 
Posterior tibiae uniformly pale; femora 
pale or only rarely dusky near apex; 
embolium and basal half of cortum 
pale in both sexes. ..neglectus, p. 144 
Posterior tibiae fuscous, almost black 
near base; posterior femora black 
apically or with dark color forming 
two bands; embolium and basal half 
of corium pale in some female speci- 
INENSS eee ee: eee pettiti, p. 145 


Ww 


Xenoborus commissuralis Reuter 


Xenoborus commissuralis Reuterin Van Duzee 
(1908, p. 112). 


Aputts.—Length 6.40, width 2.30. Gen- 
eral color uniformly pale greenish, becom- 
ing yellowish after death; antennae, a 
narrow streak along commissure of hemely- 
tra, tips of tarsi, and tip of rostrum, very 
dark fuscous, almost black; membrane pale 
translucent; brachium and a streak beyond 
apex of larger areole dusky. 

Foop PLant.—Black ash (Fraxinus 
nigra) ; occurs during July and August. 

Known Distrisution.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota, New York, Nova Scotia, On- 
tario, Quebec. 

Illinois Records——NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
14,49. Gavespurc: July 16, 1892, 29. 


Xenoborus plagifer (Reuter) 


Tropidosteptes plagifer Reuter (1909, p. 51). 

Aputts.—Length 5.00, width 1.90. Gen- 
eral color pale yellowish testaceous; anten- 
nae, calli, male usually with a spot either 
side of median line on pronotal disk, clavus 
except claval vein, and spot on apical area 
of corium, very dark brown, almost black; 
scutellum yellow; membrane fuscous, with 
an oval spot on middle of apical half, 
and area within areoles, distinctly paler; 
female with pale areas broader, infuscation 
on apical half of membrane forming a ray 
at either side behind areoles. Male clas- 
pers as in fig. 157. 

Foop PLant.—Black ash (Fraxinus ni- 
gra); occurs during August and September. 

Known Distripution.—Illinois, Minne- 
sota, New York, Ontario, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 


24,69. GaLesBurc: Sept. 12, 1888, 2 2, 
20 


a Ye 


ILLINois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Arie 


Xenoborus neglectus Knight 


Xenoborus neglectus Knight (1917c, p. 82). 

Mave.—Length 5.40, width 2.10. Gen- 
eral color black with pale areas; antennae 
almost black, paler on base of first segment; 
head with lower half of face fuscous; front 
pale, flecked with reddish; carina and a 
small median dash at middle of vertex al- 
most black. Pronotum not carinate, punc- 
tation and pubescence nearly as in plagifer 
(Reuter); collar and large median spot 
or ray on disk white or pale yellow; pale 
ray extending from outer angle of callus 


NEGLECTUS 


Fig. 157 Male left 


Xenoborus. 


genital claspers of 


along lateral margin of disk to basal angle; 
scutellum pale yellowish, mesocutum almost 
black. Hemelytra very dark brown, almost 
black; embolium, basal angle of corium and 
cuneus, pale translucent; membrane uni- 
formly fuscous. Legs pale yellowish; hind 
femora sometimes dusky near apices, but 
never distinctly banded. Claspers as in fig. 
Sie 

Femace.—Membrane slightly paler on 
middle; a black ray present behind each 
callus; lateral margin and basal angle of 
disk remaining yellowish. 

Foop PLants.—Occurs during June and 
probably breeds on black ash (Fraxinus 
nigra). Found on pignut (Carya glabra) 
in Illinois. 

Known Distripution.—lIllinois, Michi- 
gan, New York, Ohio, Ontario. 

Illinois Record.—East DusuaueE: June 
1, 1933, on Carya glabra, Ross & Townsend, 
24,89. 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs 


Xenoborus pettiti (Reuter) 


Tropidosteptes pettiti Reuter (1909, p. 50). 

Apvutts.—Length 5.70, width 2.10. Gen- 
eral color black; scutellum yellow; some- 
times with embolium, basal half of corium, 
and all of cuneus except apex, pale; front 
of head and pronotal disk sometimes red- 
dish; lateral margins and basal angles of 
disk never so pale as median line, except in 
teneral specimens killed before any black 
color develops on pronotum; legs pale, with 
posterior femora almost black apically, or 
with dark color forming two subapical 
bands. Male claspers as in fig. 157. 

Foop PLtant.—White ash (Fraxinus 
americana) ; occurs during May and June. 

KNown DistrisuTion.—lowa, Kansas, 
Minnesota and eastward. 

Illinois Records.—NortTHERN ILLINOIs: 
1g. ALGONQUIN: June 12, 1897, 19 ; June 
29, 1907, W. A. Nason, 1 ¢, 19. CuHicaco: 
June 5, 1908, at light, W. J. Gerhard, 1 ¢, 
FM. FRANKFoRT: June 8, 1933, Mohr & 
Townsend, +9. Patos Park: June 20, 
1909, at light, W. J. Gerhard, 4¢, FM. 
Ursana: May 19, 1889, C. A. Hart, 1 ¢@ ; 
May 31, 1889, C. A. Hart, 19. Wuite 
Pines Forest State Park: June 4, 1933, 
Ross & Townsend, 1 9°. 


Lygidea Reuter 


EASE ECTIES 


1. Rostrum scarcely attaining posterior 


margin of intermediate coxae...... Bs 
Rostrum reaching to near apices of hind 
ce Nee Eee Sse ns Soe ica! «toss 4 


ht 


Length of first antennal segment equal 
to width of vertex plus one-half dor- 
sal width of an eye; hemelytra with 
pubescence chiefly suberect, set 
moderately close; cuneus chiefly pale, 
red only along inner margin and at 
21 bo Gone ae a eed viburni, p. 145 

Length of first antennal segment less 
than or scarcely greater than width 
PUMVCKteks Arete 5 ole No. vk. 3 


3 Second antennal segment provided 
with several erect hairs that in length 
exceed thickness of segment; length 
SUES ee os stacy Soe rosacea, p. 145 

Second antennal segment provided only 
with short hairs that in length are 
less than thickness of segment; 
length 5.60-5.90....... salicis, p. 146 


, OR Miripak, or ILLINOIS 


145 


4. Color orange red with basal margin 
of pronotum and variable areas of 
outer margins of hemelytra fuscous 
to almost black.......mendax, p. 146 

Color chiefly fuscous to almost black 
with ground color pale to greenish, 
never reddish. .......obscura, p. 145 


Lygidea rosacea Reuter 


ie ae rubecula rosacea Reuter (1909, p. 
16). 

Mave.—Length 6.70, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.26, vertex 0.63. Rostrum, length 
1.85, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.60; 
second, 2.10, pubescence dense and _ inter- 
mixed with several erect hairs which in 
length exceed thickness of segment; third, 
0.88; fourth, 0.57. Hemelytra densely 
clothed with closely appressed, golden yel- 
low pubescence; clavus and apical half of 
corium fuscous to black, basal half of corium 
and embolium yellowish translucent. Cuneus 
red with a yellowish area at base and ex- 
tending to middle along outer margin. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.50, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.34, vertex 0.68. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.60; second, 1.90; third, 0.80; 
fourth, 0.60. Dorsum chiefly red, although 
in dark forms clavus and apical half of cor- 
ium becoming infuscated. 


Foop PLant.—Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). 
Known Distripution. — Illinois, Iowa, 


Minnesota, Ohio, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records.—Fifteen males and 32 
females, taken June 1 to July 7, are from 
Champaign, Chicago, Elizabethtown, Free- 
port, Grand Tower, Grayslake, Iroquois, 
Kampsville, Keithsburg, New Milford, Pike, 
Prophetstown, Savanna, Urbana, Vienna, 
Willow Springs. 


Lygidea viburni Knight 
Lygidea viburni Knight (1923d, p. 569). 


No Illinois specimens; known from 
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New 


York. Breeds on nannyberry (Viburnum 


lentago). 


Lygidea obscura Reuter 


Lygidea rubecula obscura Reuter (1909, p. 46). 
Mate.—Length 6.00, width 2.20. Smaller 
and darker colored than rubecula (Uhler). 


146 


General color dark fuscous to black with 
genae, apices of juga, median line on frons, 
median line and slender area along basal 
margin of pronotum, lateral margins and 
apical two-thirds of median line of scutel- 
lum, thoracic sternum, and lower half of 
abdominal venter except on genital segment, 
coxae, basal halves of femora, and tibiae ex- 
cept base and apex, pale to yellowish; cuneus 
pale translucent, inner half reddish, apex 
dark red to almost black. 

FemMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; very 
similar to male, but with dark areas smaller. 
General color yellowish to brownish, dark- 
ened with fuscous; head yellowish with 
bases of juga, and broad mark on frons 
either side of median line, black; pronotum 
brownish, a broad black line at either lateral 
margin and a black ray behind callus on 
either side of pale median line; hemelytra 
rather uniformly fusco-brownish; hind fe- 
mora with very dark brown bands before 
apices, anterior face more or less_ black 
on apical half. 

Foop Prant.—Black willow (Salix 
nigra). 

Known DistriBpuTION.—Illinois, Michi- 
gan, New York, Nova Scotia, Ontario, 
Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 11 
females, taken June 3 to July 5, are from 
Champaign, Chicago, Grand Detour, 
Homer, Kampsville, Keithsburg, Mount 
Carmel, Rockford, Urbana, Warsaw, White 
Heath. 


Lygidea salicis Knight 


Lygidea salicis Knight (1939a, p. 22). 

Mate.—Length 5.60, width 2.20. Ros- 
trum pale, apex black. Antennae with first 
segment black, slender apex pale; second 
fusco-brownish, basal one-fourth black, pu- 
bescence rather short and recumbent; third 
fuscous; fourth almost black. Pronotum 
with disk punctate, transversely rugulose; 
black, collar except behind eyes, median line 
of disk, two blotches behind outer halves 
of calli, disks of calli, narrow area along 
basal margin, and dorsal margin, pale; ven- 
tral one-third of propleura pale. Scutellum 
pale with a wedge-shaped, very dark brown 
mark on either side of median line, meso- 
scutum black. Hemelytra very dark brown, 
embolium except apically, cuneus except red- 
dish spot on apex, pale translucent. Mem- 
brane uniformly dark fuscous, less dark on 


Ittinois NaturAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


area bordering apex of cuneus; veins pale. 
Clavus and corium clothed with pale to sil- 
very, somewhat silky pubescence. Ventral 
surface white to yellowish; a broad, lateral, 
longitudinal stripe on thoracic pleura and 
sides of venter, reddish brown to black. Legs 
pale; hind femora with two subapical red- 
dish brown annuli; tibial spines yellowish; 
apical segment of each tarsus fuscous. 

Femae.—Length 5.90, width 2.30. Very 
similar to male in color and pubescence, but 
pale area on disk of pronotum broader. 

Foop PLANtT.—Peach-leaved willow (Sa- 
lix amygdaloides). 

Known DistrispuTion.—lIllinois, Michi- 
gan, Minnesota, Ontario. 

Illinois Record.—GALeEna: 
1932, Dozier & Mohr, 14,19. 


June 30, 


Lygidea mendax Reuter 


Apple Redbug, fig. 158. 


Lygidea mendax Reuter (1909, p. 47). 

While not as yet collected in Illinois, this 
bright, orange red species undoubtedly will 
be found along the Rock River and vicinity. 


Fig. 158.—Lygidea mendax, 9. 


September, 1941 


KNIGHT: 


This assumption is based on the fact that 
mendax has been collected near Davenport 
and Bentonsport, Iowa. Occurs on haw- 
thorn (Crataegus sp.), American crabapple 
(Pyrus coronaria), cultivated apple (Pyrus 
malus) and to some extent on cultivated 
quince (Cydonia oblonga). This insect is 
now regarded as a serious pest on apples 
in New York, Pennsylvania and Michigan. 
Known from Connecticut, Indiana, Iowa, 
Maine, Michigan, New York, Nova Scotia, 
Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 


Neccapsus Distant 


Neocapsus cuneatus Distant 


Neocapsus cuneatus Distant (1893, p. 438). 

Mave.—Length 4.80, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length 
1.73, reaching to apices of middle coxae. 


Fig. 159.— Neocapsus cuneatus, °. 


Antennae very short, black, with fine pu- 
bescence; first segment, length 0.47; second 
1.38, cylindrical, slightly more slender near 
base; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.35. Pronotum, 
length 1.25, width at base 2.25; finely, shal- 
lowly punctate. Scutellum transversely 
rugulose, orange red, rarely partly black. 
Dorsum practically glabrous; hemelytra 
with minute pubescence in some of the shal- 
low punctures. General color black; prono- 


PLANT BuGs, or MirIDAE, OF ILLINOIS 


147 


tum, except calli and basal angles, femora, 
and sometimes cuneus, red; head yellowish 
to red; tylus usually darker. 

FEeMALe.—Fig. 159. Length 5.60, width 
2.80. More robust than male and usually 
with red areas broader; pronotum, scutel- 
lum, cuneus, femora and ventral surface of 
body orange to red; basal area of corium us- 
ually pale; tibiae and second antennal seg- 
ment largely pale. 

Foop PLtant.—Post oak (Quercus stel. 
lata), according to Dr. H. G. Johnston. 

Known Distripution. — Arizona, IIli- 
nois, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, 
Oklahoma, Texas; Mexico. 

Illinois Records——Dusois: May 15, 
1OU7,- tos May 225 1917, 1 & 3s Mayes: 
1917, 24,79 3 May 24; 1917,4¢,3°9:. 


Platylygus Van Duzee 


Platylygus luridus (Reuter) 


Lygidea rubecula var. lurida Reuter (1909, 
p. 46). 


Mace.—Fig. 160. Length 6.50, width 
2.40. Minutely pubescent; dorsum practi- 


Fig. 160.— Platylygus luridus, &. 


148 


cally glabrous. General color pale yellow- 
ish brown; hemelytra translucent; collar 
and tip of scutellum pale to white; apex and 
inner half of cuneus, brachium, disk of 
scutellum, apices of femora, and area on 
venter, somewhat reddish; third and fourth 
antennal segments infuscated; apex of ros- 
trum piceous; membrane fumate or pale 
brownish. 

FEeMALE.—Length 7.00, width 2.70; more 
robust than male, but otherwise very simi- 
lar in structure and coloration. 

Foop PLant.—White pine (Pinus stro- 
bus). The nymphs are yellowish with a 
tinge of brownish, and thus very closely 
match the color of the bud scales of their 
host plant. 

Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, 
Hampshire, New York. 

Illinois Record. — NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 
Wo. 


New 


Lygus Hahn 


KEY- TO SPECIES 


1. Length of second antennal segment 
less than width of head; body 
ovate, robust, yellowish brown to 
dark reddish brown, darkened with 
fuscous. 2 oss rubicundus, p. 153 

Length of second antennal segment 
greater than width of head........ 2 


Basal carina of vertex lacking in mid- 
dle, visible only at corners of eyes: 
green or greenish yellow, preserved 
specimens fading to dull yellowish; 
Y-shaped fuscous mark formed by 
anal areas of membranes; usually 
with a longitudinal cloud distad of 


i) 


AKeOleSat we eae pabulinus, p. 153 
Basal carina of vertex entire; various- 
ly: cologedh. ein soa ante cones eee 3 


3. Rostrum just attaining posterior mar- 
gins of middle coxae; scutellum 
bright yellow or green............ 
NG wastage (ocr eam campestris, p. 154 

Rostrum reaching to or slightly be- 
youd hind: ¢oxacy..: 5. soe 4 
4. tind tibiae deep black. |; 2a 


Pe ie Beet 2A atritibialis, p. 152 
Hind tibiae more or less pale neon ee 5 


in 


Color chiefly pale or green, sometimes 
with darker markings............ 6 
Color yellowish brown to black, or 


CCeTAVGIITS Ton YA Renee 2 RS RRP Dy 8 


Ittinois NatruraAL History Survey BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


6. Tibiae uniformly pale greenish, with- 
out bands at base; eyes large; color 
of body chiefly green. .apicalis, p. 154 
Tibiae spotted, often with red and- 
black bands at base. +. = 2a fi 
7. Rostrum almost, but not quite, reach- 
ing tips of hind coxae; abdomen uni- 
formly green; area along claval vein 
and spot on apical area of corium 
fuscous<:i¢2 9 oe eee elisus, p. 152 
Rostrum attaining or slightly exceed- 
ing apices of hind coxae; abdomen 
marked with black; hemelytra of 
female uniformly pale, of male 
darkened with red and black...... 
ight: ae ee hesperus, p. 151 
8. Hemelytra black and irregularly mot- 
tled with greenish yellow; head and 
anterior part of pronotum yellowish 
green, usually with two black rays 
behind.each callus: ..-) 2a 
See ht Las ie ae plagiatus, p. 153 
Hemelytra sometimes dark but not 
mottled with pale spots; head and 
pronotum not colored as above.... 9 
9. Length 6.50-7.30; nearly glabrous, 
strongly shining. . vanduzeei, p. 150 
Length 4.80-6.30; distinctly pubes- 


10. Second antennal segment three times 
as long as first segment; frons uni- 
formly yellowish, without black 
lines; length 6.00-6.30. .frisoni, p. 151 

Second antennal segment less than 
three times as long as first segment; 
frons with median line dark; length 
5.005.502 Ges oblineatus, p. 148 


Lygus oblineatus (Say) 
Tarnished Plant Bug 


Capsus oblineatus Say (1832, p. 21). 

This species has passed in American liter- 
ature under the name Lygus pratensis (Lin- 
naeus) for many years. It differs, however, 
from the European pratensis in the struc- 
ture of the right genital clasper, fig. 161; 
oblineatus is darker in color and has def- 
inite stripes. 

Aputts.—Fig. 162. Length 4.90—5.50, 
width 2.50; ovate. General color shining, 
yellowish brown with more or less blackish 
marking, or reddish brown and _ fuscous 
areas; pronotum with yellowish and blackish 
rays; scutellum margined with blackish 
leaving a Y- or heart-shaped yellowish 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


5 
B GIN 
TRITIBIALIS 


Za 
ee | 


PRATENSI/S VANDUZEE/ 
{) 
OBLINEATUS PABUL/INUS 


PLANT Bucs, or MiripAE, OF ILLINOIS 149 


HESPERUS BEISUS, 


y ae a L= 


a, 
lee 


al \ 


PLAG/IATUS RUBICUNDUS 


CAMPESTRIS 


APICAL/S 


Fig. 161.— Male genital claspers of Lygus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; B, left clasper, dorsal 


aspect; C, right clasper, mesal aspect. 


central area; hemelytra reddish brown or 
blackish, streaked with yellowish or gray. 
The amount of black on the dorsum varies 
greatly. 

The very dark extremes in which the 
black predominates belong to the variety 
strigulatus (Walker) (1873, p. 94). Both 
extremes and their intergrades have been 
collected together throughout Illinois. 

Known DistriputTion.—This is the com- 
monest species of the family Miridae in the 
eastern United States and is found every- 
where frequenting many kinds of plants. It 
is a pest on nursery stock, ornamental plants 
and cultivated crops. The adults hibernate 


chiefly under leaves on the ground; many 
also hibernate in mullein rosettes. 

Illinois Records.—Five hundred eighty- 
five males and 453 females, taken Jan. 24 to 
Nov. 13, are from Albion, Algonquin, Al- 
lerton, Alton, Alto Pass, Amboy, Antioch, 
Apple River Canyon State Park, Auburn 
Park, Beach, Beardstown, Beverly Hills, 
Bloomington, Bluff Springs, Borton, 
Browns, Bureau, Cache, Calvin, Carbon- 
dale, Carthage, Cary, Champaign, Charles- 
ton, Chester, Chicago, Custer Park, Cy- 
press, Danville, Darwin, Decatur, Delavan, 
De Soto, Dixon, Dolson, Dubois, East Cape 
Girardeau, East Dubuque, Effingham, E1- 


150 


Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, Erie, 


chorn, 


Ernst, Evanston, Fairmount, Farmer City, 
Fountain Bluff, Fox Lake, Frankfort, Ful- 
ton, Galena, Galesburg, Georgetown, Giant 
City State Park, Glencoe, Glen Ellyn, Glen- 


Golconda, 


Grand Detour, Grand 


view, 


r 
tI 
i, 

Se. 


Fig. 162.—Lygus oblineatus. 


Tower, Grand View, Grayville, Hamilton, 
Hardin, Harrisburg, Harvard, Hatton, Ha- 
vana, Henry, Herod, Hillsboro, Hillsdale, 
Homer, Horseshoe Lake, Iroquois, Joliet, 
Kampsville, Kankakee, Kansas, Kappa, Kar- 
nak, Keithsburg, Lawrenceville, Lima, 
Litchfield, Mahomet, Makanda, Marshall, 
Mason City, Maywood, McClure, Metrop- 
olis, Milford, Monmouth, Monticello, 
Mounds, Mount Carmel, Mount Carroll, 
Muncie, New Columbia, New Milford, 
Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Olive 
Branch, Ozark, Palmer, Palos Park, Paris, 
Parker, Patoka, Pekin, Philadelphia, Pu- 
laski, Quincy, Riverdale, River Forest, 
Rockford, Rock Island, Rockton, St. Anne, 
Savanna, Savoy, Seymour, Shawneetown, 
Sheldon, Sherman, Sparland, Springfield, 
Starved Rock State Park, Temple Hill, Un- 
ion County State Forest, Urbana, Vienna, 
Ware, Warsaw, Watseka, Waukegan, 
West Union, White Heath, White Pines 


Ittinois NarurxAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 22; Avtot 


Forest State Park, Willow Springs, Wood- 
stock, York, Zion. 


Lygus vanduzeei Knight 


Lygus vanduzeei Knight (19174, p. 565). 

Mate.—Length 7.10, width 3.30. Head 
width 1.25, vertex 0.50. Rostrum, length 
2.93, just attaining posterior margins of 
hind coxae, yellowish brown, apex blackish. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.85, red- 
dish brown to black; second, 2.22, reddish 
brown, apex blackish; third, 1.31, blackish, 
narrow pale area at base; fourth, 1.00, 
fuscous; all segments with fine pubescence. 
Pronotum, length 1.70, width at base 2.82; 
nearly glabrous, strongly shining, punctures 
deep and irregularly placed; a small black 
spot present behind each callus, usually two 
in darkest specimens; basal angles with a 
black spot just inside the narrow, pale mar- 
gins; in darkest specimens, dark lines ex- 
tending along lateral margins of disk; a 
small black spot present just above coxai 
cleft; dark specimens have dark brown rays 
behind black spots on disk. Scutellum 
transversely rugose and sparsely punctate; 
yellowish brown, with apex and dash on 
either side at base paler. Hemelytra strong- 
ly shining, with minute pubescence, nearly 
glabrous; punctures coarse and deep, some- 
what crowded; color rich dark brown, dark- 
er on clavus and at apex of corium; claval 
vein and cubitus pale; embolium translucent 
yellowish except at apex; cuneus translucent 
yellowish, dark brownish to blackish at 
base and on extreme apex. Membrane 
fuliginous, a pale spot present in center and 
on either side just behind apex of cuneus; 
veins at apices of cells and in area border- 
ing apex of cuneus also pale. Legs yellow- 
ish brown, apical halves of posterior femora 
brownish to blackish, with two pale rings 
near each apex; tibiae greenish yellow, each 
apex and spines dark brownish, a dark spot 
on base and, in some cases, a dark stripe; 
tarsi dark brownish, tips blackish. Venter 
yellowish brown, a dark brownish, longi- 
tudinal stripe on either side; some speci- 
mens brownish beneath, thus forming a 
pale stripe beneath dark lateral one. Genital 
claspers, fig. 161, typical for this group, but 
shape of claw on right clasper and internal 
arm on left distinguishes this species. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.70; width 3.40; more 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and general structural characters. 


September, 1941 KnicHT: PLANT Bucs 


Foop PLant.—Goldenrod (Solidago can- 
adensis and perhaps other species of the 
genus). The adults hibernate and come 
forth in early spring to feed on the tender 
goldenrod plants. The eggs are doubtless 
inserted in the goldenrod stems where the 
nymphs appear and feed during July. In 
New York, most of the adults mature by 
the middle of August, and continue to feed 
until the cool September nights make them 
seek hibernation quarters. 

Known Distrisution.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota, Ontario, Wyoming and east- 
ward, perhaps everywhere its host plant 
grows freely. 

Illinois Records.—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 
1¢. AppLte River CANYON STATE PARK: 
July 11, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 16, 29. 
GALEsBuRG: Sept. 13, 1888, 19. Rock 
IsLAND: May 19, 1934, Ross & Mohr, 1 ¢. 
SAVANNA: June 13, 1917, 19. WHITE 
Pines Forest STATE Park: July 12, 1934, 
DeLong & Ross, 1 g. 


Lygus frisoni new species 


This is to be distinguished from oblineatus 
(Say) by its larger size and longer second 
antennal segment; it is smaller than vandu- 
zeei Knight, but the second antennal segment 
is relatively longer than in that species. 

Mate.—Length 6.10, width 3.00. Head 
width, 1.18, vertex 0.48; yellowish without 
dark marks, collum black. Rostrum, length 
2.60, extending to tips of hind coxae, yellow- 
ish, apex black. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.73, yellowish brown, becoming 
blackish beneath; second, 2.20, brownish, 
apical one-fourth -black; third, 1.04, black; 
fourth, 0.91, black. Pronotum, length 1.38, 
width at base 2.38; disk rather coarsely 
punctate; yellowish brown; two small spots 
present behind each callus, large spot at 
either basal angle, and ray behind top of 
coxal cleft, black. Scutellum pale to yellow- 
ish, darker on median line at base; coarsely 
punctate; transversely rugulose. Hemelytra 
punctate, with rather fine pubescence, this 
pubescence more distinct than in vanduzeei; 
pale translucent yellow; apical area of co- 
rium and area on middle of clavus fuscous 
to black. Cuneus pale, translucent; extreme 
tip black. Membrane dark fuscous, veins 
yellowish; marginal spot beyond tip of cu- 
neus and basal half of cells clear. Venter 
very dark brown with a broad lateral, lon- 
gitudinal, yellowish stripe. Legs yellowish 
brown; apical half of each hind femur very 


, OR Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 


151 


dark brown, with three rather irregular, 
pale fasciae on anterior aspect; tibiae pale; 
spot at base and elongate mark just beneath 
black. Genital claspers rather similar to 
those of vanduzeet. 

Holotype, male.—Urbana, IIL: 
1932... He eison. 

Paratype. —Same data as for holotype, 
a 


Sept. 


Lygus hesperus Knight 
Legume Bug 


Lygus elisus hesperus Knight (19174, p. 


575) 

Mace.—Length 6.50. Head width 1.22, 
vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 2.68, slightly 
exceeding posterior margin of hind coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.65, pale 
reddish brown, fuscous on ventral side; sec- 
ond, 2.11, reddish, apex and ventral side at 
base very dark brown; third, 1.00, dark red- 
dish brown to fuscous; fourth, 0.63, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 1.34, width at base 2.30; 
yellowish; outer half of calli and a small 
round spot behind each inner margin, a spot 
within basal and anterior angles of disk, and 
a small spot behind coxal cleft, black. Hem- 
elytra more pallid than yellowish; apex of 
clavus and suture, apical half of corium, 
and tip of embolium, reddish or marked 
with red; cuneus with inner margin and 
apex reddish. Membrane pale, faintly 
shaded with brownish in areas bordering 
veins, a darker mark at inner apical angles 
of larger areoles. Legs yellowish, more or 
less shaded with reddish; two annuli present 
near apex of each femur; tibiae yellowish, 
apices reddish, spines black. Venter fuscous 
beneath, sides yellowish. Genital claspers 
as in fig. 161. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.40. More uniformly 
yellowish than male, pronotum entirely yel- 
low except for a small black dot behind 
inner margin of each callus; hemelytra uni- 
formly pallid, without reddish; markings on 
femora more reduced than in male; venter 
yellow. Rostrum attaining or slightly ex- 
ceeding posterior margins of hind coxae. 

Foop PLiants.—This species is an im- 
portant pest of beans and alfalfa in Idaho 
and Utah and on cotton in Arizona. Shull 
(1933) has published a work on the biology 
and economic status of this species and has 
given it the common name “legume bug.” 

Known DistriputTion.—This is a west- 


152 


ern species that finds its eastern limits of 
distribution in Illinois, Iowa, Michigan and 
Minnesota. 

Illinois Record. — NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
1¢@. 


Lygus atritibialis new species 


This species is allied to hesperus Knight 
and related western species, but is easily to 
be distinguished by its uniformly black an- 
tennae and posterior tibiae, fig. 163. 

Mate.—Length 5.40, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.45; yellow, collum 
black. Rostrum, length 2.30, extending 
slightly beyond hind coxae, yellow, apex very 
dark brown. Antennae uniformly black; 
first segment, length 0.52; second, 1.56; 
third, 0.87; fourth, 0.65. Pronotum, length 
1.25, width at base 2.16; yellow; a lateral, 
submarginal line joining outer half of callus, 
two rays behind each callus (in dark spec- 
imens these rays joining to form a submar- 
ginal line), and ray behind top of coxal cleft, 
black. Scutellum yellow; a geminate mark 
on middle of base, lateral edges and meso- 
scutum, black. Hemelytra pale, translucent 
yellowish; middle of clavus and outer apical 
angle of corium fuscous. Cuneus pale, trans- 


Fig. 163.— Lygus atritibialis, 9. 


Ittinois NaturAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 22, Arte 


lucent; outer margin yellowish, but not 
darker on apex. Membrane pale fuscous, 
veins pale. Dorsum clothed with fine, short, 
pale pubescence. Ventral surface uniformly 
yellow. Legs mostly yellowish, but hind 
femora with two subapical black annuli; 
hind tibiae black; middle and front pairs 
pale, fuscous at apices and each one with a 
black ring at base, spines black; tarsi fus- 
cous, apices and claws very dark brown. 
Genital claspers as in fig. 161. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.20, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.52. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.49; second, 1.51. Slightly 
more robust than male, but very similar in 
coloration; black marks on pronotum usually 
more reduced. 

Foop PLant.—Apparently breeds on 
wormwood (Artemisia canadensis). 

Holotype, male.—Oregon, IIl.: July 4, 
1932, on Artemisia canadensis, Mohr & 
Dozier. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes. —ILLINoIs.—OrEGON: Same 
data as for holotype, 32 ¢ , 48 9. RocKrorp: 
June 11, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 2¢. 
Zion: July 6, 1932, T. H. Frison e¢ al.,1¢. 

MiIcHIGAN.—PENTWATER: July 17, 1916, 
E. Liljeblad, 1 ¢. 

MInNEsoTa.—StT. Pau: St. Anthony 
Park, June 18, 1921, at light, H. H. Knight, 
LO eK: 


Lygus elisus Van Duzee 
Pale Legume Bug 
Lygus pratensis elisus Van Duzee (1914, p. 


20). 


Mare.—Length 4.80-5.80. Head width 
1.20, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 2.11, 
scarcely attaining posterior margins of hind 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.52, 
pale yellowish to brown, very dark brown 
on ventral surface; second, 1.98, dusky 
brown, lower side at base and extreme 
apex darker; third, 0.85, brownish, apex 
fuscous; fourth, 0.60, dusky brown. Prono- 
tum, length 1.40, width at base 2.20; coarse- 
ly, deeply and closely punctate, with minute, 
pale pubescence. General color pale green- 
ish with pronotum and scutellum bright 
green, a small black spot’ present behind 
each callus. Scutellum bright green, two 
black dashes in middle at base; roughly, 
transversely rugose. Mesoscutum black, 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs 


scarcely exposed. Hemelytra pale, trans- 
lucent; clavus with a dusky cloud in middle, 
divided by pale claval vein; apex of corium 
with two small, fuscous patches; cuneus 
pale, extreme tip fuscous; membrane clear, 
veins pale. Legs pale yellowish; femora 
with a wide, fuscous band in middle on ven- 
tral side, also with two annuli near each 
apex; tibiae with a spot on knee and a ring 
just below, fuscous; spines very dark brown. 
Venter yellowish green; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, fig. 161. 

Foop PLAnts.—This species is an im- 
portant pest on beans and altalfa in Idaho, 
Utah and Arizona and perhaps other west- 
ern states. Shull (1933) has discussed the 
biological and economic status of this spe- 
cies and has given it the common name “pale 
legume bug.” 

Known DistrisuTion.—This is a west- 
tern species which migrated eastward dur- 
ing the drought years of 1930 to 1936. It is 
now known from Illinois, lowa, Minnesota 
and all the states westward. 

Illinois Record.—I.uinors: 19. 


Lygus plagiatus Uhler 


Lygus plagiatus Uhler (1895, p. 35). 

Mate.—Length 5.30, width 2.80. More 
robust than oblineatus (Say). General color 
black with greenish yellow mottling; head 
and anterior part of pronotum yellowish or 
olive green, hemelytra irregularly mottled 
with black and less dark spots. Right 
genital clasper distinctive, fig. 161. 

FEMALE.—Slightly more robust than male 
and usually not so dark in color; second 
antennal segment shorter; pronotum yel- 
lowish, black rays behind calli frequently not 
reaching black basal margin; venter green- 
ish yellow, blackish on the vagina exterior, 
dark specimens with black more extended. 

Foop PLants.—Giant ragweed (A mbro- 
sia trifida); a few Illinois specimens were 
collected on fleabane (Erigeron sp.), smart- 
weed (Polygonum sp.), willow (Salix 
sp.) and hickory (Carya glabra). The last is 
undoubtedly a “sitting” record. 

Illinois Records.—One hundred thirty- 
one males and 107 females, taken Feb. 12 
to Dec. 1, are from Algonquin, Allerton, 
Alton, Anna, Antioch, Apple River Canyon 
State Park, Ashley, Beardstown, Bloom- 
ington, Borton, Browns, Calvin, Carbon- 
dale, Champaign, Charleston, Danville, 
Darwin, Decatur, De Soto, Dubois, East 


, oR Miripak, OF ILLINOIS 


153 


Dubuque, East St. Louis, Elizabeth, Eliza- 
bethtown, Forest City, Fountain Bluff, 
Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Grand 
Tower, Harvard, Havana, Hillsboro, Hills- 
dale, Homer Park, Kansas, Kappa, Keiths- 
burg, Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Monticello, 
Mounds, Muncie, Murphysboro, Niota, 
Oakwood, Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, 
Parker, Pekin, Philadelphia, Prophetstown, 
Quincy, Rock Island, Rockford, Rockton, St. 
Francisville, St. Joseph, Sherman, Starved 
Rock State Park, Springfield, Urbana, War- 
saw, Waukegan, West Pullman, White 
Heath, White Pines Forest State Park, 
Willow Springs, York. 


Lygus rubicundus (Fallen) 


Phytocoris rubicundus Fallen (1829, p. 92). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 2.14. Ovate, 
robust. General color dark reddish brown 
to fuscous; second antennal segment shorter 
than width of head; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive for species, fig. 161. 

FEMALE.—Very similar to male in struc- 
ture, but usually not so darkly colored. 

Hosr Piants.—Peach-leaved 
(Salix amygdaloides); occurs also to some 
extent on other willows. 


willow 


Known DIstTRIBUTION.—A common, 
Holarctic species. 
Illinois Records.—Seventy-four males 


and 70 females, taken April 15 to Nov. 15, 
are from Alton, Antioch, Beardstown, 
Bloomington, Browns, Cairo, Carbondale, 
Chicago, Dongola, Elizabeth, Elizabeth- 
town, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Geff, 
Golconda, Grafton, Grand Detour, Grand 
Tower, Harrisburg, Hatton, Havana, Her- 
od, Hopedale, Kankakee, Lilly, Marshall, 
Meredosia, Monticello, Mount Carmel, 
Oquawka, Oregon, Putnam, Quincy, Rock- 
ford, Savanna, Springfield, Starved Rock 
State Park, Thebes, Urbana, Volo, West 
Union, White Pines Forest State Park, 


York. 


Lygus pabulinus (Linnaeus) 


Cimex pabulinus Linnaeus (1761, p. 253). 

Mave.—Length 5.50, width 2.00; body 
elongate. General color pale green or 
greenish yellow, frequently fading to dull 
yellowish; carina of vertex indistinct in 
middle; a fuscous Y-shaped mark formed 
at extreme anal area of membrane; usually 
a spot present within apices of areoles, and 


154 


a longitudinal cloud extending beyond ar- 
eoles to tip of membrane. Genital claspers 
as in fig. 161. 

Femate. — Length 6.10, width 
slightly larger and more robust than male, 
but not differing in coloration. 

Host Prant.—Touch-me-not ([mpatiens 
biflora). 

Known DistripuTionN. — Europe and 
Boreal America; apparently Holarctic in 
distribution. 

Illinois Records—FEight males and 11 
females, taken May 7 to Oct. 6, are from 
Antioch, Bloomington, Bowmanville, Du- 
bois, Elizabethtown, Evanston, Fountain 


Bluff, Herod, Karnak. 


D2: 


Heke y 


Lygus campestris (Linnaeus) 


Cimex campestris Linnaeus (1758, p. 448). 

Matre.—Length 4.10, width 1.77. Ovate, 
rather small. General color greenish brown 
or brownish yellow with fuscous areas; 
scutellum bright yellow or green; genital 
claspers, fig. 161, distinctive for species. 

FEMALE.—Slightly more robust than 
male; second antennal segment more slen- 
der; very similar to male in coloration. 

Foon PLAnts.—Poison hemlock (Conium 
maculatum) and other plants of the family 
Umbelliferae; Illinois specimens have been 
collected on wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) 
and cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum). Re- 
ported in Massachusetts and New Bruns- 
wick as a pest on celery plants. 

Known DistripuTion.—Common in the 
northern states and Canada; Holarctic in 
distribution. 

Illinois Records. — Seventy-one males 
and 83 females, taken April 12 to Oct. 9, 
are from Algonquin, Allerton, Antioch, 
Browns, Champaign, Elizabeth, Lawrence- 
ville, Oregon, Palos Park, St. Joseph, Sey- 
mour, Spring Grove, Urbana, Waukegan, 
Willow Springs, Worth. 


Lygus apicalis Fieber 

Lygus apicalis Fieber (1861, p. 275). 

Lygus Carolinae Reuter (1876, p. 71). 

Lygus carolinae Reuter has remained an 
enigma to American Hemipterists up to the 
present time. Mr. W. L. McAtee visited 
the Stockholm museum in 1927 and at the 
writer's request examined the type of caro- 
linae and drew the genital claspers. These 
distinctive structures leave no doubt about 


ILtinois NaturAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Artat 


the identity of the species and its synonymy 
with apicalis Fieber. 

Mate.—Length 4.50-5.00, width 2.00; 
body oblong; head broad, width 1.12, vertex 
0.29, eyes unusually large. General color 
greenish, dark green, or yellowish green; 
membrane, and, in some cases, corium, 
marked with fuscous; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive for species, fig. 161. 

FEeMALE.—Length 4.60, width 2.05; width 
of head 1.05, vertex 0.37; uniformly green 
or greenish yellow; eyes dark brown; tip 
of tarsi and apex of rostrum very dark 
brown. 

Host Prant.—Fleabane (Erigeron cana- 
densis). 

Known Distrizution.— Throughout the 
eastern United States, and known also from 
Europe, Mexico, Central America and is- 
lands of the Pacific. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-seven males 
and 32 females, taken June 24 to Nov. 11, 
are from Cypress, Grand Tower, Hardin, 
Lawrenceville, McClure, Monticello, 
Mounds, Quincy, Shawneetown, Ullin, Ur- 
bana, Villa Ridge, Ware. 


Neolygus Knight 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Pronotal disk greenish, or yellowish 
to brownish, but without distinct 


dark tavs..¢. .. 22 eee 2 
Pronotal disk black or marked with 
dark rays....). 8. 23 


i) 


Color chiefly greenish, old specimens 
frequently fading to yellowish; 
sometimes darkened on clavus and 
at tip of corium, but ground color 


green. i... hoes 3 
Color distinctly yellowish or brownish, 
more brownish than green........ 9 


3. Tibial spines with fuscous spots at 
base; cortum never infuscated, but 
inner half faintly bronzed; clavus 
and basal half of pronotum usually 


bronzed (i... eee alni, p. 157 
Tibial spines without fuscous spots at 
base... 21... S04) Se 4 


4. Dorsum uniformly greenish, with a 
small, fuscous mark beginning at 
inner apical angles of corrum and 
extending transversely across anal 
area of membrane; length 5.20- 
DLO > At ean eee neglectus, p. 162 


September, 1941 


~I 


11. 


Dorsum partly brownish; apical area 
of corium and usually clavus dis- 
tinctly brownish, sometimes dark 
brown or even fuscous............ 5 


. Membrane with apical half infuscated 


along median line, this darkened 
area forming a distinct, longitudinal 
ray which may be widened apically; 
corlum with a triangular dark 
brownish spot just before apex, 
clavus usually brownish; length 
EHOO GIO fee ss + oh belfragii, p. 162 
Membrane never forming a median, 
longitudinal fuscous ray; smaller 
CUTS ea ccleaner 6 


Apical one-fifth of second antennal 
Sepment infuscated............... 
canadensis var. canadensis, p. 164 

Second antennal segment uniformly 
SELENE Cie Oe gee Me i oe 7 


Scutellum partly fuscous; clavus also 
more or less darkened; corium with 
a triangular dark patch before apex 
Me TT 3S lathe eS op + a tiliae, p. 161 
Scutellum pale; clavus and apex of 
corium usually darkened......... 8 


Area of clavus bordering scutellum 
dark brown;apical half of membrane 
clear, a fuscous spot at margin 
either side of middle, a spot also 
Dotdering tip of cuneus....-;.... 
A ee inconspicuus, p. 161 

Area of clavus bordering commissure 
as well as along scutellum dark 
brown; apical half of membrane 
rather uniformly infuscated...... 
Oe ot te he's clavigenitalis, p. 163 

Rostrum scarcely attaining apices of 
intermediate coxae; color rich yel- 
lowish brown, darker on clavus and 


Spex @tecorium: ©. 3.25.8. 5220... 10 
Rostrum extending beyond apices of 
intermediate coxae............... 11 


Second antennal segment darkened 
at apex, its length greater than 
width of pronotum at basal margin 
Soe cared bi Se Lt viburni, p. 159 

Second antennal segment not in- 
fuscated, its length less than width 
of pronotum at base. .nyssae, p. 164 


Apical half of tylus black; two reddish 
bands present near apices of hind 
femora; sides of body red......... 
MenP ic. Meee elo rds EL atritylus, p. 157 

Tylus not black, or, if so, then body 
and bands on femora not reddish. .12 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miriwaz, or ILLINOIS 


a2. 


13: 


14. 


15, 


16. 


18. 


19. 


155 


Hind femora without two distinct 
bands near apices; when dark, paler 
only at tip; second antennal seg- 
ment rarely darkened, if so, bands 
on-femmora tadistie ta .aG ee. ro 13 

Hind femora with distinct dark or 
light bands near apices; second an- 
tennal segment darkened apically. .21 


Scutellum dark, with a pale, median 
stripe on apical half; dorsum dark 
greenish brown to almost black, a 
lateral, dark fuscous stripe extend- 
ing full length of body; femora dark 
with pale tips........ invitus, p. 157 

Scutellum sometimes dark, but with- 
out any indication of a pale median 
Hise niet Aa o ae, staan ts Ea a 14 


Color distinctly reddish; head, pro- 
notum, femora and veins of mem- 
bratie. Ted sce ce) Ac tinctus, p. 157 

Colonnot reddish).tec. 62. hes cae 15 


Hemelytra uniformly rich brownish, 
or brownish pink; clavus and apical 
half of hemelytra not appreciably 
darkercae tel eee eee Mees Se 16 

Hemelytra not uniformly colored; 
clavus and apical half of corium 
darker than scutellum and _ basal 
halfolcersatn.. 2504. co eee 18 


Hemelytra and femora brownish pink; 
membrane distinctly darkened... . 
peer os te > ad rs fagi, p. 161 

Hemelytra reddish yellow brown to 
black, or uniformly rich brownish; 
membrane darkened, or uniformly 


Ive loys it ee okie neste Se ee aoe te iW 


. Dorsal prongs of left genital clasper 


parallel or converging at tips, fig. 

1 Roy RAN Eee ate ee ie hirticulus, p. 163 
Dorsal prongs of left genital clasper 

divergent at tips, fig. 164.25 ..<:.: 

rae ears ats Ab eee OR geminus, p. 163 


Second antennal segment darkened 
aupteallyii (Gra aa eine I mean Lg 

Second antennal segment uniformly 
colored, never distinctly darkened 
aploallyis nt a aes Ae ote g 20 


Length 4.70-5.00; female vertex dis- 
tinctly wider than dorsal width of 
an eye; male left genital clasper 
with basal spine shorter and more 
slender than posterior spine, fig. 164 
Bie teas Ga Alt BPE PERO carpini, p. 164 

Length 5.50-6.00; female vertex nar- 
rower than dorsal width of an eye; 
_male left genital clasper with basal 


20. 


$)3) 


Ittinois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


spine longer and stouter than pos- 


terior spine, fig. 164. .ostryae, p. 164 


Length of second antennal segment 
scarcely exceeding width of poster- 
ior margin of pronotum; rostrum 
scarcely attaining apices of hind 
coxae; hemelytra greenish yellow 
with apical spot on cortum and 
inner margins of clavus dark brown- 
ish: tovalmost. black.27 <> Sy ese. 

Se re clavigenitalis, p. 163 

Length of second antennal segment 
much exceeding width of posterior 
margin of pronotum; rostrum ex- 
tending slightly beyond apices of 
hind coxae; clavus and corium dark 
Drowns 200: geneseensis, p. 159 


21. Pale greenish yellow; clavus and large 


spot on apical half of cortum very 
dark brown; femora greenish yellow, 
with faint, fuscous bands near 
ADICES CN 2 cnihs/ ie ac Una Rae aera 
canadensis var. canadensis, p. 164 


Color yellowish to brownish; apical 
half of cortum brownish, but this 
colored area not forming a definite 
spot; femora brownish or reddish. .22 


. Femora and, usually, sides of body 


distinctly reddish; hind femora with 
dark reddish bands before apices. . 
Se ete quercalbae, p. 160 
Bee and sides of body dark brown 
to fuscous; hind femora with dark 
brown henge before apicesneiaw 
Eten phe ORS? omnivagus, p. 163 
Pronotal disk dark, but without dis- 


RUNG EGA VIS. iti gy hors ae Was te ea 24 
Pronotal disk with distinct, dark rays 
or spots behind calli. Bo kee 27 


Sides of body and hind femora dis- 
tinctly reddish; femora with pete 
and dark red bands near apices. . 

Pew tKS a aie deegieg or quercalbae, p. 160 

Sides of body and femora not reddish. 25 


. Hind femora black, with paler bands 


near apices; hemelytra black, costal 
margin scarcely paler, cuneus clear, 
apexidarks ..c6 ls Wael coer 
pee ewe caryae var. caryae, p. 161 
Hind femora greenish to brownish, 
without subapical bands.......... 26 
Embolium greenish, clavus and inner 
half of corium dark fuscous to al- 
mostiblacks 3). 10 tiliae, Pp: 161 
Embolium scarcely paler than corium, 
hemelytra and whole dorsum nearly 


30. 


So: 


34. 


Vol. 22; Art. d 


uniformly dark brown............ 
sige oy eae hirticulus, p. 163 


. Hind femora with two dark brown or 


pale bands near apices............ 28 
Apical halves of hind :emora dark 

brown to black, but without two 

distinct bands, pale only at apices .32 


. First and second antennal segments 


black; embolium, outer half of 
corium and cuneus, pale and trans- 
lucent] 2%...) =) arene johnsoni, p. 162 
First antennal segment pale or only 
slightly brownish; apex of embol- 
ium and outer half of cortum dark- 
ened; if not, then first antennal seg- 
ment distinctly pale. 72) 2 aaeme 29 


29. Sides of body and usually hind femora 


distinctly reddish. .communis, p. 159 
Sides of body and femora not reddish . 30 


Embolium and basal half of corium 
pale, a large black spot on apical 
half of corium; clavus and a nearly 
quadrate spot behind each callus 
black; calli and areas just anterior 
to them not black. 1.2232 
canadensis var. binotatus, p. 164 

Embolium usually darkened apically; 
if not, then calli and areas just an- 
terior to them black. .... 2222 ae 31 


. Apex of median line of scutellum and 


all but cuneus of hemelytra dark 
brown to black..:..... 32 ee 
A caryae var. caryae, p. 161 
Scutellum and basal half of coritum 
and embolium distinctly pale..... 
BO caryae var. subfuscus, p. 161 


. Scutellum with a darkened median 


line; apex and inner margin of 

cuneus, femora and variable areas 

on sides of body, reddish......... 

Soe hae cds pcan baa univittatus, p. 160 
Scutellum never with a dark brown 

median line... ..:)%: 522 eee 33 


Pronotal disk with small fuscous mark 
behind each callus; venter dark 
brown, with a pale, lateral stripe. . . 
Saale Thee ® semivittatus, p. 163 

Pronotal disk with distinct black ray 
or spot behind each callus; venter 
without pale, lateral stripe........ 34 


Pronotal disk with two conspicuous, 
nearly square black spots, one be- 
hind each callus; ground color yel- 
lowish brown; hind femora black 
except at tips. . .atrinotatus, p. 162 


September, 1941 


A black stripe traversing outer half 
of each callus and extending to 
posterior margin of pronotal disk; 
ground color pale yellowish, with 
clavus and apices of corium and 
embolium black... vitticollis, p. 162 


Neolygus invitus (Say) 


Capsus invitus Say (1832, p. 24). 

Mave.—Length 5.00, width 2.00. Gen- 
eral color dark greenish with fuscous or 
black areas; a lateral, fuscous stripe ex- 
tending full length of body, including genital 
segment; apical half of scutellum with a 
pale, median vitta; disk of pronotum dark 
brown or black, but never with two distinct 
rays, as in communis Knight; genital clasp- 
ers distinctive for species, fig. 164. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.10, width 2.20; slight- 
ly more robust than male, very similar in 
coloration, but in general lighter colored, 
with pale vitta on scutellum longer. 

Foop Priant.—American elm (Ulmus 
americana) ; a single specimen was collected 
in Illinois on hickory (Carya sp.). 

Known DistripuTION.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, 
Ohio, Vermont. 

Illinois Records.—I.irNois: June 21, 
692, 29. Dusois: May 21, 1917, 14. 
ELIZABETHTOWN: May 27-31, 1932, on elm, 
H. L. Dozier, 10 3,69. FRANKForRT: June 
8, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 2¢, 99. 
Mount CarMet: May 27, 1884, on leaves 
of Carya sp., 19. Muncie: June 8, 1917, 
19. SAVANNA: June 1, 1917, 19 ; June 12, 
17,338,192. 


Neolygus tinctus new species 


This species is distinguished from allied 
ones by its smaller size and reddish colora- 
tion; it apparently is most closely related to 
invitus (Say). 

Mate.—Length 4.76, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.99, vertex 0.30. Rostrum yellowish, 
apex reddish brown, length 1.56, extending 
slightly beyond middle of hind coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.44, yellowish 
brown; second, 1.56, yellowish, becoming 
dusky at apex. Pronotum reddish; basal half 
of disk fuscous; calli dusky brown; median 
line of side of pronotum paler just behind 
calli. Propleuron pale about coxal cleft. 
Scutellum yellowish, with many red flecks in 


KwnicHTt: PLant Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINoIs 


157 


hypodermis. Hemelytra reddish to fuscous, 
with clavus and apical half of corium dis- 
tinctly fuscous; cuneus pale, flecked with 
red about margins; membrane pale, with red 
veins and with areas within areoles and 
along margin behind cuneus fuscous. Dor- 
sum clothed with fine, yellowish, recumbent 
pubescence; pronotum and scutellum mi- 
nutely regulose, as in allied species. Venter 
of body pale yellowish, tinged with reddish 
and shaded with fuscous; sides of thorax 
dusky. Legs yellowish green, hypodermis of 
femora rather uniformly colored with bright 
red; tarsi darkened. Genital claspers distinc- 
tive, fig. 164; form nearest to invitus, but 
left clasper thicker at base and right clasper 
with a much more prominent, protuberant 
shoulder at middle. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.63, width 2.20. Head 
with frons, tylus and juga bright red. An- 
tennae yellowish, first segment becoming 
reddish at apex, third and fourth segments 
dusky; first segment, length 0.47; second, 
1.47; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.34. More robust 
than male, and very similar in coloration, 
although with less fuscous shading on prono- 
tum and hemelytra. 

Holotype, male. — Morgan County, 
Ind.: June 10, 1933, on Gleditsia triacan- 
thos, P. O. Musgrave, Kc. 

Allotype, female. — ILiinois. — Er- 
CHORN, Hick’s BrancH: June 13, 1934, 
DeLong & Ross. 


Neolygus atritylus Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) atritylus Knight (19174, 
p. 606). 


No Illinois specimens; known from Colo- 


rado, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New 
York, Vermont. Feeds on willow (Salix 
sp.). 


Neolygus alni Knight 

Lygus (Neolygus) alni Knight (19174, p. 
607). 

Mave.—Length 5.50-6.00, width 2.00. 
Head width 1.00, vertex 0.33. Rostrum, 
length 1.88, just attaining posterior margins 
of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.64; second, 2.02, yellowish to 
brownish, its apex not strongly infuscated; 
third, 1.04; fourth, 0.74. Pronotum, length 
0.86, width at base 1.57. Color medium 
green to light green, fading to yellowish in 
old specimens; clavus, scutellum and basal 


158 Ittrnois NaturaL History SurvEY BULLETIN Vol. 22, Ante 


A A 
Cc 
S B 
) \ 
itt 


CARYAE i VITTICOLLIS 


INVITUS INCONSPICUUS V/BURN/ UNIVITTATUS 


3 
ATRITYLUS *' 


CLAVIGENITALIS  \,| yey ye Pere 
: ‘ Alilf 
i | ik Cum 
ifr OSTRYAE \i 
JOHNSON X OMNIVAGUS 
wh) 
aie: \, 
SS of 
( —~ A 
~ TINCTUS Beane 


Fig. 164.—Male genital claspers of Neolygus. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; B, left clasper, 
dorsal aspect; C, right clasper, ventral aspect. 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs 


half of pronotal disk usually distinctly 
bronzed. Membrane slightly smoky, with 
apical part of cells and a narrow transverse 
spot at apex of cuneus darker, veins pale to 
dusky. Legs greenish, each tibial spine with 
fuscous spot at base. Venter bright green 
to yellowish green. Genital claspers, fig. 164, 
distinctive for species. 

FemMacLe.—Length 5.50, width 1.95. Form, 
color and pubescence very similar to those 
of male. 

Host PLant.—Alder (Alnus incana). 

Known DistriputTion.—lIllinois, Minne- 
sota, New Hampshire, New York, Nova 
Scotia, Quebec. 

Illinois Record.—HeErop: June 20, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. 


Neolygus geneseensis Knight 

Lygus (Neolygus) geneseensis Knight (19174, 
p. 609). 

Mave.—Length 5.00, width 2.05. General 
color yellowish brown to dark brown and 
fuscous. Allied to viburni Knight, having 
much the same color, but differs in being 
slightly smaller, having a longer rostrum 
and differently shaped genital claspers, fig. 
164. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.90, width 2.10; very 
similar to male, but more uniformly yellow- 
ish brown; distinguished from wiburni by 
having uniformly yellowish antennae, and 
by the rostrum, which extends to posterior 
margins of hind coxae. 

Foop PLants.—White oak 
alba) and post oak (Q. stellata). 

Known Distrinution. — Georgia, IIli- 
nois, Jowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New 
York, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 


(Quercus 


Illinois Records.—Fifteen males and 13 
females, taken May 25 to July 4, are from 
Beach, Charleston, Elizabethtown, Frank- 
fort, Galena, Geff, Grand Detour, Harvard, 
Marshall, Oakwood, Palos Park, St. Joseph, 
White Heath, White Pines Forest State 
Park. 


Neolygus viburni Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) viburni Knight (19172, 
p. 609). 
Mavre.—Length 5.20, width 2.08; width 
of head 1.03, vertex 0.38. Rostrum short, its 
apex scarcely attaining posterior margins 


of mesocoxae. Similar to omnivagus 


, OR Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 


159 


Knight, but is smaller and more yellow- 
ish brown than that species. It also is closely 
related to geneseensis Knight, but is more 
robust and has a shorter rostrum; the apical 
half of the second antennal segment is dark- 
ened, and the general coloration is a richer 
yellowish brown. Claspers, fig. 164, distinc- 
tive for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 2.28; very 
similar to male in coloration, but usually 
not so dark. 

Foop Prant.—Sheepberry (Viburnum 
lentago). In New York state this bug often 
occurs in such numbers that foliage of its 
host is badly injured. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, 
Ohio, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records.—GALENA: 
1932, Dozier & Mohr, 1¢, 19. 
BURG: July 16, 1892,29. 


June 30, 
GALES- 


Neolygus communis Knight 
Pear Plant Bug 


Lygus (Neolygus) communis Knight (19164, 
p. 346). 


This species, fig. 165, is suggestive of 
invitus (Say), but may easily be distin- 
guished from it by the two black rays on the 
disk of the pronotum, the reddish lateral 
stripe on the body and the larger size. 

Mate.—Length 5.50, width 2.30. Anten- 
nae with second segment dark brownish to 
fuscous, sometimes with basal half paler; 
third dark brown; fourth fuscous. Prono- 
tum greenish, darkened with brown on 
basal half; two black rays on disk, one be- 
hind each callus and, in the darkest speci- 
mens, extending across calli, widened behind 
and nearly reaching hind margin. Scutellum 
gréenish, darkened with brown; rarely with 
a longitudinal, median, fuscous line. Hem- 
elytra dark brown to fuscous, darker on 
apical half of corium and across tip of em- 
bolium; cuneus clear, tinged with yellow, 
extreme tip sometimes slightly darkened; 
membrane darkened. Legs greenish to yel- 
lowish, posterior femora and often interme- 
diate femora with two reddish annulations 
near each apex; frequently entire apical 
halves reddish. Venter pale greenish with a 
broad, lateral band and the genital segment 
dark brownish red; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive for species, fig. 164. 

FEeMALE.—Length 5.40, width 2.40. More 


160 


robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Foop PLants AND Hapsits.—Breeds on 
dogwoods (Cornus stolonifera, C. paniculata 
and C. alternifolia) and cultivated pear 
(Pyrus communis); also reared from win- 
terberry (J/ex verticillata). ‘The nymphs 
hatch when the leaves unfold and they feed 


i a 


A v\ 


SX 
Ss ly 
= f 
j t 
t 
4 


Fig. 165.— Neolygus communis, 9°. 


on this tender foliage. On pears, the nymphs 
attack the young fruit as soon as it forms 
and continue to feed on it in preference 
to the leaves. All pears thus punctured be- 
come knotty and scarred. to such an extent 
that the fruit is unsalable. The nymphs are 
green, closely matching the color of the 
young fruit; this makes it difficult to see 
them. The nymphs mature in about 24 days, 
or, usually, by the middle of June in central 
Illinois. The adults, likewise, prefer to 
feed on the pears and contribute further to 
the destruction of the fruit. In New York, 
the author observed that the adult bugs were 
active agents in distributing pear blight 
among the trees, the blight developing about 
feeding punctures made by the bugs. Ovi- 
position occurs during the last week of June 
and up to the middle of July in New York, 
a few individuals probably laying after that 
date. The eggs are inserted under the bark 
of the new cambium layer (Knight 1915); 


ItLtIno1is NatTurRAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


in one place six eggs were found deposited 
in a mass. Most of the males die by the 
middle of July, but many females live until 
the end of that month. There is only one 
brood annually; the winter is passed in the 
egg stage and the nymphs appear again in 
the spring at the time the leaves unfold. In 
Nova Scotia a smaller, more slender form, 
variety novascotiensis Knight (191l6a, p. 
349), is an important pest on apple fruit. 

Known DistripuTion.—Colorado and 
Idaho northward to Alberta and Minnesota, 
eastward to Ontario and Maine and south- 
ward to North Carolina. 

Illinois Records.—ANTIocH: Aug. 1, 
1924, T. H. Frison, 1 9 ; July 5-7, 1932, T. 
H. Frison, on Ilex verticillata, 42, 209. 
FRANKForRT: June 8, 1933, Mohr & Town- 
send, 3@. Quincy: June 11-30, 1883, low- 
lands, 19. St. JosEPpH: June 17, 1932, 
T. H. Frison, 1¢. 


Neolygus univittatus Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) univittatus Knight (19176, 
p. 623). 

Known only from New York, but inten- 
sive collecting on its host plant, hawthorn 
(Crataegus sp.), should extend its recorded 
range. 


Neolygus quercalbae Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) quercalbae Knight (19174, 
p. 624). 


Mate.—Length 5.70, width 2.40. Re- 
sembles omnivagus Knight, but is deeper 
reddish brown, more robust, and has a pale 
stripe on either side of venter; similar to 
semivittatus Knight in coloration of venter, 
but does not have distinct, fuscous spots be- 
hind calli and is more red in color; genital 
claspers, fig. 164, distinctive. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.60, width 2.60; more 
robust than male, but very similar in colora- 
tion; larger and more reddish than ozmni- 
vagus and semivittatus; distinguished from 
them by the distinctly reddish hind femora 
and sides of body. 

Foop PLANT.—White oak (Quercus 
alba) on which it is often very abundant. 
This species has been collected on peach 
trees and hickory (Carya ovata) along with 
N. caryae Knight, but breeds only on white 
oak so far as the writer has been able to de- 
termine. The nymphs hatch with the burst- 
ing of the buds and feed thereafter on the 


September, 1941 


tender foliage. In times of rain or cold 
weather the nymphs retreat under the bud 
scales which remain on the trees. Up to the 
fourth instar the nymphs are greenish yel- 
low, but later they become tinged with 
pink; in the last instar the wing pads be- 
come brownish while the body is pink. In 
western New York the nymphs are develop- 
ing during May and usually begin maturing 
during the first week of June; the adults 
may remain on the trees up to the middle of 
July. Eggs are laid mostly in late June and 
early July in the oak twigs; there they pass 
the winter, and the nymphs come forth with 
the bursting of the buds the following 
spring. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, 
Ontario, Virginia, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Twenty males and 18 
females, taken May 9 to July 6, are from 
Algonquin, Antioch, Beach, Cedar Lake, 
Dongola, Dubois, Elizabeth, Frankfort, Ga- 
lena, Glen Ellyn, Goreville, Grand Detour, 
Harvard, Meredosia, Oregon, St. Anne, Sa- 
vanna, Urbana, Willow Springs, Zion. 


Neolygus fagi Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) fagi Knight (1917, p. 
603). 


Not as yet collected in Illinois; known 
from Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New 


York, Ohio, Vermont. Feeds on _ beech 
(Fagus grandifolia) and birch (Betula 
lutea). 


Neolygus inconspicuus Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) Knight 
(19174, p. 612). 

Mate.—Length 4.50, width 2.08. Gen- 
eral color pale greenish; a transverse brown- 
ish spot at apex of corium and on area oi 
clavus bordering scutellum; in general ap- 
pearance, resembling filiae Knight and cla- 
vigenitalis Knight, but differing greatly from 
those species in form of genital claspers, 
fig. 164. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 2.25; very 
similar to male in size and coloration; simi- 
lar in size and general appearance to cla- 
vigenitalis and tiliae; distinguished from the 
latter by the pale scutellum, and from the 
former by being more greenish with a paler 
scutellum. 


incons picuus 


KNIGHT: PLANT BuGs, or Miripagz, oF ILLINOIS 


161 


Foop PLtant.—Muscadine grape (Vitis 
rotundifolia). 

Known Distripution.—Connecticut, 
Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Maryland, 
Michigan, Minnesota, New York, North 
Carolina, Oklahoma, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—NortHERN ILLINOIS: 
June, 19. Atpripce: May 8, 1932, H. L. 
Dozier, 19. ExizaBeTH: July 6, 1917,1¢. 
FREEPORT: July 4, 1917, 1 ¢. Orgcon: June 
June 11, 1933, Mohr & Townsend, 19. 
WILLow Sprincs: July 3, 1904, W. J. Ger- 
hard, 19, FM. 


Neolygus tiliae Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) tiliae Knight (19174, p. 
LS) 


Mare.—Length 4.60, width 1.74; rather 
small, scarcely as large as invitus (Say). 
General color greenish yellow, with base of 
pronotum darker, and scutellum, clavus and 
corium dark fuscous to black. Genital 
claspers distinctive, fig. 164. 

Femate.—Length 5.00, width 2.00. 
Lighter colored than male and_ usually 
slightly larger; pronotum yellowish, scutel- 
lum and clavus only slightly darkened, apex 
of corium with a triangular dark patch, 
much resembling belfragii (Reuter) in this 
respect; similar in size and general appear- 
ance to inconspicuus Knight and clavigeni- 
talis Knight; distinguished from inconspi- 
cuus by having front of head more conic 
and scutellum darker; clavigenitalis differs 
from this species in being generally more 
brownish with a paler scutellum. 

Foop PLant.—Linden (Tilia americana). 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Minnesota, 
New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, 
Vermont. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-seven males and 
53 females, taken June 8 to July 19, are 
from Algonquin, Antioch, Elizabeth, Frank- 
fort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, Kamps- 
ville, Monticello, Oregon, Urbana, Wauke- 
gan. 


Neolygus caryae Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) caryae Knight (19174, p. 
5): 
Mate.—Length 4.80—-5.70, width 2.10. 
General color varying from dark brown or 


black to yellowish brown with more promi- 
nent dark areas on pronotum and apex of 


162 


hemelytra. Paler brown forms suggest 
omnivagus Knight. Genital claspers distinc- 
tive, fig. 164. 

FemALE.—Length 5.00-6.30, width 2.30; 
more robust than male, frequently with 
brownish yellow areas between the calli and 
over posterior part of disk. 

Specimens which are towards the pale end 
of the series with a more or less prominently 
banded effect represent the variety subfuscus 
Knight (1917, p. 616); they resemble om- 
nivagus in coloration. Specimens that show 
all ranges of color have been taken in Illi- 
nois, frequently both extremes and the inter- 
grades together on the same tree. 

Foop Piants.—Hickory (Carya ovata) 
and pecan (C. illinoensis). Also, single Illi- 
nois specimens were taken on locust (Rodi- 
nia pseudoacacia), oak (Quercus sp.) and 
red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). There is 
no evidence that they fed on these hosts. 

Of recent years this species has been re- 
ported several times as causing “cat-facing” 
on peaches in New York and Ohio. The 
species may breed on nearby hickory trees 
and, when mature, fly to the peach trees 
where they puncture and feed upon the 
young fruits. 

Known DistriguTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, 
Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, 
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, 
Texas. 

Illinois Records.—-Sixty-two males and 
58 females, taken May 15 to July 6, are 
from Antioch, Bluff Springs, Dubois, Eliza- 
bethtown, Fox Lake, Frankfort, Freeport, 
Galena, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, Goreville, 
Grand Detour, Grayslake, Hardin, Har- 
vard, Havana, Kampsville, Manito, Mere- 
dosia, Oquawka, Rockford, Savanna, Sey- 
mour, Urbana, Waukegan, White Pines 
Forest State Park, Zion. 


Neolygus atrinotatus Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) atrinotatus Knight (19174, 
p. 617). 
Known from District of Columbia, North 
Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania; not yet col- 
lected in Illinois. 


Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter) 


Lygus vitticollis Reuter (1876, p. 71). 
Mare.—Length 5.80, width 2.48; elon- 


gate, easily separated from other species by 


Ittrnois NaTurAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Aréag 


its large size and distinct black markings. 
General color pale yellowish, with two rays 
on pronotum; clavus, apical halves of poste- 
rior femora, and apices of corium and of 
embolium, black; rostrum reaching only in- 
termediate coxae; genital claspers, fig. 164, 
distinctive. 

FEMALE.—More robust than male, but 
not differing in coloration. 

Foop PLANts.—Sugar maple (Acer sac- 
charum), red maple (4. rubrum) and sil- 
ver maple (4. saccharinum). 

Known DistrinuTion.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minne- 
sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- 
tario. In the original description Reuter 
gave Texas as the type locality for vitticollis, 
but Mr. W. L. McAtee examined the type 
in the Stockholm Museum in 1927 and re- 
ported that it was labeled “N. Y.” 

Illinois Records——Twenty-four males 
and 37 females, taken May 11 to July 1, are 
from Algonquin, Antioch, Carlinville, Mere- 
dosia, Mount Carmel, Normal, Oakwood, 
Oquawka, Savanna, Urbana, White Heath. 


Neolygus neglectus Knight ' 


Lygus (Neolygus) neglectus Knight (19174, 
p. 619). 

Known from Alabama northward to 
Maine and westerly from Louisiana, Missis- 
sippi, Ohio. This species has not as yet been 
taken in Illinois, but it should be found here 
eventually. Feeds on American hornbeam 
(Car pinus caroliniana). 


Neolygus johnsoni Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) johnsoni Knight (19172, 
p. 629). 


No Illinois specimens; known from New 
York, Ohio, Virginia. Feeds on hornbeam 
(Car pinus caroliniana). 


Neolygus belfragii (Reuter) 


Lygus belfragii Reuter (1876, p. 71). 

Mate.—Length 5.80, width 2.30; elon- 
gate. General color green or greenish yel- 
low; clavus brownish, tinged with fuscous 
and bronze; apex of corium with a tri- 
angular fuscous or blackish patch, mem- 
brane with a median, longitudinal, fuscous 
area; genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.50—5.80; similar to 
male in coloration, but more robust. 


~~ a a ae 


ro 


——e 


September, 1941 


Hosr PLants.—Breeds on Acer spicatum 
and Viburnum acerifolium. 

Known DistrisuTion.—lllinois, Maine, 
Minnesota, New York, Ontario, Pennsyl- 
vania, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Record.—Dotson: July 18, 
1934, Rocky Branch, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Neolygus clavigenitalis Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus)  clavigenitalis 


(19174, p. 632). 

Known from Connecticut, Maine, Mary- 
land, Massachusetts, Ohio, but not yet col- 
lected in Illinois. Has been collected on 
smooth alder (4d/nus rugosa). 


Knight 


Neolygus semivittatus Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) semivittatus Knight (19174, 
p. 626). 


Not yet taken in Illinois, but it should be 
found here eventually. Known from Ala- 
bama, Florida, Minnesota, Mississippi, New 
York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia; feeds 
on white oak (Quercus alba). 


Neolygus omnivagus Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) omnivagus Knight (19174, 
p. 627). 

Mate.—Length 5.40, width 2.20. Yellow- 
ish brown with apex of corium dark brown 
to fuscous; clavus dark brown or black; 
very much resembling forms of semivittatus 
Knight and guercalbae Knight; also similar 
in color to caryae subfuscus Knight, but 
genital claspers distinctive, fig. 164. 

FEemMALeE.—Length 5.40, width 2.50. Usu- 
ally paler than male, more yellowish brown; 
never reddish, as in quercalbae, nor with 
fuscous marks on pronotum as in semivit- 
tatus or caryae subfuscus; very similar to 
canadensis Knight, but that species has apical 
one-third of second antennal segment dis- 
tinctly black, fuscous spot on apex of the cor- 
ium smaller and embolium entirely without 
fuscous. 

Foop Priants.—White oak (Quercus 
alba), red oak (Q. rubra), scarlet oak (Q. 
coccinea) and probably other oaks; breeds 
occasionally on dogwood (Cornus sp.), 
chestnut (Castanea sp.) and arrow-wood 
(Viburnum sp.). 

Known Distripution.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, 
Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripAzk, OF ILLINOIS 


163 


North Carolina, Ontario, Pennsylvania, 
Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, 
Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 25 
females, taken June 4 to July 31, are from 
Dolson, Galena, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour, 
Keithsburg, Lilly, Marshall, McHenry, 
Monticello, Mount Carroll, Oregon, Rock- 
ford, St. Anne, Savanna, White Pines For- 
est State Park, Willow Springs. 


Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee) 


Lygus tenellus Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), nor 


ahn. 

Lygus hirticulus Van Duzee (19162, p. 41). 

Mave.—Length 4.80, width 2.28. General 
color dark ferrugino-testaceous, sometimes 
entirely dark fuscous or black, except for 
the legs and antennae; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, fig. 164. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 2.30. Slight- 
ly larger and more robust than male. Uni- 
formly colored with yellowish brown or, 
in some cases, dark brown; hemelytra rarely 
much darker than pronotum; easily confused 
with fagi Knight, but membrane is uni- 
formly and faintly tinged with fuliginous 
color, never dark as in fagi. 

Foop PLants.—Chestnut (Castanea sp.), 
sugar maple (Acer saccharum), beech 
(Fagus sp.), ash (Fraxinus sp.), cottonwood 
(Populus deltoides) and woodbine (Psedera 
sp.). 

Known Distripution.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, 
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, 
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont. Al- 
ways rare. 

Illinois Records.—Iutinois: 1g; July 
9, 1892, 19 ; July 16, 1892, 19. Dusots: 
June 3, 1919, 1g. FRaANKForT: June 8, 
1933, on Fraxinus sp., Mohr & Townsend, 
34. Urpana: June 30, 1889, woods above 
lake, 1 2 ; July 20, 1917, cottonwoods, 1 ¢ ; 
July 27, 1917, cottonwood grove, 19. 
WILLow Sprincs: July 8, 1906, W. J. Ger- 
hard, 19, FM. 


Neolygus geminus new species _ 


This is closely allied to hirticulus (Van 
Duzee), as individuals of the two species are 
similar in size and coloration, but the males 
are readily distinguished by the structure 
of the genital claspers, fig. 164. 


164 


Mare.—Leneth 4.80, width 2.20. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 
1.81, almost attaining posterior margins of 
hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.58, pale; second, 1.98, pale to yellowish 
brown; third, 1.17, dusky yellow; fourth, 
1.21, dusky. Pronotum, length 0.95, width 
at base 1.70. Color dusky brown, hemelytra 
slightly darker; cuneus pale, translucent; 
membrane pale to smoky, veins yellowish. 
Legs pale to yellowish; femora tending to 
yellowish brown. Venter yellowish to 
brown, darker on sides; genital claspers dis- 
tinctive. 

FreMALE.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. Head 
width 0.95, vertex 0.39; antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.60; second, 1.94; third, 1.17. 
Pronotum, length 1.08, width at base 1.77. 
Slightly more robust than male and more 
yellowish brown in color. Cannot at present 
be separated from female of hirticulus. 

Holotype, male. —Elizabethtown, III: 
May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes.—ILLINoIs.— Same data as 
for holotype, 43, 19. GoLtconpa: June 


22, 1932, on Trifolium pratense, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 1 3. 
Neolygus nyssae Knight 
Lygus (Neolygus) nyssae Knight (1918c, 
p. 43). 


Mate.—Length 5.50, width 2.50; slightly 
more robust, but in general structure simi- 
lar to quercalbae Knight; pronotum and 
scutellum evenly shaded with rich brown; 
clavus and corium darker brown; genital 
claspers distinctive for species, fig. 164. 

Femare.—Length 5.60, width 2.57; very 
similar to male in size and coloration. 

Foop PLant.—Sour gum (Nyssa sp.). 

Known Distraigution.—Alabama, Con- 
necticut, Illinois, Mississippi, Ohio, Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Illinois Record.—Dixon Sprincs: June 
24, 1936, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Neolygus canadensis Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) canadensis Knight (19174, 
p. 634). 

This species is allied to omnivagus Knight, 
but is more greenish yellow in color and has 
a distinct, dark spot on the corium. The 
only specimen seen from IIlinois has a black 


Ittinois NaturAL History SurveEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


ray behind each callus extending nearly to 
the hind margin of the pronotum and 
would, thus, be referable to the variety bino- 
tatus Knight (19176, p. 635). 

Mace.—Length 5.50, width 2.08. Second 
antennal segment, length 2.05, pale yellow- 
ish, apical one-third fuscous to black. Mar- 
gins of scutellum usually brownish; cuneus 
pale; legs greenish yellow; hind femora with 
two pale, fuscous annuli near apices; genital 
claspers distinctive, fig. 164. 

Known DistrispuTion.—lIllinois, Minne- 
sota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- 
tario, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Record.—NorTHERN 


July, 1.3%. 


ILLINOIS: 


Neolygus ostryae Knight 


Lygus (Neolygus) ostryae Knight (19173, 
p. 635). 

Matce.—Length 5.80, width 2.36. Head 
width 1.05, vertex 0.37. Rostrum, length 
2.08, reaching posterior margins of hind 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.74; 
second, 2.25, yellowish, apex fuscous; third, 
1.25, yellowish with apical half slightly in- 
fuscated; fourth, 0.71, infuscated. Prono- 
tum, length 1.00, width at base 1.85. Deep 
yellowish brown in color; embolium and 
basal half of corium pale yellowish; clavus 
and apical half of corium light brown to 
dark brown; cuneus almost colorless, tinged 
with yellowish. Genital claspers as in fig. 
164. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.40; simi- 
lar to male in coloration, but slightly larger 
and more robust. 

Host PLrant.—Hop hornbeam (Ostrya 
virginiana). 

Known DistriBpuTION.—lIllinois, Massa- 
chusetts, New York, Ontario, Vermont. 

Illinois Record. — NortH Evanston: 
Aug. 20, 1905, Gerhard & Wolcott, 1 9, FM. 


Neolygus carpini Knight 


Neolygus carpini Knight (19394, p. 21). 

Mave.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.99, vertex 0.35. Rostrum yellowish, 
apex brownish, length 1.90, extending slight- 
ly beyond hind margins of posterior coxae. 
Antennae with first segment pale, second 
pale with apical one-third black, third yel- 
lowish, fuscous apically, fourth fuscous. 
Pronotum yellowish green, tinged with 
brown, without definite streaks or vittae. 


September, 1941 


Scutellum yellowish brown, scarcely darker 
at sides. Hemelytra translucent, yellowish, 
with clavus evenly shaded with brownish; 
apical area of corium dark brown; cuneus 
uniformly translucent, scarcely tinged with 
yellow; membrane and veins rather uni- 
formly fuscous brown. Venter of body pale 
to yellowish, a fuscous band along lateral 
margins. Fuscous band also extending 
across pleura of thorax. Legs yellowish to 
brown; femora uniformly brownish, with- 
out bands, apices paler; tibiae pale yellowish, 
spines brown; tarsi brownish, apices fuscous. 

FEmMae.—Length 5.00, width 2.16. More 
robust than male but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 


Host PLrant. — Hornbeam (Carpinus 
caroliniana). 

Known Disrripution.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Minnesota. 

Illinois Record. — Dotson: June 14, 
1933, Frison & Ross, 1 ¢. 

Dichrooscytus Fieber 
KEY tO: SPECIES 

feebenpth less than 00%. 30 ioe bo 2 

Reneth 4.80 or greater... oe e6 . 3 


2. Width of vertex greater than length of 
first antennal segment; hemelytra 
reddish: length 3.50=3.70.....0.... 

S teats eae eee tinctipennis, p. 165 
Vertex narrower, its width less than 
length of first antennal segment; dor- 
sum uniformly green; length 3.20- 
Behera Lise eid viridicans, p. 165 


3. Paracuneus pale to white; length of 
first antennal segment less than 
width of vertex; length 4.80—5.30. .. 
Jes ee ree ee suspectus, p. 166 

Paracuneus reddish; length of first an- 
tennal segment equal to or greater 
than width of vertex; length 5.50- 
SSO) Bec tae wees cee ih | rufipennis, p. 166 


Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight 


Dichrooscytus elegans Knight (1923d, p. 597), 
not Uhler. 
Dichrooscytus tinctipennis 


pals): 

Mace.—Length 3.70, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.83, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 
1.18, scarcely attaining posterior margins 
of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.33, less than width of vertex; second 


Knight (19274, 


KnicHtT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINoIs 


165 
1.36; third, 0.50; fourth, 0.42. Pronotum, 
length 0.64, width at base, 1.18. Body 


clothed with soft, brownish, simple pubes- 
cence; on embolium and legs pubescence pale 
brown or yellowish. General coloration yel- 
lowish green, more distinctly green on pro- 
notum and tibiae; corium, clavus, and inner 
apical half of cuneus, reddish; base and out- 
er margin of cuneus paler. Membrane uni- 
formly light fuscous, veins reddish; an 
opaque, white, callous mark bordering api- 
cal angle of larger areole. 

FEMALE.—Length 3.60, width 1.60. Slight- 
ly more robust than male, but very similar 
in pubescence and coloration. 

Hosr PrLants.—Red cedar (Juniperus 
virginiana) and arbor vitae (Thuja occi- 
dentalis ). 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, 
Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, New 
Jersey, New York, Ohio, Virginia. 

Hlinois Records.—Cave-tn-Rock: Oct. 
2, 1934, Frison & Ross, 1 ¢,39. MUuNCcIE: 
Sept. 20, 1935, Frison & Mohr, 19. 


Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight 


Dichrooscytus vitridicans Knight (1918d, 
p. 114). 
Matve.—Length 3.20, width 1.25. Head 


width 0.75, vertex 0.26. Rostrum, length 
0.95, just attaining posterior margins of hind 


Fig. 166.— Dichrooscytus viridicans, 9. 


166 


coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.32; 
second, 1.22; third, 0.56; fourth, 0.38. Pro- 
notum, length 0.56, width at base 1.03, with 
black, conspicuous pubescence. General color 
bright green; head, coxae and femora often 
becoming pale to brownish; cuneus green, 
apical halves of margins reddish; membrane 
fuscous, cell veins sometimes reddish. 

FemMaLe.—Fig. 166. Length 3.30, width 
1.40; slightly more robust than male, but 
not differing in coloration. 

Host Piants.—Red cedar (Juniperus 
virginiana) and arbor vitae (Thuja occiden- 
talis). 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, 
Mississippi, New York, Ohio. 

Illinois Records. — Seventy-one males 
and 101 females, taken May 27 to Aug. 28, 
are from Antioch, Apple River Canyon State 
Park, Elizabethtown, Ernst, Freeport, Ga- 
lena, Golconda, Grandview, Grayville, 
Hillsboro, Kampsville, Keithsburg, Lake 
Villa, Monticello, Oquawka, Starved Rock 
State Park, Urbana, White Pines Forest 
State Park. 


Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter 


Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter (1909, p. 37). 

Not yet collected in Illinois, but should 
occur here. Known from Connecticut, Colo- 
rado, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maine, 
Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, 
New York. Its host plants are pines (Pinus 
resinosa and P. virginiana). 


Dichrooscytus rufipennis (Fallen) 


Lygaeus rufipennis Fallen (1807, p. 84). 

A European species known from New 
York; may have been imported with the 
Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris), on which it 
feeds. Not yet taken in IIlinois. 


Polymerus Hahn 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, or 
slightly beyondicus. auc see 2 
Rostrum not reaching hind coxae.... 4 

2. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- 

gins of posterior coxae; dorsum 

black and pale brown; femora with 

apical halves fulvous, tibiae pale. . . 
SRE... nigropallidus, p. 167 


Ittino1s NATURAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


a. 


~—I 


10. 


Vol. 22, Artem 


Rostrum reaching slightly beyond 
posterior coxae; body yellowish 
brown, with darkened areas; cuneus 
usually red, rarely paler.......... 3 


Hemelytra mostly yellowish........ 
Be ee basalis var. basalis, p. 167 

Hemelytra mostly very dark brown, 
almost black. . -. >. >. 


Rostrum reaching beyond anterior 


margins of middle coxae.......... 5: 
Rostrum not reaching posterior mar- 
gin of mesosternum. .. |) 222 ae 6 


Rostrum attaining hind margins of 
middle coxae; dorsum black, nar- 
row area at apex of cuneus and slen- 
der line on either side of fracture 
pale; tibiae uniformly black...... 

3 eh See nee proximus, p. 168 

Rostrum just attaining middle of in- 
termediate coxae; dorsum black and 
pale brown; tip of scutellum and 
basal angle of cortum pale; cuneus 
yellowish, red and black.......... 
unifasciatus var. lateralis, p. 167 


. Rostrum nearly attaining posterior 


margin of mesosternum.......... 7 
Rostrum not reaching beyond middle 
of mesosternum. . . ; -:+ 5-2 eee 8 


. Legs rather uniformly reddish yellow, 


but hind femora with a small group 
of fuscous points on anterior face at 
middle of apical half; cuneus with 
outer edge pale brown............ 
tS Sie ee punctipes, p. 169 — 
Tibiae black, femora black on apical 
half of dorsal aspect; cuneus uni- . 


formly red orange..... illini, p. 168 
Tibiae reddish yellow or with broad, 
pale areas... 1. 52s eee 94 
Tibiae black, rarely with some yellow- ; 
Sh. 2... oe Dh eee eee 12 F 

; 


Legs mostly red, with apical one-third 
of femora black; tibiae yellowish, 
with apices and variable basal area 
black; second antennal segment 
vellowish with apex very dark 
brown. oot See venustus, p. 170 

Legs orange yellow or fulvous....... 10 


Hemelytra uniformly black; length of 
second antennal segment equal to 
width of pronotum at posterior 
mare th: +) wee are nubilipes, p. 170 

Cuneus and embolium of hemelytra 
pale or fulvous. ..). 2. .22. - oem 11 


September, 1941 


11. Pubescence on dorsum deep golden; 
tibiae without black spot at base. . . 
Re ASE hd erat fulvipes, p. 170 
Pubescence on dorsum silvery white; 
tibiae with black spot at base..... 
eae ae severini, p. 170 


12. Rostrum scarcely attaining hind mar- 
Pismo MORE COKAGA. |. 5. eh. - 5s. 13 
Rostrum reaching behind posterior 
margins of front coxae, or nearly 
to middle of mesosternum........ 14 


13. Hemelytra uniformly black; dorsum 
clothed with silvery, silky pubes- 
CENCE Gece cna ne gerhardi, p. 171 

Hemelytra with embolium and edge 
of cuneus pale; dorsum clothed with 
golden, silky pubescence......... 
et clr Sy a 3 brevirostris, p. 170 


14. Cuneus black; second antennal seg- 
ment of male as thick as first seg- 
ment; coxae yellow in both sexes; 
dorsum black with scutellum and 
hemelytra clothed chiefly with black 
BUBESCENES nico cae opacus, p. 170 

Cuneus yellowish.or red: ja... =. 15 


15. Embolium black; cuneus orange; 
coxae of male black, of female yel- 
low; dorsum clothed with silvery, 
silky pubescence. . venaticus, p. 169 

Embolium pale brown to red........ 16 


16. Femora deep red, only narrow band 
at apices black; tarsi black; embol- 
ium and cuneus deep red......... 

, .chrysopsis, p. 171 
Femora deep yellow, apical one-third 
black, a pale fascia showing on 
anterior aspect; tarsi mostly yellow, 
with apical segment and claws 
black; embolium pale brown to 
yellow; cuneus orange............ 

aerogenes flavocostatus, p. 168 


Polymerus basalis (Reuter) 


Poeciloscytus basalis Reuter (1876, p. 73). 

Apu ts.—Length 3.70-4.80, width 1.70- 
2.30. General color pale brown to yellowish, 
darkened with fuscous and black; hemelytra 
mostly yellowish, with clavus and apical half 
of corium chiefly fuscous; scutellum black, 
variable area at apex not so dark; cuneus 
red; sometimes embolium and legs tinged 
with reddish; posterior femora with two 
subapical fuscous bands; dorsum clothed 
with silvery, silky pubescence that appears 
golden yellow in certain lights. A very dark 


KwniGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MirIpDAE, oF ILLINOIS 


- 


167 


form of this species, variety fuscatus Knight 


(1926f, p. 167), has not been taken in IIli- 


nois. 
Foop PrLants.—Dog fennel (Anthemis 
cotula); Illinois specimens were collected 


also on plantain (Plantago aristata), daisy 
(Chrysanthemum sp.), sunflower (Helian- 
thus sp.), oak(Quercus sp.), tickweed (Co- 
reopsis sp.) ; the oak record was certainly a 
“sitting” record. 

KNown DistrisuTIoN.—Common in the 
eastern United States. 

Illinois Records—Two hundred ten 
males and 176 females, taken May 18 to 
Oct. 12, are from Albion, Algonquin, Alton, 
Antioch, Bloomington, Champaign, Chicago, 
Darwin, Delavan, Dubois, Elizabethtown, 
Elmira, Farmer City, Freeport, Galesburg, 
Grand Tower, Grayville, Herod, Karnak, 
Lawrenceville, McHenry, Metropolis, 
Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Pax- 
ton, Rockton, Savanna, Seymour, Shawnee- 
town, Springfield, Starved Rock State Park, 
Urbana, West Union. 


Polymerus nigropallidus Knight 


Polymerus nigropallidus Knight (1923d, p. 
599). 


Known only from New Jersey. 


Polymerus unifasciatus (Fabricius) 


Lygaeus unifasciatus Fabricius (1794, p. 


178). 

Mate.—Length 5.60, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.47. Rostrum, length 
1.56, reaching to middle of intermediate 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 0.56; 
second, 2.08, black, with basal half dusky 
brown; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.78. Pronotum, 
length 1.04, width at base 1.86. Clothed 
with golden, sericeous, tomentose pubes- 
cence, intermixed with blackish hairs. 
Ground color black; apex of scutellum, 
basal angle of corium, anal ridge and area 
at inner angle of corium, apex of embolium 
and area of corium bordering cuneus, base 
and apex of cuneus, tibiae, apical one-third 
of front and middle femora, pale to testa- 
ceous; cuneus with inner half red, outer 
margin black except at base and apex; 
membrane fuscous, veins and central area 
less dark; a small clear spot bordering apex 
of cuneus. 

FeMALE.—Length 5.20, width 2.65; very 
similar to male in color and pubescence. 


168 


All North American specimens of this 
species are referable to the variety /ateralis 
Hahn (1834, p. 85). The typical unifascia- 
tus has the pale areas broader than does uni- 
fasciatus lateralis; the embolium and corium 
of this variety are pale brown except for 
a small fuscous patch on the apical area of 
the corium. 

Foop PLant.—Northern bedstraw (Ga- 
lium boreale). 

Known DistriputTion.—This is a Eu- 
ropean species, now known from Alberta, 
British Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, 
Maine, Minnesota, New York, North Da- 
kota, Nova Scotia, Quebec.  Blatchley 
(1926b, p. 737) records this from Cham- 
paign, Ill., June 14, at light, under the name 
Polymerus unifasciatus (Fabricius). Speci- 
mens of the typical form from North Amer- 
ica have not been seen by the writer. 


Polymerus flavocostatus Knight 


Polymerus flavocostatus Knight (1926f, p. 
165). 


FEMALE.—Length 5.00, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.06, vertex 0.54. Rostrum, length 
1.11, extending slightly beyond anterior 
coxae, or to middle of mesosternum; first 
and second segments chiefly yellow. Anten- 
nae black, with third segment yellowish; 
first segment, length 0.51; second, 1.80; 
third, 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.02, width at 
base 1.70. 

Mare.—Length 5.70, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.06, vertex 0.46. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.53; second, 1.86. Hemelytra 
colored as in female; coxae orange yellow, 
or dusky only at base, similar to female. 

Foop PLtant.—Goldenrod (Solidago sp.). 

Known DistrispuTion.—lIllinois, Iowa, 
Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota. 

Illinois Records. — CHAMPAIGN: June 
15, 1888, C. A. Hart, 14. Gatespure: 
June 18, 1893, 1¢. Oaxwoop: June 14, 
1930, T. H. Frison, on Solidago sp., 12, 
19. Ursana: June 17, 1889, Marten, 1 9 ; 
June 19, 1889, C. A. Hart, 1¢. West 
PULLMAN: July 30, 1905, W. J. Gerhard, 
19, FM. 


Polymerus illini new species 


This differs from flavocostatus Knight by 
the longer rostrum, and from punctipes 
Knight by the black tibiae, the partly black 


femora and the red orange cuneus. 


ItLtino1s NaTurAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22; Arti? 


Mate.—Length 4.85, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.18, vertex 0.44; black, a glabrous, 
pale spot either side of vertex. Rostrum, 
length 1.43, just attaining posterior margin 
of mesosternum. Antennae black with last 
two segments yellow; first segment, length 
0.44, thickness 0.15; second, length 2.29, 
thickness 0.15, cylindrical; third, length 
0.65; fourth, 0.62. Pronotum, length 1.17, 
width at base 2.03; black, narrow basal 
and ventral edge pale. Clothed with silvery, 
sericeous pubescence intermixed on hemely- 
tra with simple, black pubescence. General 
color black, embolium pale, cuneus and tip 
of embolium orange colored; membrane 
black, narrow pale area bordering cuneus; 
veins yellowish. Tibiae black, slightly pale 
near base; femora orange colored, apical 
half black on dorsal aspect, dark color 
broken by an incomplete annulus of orange 
which does not cross dorsal surface; coxae 
pale to orange, infuscated at base; tarsi yel- 
low, apical segment and claws black. 

FrmMaLe.—Length 5.50, width 2.77. Head 
width 1.22, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.45, width 0.16; second, 2.08, 
thickness 0.10; third, 0.77; fourth, 0.78. Pro- 
notum, length 1.21, width at base 2.25. 
More robust than male, but very similar in 
coloration and pubescence. 

Holotype, male.—Oak Lawn, IIl.: July 
1, 1935, DeLong & Ross. 

Allotype, female. —Onarga, IIl.: June 
8, 1933, Mohr & Townsend. 

Paratypes. —ILLINoIs.—Same 
for holotype, 19; NorTHERN 
DBE MO, 


data as 
ILLINOIS: 


Polymerus proximus Knight 


Polymerus proximus Knight (1923d, p. 601). 

This is closely related to  mnigritus 
(Fallen), but may be distinguished from it 
by the uniformly dark tibiae; the length of 
the first antennal segment is equal to the 
width of the vertex, while in nigritus the 
length of the first segment is less than the 
width of the vertex. 

Mave.—Length 5.30, width 2.70. Head 
mostly black with a yellow spot on either 
side of vertex near eye. Rostrum barely at- 
taining hind margins of middle coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment black; second very 
dark brown, black at base; third dark 
brown; fourth black. Pronotum with pos- 
terior half of disk strongly convex, trans- 
versely wrinkled, uniformly black, slightly 


September, 1941 


shining; clothed with yellowish, sericeous 
pubescence. Scutellum deep black, slender 
area at apex yellowish. Sternum and pleura 
black; ostiolar peritreme pale brown to yel- 
lowish. Hemelytra black; slender area at 
tip of embolium, and narrow areas at base 
and apex of cuneus, pale; slightly shining, 
clothed with intermixed yellowish and black 
pubescence; membrane and veins uniformly 
dark fuscous. Legs usually uniformly black; 
in paler forms, tibiae uniformly very dark 
brown, but never with indication of annula- 
tions. Venter uniformly black, clothed with 
pale brown to yellowish pubescence. 
FEeMALE.—Length 5.30, width 2.80; em- 
boliar margins more strongly arcuate than 
in male, but general coloration similar. 
Host PLant.—Bedstraw (Galium apar- 


ine). 
Known DistrisutTion.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, 


Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 
Illinois Record.—Rock Ciry: May 30, 
1938, Mohr & Burks, 2 ¢. 


Polymerus venaticus (Uhler) 


Poeciloscytus venaticus Uhler (1872, p. 414). 

Mave.—Length 5.90, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.46. Rostrum, length 
1.09, just attaining middle of sternum; pice- 
ous, only slightly paler at joints. Antennae, 
second segment, length 2.31, cylindrical, not 
equal in thickness to first segment. Hemely- 
tra elongate, tip of abdomen attaining mid- 
dle of cuneus, emboliar margins very slightly 
arcuate; black, moderately shining; thickly 
clothed with sericeous, pale pubescence, a 
few black hairs on embolium and cuneus; 
cuneus fulvous or reddish. Legs black, with 
basal halves of hind and middle femora, an- 
terior face of front femora except at apex, 
and two basal segments of tarsi, yellow. 

FemMALe.—Length 5.00, width 2.57; em- 
boliar margins strongly arcuate; shorter, 
more ovate and robust than male; coloration 
very similar to that of male, but coxae al- 
ways yellowish except for spot at base. 

Host PLrant.—Goldenrod (Solidago al- 
tissima). 

Known DistrinutTion.—Alberta, British 
Columbia, Colorado, Connecticut, District 
of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, 
Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min- 
nesota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New 
York, North Dakota, Ohio, Ontario, Penn- 
sylvania, Quebec, Vermont. 


KnicHt: PLAnt Bucs, or MiriIpAgz, OF ILLINOIS 


169 


Illinois Records——Eleven males and* 24 
females, taken May 17 to July 4, are from 
Antioch, Champaign, Cypress, Elizabeth- 
town, Freeport, Galena, Oakwood, Odin, 
Palos Park, St. Anne, Urbana. 


Polymerus punctipes Knight 


Polymerus punctipes Knight (1923d, p. 602). 

Mave.—Leneth 4.60, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.97, vertex 0.47; head black, with a 
yellow spot on either side of vertex at bor- 
der of eye; pubescence yellowish. Rostrum, 
length 1.23, almost attaining hind margin 
of mesosternum, yellowish, apex black. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.51, black, 
narrow yellowish area at base; second, 1.85, 
nearly cylindrical, slightly thicker at middle, 
nearly equal in thickness to first segment, 
black, clothed with mixed black and pale 
pubescence; third, 0.66, yellowish, with 
dusky tinge; fourth, 0.80, dusky. Pronotum, 
length 1.00, width at base 1.70; black, slight- 
ly shining, disk transversely rugulose; 
clothed with pale and yellowish, sericeous 
pubescence. Scutellum black, transversely 
rugulose; clothed with yellowish pubescence, 
more sericeous on basal angles. Sternum 
and pleura black; ostiolar peritreme yellow, 
becoming dusky on anterior lobe. Hemely- 
tra, with emboliar margins slightly arcuate 
on apical half; black; embolium and outer 
margin of cuneus yellowish or fulvous; sur- 
face scabriculous, slightly shining, clothed 
with golden, sericeous pubescence intermixed 
with darker hairs. Membrane rather uni- 
formly fusco-brownish, a small, nearly clear 
spot bordering apex of cuneus, veins yellow- 
ish. Legs fulvous, with spot at apices of fe- 
mora and apical segment of each tarsus 
black; hind femora with a group of from 
two to five fuscous points on anterior face 
at middle of apical half, a prominent hair 
rising from each of the two lower points; 
pubescence pale brown to yellowish, black 
on apical halves of femora. Venter black, 
clothed with pale brown to yellowish pubes- 
cense. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.20, width 2.40; em- 
boliar margins strongly arcuate on apical 
half; pubescence and color similar to those 
of male. Rostrum, length 1.31, nearly at- 
taining hind margin of sternum. 

Foop PLant.—Loosestrife (Lysimachia 
quadrifolia). 

Known DistriBuTION. 
lumbia, Florida, Georgia, 


Wistrick of.Go- 
Illinois, Towa, 


170 


Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New York, 
Ohio, Ontario, Quebec. 

Illinois Records.—Twelve males and 19 
females, taken May 21 to June 24, are from 
Dolson, Dubois, Elizabethtown, Golconda, 
Herod, Mound City, Mount Carmel, Oak- 


wood, Pulaski. 


Polymerus fulvipes Knight 


Polymerus fulvipes Knight (1923d, p. 603). 

Known from Connecticut, Massachusetts, 
New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania. 
Not yet collected in Illinois. 


Polymerus severini Knight 


Polymerus severini Knight (1925, p. 247). 
No Illinois specimens; known from AI- 
berta, Minnesota, South Dakota. 


Polymerus nubilipes Knight 


Polymerus nubilipes Knight (1925, p. 248). 
Known only from Minnesota and Wis- 
consin; not yet taken in Illinois. 


Polymerus opacus Knight 


Polymerus opacus Knight (1923d, p. 604). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Maine, 
Ontario, New York, Vermont. Feeds on 
aster (Aster umbellatus). 


Polymerus venustus Knight 


Polymerus venustus Knight (1923d, p. 605). 

Mate.—Length 5.20, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.01, vertex 0.38; head black; a yel- 
low spot on either side of vertex bordering 
eye; lower margin of jugum and upper mar- 
gin of lorum red; clothed with sericeous, 
pale pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.14, 
scarcely exceeding posterior margins of 
front coxae, piceous, paler at joints. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.81, black, un- 
usually long and thick (0.15 thick) ; second, 
2.06, cylindrical, thickness 0.07, yellowish, 
apical one-third black, pubescence same 
color as surface beneath; third, 1.02, slender, 
yellowish to fuscous, darker apically; fourth, 
1.03, blackish. Pronotum, length 1.03, width 
1.74; surface minutely granulate and trans- 
versely wrinkled; clothed with yellowish to 
golden, silky pubescence; black, lower 
pleural margin with a slender reddish area. 
Scutellum black, surface and pubescence as 


Ittinors NATURAL HISTORY SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Aree 


on pronotal disk. Sternum and pleura black; 
ostiolar peritreme yellowish to reddish. 
Hemelytra with emboliar margins moder- 
ately arcuate; black, opaque, surface rather 
irregularly roughened, somewhat scabricu- 
lous; clothed with golden and dusky seri- 
ceous pubescence. Membrane uniformly 
dark fuscous; area bordering apex of cuneus 
slightly paler, veins yellowish. Legs with 
coxae and basal half of femora deep, trans- 
lucent red; lateral areas of coxae, with apex 
of front pair also, becoming fuscous; apical 
one-half to one-third of femora _ black, 
blackish cloud formed on anterior face of 
front pair near base; tibiae yellowish to ful- 
vous, basal one-third and apices black; tarsi 
yellowish, apical half of third segment fus- 
cous. Venter black, clothed with sericeous, 
silvery pubescence; genital segment with 
simple, dusky yellowish hairs. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Em- 
boliar margins more strongly arcuate api- 
cally. More robust than male, but very simi- 
lar in coloration. First antennal segment as 
thick as that of male, but second segment 
slightly more slender. 

Hapsits.—Collected on willow (Salix sp.). 

Known Distripution. — Florida, Illi- 
nois, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, South 
Carolina, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Gotconpba: June 22, 
1932, on Salix sp., Ross, Dozier & Park, 1 2, 
19. PurasKki: May 28, 1909, cypress 
swamp, | ¢. 


Polymerus brevirostris Knight 


Polymerus brevirostris Knight (1925, p. 246). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 2.20. Head 
width 0.97, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 
0.88, not reaching hind margins of front 
coxae, reddish to fuscous. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.46, thickness 0.14, black; 
second, 1.74, thickness 0.11, cylindrical, 
slightly constricted near base, black; third, 
0.71, orange yellow, fuscous apically; fourth, 
0.93, fuscous, yellowish at base. Pronotum, 
length 0.96, width at base 1.80; basal mar- 
gin with a slender yellowish area; xyphus 
reddish. Body clothed with golden yellow, 
sericeous pubescence, silvery beneath, this 
pubescence intermixed with pale and fus- 
cous, simple hairs; femora with pale pu- 
bescence. General color black; embolium ~ 
and usually slender outer margin of cuneus 
yellowish; membrane black, veins yellowish. 
Legs orange to red; tibiae, tarsi and apices _ 


September, 1941 


of femora black; hind femora with indica- 
tion of a subapical, fuscous band on anter- 
ior aspect. 

Femace.—Length 5.09, width 2.60. Very 
similar to male in pubescence and colora- 
tion. 

Known DistrisputTion.—lIllinois, Mani- 
toba, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, 
South Dakota, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Record.—GaALespurc: June 28, 
1993, 1.429. 


Polymerus chrysopsis Knight 


Polymerus chrysopsis Knight (1925, p. 245). 

Mave.—Length 5.70, width 3.60. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.48; head black, with a 
rounded, yellowish spot on either side of 
vertex near eye. Rostrum, length 1.24, 
reaching slightly beyond middle of mesoster- 
num; blackish; first and second segments 
more or less reddish. Antennae _ black, 
clothed with short, mixed pale and fuscous 
pubescence ; first segment, length 0.45, thick- 
ness 0.14; second, length 2.06, cylindrical, 
thickness 0.12; third, length 0.66; fourth, 
length 0.63. Pronotum, length 1.17, width 
at base 2.06. Body clothed with silvery 
white pubescence intermixed with suberect, 
pale yellowish pubescence. General color 
black, moderately shining, with embolium 
and variable area at apex of corium and 
cuneus, blood red; coxae and femora red; 
apices of femora and tibiae black; trochan- 
ters and extreme bases of coxae sometimes 
fuscous; posterior femora often with a black 
patch on dorsal surface before black apex, 
also two small dots of black on ventral as- 
pect. 

FEemMALE.—Length 5.50, width 2.80. Very 
similar to male in pubescence and coloration. 
Antennae black, last two segments dark 
brownish. 

Host PLrant.—Golden aster (Chrysopsis 
villosa). 

This is the most beautiful species of 
Polymerus, the bright red of the embolium, 
cuneus and femora, standing in brilliant con- 
trast with the black body. Strange to say, 
the contrasting red and black colors make 
the insect dificult to see when it is on its 
host plant. When disturbed, the adult bug 
usually rushes to the base of a leaf petiole, 
where it clasps its legs about the reddish 
stem of the plant in such a way that the 
black body with its covering of silvery pu- 
bescence suggests, at first glance, a bud 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripagz, or ILLINOIS 


171 


in the leaf axil of the golden aster. Many 
other mirids are so colored as to be simi- 
larly inconspicuous when they are on their 
normal host plants. 

Known Distripution.—lllinois, Iowa, 
Manitoba, Minnesota, North Dakota, South 
Dakota. 

Illinois Record.—A cpripcE: 
1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 2°. 


May 8, 


Polymerus gerhardi Knight 


Polymerus gerhardi Knight (1923d, p. 606). 

FEMALE.—Length 6.40, width 2.80. Head 
width 1.16, vertex 0.51; head black, vertex 
pale on either side; clothed with sericeous, 
white pubescence. Rostrum, length 1.08, not 
attaining hind margins of front coxae, pice- 
ous, basal segment and joints reddish. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.64, thickness 
0.14, black; second, 2.03, thickness 0.09, cy- 
lindrical, black, with rather closely set, 
black pubescence; third, 0.96, fusco-brown- 
ish; fourth, 0.88, fuscous. Pronotum, length 
1.24, width at base 2.14; black, scarcely 
shining, rather irregularly rugulose; thickly 
clothed with sericeous, white pubescence; 
margins of xyphus, and narrow area along 
lower margins of pleura, yellowish. Scutel- 
lum black, pubescent as on pronotal disk. 
Sternum and pleura black; ostiolar peri- 
treme yellowish. Emboliar margins moder- 
ately arcuate. Hemelytra black, thickly 
clothed with sericeous, white pubescence in- 
termixed with more erect, simple, black 
hairs. Membrane and veins uniformly very 
dark brown, slightly paler bordering apex 
of cuneus. Legs with femora deep red; 
coxae tending toward yellowish or orange; 
tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi, black; tibiae 
unusually thick, 0.17; spines and pubescence 
also black. Venter black, thickly clothed 
with sericeous, white pubescence intermixed 
with more nearly erect, dark hairs. 

Matve.—Length 4.70, width 2.00. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.52; second, 2.03, 
thickness 0.13; third, length 0.82; fourth, 
length 0.86. Smaller than female, but very 
similar in pubescence and coloration. 

Known DistriputTioN.—Described orig- 
inally from specimens from Lake County, 
Indiana, and Texas. Since being described, 
this species has also been collected in IIli- 
nois, Mississippi, Oklahoma. 

Illinois Records. — AsHLry: Aug. 7, 
1917, 14, 19. Savanna: June 29, 1935, 
DeLong & Ross, | ¢. 


172 ILttinois Naturat History Survey BULLETIN 


Poecilocapsus Reuter 


Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius) 
Four-Lined Plant Bug 


Lygaeus lineatus Fabricius (1798, p. 541). 

Aputt. — Fig. 167. Length 7.00-7.50, 
width 3.50. General color yellow or green 
yellow, with four black lines on the dor- 


Fig. 167.— Poecilocapsus lineatus. 


sum; certain specimens have the yellow of 
the hemeleytra replaced by bright green. 

Host PLrants.—A large number of her- 
baceous plants, especially dock (Rumex sp.) ; 
occasionally becomes a pest on currant 
bushes (Ribes sp.). Large numbers of speci- 
mens were collected in Illinois on potato 
foliage (Solanum tuberosum). 

Known Distrisution. — Throughout 
most of the eastern states and Canada. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-eight males, 129 
females and 16 nymphs, taken May 7 to Sep- 
tember, are from Algonquin, Anna, Antioch, 
Beach, Bishop, Bluff Springs, Carbondale, 
Carlinville, Champaign, Chicago, Clarks- 
ville, Cypress, Danville, Edgebrook, Eliza- 
bethtown, Fountain Bluff, Frankfort, Free- 
port, Galena, Galesburg, Giant City State 
Park, Makanda, Glendon Park, Glen Ellyn, 


Vol. 22; Artod 


Golconda, Grand Detour, Hardin, Havana, 
Joliet, Kankakee, Karnak, Manito, Morton 
Grove, Mount Carmel, Oakwood, Odin, 
Palos Park, Quincy, Rockford, Rockton, 
Urbana, Vienna, Villa Ridge, Volo, War- 
saw, Waukegan, Willow Springs. 


Horcias Distant 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Second antennal segment clavate, its 
maximum diameter exceeding diame- 
ter of first segment; embolium white, 
cuneus rose colored; see frontispiece 
be eine ie a eg illini, p. 172 

Second antennal segment slightly cla- 
vate, but its maximum diameter less 
than diameter of first segment...... 2 


Nw 


Rostrum not surpassing posterior mar- 
gins of middle coxae; color black 
with scutellum frequently red...... 
ae LO Se fallax, p. 173 

Rostrum extending nearly to posterior 
margins of hind coxae; color vari- 
able ce). conse dislocatus, p. 173 


Horcias illini new species 


This species is allied to dislocatus (Say), 
but differs from it in being smaller, and in 
having a narrower vertex and more strongly 
clavate second antennal segment; in color, 
it is very similar to dislocatus flavidus 
Knight, but the cuneus, calli and head are 
distinctly reddish; the color pattern appar- 
ently is not variable. 

Mate.—Frontispiece. Length 5.20, width 
2.70. Head width 1.12, vertex 0.43. Ros- 
trum, length 1.95, nearly attaining hind mar- 
gins of middle coxae. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.74, thickness 0.14, black; 
second, 1.86, thickness 0.15, slender at base 
(0.07 thick), gradually enlarging to clavate 
on apical half (0.15 thick), black, densely 
clothed with short, velvety, yellowish pu- 
bescence ; third, length 0.82, basal one-fourth 
widened and pale brown, distal part slender 
and black; fourth, length 1.04, slender, black, 
with narrow, tan area at base. Pronotum, 
length 1.21, width at base 2.04. Surface of 
body smooth and shining; dorsum with 
sparse and very fine pubescence. General 
coloration black and white with lighter areas 
tinged with reddish. Head yellowish to red- 
dish brown, frons with transverse reddish 
lines on either side. Pronotum white, a large 


. 
4 
be 


September, 1941 


quadrate, black area on either side behind 
calli, leaving median line, lateral margins of 
disk, and narrow area at basal edge, white; 
calli and area extending along lateral mar- 
gins of disk irregularly marked with red- 
dish; propleura with two reddish rays ex- 
tending parallel to margins of disk. Meso- 
scutum and scutellum black, median line 
white. Hemelytra black, broad white area 
along claval vein; claval suture black only 
on basal half; embolium, narrow area along 
radial vein, and wedge-shaped area on inner 
apical area of corium, white; cuneus red- 
dish, apex blackish, outer basal angle pale. 
Membrane uniformly dark brown. Ventral 
surface reddish brown to black, a white line 
formed on either side of venter; also white 
mark extending across dorsal half of ostiolar 
peritreme and side of sternum. Legs pale to 
dark brown; coxae reddish brown; femora 
paler on apical half, annulated with yellow- 
ish and brown near apices; tibiae pale, tips 
and knees dark, spines black; tarsi mostly 
pale, black apically. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.80, width 3.10. Head 
width 1.25, vertex 0.49. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.82; second, 2.12, greatest 
thickness 0.15, clavate as in male; third, 
length 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.38, width 
at base 2.42. More robust than male, but 
very similar in color and pubescence. 

Holotype, male. — Dongola, Ill.: May 
re, 1916. 

Allotype, female.— Same data as for 
holotype. 

Paratypes.—ILLINoIs.—DoncoLta: May 
OB 1916, 1 go; May 12, 1916, 1 4 ; May 13, 
PIG, 1-4, 1 9: 

The apparently restricted distribution of 
this beautiful new species seems worthy of 
remark. Future collections of specimens will 
be received with great interest. 


Horcias dislocatus (Say) 


Capsus dislocatus Say (1832, p. 21). 

Aputts.—Length 6.20, width 3.00. Gen- 
eral color of typical form pale rufo-sangui- 
neous. First and second antennal segments, 
tylus, juga, base of vertex, two wedge- 
shaped approximate spots on basal half of 
pronotal disk, scutellum except median line, 
inner half of clavus, inner apical angles of 
corium, membrane, pleura, middle and hind 
coxae, and the venter, black. 

This species varies in color from yellow 
and brown, through red and black, to en- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, oR Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 


Wes: 


tirely black. A large number of color com- 
binations of this species have been given 
varietal names. The Illinois material con- 
tains representatives of the following in ad- 
dition to the typical form: rubellus Knight 
(1923d, p. 608), goniphorus (Say) (1832, p. 
21), gradus Knight (1923d, p. 609), residuus 
Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), coccineus (Em- 
mons) (1854, pl. 30, fig. 2), limbatellus 
(Walker) (1873, p. 93), affinis (Reuter) 
(1876, p. 74), flavidus Knight (1923d, p. 
609), scutatus Knight (1923d, p. 609), pal- 
lipes Van Duzee (1912, p. 484), and nigritus 
Reuter (1909, p. 41). Two other varieties, 
nigriclavus Knight (1923d, p. 609) and mar- 
ginalis (Reuter) (1876, p. 75) have not been 
recognized in the material collected here. 

Foop PLANTs. — False Solomon’s seal 
(Smilacina racemosa), wild geranium (Ger- 
anium maculatum), figwort (Scrophularia 
leporella) and occasionally papoose root 
(Caulophyllum thalictroides). A few Illi- 
nois specimens were collected also on clover 
(Melilotus sp. and Trifolium sp.), oak 
(Quercus sp.) and fleur-de-lis (Jris sp.). 
The different color varieties of this species 
may occur on any of these food plants. 

Known DistrisuTion.—Known in_ its 
various color forms from Maine westward 
to Minnesota and southward to Pennsyl- 
vania and Texas. 

Illinois Records. — One hundred forty 
males, 155 females and 4 nymphs, collected 
May 21 to June 30, are from Algonquin, 
Antioch, Beach, Bloomington, Castle Rock, 
Champaign, Danville, Dubois, Elizabeth, 
Frankfort, Freeport, Galesburg, Glendon 
Park, Glen Ellyn, Grand Detour, Herod, 
Homer, Joliet, Keithsburg, Le Roy, Manito, 
Monticello, Mount Carmel, Muncie, Oak- 
wood, Oregon, Palos Park, Pecatonica, Riv- 
erdale, St. Joseph, Springfield, Stratford, 
Urbana, Waukegan, White Heath, White 
Pines Forest State Park, Willow Springs, 
Zion. 


Horcias fallax Reuter 


Forctas fallax Reuter (1909, p. 42). 

Mave.—Length 5.10, width 2.10. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length 
1.86, just attaining posterior margins of 
middle coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.60, thickness 0.12; second, 1.99, 
thickness 0.11; third, length 0.80; fourth, 
length 0.95. Pronotum, length 1.08, width 
at base 1.86. General color black, shining, 


174 


nearly glabrous; scutellum either red or 
black. Propleura yellowish; rarely anterior 
half of pronotum yellowish. Legs mostly 
yellowish with basal halves of middle and 
hind coxae, tips of tibiae, and apical seg- 
ment of each tarsus, black; hind femora 
often with two fuscous annulations just be- 
fore apex; membrane and veins uniformly 
dark fuscous or black. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.40, width 2.43. Some- 
what more robust than male, but very simi- 
lar in coloration. 

Host PLants.—A good series of nymphs 
and adults were taken on wild gooseberry 
(Ribes oxyacanthoides) in Iowa, May 18 
to 25; a few Illinois specimens were col- 
lected on willow (Salix sp.) and oak (Quer- 
cus sp.). 

Known DistrisputTion.—lIllinois, Indi- 
ana, Iowa, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Five males and 12 fe- 
males, taken May 9 to June 30, are from 
Algonquin, Dongola, Galesburg, Glen Ellyn, 
Urbana, White Heath, Willow Springs. 


Adelphocoris Reuter 


KEY 1©O:SPECIES 


Hemelytra dark brown, broad pale area at 
costal margin, fig. 168; scutellum uni- 
formly dark brown, leng h 6.80-7.40. . . 
Ree Ri | Libel oes ak RNID [Ty 6 apt rapidus, p. 174 

Hemelytra pale, costal edge black; scutel- 
lum light with two dark longitudinal 
lines; usually apical area of corium 
darkened, fig. 169; length 8.00........ 

Bea adeinag se oa op a th lineolatus, p. 175 


Adelphocoris rapidus (Say) 


Capsus rapidus Say (1832, p. 20). 

Apu.ts.—Fig. 168. Length 6.80-7.40. 
General color dark brown. Embolium and 
outer margin of cuneus light brown; prono- 
tum yellowish brown, basal half of disk us- 
ually with two black spots; these spots some- 
times fuse to form a transverse black mark. 

Host PLiants.—Ordinarily breeds on 
dock (Rumex sp.) in the northern states, 
but may breed on several other plants; Illi- 
nois specimens have been collected on clover 
(Trifolium sp. and Melilotus sp.) and yar- 
row (Achillea sp.). 

Known Distrisution.—A common spe- 
cies in the eastern states and those west- 
ward to the 100th meridan; farther west it 


Ittinois NAaTtuRAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


is replaced by superbus Uhler, a quite vari- 
able species. 

Illinois Records——Two hundred forty- 
two males, 253 females and 1 nymph, col- 
lected May 15 to Nov. 4, are from Albion, 
Algonquin, Allerton, Alton, Anna, Antioch, 


Fig. 168.— Adelphocoris rapidus. 


Arcola, Aurora, Beardstown, Beach, Bloom- 
ington, Blue Island, Bluff Springs, Borton, 
Browns, Bushnell, Carbondale, Champaign, 
Chicago, Darwin, Delavan, Dixon, Dolson, 
Dubois, Last St. Louis, Elgin, Elizabeth- 
town, Erie, Fairmount, Farmer City, Foun- 
tain Bluff, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, 
Giant City State Park, Makanda, Glencoe, 
Glen Ellyn, Golconda, Grand Detour, 
Grand Tower, Grand View, Hamilton, 
Hardin, Hartsburg, Havana, Herod, Hilli- 
ary, Hinsdale, Homer Park, Iroquois, 
Jonesboro, Kankakee, Karnak, Keithsburg, 
Lawrenceville, Mahomet, Marshall, Mason 
City, Metropolis, Milford, Monticello, 
Mound City, Mount Carroll, 
Normal, Oak Lawn, Oakwood, Ogden, 
Oquawka, Oregon, Palos Park, Pecatonica, 
Princeton, Pulaski, Rockford, Rockton, St. 


Muncie, © 


September, 1941 Knicut: PLant Bucs 


Anne, St. Joseph, Savanna, Seaton, Sey- 
mour, Shawneetown, Sparta, Springfield, 
Starved Rock State Park, Sun Lake, To- 
peka, Ullin, Urbana, Vandalia, Vienna, 
Virginia, Volo, Ware, Waterman, Watseka, 
Waukegan, West Union, Willow Springs, 
York, Zion. 


Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze) 
Alfalfa Plant Bug 


Cimex lineolatus Goeze (1778, p. 267). 

Mave.—Length 8.00, width 2.80. Head 
width 1.36, vertex 0.42. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.98; second, 2.87; third, 2.20; 
fourth, 1.30. Pronotum, length 1.30, width 
at base 2.25. General coloration pale yel- 
lowish with a tinge of brown and dusky. 
Scutellum with two fine, longitudinal fus- 
cous marks on middle; corium usually with 
a triangular fuscous area on apical half; a 
fine line along costal edge black; cuneus 


Fig. 169.— Adelphocoris lineolatus. 


, OR Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 


175 


yellowish; membrane fuscous. Antennae 
yellowish to brown, apical half darker and 
usually reddish brown. Legs yellowish; fem- 
ora with many black dots, anterior aspect 
with two rows of somewhat larger spots; 
tibial spines black, without distinct spots 
at bases. Body clothed with simple, pale 
yellowish pubescence, legs provided with 
black pubescence. 

FEMALE.—Fig. 169. Length 7.50, width 
2.90. More robust than male and usually 
somewhat paler in color, but otherwise very 
similar in form and coloration. 

Hosr Piants.—Alfalfa (Medicago sa- 
tiva) and sweet clover (Melilotus sp.) ; oc- 
curs in limited numbers on other leguminous 
plants; also on many other succulent, herba- 
ceous plants. The bugs prefer to feed on 
flower buds and newly formed seeds, and 
may prove a pest where alfalfa and sweet 
clover are grown for seed. 

Known DtstripuTion. — A European 
species first recorded from North America 
at Cape Breton, Nova Scotia (Knight 
1922a), and later from Ames, Iowa, where 
adults were first collected June 18, 1929. 
They were probably imported as eggs in 
seeds, as about 700 samples were imported 
and grown at the agronomy farm at Ames in 
1926 and 1927. The spread of this foreign 
species to surrounding states is indicated to 
a certain extent by the collection dates placed 
in parentheses following the names of these 
states: lowa (1929), Minnesota (1934), II- 
linois (1935), Missouri (1935), South Da- 
kota (1935), Nebraska (1936), Wisconsin 
(1936), Kansas (1939), Manitoba (1939). 

Illinois Records. — Freeport: June 28, 
1935, DeLong & Ross, 2¢. RicHMOND: 
June 25, 1938, at light, Ross & Burks, 1 3. 
SAVANNA: June 29, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 
lea 


Stenotus Jakovlev 


Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius) 


Lygaeus binotatus Fabricius (1794, p. 172). 

Mace.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Chiefly 
yellowish green below; pronotum with two 
broad black rays; hemelytra yellowish 
orange, with two broad, irregular, longi- 
tudinal black stripes. 

FEMALE.—Length 7.00, width 2.40; yel- 
lowish green, pronotum with two prominent 
black spots on disk, one behind each callus; 
corium with a longitudinal fuscous stripe. 


176 


Host Piants.—Orchard grass (Dacty- 
lis glomerata) and, to some extent, other 
grasses; Illinois specimens have been col- 
lected on orchard grass and_ timothy 
(Phleum pratense). 

Known DistripuTion. — A European 
species now known from British Columbia, 
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New 
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North 
Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsyl- 
vania, Quebec, Tennessee, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records. —One hundred twenty- 
six males and 158 females, taken June 1 to 
July 14, are from Antioch, Apple River 
Canyon State Park, Bureau, Elizabeth, Ga- 
lena, Hamilton, Hardin, Karnak, Marshall, 
Mason City, Monticello, Palos Park, Plain- 
view, Putnam, Urbana, Warsaw, Wauke- 
gan, Zion. 


Paracalocoris Distant 


KEY TOVSPECIES 


1. Hind tibiae thickly clothed with long, 
erect hairs which obscure tibial 
spines and are easily confused with 
(eta bos Sen Riri scrupeus, p. 177 

Hind tibiae with shorter and more 
appressed hairs, especially on inner 
side; hairs not easily confused with 


PFUE SPINES? Susee ck os eee 2 


i) 


Length of first antennal segment as 
great as or greater than maximum 


dorsal length of pronotum........ 3 
First antennal segment shorter than 
PROMO Ei Fst ae 6 


3. Length of first antennal segment !ess 
than width of head plus dorsal width 
of an eye; length 6.00-6.50........ 

Se heehee epee en Bes hawleyi, p. 178 
Length of first antennal segment equal 
to width of head plus dorsal width 


of an eye, or greater...........-. 4 


4. Second antennal segment uniformly 
Blacks he Ree eee limbus, p. 178 
Second antennal segment pale yellow- 
ish to brown, sometimes dark 
brown, but never black; general 
coloration brownish, with minute 


Pale 'SPOtS|). <3... : sac eee eee eee 5 


5: First antennal segment reddish brown, 
with pallid spots; gula and genae 
dark brown 


- pallidulus var. pallidulus, p. 178 


ILLINoIs NATURAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


10. 


Lie 


. Dorsum dark brown, with several 


. Second antennal segment dark, with 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


First antennal segment more pallid 
than brown; gula and genae pallid 
. .pallidulus var. albigulus, p. 178 


Length of first antennal segment equal 
to or greater than width of head... 7 
Length of first antennal segment less 


than width of head.2..2 93a 9 


Pronotum and scutellum with three 
distinct yellowish stripes; first an- 
tennal segmen: black, with few, if 
any, pale spots..... trivittis, p. 178 

Pronotum and scutellum without dis- 
tinct stripes; first antennal seg- 
ment pallid, marked with brown, or 

_ brown with pallid marks.......... 8 


. Apical half of second antennal seg- 


ment black or very dark brown; 
scutellum with narrow, median, 
yellowish line, this line sometimes 
obscured by brownish coloration. . 
ROE MMs 68 one 1) te. evonymi, p. 178 
Second antennal segment rather uni- 
formly yellowish brown, in darkest 
specimens with black but only at 
apex; scutellum with light color 
irregularly distributed; brown 
largely broken by minute, light- 
colored spots: 7 oe salicis, p. 177 


large yellow patches: on apical half 
of scutellum, apex of clavus, middle 
of corium, apex of embolium and 
outer half of corium, and three 
areas on pronotum.-, 175. eee 
suse ae tee eS multisignatus, p. 180 
Ground color dark brown, light- 
colored areas taking the form of f 
fine lines and small dots.......... 10 


Basal half of second antennal segment 
yellowish brown, but without nar- 
row white annulus at middle or 
basess. <3 cee eee castus, p. 178 

Second antennal segment with a nar- 
row white annulus near the middle 
which separates black area on apical 
half from brownish basal half... .. 11 

Rostrum extending beyond hind coxae 
es pee As Ns a. celtidis, p. 179 

Rostrum not extending beyond hind 


pale annulus at middle only; femora 
dark at base, apical half with one 
large and several smaller white 
Spots eae re gleditsiae, p. 180 
Second antennal segment with pale 


September, 1941 


annulus both near base and at mid- 
dle; femora with broad, light-colored 
areas at base and middle........ 


Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say) 


Capsus scrupeus Say (1832, p. 23). 

Matve.—Length 6.00, width 2.50. Head, 
width 1.10, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length 
2.38, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.25; second, 
1.95; third, 0.82; fourth, 0.91. Pronotum, 
length 1.34, width at base 2.08. Varying in 
color from orange and black, through yel- 
low and brown, to almost uniformly brown 
or tan. 

A large number of color combinations of 
this species have been given varietal names. 
Of these, besides the typical form, the fol- 
lowing varieties, all described by McAtee 
(1916), have been taken in Illinois: delta, 
ardens, cunealis, par, sordidus, bidens, nu- 
bilus, varius, compar, lucidus, percursus, 
rubidus and triops. 

Host Prants.—Most frequently wild 
grape (Vitis sp.), but may occur on culti- 
vated varieties of grape and, occasionally, 
on other woody plants. Illinois specimens 
were collected on grape, box elder (Acer 
negundo), willow (Salix sp.), hop tree 
(Ptelea trifoliata), hickory (Carya sp.), 
hawthorn (Crataegus sp.), dogbane (A po- 
cynum sp.) and dogwood (Cornus sp.). 

Illinois Records.—One hundred males 
and 150 females, taken May 30 to July 12, 
are from Algonquin, Antioch, Bureau, 
Dixon, Dolson, Elizabeth, Elizabethtown, 
Frankfort, Freeport, Galena, Galesburg, 
Grand Detour, Harvard, Havana, Joliet, 
Kampsville, Kankakee, Keithsburg, Kings- 
ton, Monticello, Oakwood, Oquawka, Ore- 
gon, Palos Park, Putnam, Riverside, Sa- 
vanna, Urbana, West Union, White Heath, 
Willow Springs, Zion. 


Paracalocoris salicis Knight 


Paracalocoris salicis Knight (1926), p. 367). 

Mave.—Length 6.00, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.15, vertex 0.50. Rostrum, length 
2.36, nearly attaining hind margins of pos- 
terior coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.18, slightly greater than width of 
head; second, 2.22, rather uniformly yellow- 
ish brown, somewhat darker at apex; third, 
0.89, black, narrow pale area at base. Pro- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINors 


177 


notum, length 1.35, width at base 2.06. Dor- 
sum clothed with short, yellowish pubes- 
cence, more golden on clavus, and with a few 
sericeous hairs on scutellum and clavus. 
Ground color pale yellowish, more or less 
clouded with dark brown; pronotal disk 
brown with several small, pale spots, some 


Fig. 170.— Paracalocoris salicis, 2. 


of which coalesce behind outer margin of 
each callus to suggest a ray; pale yellow- 
ish median line of pronotum continued on 
scutellum, where irregular dark color on 
either side of it is composed of aggregated 
small dots. Hemelytra medium brown to 
dark brown, marked with pale dots in longi- 
tudinal series, one row along middle of 
corium, another along radial vein; apex of 
embolium and inner apical angle of corium 
with broad, pale areas; clavus with a more 
or less broad, pale mark along claval vein. 
Cuneus very light yellow, with inner basal 
angle, apex, and area extending back along 
margin of membrane, brownish. Membrane 
yellowish to brownish, darker at apex and 
areoles; veins white, brown around smaller 
areole. Legs tan to yellowish, darkened with 
brown, this dark color broken by numerous 
pale dots; basal third of tibiae, band at mid- 


178 


dle, and narrow band at apex, dark brown. 
Venter yellowish, sides with three indistinct, 
longitudinal, dark lines separated by three 
indistinct yellow ones. 

FemaLte—Fig. 170. Length 6.40, width 
2.60. Head width 1.14, vertex 0.50. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.24; second, 
2.22: third, 1.00; fourth, 0.98. Very similar 
to male in pubescence and coloration. 

Host Piant. — Sandbar willow (Salix 
longifolia). 

Known DistrisutTion.—Colorado, Illi- 
nois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, 
Nebraska, Pennsylvania, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records. — Twenty-two males 
and 31 females, taken May 27 to July 26, 
are from Alton, Bureau, Elizabethtown, 
Freeport, Golconda, Herod, Kampsville, 
Lilly, Monticello, Oquawka, Oregon, Palos 
Park, Pulaski, Rockford, St. Joseph, Sa- 
vanna, Seymour, West Union, Willow 
Springs, York. 


Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight 


Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight (19164, p. 377). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Mas- 
sachusetts, New York, Ohio. Occurs on 
cultivated hop (Hamulus japonicus). 


Paracalocoris limbus McAtee 


Paracalocoris limbus McAtee (1916, p. 380). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Geor- 
gia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, 
Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia. 


Paracalocoris pallidulus McAtee 


Paracalocoris hawleyi var. pallidulus McAtee 


(1916, p. 380). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Minne- 
sota, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, On- 
tario; feeds on apple (Pyrus malus) and 
hawthorn (Crataegus sp.). The variety al- 
bigulus Knight (1930d, p. 823) is generally 
lighter in color than the typical form. 


Paracalocoris castus McAtee 


Paracalocoris colon var. castus McAtee (1916, 


p. 382). 

Matve.—Length 5.40, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.45. Rostrum, length 
1.95, just reaching to middle of hind coxae. 
Antennae, first segment, length 0.88, dark 
brown with a few yellowish spots; second, 


Ittinots NatrurAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Sri 


2.08, yellowish brown, apical two-fifths and 
narrow area at base dark brown, without 
any indication of white annuli; third, 0.75, 
yellowish, apical half black; fourth, 1.03, 
fuscous. Pronotum, length 1.21, width at 
base 1.90. General color dark brown, with 
a few yellow spots on pronotum, apical area 
of corium and on cuneus; scutellum with a 
slender, median yellowish line. Membrane 
fuscous, with a yellowish spot near tip of 
cuneus; veins fuscous, pale at apex of larger 
areole. Dorsum clothed with yellowish to 
golden, sericeous pubescence intermixed with 
a lesser amount of simple pubescence. Legs 
dark brown; femora with rows of small 
yellowish spots, hind femora each with a 
large yellowish spot dorsally near middle 
of apical half; each tibia with a broad, yel- 
lowish band at middle and just before apex; 
tarsi brown to fuscous. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.40, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.11, vertex 0.51. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.03; second, 1.99; third, 
0.91; fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 1.38. 
width at base 2.12. More robust than male, 
but very similar in pubescence and colora- 
tion. 

Host PLant.—Virginia creeper (Psedera 
quinquefolia). 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New 
Jersey, New York, Ohio, Vermont. 

Illinois Records.—ALcoNnouIN: June 24, 
1894, 19. ANTIocH: July 5-7, 1932, T. H. 
Frison, 1¢, 19. Havana: July 12, 1932, 
Dozier & Park, 19. Wuuitr PINEs Forest 
STATE Park: July 4, 1932, Dozier & Mohr, 
Trae 


Paracalocoris trivittis Knight 
Paracalocoris trivittatus Knight (19267), p. 
371). Preoccupied. 
Knight (1930d, p. 


Paracalocoris trivittis 


812). 
Known only from Mississippi. : 


Paracalocoris evonymi Knight 


Paracalocoris evonymi Knight (1930d, p. 


812). 

Mate.—Length 6.10, width 2.70. Head 
width 1.13, vertex 0.54. Rostrum, length 
2.25, reaching to middle of hind coxae, yel- 
low with apex black. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.25, pale, with reticulated 
brown marks and spots; second, 2.25, nar- 


| 
| 


September, 1941 


row area at base black, bordered by a pale 
annulus, then yellowish brown to middle, 
where a slightly paler annulus separates this 
from the black on apical half; third, 0.97, 
pale, distal half black; fourth, 1.12, black- 
ish, paler at base. Pronotum, length 1.38, 
width at base 2.12; dark brown; disk with a 
tew pale spots; median line pale although it 
may be indistinct near basal margin, basal 
edge yellowish; discal spots black, inner and 
outer margins bordered by yellow. Scutel- 
lum dark brown, median line with a slender 
pale mark; small spot near each basal angle, 
and a few even smaller dots near middle 
and apex, yellow. Hemelytra dark brown 
to black; area at inner half of clavus bor- 
dering scutellum black; corium with a few 
vague, yellowish spots; radial vein yellow 
on basal half. Cuneus mostly dark brown, 
with outer edge and area extending across 
middle yellowish; light-colored area on disk 
appearing more as spots than as uniform 
color. Membrane dark fuscous to black; a 
rather large, yellowish spot on margin near 
apex of cuneus and a smaller one on middle 
of larger areole; vein at apex of larger 
areole yellowish. Legs tan, with bases of 
coxae more or less fuscous and apical halves 
of femora spotted with brown, this colora- 
tion on apical third of hind femora inter- 
rupted by a few minute, yellow spots; tibiae 
each with two brown bands, apices only 
slightly darkened; tarsi pale, apices black. 
Venter of thorax dark brown, darker at 
sides; ventral surface of abdomen yellowish 
on basal half, sides rather uniformly very 
dark brown, except on second, or first visible, 
segment, where two more or less indistinct 
pale marks occur. Dorsum clothed with yel- 
lowish to golden, recumbent, sericeous pu- 
bescence intermixed with a few obscure, 
simple hairs. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.80, width 2.80. Head 
width 1.16, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.21; second, 2.20; third, 1.00; 
fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 1.35, width 
at base 2.16. Slightly more robust than 
male, but very similar in pubescence and 
coloration. 

Host PLtant.—Waahoo or burning bush 
(Evonymus atropurpureus); a single speci- 
men was taken in this state on box elder 
(Acer negundo) ; others were taken on red- 
bud (Cercis canadensis). 

Known DIstriBurION. 


Illinois, Iowa, 


| Ohio, western New York. 


| 
| 


KnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miripaez, oF ILLINOIS 


179 


Illinois Records. — ELizABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932, on redbud, H. L. Dozier, 
3g. Oouawka: June 13, 1932, on Acer 
negundo, H. L. Dozier, 19. 


Paracalocoris celtidis Knight 


Paracalocoris celtidis Knight (1930d, p. 810). 


Mate.—Length 5.70, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.14, vertex 0.56. Rostrum, length 
2.70, extending to fifth abdominal segment, 
tan to yellowish with last two segments 
black. Antennae, first segment, length 1.00, 
dark brown to black, with several small, 
white, glabrous spots and set with several 
erect, black setae; second, 2.25, black, with 
pale annulus at middle; third, 0.91, fuscous 
to black, yellowish at base; fourth, 0.95, 
black, with a narrow yellowish area at base. 
Pronotum, length 1.30, width at base 2.00; 
disk dark brown to black, with pale spots; 
calli and areas surrounding discal spots yel- 
low to yellowish brown; area between calli 
white, this color extending back along me- 
dian line to base as a white line, basal half 
of line apparently produced by the joining 
of several spots. Scutellum brown, with 
yellowish, more or less confluent spots; 
median line yellowish, except at apex, but 
this line joined by so many spots that 
its outline is largely obscured. Hem- 
elytra black and brown, with minute yel- 
lowish spots, these more prominent along 
radial vein and near apex of embolium. 
Cuneus largely white due to the numerous 
and confluent white spots; apex and para- 
cuneus black. Membrane dark fuscous or 
black, with disk of larger areole, apical half 
of membrane except large spot bordering 
apex of larger areole, and spot at middle of 
outer margin, yellowish. Legs yellow, 
marked with brown; distal half of femora 
with black ground color, which is cut into 
small areas by numerous white spots; hind 
femora with one much larger white spot 
on middle of dorsal aspect; tibiae with apex, 
band at middle, and a broader band at base, 
brown, the last somewhat broken by white 
spots; tarsi pale, apices black. Venter dark 
brown, varied with white and _ yellowish 
marks; sides tending toward black, with 
three rows of obliquely placed, yellow 
dashes. Dorsum clothed with recumbent, 
pale to golden yellow, sericeous pubescence, 
intermixed with less prominent, simple, fus- 


180 


cous hairs; femora with several prominent, 
bristlelike white hairs, much as in gledit- 
siae Knight; tibiae with several yellowish, 
setose hairs which may be longer than true 
spines, but these spines much thicker and 
brown in color. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.60. Head 
width 1.14, vertex 0.56. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.04; second, 2.03; third, 
0.95; fourth, 1.29. Pronotum, length 1.34, 
width at base 2.12. Slightly more robust 
than male, but very similar in pubescence 
and coloration. 

Host Prant.—Hackberry trees (Celtis 
occidentalis ). 

Known DisrrisutTion. — Illinois and 
Iowa. 

Illinois Records.—ILLinots: 19. 
BANA: July 16, 1932, C. O. Mohr, 1¢. 


Ur- 


Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight 


Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight (1926), p. 
370). 

This is allied to colon (Say) by key 
characters and it is distinguished from 
colon by having several prominent, erect, 
bristlelike hairs on the hind femora; the 
length of each of these hairs is greater than 
the thickness of a tibia. 

Mate.—Length 5.40, width 2.20. Head 
width 1.05, vertex 0.47. Rostrum, length 
2.04, reaching to middle of hind coxae. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.89, dark red- 
dish brown with a few small white dots; sec- 
ond, 1.90, dark brown, with a pale an- 
nulus at the middle and a somewhat lighte1 
brown area before annulus; third, 0.81, dark 
brown to fuscous, paler at base; fourth, 
0.83, fuscous, a narrow yellowish area at 
base. Pronotum, length 1.20, width at base 
1.86; dark brown, basal half of disk black, 
slender area at base yellowish, and with 
seven or eight pale spots on sub-basal mar- 
gin, area bordering outer margin of black 
discal spots, and four short, longitudinal 
marks between, yellow to white. Scutellum 
dark brown, with slender line and irregu- 
lar marks on either side near apex pale. 
Hemelytra dark brown, somewhat paler at 
base of corium and apex of clavus; embo- 
lium, corium and cuneus with several small, 
yellowish or white dots. Membrane infus- 
cated, veins about apex of larger areole 
white. Venter with sides dark brown, each 
segment with three yellow marks which, 
taken together, suggest broken, longitudinal 


ItLino1is NaTuRAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. I 


lines. Legs reddish brown, irregularly 
marked with white dots; femora much 
darker at bases; hind pair with a large 
white spot on dorsal aspect beginning at 
middle; tibiae with white band at middle. 

FemMaLe.—Length 5.80, width 2.70. Head 
width 1.12, vertex 0.54. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.99; second, 1.92; third, 0.75; 
fourth, 0.78. Pronotum, length 1.30, width 
at base 2.04. Very similar to male in pu- 
bescence and coloration. 

Host PLrant.—Honey locust (Gleditsia 
triacanthos); also collected on black locust 
(Robinia pseudoacacia). 

Known DistrisutTion. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, lowa, Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—DaAnviLLE: June 8, 
1902, Titus & Kahl, 1 ¢@. ELIzaABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932, on Robinia pseudoacacia, 
H. L. Dozier, 1¢, 49. New Ho.ianp: 
May 28, 1936, Mohr & Burks, 3 ¢,4¢@. Sr. 
JosEPH: June 17, 1932, T. H. Frison, 1 3. 


Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter 
(1909, 


Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter 
p. 40). 

Known from District of Columbia, 
Georgia, Indiana, Maryland, Mississippi, 
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Okla- 
homa, Texas, Virginia. It should eventually 
be found in southern Illinois. Breeds on 
wild grape (Vitis rotundifolia). 


Paracalocoris colon (Say) 


Capsus colon Say (1832, p. 25). 

Aputts.—Length 5.80, width 2.50; length 
of pronotum 1.33. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.10, brownish, spotted with yellow, 
spots more or less confluent, clothed with. 
black semierect hairs which are hardly as 
long as segment is thick; second, 2.22, nar- 
row area at base and apical one-third black, 
area between brownish, but with pale an- 
nulus bordering black, pubescence fine; third, 
0.97, pale to fuscous, becoming darker at 
apex; fourth, 1.08, pale fuscous, darker at 
apex. Dorsum pale yellowish to grayish or 
dark brown, spotted with yellow, in paler 
specimens brown forming large _ spots; 
clothed with pale yellowish to golden pu- 
bescence; membrane fuscous, with a spot 
at middle and on either side near tip of cu- 
neus yellowish. Ventral surface brownish, 
each segment with two or three longitudinal, 
yellow marks on sides. Legs yellowish; api- 
cal third of femora and two bands on tibiae 


September, 1941 


brownish, this color spotted with yellow; in 
dark specimens, hind femora developing a 
brownish patch on basal half. 

Foop PLiant.—Collected on gooseberry 
(Ribes sp.) in Illinois. 

Known DistrinutTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New 
Jersey, New York. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 8 
females, taken May 29 to July 14, are from 
Anna, Forest City, Hardin, Havana, Keiths- 
burg, Manito, Palos Park, Quincy, White 
Heath, White Pines Forest State Park. 


Garganus Stal 


Garganus fusiformis (Say) 


Capsus fusiformis Say (1832, p. 24). 

Mate.—Fig. 171. Length 5.10, width 
1.69. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.30. Rostrum, 
length 1.86, slightly exceeding posterior mar- 
gins of hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.95, orange colored and with short, 
fuscous pubescence; second, 1.86, fusiform, 


thickness 0.13, black, thickly clothed with 


Fig. 171.—Garganus fusiformis, &. 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripas, oF ILLINOIS 


181 


slightly flattened, black hairs; third, 0.99, 
slender, black, yellowish at base; fourth, 
1.00, black. Pronotum, length 0.78, width 
at base 1.22. General color black; collar, 
broad area on median line of scutellum, 
inner margin of clavus, embolium, and 
outer margin of cuneus, yellowish to white; 
legs and venter, except genital segment, 
orange colored. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.40, width 1.81. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 0.86, yellow to orange; second, 
1.77, fusiform, greatest thickness 0.17; third, 
1.00; fourth, 1.08. Pronotum, length 0.86, 
width at base 1.35. More robust than male, 
but very similar in pubescence and colora- 
tion. 

Host Piants. — Coltsfoot (Tussilago 
farfara) ; Illinois specimens were taken also 
on smartweed (Polygonum sp.). 

Known DistriputTion.—Alabama, Con- 
necticut, District of Columbia, Florida, 
Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Mary- 
land, Massachusetts, Missouri, North Caro- 
lina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Ontario, 
Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, 
Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Sixty-six males, 46 fe- 
males and 1 nymph, taken June 14 to Oct. 
6, are from Algonquin, Alto Pass, Browns, 
Cairo, Carbondale, Carmi, De Soto, Dixon 
Springs, Dolson, East St. Louis, Elizabeth, 
Elizabethtown, Galesburg, Grand ‘ower, 
Grandview, Herod, Karnak, Metropolis, 
Milo, Mount Carmel, Normal, Pulaski, 
Temple Hill, Urbana, West Pullman. 


Neurccolpus Reuter 
KEY TO! SPECIES 


1. Length of first antennal segment three- 
fifths or more length of second seg- 


Length of first antennal segment not, 
or only slightly, exceeding one-half 
length of second segment.......... 3 

2. Length of first antennal segment nearly 
three-fourths length of second seg- 
ment; tip of rostrum surpassing pos- 
terior margins of hind coxae........ 
Site tail aioe tere eae ieee tiliae, p. 182 

Length of first antennal segment not 
more than two-thirds length of 


second segment; tip of rostrum 
reaching posterior margins of hind 
COA dS ie WIR Fa nubilus, p. 182 


182 
3. Hind femora pale with apical one- 
fourthsblack .2aic haere jessiae, p. 183 
Hind femora fuscous or reddish on 
basal half! ieee rubidus, p. 183 


Neurocolpus nubilus (Say) 


Capsus nubilus Say (1832, p. 22). 

Mate.—Length 6.50, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.12, vertex 0.52. Rostrum, length 
2.70, just attaining posterior margins of 
hind coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.34, moderately compressed, width 0.28, 
pale, with irregular brown marks, clothed 
with prominent, flattened black hairs inter- 
mixed with erect, white bristles; second, 
2.42, yellowish brown, reddish brown to 
black on slightly thickened apical one-third ; 
third, 0.88, black, pale at base; fourth, 0.86, 
blackish. Pronotum, length 1.43, width at 
base 2.12; pale greenish yellow; disk with 
irregular brownish marks; basal half clothed 
with erect, slightly flattened black hairs, in- 
termixed with pale, simple and a few more 
recumbent, sericeous hairs. Scutellum yel- 
lowish, irregularly marked with brown. 
Hemelytra brownish to fuscous, the darker 
color broken by minute yellowish dots and 
irregular spots; cuneus darker at base and 
apex; membrane fuscous with a pale mar- 
ginal spot behind cuneus; veins brown, yel- 
lowish apically. Legs tan; femora showing 
brownish markings; hind pair with brownish 
band at middle of apical half; space before 
band and at apex, yellowish or white; ir- 
regular brownish markings usually breaking 
paler color; tibiae with band at middle and 
at apex dark brown or fuscous and with an- 
other irregular one of same color near base. 

FEMALE.—Length 7.00, width 2.60. More 
robust than male, but very similar in pu- 
bescence and coloration. 

Host PLant.—Buttonbush (Cephalan- 
thus occidentalis); Illinois specimens also 
were collected on cottonwood (Populus del- 
toides), Kentucky coffee tree (Gysmnoclad- 
us dioica) and willow (Salix sp.). 

Known DistrisuTion.—Common in all 
the eastern states and southeastern Canada. 

Illinois Records——One hundred twenty- 
six males and 119 females, taken May 24 to 
Sept. 2, are from Algonquin, Alton, Antioch, 
Ashley, Browns, Champaign, Chicago, De- 
catur, Dolson, Dubois, Duncan Mills, East 
St. Louis, Elizabethtown, Frankfort, Ga- 
lena, Grand ‘Tower, Havana, Herod, 
Horseshoe Lake, Karnak, Keithsburg, Lilly, 


Ittinois NaturaL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 225047 


Monticello, Mound City, Mount Carmel, 
Muncie, Oakwood, Oregon, Palos Park, 
Parker, Quincy, Savanna, Seymour, Shaw- 
neetown, Urbana, Volo, Wauconda, West 
Union, Winchester, York. 


Neurocolpus tiliae Knight 


Neurocolpus tiliae Knight (1934, p. 162). 

Ma e.—Fig. 172. Length 5.70, width 
2.30. Head width 1.00, vertex 0.48. Ros- 
trum, length 2.55, exceeding posterior mar- 
gins of hind coxae, extending to fourth ven- 
tral segment. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.43, slightly compressed, greatest 
width 0.24 near middle, clothed with erect, 
flattened, black hairs, intermixed with erect, 
slightly longer, simple, yellowish hairs, 
orange yellow, irregularly marked with red- 
dish or fuscous dots; second, 2.03, slender, 
becoming clavate on apical third (width 
0.15), pale, thickened part dark red to black- 
ish; third, 0.78, yellowish, apical third black 
with a reddish cast; fourth, 0.74, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 1.25, width at base 1.82, 
basal margin distinctly sinuate at middle. 
Dorsal aspect yellowish to orange red, hem- 
elytra with a considerable number of yel- 
lowish spots which are larger and, in part, 


Fig. 172.— Neurocolpus tiliae, &. 


September, 1941 


confluent on cuneus; scutellum paler, irre- 
gularly marked with dark granulate reticu- 
lations; pronotum yellowish, usually dark- 
ened by hypodermal reddish granulations; 
propleura pale; coxal cleft crossed by two 
irregular dark rays. Membrane fuscous, a 
rounded spot on either side touching margin; 
discal spot, and areas bordering cuneus 
within areoles, less dark. Hemelytra clothed 
with golden, slightly sericeous, recumbent 
pubescence, intermixed with some simple, 
pale to fuscous hairs; pronotum with much 
longer hairs. Body beneath tan to yellow- 
ish; sides of thorax and abdomen darkened 
with reddish and fuscous; two paler longi- 
tudinal lines running through dark color. 
Legs tan to yellowish; hind femora darkened 
on apical half with reddish and fuscous and 
provided with a few flattened, black hairs; 
tibiae pale to reddish, not distinctly banded. 
FEeMALE.—Length 5.60, width 2.30. Very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 
Host PLANtT.—Basswood (Tilia ameri- 
cana). 
Known DistrinuTion.—lIllinois, 
Minnesota, New York, Ontario. 
Illinois Records.—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 
22 ALGONOUIN: July 17, 1896, °19. 
FRANKForRT: June 8, 1933, Mohr & Town- 
send, 1 9. GALEsBuRG: July 24, 1892,4¢. 
Urpana: July 4, 1915, on tree trunk, 19. 


Iowa, 


Neurocolpus jessiae Knight 


Neurocolpus jessiae Knight (1934, p. 163). 

Mave.—Length 6.30, width 2.34. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.43. Rostrum, length 
2.50, extending nearly to hind margins of 
posterior coxae. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.25, slightly compressed, greatest 
width (0.22) near middle, the black scale- 
like hairs only moderately conspicuous, these 
hairs intermixed with a few more nearly 
erect, black bristles, this segment very dark 
brown, closely and irregularly spotted with 
yellowish; second, 2.64, slender, distal half 
gradually tapering to become thicker api- 
cally, part black, basal half yellowish; third, 
1.08, black, yellowish at base; fourth, 1.11, 
black. Pronotum, length 1.34, width at base 
1.95. Dorsum chiefly black, with basal half 
of cuneus, spots on embolium and scutellum, 
and more or less broad area on anterior 
half of pronotum, tan to yellowish; body be- 
neath pallid to yellowish, sides of thorax 
and venter more or less infuscated. Legs 
pallid; apical one-fourth of hind femora 


KwnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaeg, or ILLINors 


183 


black; front and middle femora with irre- 
gular fuscous areas at apices; tibiae pallid; 
front and middle pairs with bases, apices, 
and two narrow rings between, fuscous; 
hind tibiae with basal one-fourth and broad 
band just below middle, black; apices fus- 
cous; tarsi yellowish, apical segment largely 
black. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.50, width 2.30. Very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 

Hasits.—Nymphs and adults were col- 
lected “from panicles of elder fruit” at Ur- 
bana, by C. A. Hart. 

Known DistriputTion.—lIllinois, Iowa, 
Massachusetts, Missouri, Mississippi, New 
York, Ontario, Texas. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
1 Ao GarEsnure: lit "July. 27,1892. 0 4% 
1¢; July 24, 1892, 19. Ursana: July 20, 
1889, from panicles of elder fruit, C. A. 
Hart, 11¢, 169; July 21, 1889, in forest, 
C. A. Hart, 19; July 24, 1889, on elder 
(Sambucus sp.), C. A. Hart,2 4,99. 


Neurocolpus rubidus Knight 


Neurocolpus rubidus Knight (1934, p. 164). 

Mate.—Length 6.00, width 2.10. Head 
width 1.00, vertex 0.41. Rostrum, length 
2.30, just attaining posterior margins of hind 
coxae. Antennae, first segment, length 1.04, 
compressed, greatest width 0.22 near middle, 
reddish, irregularly and closely marked with 
yellowish, usually flattened, black hairs 
abundant, intermixed with somewhat longer, 
pale to fuscous, bristlelike hairs; second, 
2.16, slender, gradually thickened (width 
0.12) on apical half, yellowish, apical half 
reddish; third, 0.82, fuscous, pale at base; 
fourth, 0.83, black. Pronotum, length 1.12, 
width at base 1.73. General coloration red- 
dish, in dark specimens fuscous appearing on 
hemelytra. Embolium and scutellum with 
several yellowish spots; membrane dark 
fuscous, a pale spot on either side at mar- 
gin; veins dark; apical curve of cubitus red- 
dish. Dorsum clothed with golden, seri- 
ceous pubescence intermixed with simple 
yellowish to fuscous hairs; distinct black 
hairs on pronotum. Femora reddish; hind 
pair with a distinct yellowish spot above, 
slightly beyond middle; tibiae yellowish, two 
narrow reddish rings on front and middle 
pair; reddish areas on middle and basal one- 
fourth of hind pair. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.20, width 2.34. Very 
similar to male in form and coloration. 


184 


KNown DIsTRIBUTION. 


Illinois, Kansas, New York, Ohio. 


Illinois Record.—NortTHERN ILLINOIS: 


PRE NE oP Loves 


1. 


Phytocoris Fallen 
KEY TO GROUPS 


Wing membrane confusedly sprinkled 
with discolored or dark spots, or with 
numerous, minute, pale spots; me- 
dian lobe of male genital structure 
provided with a flagellum that lacks 
distinct teeth, fig. 175.Group I, p. 184 


173 174 


Fig. 173.—Head and first antennal segment 


of Phytocoris lasiomerus. 


Fig. 174.—Head and first antennal segment 


of PAytocoris conspurcatus. 


i) 


Wing membrane marbled, uniformly 
dark brown or uniformly light col- 
ored, never with many minute spots 
(except perhaps in some forms of 
quercicola); margins of dark areas of 
membrane sometimes separating 
into small specks, but general effect 
more mottled than spotted; median 
lobe of male genital structure with a 
flagellum bearing distinct teeth, figs. 
176, 178 


Length of first antennal segment less 
thane width of head.) aay saea ee 3 
Length of first antennal segment great- 


en than widthiof heads = 4s.) ieee 4 


First segment of antennae red with 
yellow spots...... Group IV, p. 201 

First segment of antennae not red 
with yellow spots, but yellow, yellow 
with dark spots or brown to almost 


EKG ih a Group III, p. 199 


Ittino1s NatrurAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Connecticut, 


Vol. 227 Asta 


4. Antennae more black or fuscous than 


pallid; if second segment has a broad, 
pale area at middle, then dorsum 
chiefly dark brown to black; general 
coloration dark brown or black on a 
less dark background >) 233s 
Saat es leah eee Group II, p. 191 


Antennae more nearly pale, yellowish 


or reddish rather than dark brown 
or black; second segment sometimes 
partly brown, but with larger pallid 
than brown areas; general coloration 
usually yellowish to reddish on a 
paler background. ..Group IV, p. 201 


Group I 
KEY TO SPECIES 


. First antennal segment greatly thick- 


ened; thickness nearly equal to dor- 
sal width of an eye, fig. 173........ 2 
First antennal segment more slender; 
thickness distinctly less than dorsal 
width of an eye, fig. 174.223 3 


. Basal three-fou ths of second antennal 


segment yellowish, apical one-fourth 
black or very dark brown......... 
HENS @ 2 Ee are lasiomerus, p. 185 
Second antennal segment uniformly 
yellowish, or very slightly dusky 
only at apex... pallidicornis, p. 185 


. Second antennal segment dusky yel- 


low to pale brown, white at base; 
clavus pallid; cortum with an ob- 
lique, dark brown band on basal 
half that joins a brown area ex- 
tending along claval suture; length 
3:00—4 00M as breviusculus, p. 190 
Second antennal segment chiefly 
black, usually with white bands... 4 


. Second antennal segment black at 


base, with a light-colored band 
more distad; length of first antennal 
segment greater than width of pro- 
notum at base; four small, black, 
conical projections, two on either 
side of median line, present near 
posterior margin of pronotum..... 
re Poe ene antennalis, p. 185 
Second antennal segment with a light- t 
colored band at base, black beyond 5 ~ 


. Third antennal segment with pale 


band at base and at middle....... 6 = 
Third antennal segment with pale 
band at base only, or annuli en- 
tirely wanting... 4........-./9eee 7% 


September, 1941 


6. Dorsum bearing both black and white 
scalelike hairs, which are turned on 
edge; ventral half of propleura pal- 
lid, but no distinct white line present 
above middle of coxal cleft........ 
RES? (e A0E 2 De conspurcatus, p. 188 

Dorsum without distinct scalelike 
hairs; propleura white with dorsal 
margin black and a clear-cut, black 
line extending across ventral half 
of coxal cleft to basal margin...... 
3h te ee ee? davisi, p. 187 


7. Second antennal segment with a 
broad, pale yellowish to dusky area 
at middle, dark fuscous only at 
apex and next to pale band at base; 
small, slender species, length 5.10. 
Sedna saat aaa, oar: minutulus, p. 188 

Second antennal segment black with 
a pale band at base, but, at most, 
only a narrow, pallid band at mid- 


MRE en th ren or oe eran) Ve 8 


8. Corium with a longitudinal black 
vitta on middle of apical half, set 
on a grayish background, radius in- 
dicated by an interrupted series of 
black dots; length of first antennal 
segment equal to distance between 
tylus and basal margin of pronotum; 
second antennal segment with a 
light-colored area at base which is 
interrupted on ventral side by a 
backline... .s..0 53 vittatus, p. 190 

Corium without a distinct longitudi- 
nal black vitta on a grayish back- 
ATCA ROO a SE eae ea ee 9 


9. Hind femora very dark brown, apical 
half with small, pale dots only... . 

Dobe eee eae fumatus, p. 188 
Hind femora black, with a large light- 
colored band or numerous large, 

BONIS GLSe aoc toto ac mie set es » 10 


10. Lower half of head black, or pallid and 
masked with: black... 0.2 < jt.:2-o00.5 4% 11 

Lower half of head white; tylus 
Biaekistonly at base... f.oc sc. 12 


11. Second antennal segment with light- 
colored band at middle; mesopleura 
mttortaliy: black x ies esc s oe S- 
‘31' inet eaeiee corticevivens, p. 186 

Second antennal segment without 
light-colored band at middle; mes- 
opleura with pallid ray appearing 
as an extension of that on propleura 
Dercitne er 38 Sold a BYS purvus, p. 187 


12. Length of first antennal segment 


KnicHtT: PLANnt Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 


185 


equal to or greater than width of 
pronotum at base. .albifacies p. 186 
Length of first antennal segment not 
equal to width of pronotum at base 13 
13. Femora black; hind pair with an ob- 
lique, subapical white band, usually 
a few small pallid dots nearby; 
length 6.50....tuberculatus, p. 187 
Femora more pallid than black, apical 
half darkened with fuscous and 
broken by numerous large and small 
pallid spots; length 6.00.......... 
A een aa aes sulcatus p. 190 


Phytocoris lasiomerus Reuter 


Phytocoris lasiomerus Reuter (1909, p. 34). 

Known from Colorado, Iowa, Maine, 
Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New 
York, Ontario, Quebec, Washington, Wis- 
consin, Wyoming. Not as yet recorded from 
Illinois, but should be found in the northern 
part. 


Phytocoris pallidicornis Reuter 


Phytocoris pallidicornis Reuter (1876, p. 69). 

Known from British Columbia, Colorado, 
Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- 
sota, Montana, New Hampshire, New 
York, North Dakota, Wisconsin. Not yet 
taken in Illinois, but should be found in the 
northern part. 


Phytocoris antennalis Reuter 


Phytocoris antennalis Reuter (1909, p. 32). 

Mace.—Length 5.10, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.90, vertex 0.42; testaceous to very 
dark brown; tylus white with middle third 
black. Antennae, first segment, length 1.28, 
very dark brown, inner surface marked with 
four or five pale spots; second, 2.56, black, 
with a narrow, light-colored annulus slight- 
ly distad of base and a second, broader light 
band slightly beyond middle; third, 1.66, 
fusco-brownish, pale at base; fourth, 1.44, 
fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.79, width at 
base 1.43, testaceous to brownish and_ be- 
coming black on area bordering sinuate pale 
area at posterior margin; two small, coni- 
cal projections on either side of middle near 
posterior margin; propleura black, a pale 
ray extending across top of coxal cleft. Scu- 
tellum testaceous to fuscous, with a slender, 
nearly obsolete, pale median line. Hemely- 
tra testaceous to fuscous and clothed with 


186 


yellowish, black and white pubescence; em- 
bolium with an elevated black spot at apex, 
also with a black area at middle which is 
broken by pale marks; corium with a darker 
area bordering clavus and a dark spot at 
middle on outer margin; cuneus reddish to 
black along outer margin and at apex, with 
a black tuft of hairs at middle of inner 
margin and a second one near inner basal 
angle. Membrane rather densely marbled 
with fuscous; more uniformly fuscous api- 
cally and at base and with a somewhat 
light-colored area near apex of cuneus, this 
spot invaded by fuscous marks; veins fus- 
cous. Coxae white, with small lateral areas 
at base dusky red. Femora black, less dark 
at base; hind pair with light spots on ven- 
tral aspect and a rather distinct, subapical, 
light band on dorsal aspect; front pair 
mostly pale, with a longitudinal black bar 
on apical half of anterior face. Front tibiae 
veddish to black, with a pale annulus at 
middle of apical half, a narrower one near 
middle of basal half and a third, nearly 
obsolete one, near base; intermediate tibiae 
chiefly light, but marked with dark reddish; 
hind pair light colored, with variable dark 
brown marks; tarsi fuscous. Venter black, 
sides irregularly tinged with reddish; geni- 
tal segment bearing, above base of left 
clasper, a broad, erect tubercle with a 
vague apical notch and another smaller 
tubercle above base of right clasper; clasp- 
ers distinctive for species. 

FemMALE—Length 6.20, width 1.90; more 
robust than male, but very similar in color- 
ation. 

Hasits. — Usually collected at lights; 
probably predacious. 

Known DistrisutTion.—District of Co- 


lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, 
Mississippi, New York, Oklahoma, Vir- 
ginia. 

Illinois Record. — CuHampaicn: June 


13,1888; C: AmHart, 164% 


Phytocoris albifacies Knight 


Phytocoris albifacies Knight (1926g, p. 159). 

FEMALE.—Length 5.90, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.11, vertex 0.46. Lower half of face, 
or ventrad to a line running through base 
of tylus and lower margin of eyes, white; 
vertex more or less colorless, a curved, white 
mark touching inner margin of each eye. 
Rostrum, length 3.43, attaining base of 
ovipositor, white, with third and fourth 


Ittino1is NaturAaL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


segments black. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.80, black, dorsal aspect with two 
smooth, white spots on apical half and four 
or five smaller spots on basal half, spines 
both fuscous and light colored, short, length 
scarcely equal to thickness of segment; sec- 
ond, 3.30, mostly black, almost colorless at 
base for a space of 0.23, and a pale annulus 
of equal length beginning at middle; third, 
1.77, black, paler at base; fourth, 1.31, 
black. Pronotum, length 1.06, width at 
base 1.69; black, with lower margin of pro- 
pleura, xyphus, and collar to a point behind 
lower margin of eye, white; disk more or 
less fuscous, basal margin somewhat pale, 
with two black, elevated spots on either side 
of median line. Scutellum fuscous to black; 
basal angles and apex pale. NHemelytra 
black; with several small spots on embolium, 
base of cuneus, a triangular spot at apex of 
corium and spot near middle, tending to- 
ward pale. Membrane mostly very dark 
brown with paler areas sprinkled with fus- 
cous dots; cubitus almost entirely colorless. 
Sternum and pleura black, margins border- 
ing coxae pale. Venter principally black, 
with most of ventral area light except on 
last segment. Legs black with almost color- 
less marks much as in corticevivens Knight; 
femora black, with numerous minute, pale 
spots, a somewhat larger, light-colored spot 
indicating an oblique, subapical annulus. 
Dorsum clothed with rather short, black, 
simple pubescence intermixed with silvery 
and golden, silky pubescence. 

Mare.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Very 
similar to female in coloration, although 
generally darker. Genital claspers distinc- 
tive and indicating a close relationship to 
corticevivens. 

Hasirs.—Occurs on the bark of pecan 
trees where it is probably predacious. 


Known DistripuTion. — Illinois and 
Mississippi. 
Illinois Record. — Harrispurc: June 


15, 1934, at lights, DeLong & Ross, 19. 


Phytocoris corticevivens Knight 


Phytocoris corticevivens Knight (1920, p. 63, 
pl. I, fig. 6). 

Mate.—Length 6.60, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.39. Rostrum, length — 
3.03, reaching fifth abdominal sternite. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.60, black, 
basal half with five or six small, smooth, 


® 


white spots, each bearing a few erect, short — 


2. 


September, 1941 


bristles; second, 3.00, very dark brown, 
with a pallid band at base and another, nar- 
row one at middle; third, 1.69, black, pallid 
only at base; fourth, 1.30, black. Pronotum, 
length 1.16, width at base 1.90. Dorsum 
clothed with rather short, recumbent, black 
pubescence intermixed with yellowish to 
golden, silky hairs. General coloration 
black, with small, light-colored spots on 
embolium, between calli, on apical area of 
corium, and a narrow, pale area at base of 
cuneus. Membrane almost colorless, thick- 
ly and rather uniformly marbled with fusco- 
brownish. Legs black; hind femora with a 
few small, light spots; entire coxae light 
colored, except at bases; tibiae with two 
pallid bands, those of hind pair becoming 
obsolete, spots and spines of tibiae almost 
white. Genital claspers distinctive, fig. 175, 
a small tubercle present above base of each 
clasper. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.80, width 2.50. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Hasits.—Predacious. In Minnesota, I 
collected a series of nymphs and adults on 
the bark of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) ; 
both nymphs and adults were well concealed 
as they crouched in crevices of the bark, ap- 
parently awaiting their prey. 

Known DistrinuTIon.—Connecticut, 
Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Mis- 
sourl, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, On- 
tario, Texas, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 
79; July, 19. AtconouINn: 1 ¢ ; June 5, 
1895, 14. Fox Lake: June 10, 1936, Ross 
& Burks, 29. GaALesBurG: June 21, 1892, 
1¢. Ursana: May 31, 1889, C. A. Hart, 
| oe 


Phytocoris tuberculatus Knight 


Phytocoris tuberculatus Knight (1920, p. 64.) 

Mave.—Length 6.50, width 2.10. Head 
width 1.10, vertex 0.39; lower half of head 
white; very dark brown across base of tylus; 
frons with oblique dark lines. Rostrum, 
length 3.42, extending to sixth abdominal 
sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.51, black, dorsal aspect with several 
smooth, white spots; second, 3.12, black, 
pallid at base, a yellowish annulus at middle, 
this band sometimes nearly obsolete; third, 
1.86, black, pallid at base. Pronotum, length 
1.16, width at base 1.95. Dorsum clothed 


with short, black pubescence intermixed with 


KnicHt: PLAnt Bucs, or Miripaz, or ILLINOIS 


187 


pale yellowish, silky hairs. General color 
fuscous to black; pronotum and scutellum 
with paler areas; embolium with small pal- 
lid spots. Membrane fuscous, paler areas 
stippled with small fuscous dots. Legs black, 
coxae light colored, hind femora with an 
oblique white band near apex and a few 
small, pallid spots an apical half. Genital 
claspers, flagellum, long tubercle above base 
of left clasper, and shorter one above right 
clasper, distinctive for species, fig. 175. 
FEMALE.—Length 6.90, width 2.55. More 
robust than male; very similar in coloration, 
but dorsum often lighter in color. 
Hapsirs.—Collected chiefly at lights. 
Known Distripution. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North 
Carolina, Oklahoma, Texas, Wisconsin. 
Illinois Records. — GaALesspurc: | ¢. 
UrBANA: June 20, 1909, 12. 


Phytocoris davisi Knight 


Phytocoris davisi Knight (1923d, p. 624). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
New Jersey and New York. 


Phytocoris purvus Knight 


Phytocoris purvus Knight (19274, p. 17). 

This species is allied to minutulus Reu- 
ter, but differs from it in the shorter first 
antennal segment, the black second anten- 
nal segment with a narrow, pale annulus at 
base only, in the larger eyes and narrow 
vertex, the distinctive subapical marks on 
the scutellum, and the structure of the male 
genital claspers. 

Mate.—Length 5.50, width 1.90. Head 
width 1.05, vertex 0.22; eyes large and 
prominent, vertex chiefly almost colorless, 
frons with six transverse dark lines, ventral 
area of frons and tylus black, a V-shaped 
white mark on basal half of tylus, juga white 
with a transverse black mark on dorsal half, 
lora black with a light-colored area on lower 
margin which joins the similarly colored 
areas on the much reduced genae and gula. 
Rostrum, length 2.60, extending to fifth ab- 
dominal sternite, pale yellowish with apex 
very dark brown. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.11, only slightly greater than width 
of head, black, with ventral side light, black 
area broken by several white spots, a white 
seta arising from each spot; second, 2.80, 
black, narrow pale area at base; third, 1.45, 


188 


black, narrow pale area ‘at base; fourth, 
1.09, black. Pronotum,. length 0.83, width 
at base 1251; fuscous to black, paler on calli 
and central area of disk, lower margin of 
propleura almost’ white. Scutellum pale, 
with a pair of well defined dark’ brown, 
subapical, marginal spots. Sternum: pale, 
sides and pleura black. Dorsum rather uni- 
formly dark fuscous, with light-colored 
spots on embolium and'a somewhat paler 
area at middle of corium. Clothed with fus- 
cous, simple pubescence, intermixed with 
white, silky hairs in numerous spots. Mem- 
brane almost colorless, speckled with numer- 
ous small brownish to fuscous ‘spots, the 
 preapical area and margins of areoles more 
evenly fuscous; veins fuscous, white areas 
present around apices of areoles. Legs 
black, marked with more or less confluent, 
white spots, these spots forming a well- 
defined preapical white annulus. Genital 
claspers distinctive; left clasper with inner 
arm much flattened, 
much: as in guercicola Knight. 

Femave.—Length 5.30, width 2.00. Very 
similar to’ male in pubescence and colora- 
tion..<% 5 

Hagsirts. = Collected anieAly about lights; 
a singlé Illinois “specimen was taken on 
cypress (T'axodium distichum). 

Known  DistripuTIoN.—District of Co- 


lumbia, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, South 
Carolina. 
Illinois Record. — Karnak: July 28, 


1930, on Taxodium distichum, Knight & 
Ross, 19. | 


Phytocoris minutulus Reuter 


Phytocoris minutulus Reuter (1909, p. 24). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Mary- 
land, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New 
York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Vir- 
ginia. , o 


Phytocoris fumatus Reuter 


» Phytocoris fumatus Reuter (1909, p. 25): a 

Mare.—Length 7.00, width 2.30. Head 
width 1.17, vertex 0.40; front with five ob- 
lique ‘black lines on either side of median 
line and a transverse black .area between 
bases of antennae; lower half of face white; 
base of tylus, base of jugum, and spot. on 
dorsal margin’ at’ base of lorum, black; a 


rather irregular reddish band extends across — 


middle of tylus. Rostrum, length 4.20, attain- 
ing base of genital segment, pale with apical 


Irtinots NAaturAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


right clasper sbaped 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


segment brownish. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.57, equal to distance between pos- 
terior margin of pronotum and a line drawn 
through eyes at a point slightly before 
middle, black, with pale spots on dorsal side, 
two largest spots on apical half; second, 3.10, 
dark brown with pallid areas on dorsal side 
at base and middle, areas at middle vague; 
third, 1.79, black with almost white area 
0.17 wide at base; fourth, 1.30, black. Hem- 
elytra fuscous to black; a large yellowish 
and translucent spot at apex of corium near 
base of cuneus; embolium irregularly trans- 
lucent and darkened with fuscous; cuneus 
very slightly lighter at base, a tuft of black 
hair on inner margin near base and a simi- 
lar tuft at apex of corium; pubescence black, 
intermixed with pale, silky pubescence. 
Membrane pale, thickly and rather uniform- 
ly marbled with fusco-brownish; veins dark, 
pale at apex, of larger areole: . Legs-.very 


dark brown, entire coxae light colored-excepty» 


spot near base; trochanters pallid; femora - 
with numerous, small, pallid spots, a slightly 
larger, nearly colorless spot on anterior as- 
pect near apex, this mark not quite forming 
a subapical band; front and middle tibiae 
pale at middle and with another, rather dis- 
tinct pale band at middle of apical half; 
tarsi fuscous. Venter black, with yellowish 
pubescence; genital segment and claspers dis- 


tinctive, fig. 175. 


Femace.—Length 7.60, width 2.60; larger 
and more robust than male; very similar to 
male in coloration, but dorsum lighter col- 
ored; first antennal segment longer than in 
male, equal to distance between posterior 
margin of pronotum and a line drawn 
through front margins of eyes. 

Known DistripuTion.—District of Co- 
ee Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, 
New.-Jersey,, New. York, North Carolina. 
Illinois Record.—Cuampaicn: July 7, 

1887, C. A. Hart, 12. 


Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight 


Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight (1920, p. 61). 

This species is distinquished by its’ dark, 
marbled membrane and by the pale band at 
the middle of the first, and second antennal 
segments; the dorsum is thickly clothed with 
black, deciduous, scalelike hairs intermixed 
with small‘ patches of dense, white, woolly 
hairs. 

Mare.—Length 5.90, width 2.10. Head 


width 1.06, vertex 0.34; infuscation similar 


September, 1941 KnicHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripnag, or ILLINOIS 189 


to that of canadensis Van Duzee. Rostrum, 
length 2.60, attaining base of genital seg- 
ment. Antennae, first segment, length 1.20, 
black, with irregular minute, white spots 
beset with from 14 to 16 almost colorless 
setae; second, 2.50, black, with a light- 
colored annulus at base and a second, simi- 
lar band beginning at middle and extending 


dark fuscous to black, more or less pallid 
on under side at base; genital claspers and 
long tubercle above base of left clasper, fig. 
175, distinctive for species. 

FEMALE.—Very similar to male in size 
and coloration. 

Hasits.—This is a predacious, bark-in- 
habiting species, which the author has taken 


CONSPURCATUS “® 


SULCATUS 


Fig. 175.—Male genital claspers of Phytocoris, Group I. 4, left clasper, lateral aspect; B, 
right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum; D, left clasper, caudal aspect. 


for a space of 0.30; third, 1.48, pallid at 
base and at middle; fourth, 1.11, black. 
Pronotum, length 1.54, width at base 1.70; 
form and coloration very similar to those in 
eximius Reuter, but differing by having 
black, scalelike hairs; scutellum thickly cov- 
ered with white, woolly pubescence. Hem- 
elytra rather uniformly darkened, a tri- 
angular pallid spot at tip of corium border- 
ing cuneus; thickly clothed with black, scale- 
like hairs intermixed with small patches of 
dense, white, woolly hairs. Membrane 
thickly marbled with dark fuscous; cubital 
vein pallid at apex of larger areole; dark 
spots scattered near apices of cells. Legs 
-marked very much like those of canadensis, 
_ but pale band near apex of hind femora more 
| or less interrupted on ventral side. Venter 


} 
| 


on the boles of linden (Tilia americana), 
elm (Ulmus sp.), walnut (Juglans nigra), 
pear (Pyrus communis), apple (Pyrus ma- 
lus), willow (Salix sp.) aud maple (Acer 
sp.) ; frequently attracted to light. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, lowa, Kansas, 
Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missis- 
sippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New 
Jersey, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, 
South Dakota, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Twenty-three males 
and 23 females, taken May 17 to Septem- 
ber, are from Alton, Antioch, Carbondale, 
Champaign, Darwin, Galesburg, Grafton, 
Havana, Mahomet, Odin, Palos Park, 
Quincy, Shawneetown, Starved Rock State 
Park, Urbana. 


190 


Phytocoris vittatus Reuter 


Phytocoris vittatus Reuter (1909, p. 28). 

Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
New York; has been collected on prickly 
gooseberry (Ribes cynosbati). 


Phytocoris sulcatus Knight 


Phytocoris sulcatus Knight (1920, p. 64). 

In form, this species is very similar to 
fumatus Reuter, but the latter is larger; 
the pronotum of sulcatus is more distinctly 
sulcate at the sides and immediately behind 
the calli; the pallid bands at the base and 
the middle of the second antennal segment 
are more distinct; the dorsum is distinctly 
paler; and the outer half of the clavus and 
the inner apical angles of the corium are 
very dark brown, almost black. 

Mare.—Length 6.00, width 1.80. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.30. Rostrum, length 
2.80, extending to fifth abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.25, black, 
with one large and several small white, 
smooth spots; second, 2.64, mostly black, 
pallid at base and a yellowish band at 
middle; third, 1.47, fuscous, pallid at base; 
fourth, 1.21, dark fuscous. Pronotum, 
length 0.99, width at base 1.60; lateral mar- 
gins of disk and immediately behind calli dis- 
tinctly sulcate. Dorsum clothed with sil- 
very to yellowish, silky pubescence, inter- 
mixed with more nearly erect, short, black 
hairs. General color fuscous to black, with 
paler spots and areas; membrane pallid, 
rather thickly and evenly marbled with fus- 
cous. Femora with a broad pallid area at 
base, apical half black with several pallid 
spots; hind pair with an irregular, oblique, 
subapical pallid band. Front and middle 
tibiae with black and white bands; hind pair 
without distinct white bands. Genital clasp- 
ers, flagellum and a large, thick tubercle 
above base of left clasper, fig. 175, distinc- 
tive for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.03. More 
robust than the male but very similar in 
color and pubescence. 

Hasits.—Occurs on the bark of linden 
(Tilia americana), on bur oak (Quercus 
macrocarpa) and elm (Ulmus sp.); prob- 
ably predacious. 

Known Distrizution.—Connecticut; 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Kan- 
sas, Michigan, Minnesota, 
South Dakota, Virginia. 


Pennsylvania, 


Ittinois NaturaL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Illinois Records.—Five males and 7 fe- 
males, taken May 22 to Aug. 21, are from 
Argo, Beverly Hills, Champaign, Dubois, 
Galesburg, Quincy, St. Anne, Urbana. 


Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter 


Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter (1876, p. 68). 

Mace.—Length 3.90, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.84, vertex 0.30; lower face white, 
marked with reddish brown. Rostrum, 
length 1.94, extending to sixth abdominal 
sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.63, reddish brown, marked with four or 
five white, smooth spots, spines pallid; sec- 
ond, 1.51, dusky yellow, white annulus at 
base; third, 1.04, fuscous, pallid at base; 
fourth, 0.78, fuscous. Pronotum, length 
0.78, width at base 1.38, disk dusky yellow, 
central area more nearly pure yellow, basal 
edge white, this white area bordered by an 
undulating, fuscous line. Dorsum clothed 
with simple fuscous hairs thickly intermixed 
with white and yellowish, silky pubescence. 
Hemelytra pale yellowish; broad fuscous 
area along claval suture; inner apical angles 
and a broad, transverse band on basal half 
of corium fuscous. Cuneus yellowish to 
white; disk with several small brown dots; 
apex fuscous. Membrane thickly marbled 
with fuscous; two small, white spots on out- 
er margin of apical half. Legs pale yellow- 
ish; hind femora very dark brown, this 
dark color broken by numerous pale dots; 
front and middle femora marked with red- 
dish brown on apical half. Tibiae with three 
fuscous bands; hind pair dark fuscous with 
numerous white dots. Genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, a prominent tubercle above base 
of left clasper. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.10, width 1.64. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Hasits.—A predacious species which may 
be collected about lights. Reared in Ohio 
on apple branches which were heavily in- 
fested with San José scale. 

Known DistriputTion.—Alabama, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Missis- 
sippi, Ohio, Texas. Common in Texas, but 
rare east of the Mississippi River. 

Illinois Records. — ALsion: July 16, 


1937, on blackberry, Mohr & Burks, 3¢- = 


ALTON: July 19-21, 1932, on Crataegus, 
Ross & Dozier, 32,49. FAIRFIELD: June 
12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 9. JONESBORO: 
Aug. 2, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 19. URBANA: 


September, 1941 


ialy.31, 
poe). He Frison, 14 , 2:9 . 


to 


KNIGHT: 


1932,.H. LL. Dozier, 1.4; Sept., 


Group II 
KEY “FO SPECIES 


. Apex of abdomen with  claspers 
(males); couplets 2-17 illustrated 
Wea ee access © ae ea Ss 6 2 

Apex of abdomen without claspers (fe- 
males); fully mature, well preserved 
specimens necessary for this sec- 
tion of key.. 5 ...18 


Basal Metiice a left Peeper “oe 
thumblike projection, e.g., erectus... 3 
Basal shoulder of left clasper STihouk 
thumblike projection, e.g., Ausseyi. 5 
. Basal projection of left clasper ex- 
tending vertically as a tall, thick 
process bluntly rounded at apex... 
PE ne aR AT oaiecach ho es erectus, p. 199 
Basal projection of left clasper rather 
slender and acute, e.g., canadensis.. 4 


. Right clasper with dorsal process ex- 
tending half the length of ventral 
process t5.".. 3..- canadensis, p. 193 

Right clasper with dorsal process not 
over one-third the length of ventral 
process......brevifurcatus, p. 194 


. Basal shoulder of right clasper with- 
out angulate projection, ¢.g., schotti 6 
Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 
thumblike or angulate projection, 
Bae e POBUPCIEN koi eee ane 3 2 
. Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 
rounded hump...... schotti, p. 197 
Basal shoulder of right clasper with- 
out rounded hump, e.g., Ausseyi... 7 
. Genital segment with a distinct tuber- 
cle above base of left clasper...... 
ESE Sect 6 a= aos husseyi, p. 199 
Genital segment without tubercle 
above base of left clasper, e.g., 
eM eB ae ir cRTe ee is Ag a) gs 


. Base of left clasper with angulate 


SHOWER 6m. 2 ers cme obtectus, p. 199 
Base of left clasper without angulate 
SVE C0 bs Fr ae Sa salicis, p. 196 


. Tip of right clasper hooked downward 
See NS Nh cc penipecten, p. 199 

Tip of right clasper projecting straight 
or curved upward, e.g., buenoi, spi- 


. Tip of right clasper straight, e¢.g., 
LETT 3 aA Dea oe SE a 11 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 


Li 


13, 


14. 


jee 


16. 


18. 


191 


Tip of right clasper curved upward, 
CLS, SPIAHISAE SA TE EEA, Yet 12 

Base of left clasper convexly rounded 
Meee Ig ye ak buenoi, p. 197 

Base of left clasper sinuate.......... 
Sp me des ie nigricollis, p. 197 


. Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 


slender fingerlike process project- 

ing vertically, e.g., spicatus....... 13 
Basal shoulder of right clasper with a 

more angulate process, e.g., /acunos- 


Basal fingerlike process of right clasper 
tapering very little on apical half. . 
guaran ath athe eae Ss spicatus, p. 196 

Basal fingerlike process tapering grad- 
ually from base to apex.......... 
ieee ara oe cortitectus, p. 196 

Thumblike process at middle of right 
clasper sloping away from tip of 
Claspete faye. var lacunosus, p. 197 

Thumblike process at middle of right 
clasper vertical in position, e.g., 
OPEL SELE Son) inde es crtigh Vase Pari 9 ieee 15 

Wall of genital segment with a promi- 
nent, blunt tubercle at a point well 
above base of left clasper......... 
LCM re hat hs gee arundinicola, p. 198 

Wall of genital segment without tu- 
bercle above base of left clasper. . .16 

Apical half of right clasper with 
sides parallel to point near apex... 
eS UTS Reet angustulus, p. 197 

Apical half of right clasper tapering 
gradually from base, e.g., onustus. .17 


. Length of right clasper beyond base 


of dorsal process equal to four 
times the width of base at this point 
Be nec eee eee onustus, p. 194 
Length of right clasper beyond base 
of dorsal process not over two and 
one-half times the width of base at 
Enis POE ese! neglectus, p. 194 
Coritum with distinct black or dark 
fuscous mark across apical area, 
this mark extending obliquely from 
radius to inner apical angle of cor- 
ium; dark area never broken with 
numerous, minute, — light-colored 
SOE: a are atin eel erie 19 
Corium without distinct black mark 
across apical area; sometimes with a 
fuscous area, but this dark color 
broken by numerous, paler spots, 
or, if not, then dark-colored area on 
radius distinctly darker than oblique 
infuscation on corium............. 28 


192 


19. Pronotal disk uniformly deep black, 
with a narrow, pale area at basal 
margin; scutellum yellowish, with 
an oblique, black mark on either 
side of median line beginning at 
middle of disk and extending to 
margin at a point slightly beyond 
middle.wwies nies nigricollis, p. 197 

Pronotal disk pale grayish to very 
deep gray, always paler on middle 
and never deep blacks, &-ea-. 20 


20. Scutellum with distinct black mark on 
either side of apical half extending 
from lateral margin obliquely ceph- 
alad to near middle of disk........ 21 

Scutellum with black spot at margin 
on either side of apical half, this 
mark scarcely longer than broad, 
at most not extending more than 


half way to middle of disk........ 24 


21. Pale areas at lower margins of pro- 
pleura extending upon sides of ster- 
num; hind femora mostly black ex- 
cept at base; pale spots small, 
largest spot not wider than narrow 
pale band located slightly beyond 
middic ofapical halivce 2). 
Peper See eran hs husseyi, p. 199 

Pale areas at lower margins of pro- 
pleura not extending upon sides of 
StSrMOMNe - Prise Aes ees Ses ete 22 


22. Hind femora of female with large ir- 
regular pale spots on anterior face, 
these spots connected by a longi- 
tudinal, almost colorless bar which 
does not attain subapical pale band; 
length 7.30-7.60....onustus, p. 194 

Hind femora of female with small 
spots; without distinct, longitudinal 
pale bar on anterior face.......... 23 


23. Membrane with infuscation on cen- 
tral area tending to separate into 
small specks; front of head with 
black, transverse striations on either 
side,ot medianvlines ge 0n ssn 
a coir og Bick, Sean neglectus, p. 194 

Membrane more uniformly infuscated, 
color not separating into small 
specks; front of head without dis- 
tinct, black striations even when 
hemelytra are very dark; reddish 
lines usually evident on frons..... 
fo, SG Depa Rene aoe spicatus, p. 196 

24. Hind femora with distinct white band 
placed slightly beyond middle of 
apical half,-and usually with large, 


Ittino1s NATuRAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


30. 


. Hemelytra more brownish than black; 


V ol. 22, Arta 


light-colored spots near middle. . . .25 
Hind femora without distinct white 

band on apical half; light-colored 

spots usually rather small........ | 


. Second antennal segment black except 


at base, dorsal aspect not distinctly 
paler; scutellum and clavus clothed 
with erect black hairs intermixed 
with prominent white, silky pubes- 
CENCE! aos eae buenoi, p. 197 
Second antennal segment distinctly 
almost white or yellowish on dorsal 
aspect, darker at apex and on area 
bordering light-colored basal an- 
nuluss\.... 0540.6. oer 26 


26. Propleura mostly black, only lower 


margin white; tibiae with distinct 
light-colored and black bands..... 
ad ca oe ee canadensis, p. 193 
Propleura mostly pale, with a longi- 
tudinal, black ray crossing coxal 
cleft; tibiae light to dusky, not 
banded:.. 2.5. arundinicola, p. 198 


. Corium with very heavy, triangular 


black mark set obliquely across apex; 
hind femora with two or three large 
white spots on dorsal surface; cun- 
eus usually reddish. .erectus, p. 199 
Corium with light, almost interrupted 
fuscous mark set obliquely across 
apex; hind femora with small white 
spots only; cuneus rarely if ever red- 
cish;@h. 4 ya brevifurcatus, p. 194 


. Apical half of corium distinctly green- 


ish; second antennal segment black 

with pale annulus at base........ 

tone] Sac hehe haat oa penipecten, p.199 © 
No part of corium distinctly green...29 


dark color on apical area of cortum 
and on middle of clavus broken into ‘ 
small spots. ..c.:.J: 44. 2 eee 30 
Hemelytra sometimes brownish, but 

usually black; dark area not dis- 


tinctly broken into small spots... .31 


Second antennal segment uniformly 
black except for pallid annulus at 
base; vertex narrow, its width less 
than dorsal width of aneye....... 
Vai PR tec k Ne aa schotti, p. 197 

Second antennal segment chiefly yel- 
lowish brown, black at apex and on 
area bordering pallid basal annulus; 
vertex wider, equal to dorsal width 
Of AN Eyes.) Saueaeeee salicis,.p..196 


September, 1941 


31. Front and vertex almost colorless to 
yellowish, not distinctly marked 
with black, rarely with short, vague, 
red lines near each eye; scutellum 
almost colorless to yellowish; a small 
rounded, brown to fuscous spot 
located near either margin at middle 
of apical half. ..angustulus, p. 197 

Front and vertex marked with trans- 
WEES DIACK NINES: (v1 sft ci). cas ote « 32 


32. Scutellum chiefly very dark brown, 
with irregular paler spots; a median, 
slender, pale line present, this line 
irregularly invaded by the darker 
ROE Mate See obtectus, p. 199 

Scutellum chiefly pale to grayish, but 
with black mark at either side on 
apical. 7c ids ere ee ye: & 33 


33. Corium with a longitudinal pale area 
that extends upon base of cuneus 
without interruption; a black line 
paralleling radius but, at apex, 
curving outward to fracture...... 
Lec nae ae ne lacunosus, pe 197 

Apical half of corium rather distinctly 
darkened with fuscous, scarcely 
paler than dark marks along radius 
oo hen Sere cortitectus, p. 196 


Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee 


Phytocoris eximius Knight (1920, p. 51) not 
Reuter. 

Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee (1920, p. 
346). 

Mave.—Length 5.70, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.94, vertex 0.35; yellowish, fre- 
quently tinged with reddish and marked with 
black. Rostrum, length 2.40, attaining basal 
margin of genital segment. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.28, yellowish, with irregu- 
lar fuscous mottling, bearing five or six 
long, almost colorless setae; second, 2.77, 
chiefly fuscous, paler at base for a space 
of 0.17, infuscation distinctly paler on dor- 
sal aspect of middle third, but becoming 
darker toward either end; third, 1.60, chiefly 
dark fuscous, pale at base for a space of 
0.14, with another very narrow, light- 
colored space at apex; fourth, 1.25, black. 
Pronotum, length 0.91, width at base 1.60, 
disk light yellow brown to fuscous, central 
area frequently grayish green, paler anter- 
iorly, narrow light-colored area at basal 
margin, .and six black points which fre- 
quently fuse located near basal margin; 
disk distinctly hairy, longest hairs at anter- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripae, OF ILLINOIS 


193 


ior angles, hairs taking color of surface 
from which they arise; propleura black, 
with lower margins and a mark extending 
across base of coxal cleft almost white. 
Scutellum dull yellow brown, with a black 
mark present on either side near apex. 
Hemelytra clothed with prominent yellow- 
ish pubescence intermixed with groups of 
white, deciduous woolly hairs, but dark 
hairs arising from dark areas; greenish gray 
to fuscous; base, middle and a triangular 
spot just before cuneus of corium, and sev- 
eral spots on embolium, paler and more or 
less translucent. Tip of embolium, an 
oblique, nearly triangular patch lying just 
inside of radius at apex of corium, and area 
bordering apical two-thirds of claval suture, 
fuscous to black. Cuneus translucent gray, 
with apex, a small point along inner margin, 
and a second near basal angle, black; paler 
parts usually showing some brownish or 
reddish coloration. Membrane fuscous, with 
a large, almost colorless area just beyond 
small areole and tip of cuneus, this area 
divided by a small fuscous spot which 
touches the margin; central area more or 
less invaded by a paler streak; cubitus dis- 


tinctly pallid at apex of areoles. Legs, coxae 


and bases of femora pallid; front and inter- 
mediate femora with a series of irregular 
reddish brown to fuscous marks; poste- 
rior femora chiefly black with many large 
and small, light-colored spots; pale patches 
most numerous and tending to coalesce on 
inner side; an irregular, light-colored an- 
nulation located a short space before apex 
and a second one situated nearer middle, 
but latter annulus interrupted on outside. 
Tibiae with fuscous and pale annuli; hind 
pair infuscated and with irregular pallid 
spots; a broad, pale area on basal one-third ; 
spines almost colorless to brownish. Genital 
claspers and flagellum, fig. 176, distinctive 
for species. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.70, width 2.05. Usu- 
ally very similar to male in coloration; im- 
perfect or poorly colored specimens can 
never with certainty be distinguished from 
females of closely related species. 

Hasits.—This species occurs on a number 
of plants in various situations; it is largely 
if not wholly, predacious. Collected in Illi- 
nois on hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), 
gooseberry (Ribes sp.) and _ buttonbush 
(Cephalanthus occidentalis). 

Known DisrripuTion.—Connecticut, 
Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, 


194 


Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- 
sota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, 
North Carolina, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsyl- 
vania, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records——Eight males and 15 
females, collected June 14 to Sept. 27, are 
from Antioch, Argo, Channel Lake, Dan- 
ville, De Soto, Dolson, Galena, Harrisburg, 
Herod, Karnak, Lawrenceville, Marshall, 
Rock Island, Seymour, Shawneetown, Vi- 
enna. Blatchley (19264, p. 720) records the 
species from Maywood under the name 
eximius Reuter. 


Phytocoris brevifurcatus Knight 


oe brevifurcatus Knight (1920, p. 
53). 

This species is very similar to canadensis 
Van Duzee, but lacks the heavy, oblique, 
fuscous mark at the apex of the corium; 
the second antennal segment is darker fus- 
cous on the middle third; the head and pro- 
notum are distinctly grayish green on the 
paler parts; the posterior femora have 
smaller pale spots and are not distinctly 
banded with pale yellow brown. 

Ma.e.—Length 5.80, width 2.14. Head 
width 0.95, vertex 0.34. Rostrum, length 
2.51, reaching to seventh abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.21; second, 
2.55; third, 1.47; fourth, 1.34. Pronotum, 
length 0.91, width at base 1.69. Genital 
claspers distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

FEmMALE.—Length 5.80, width 2.20. Head 
width 0.96, vertex 0.41. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.36; second, 2.77; third, 1.47; 
fourth, 1.21. Pronotum, length 0.91, width 
at base 1.70. 


Known DistrisuTion. — Illinois, New 
York, Ontario. 
Illinois Record. — HorsEsHoE LAKE: 


July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. 


Phytocoris neglectus Knight 


Phytocoris neglectus Knight (1920, p. 54). 

This resembles canadensis Van Duzee, 
but the second antennal segment is uniformly 
black with a white annulation at the base, 
the middle tibiae have an apical white band 
and the infuscation at the middle of the 
membrane tends to form small specks. 

Mave.—Length 6.20, width 2.20. Head 
width 0.99, vertex 0.32. Rostrum, length 
2.60, extending to fifth abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.17, black, 


Itttnois NAtuRAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


with several white, smooth spots; second, 
2.68, black, a narrow white annulus at base; 
third, 1.38, black, white at base; fourth, 
1.05, black. Pronotum, length 0.91, width 
at base 1.75. Genital claspers and flagellum 
distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.00, width 2.30. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Hasits.—I have collected this species 
most frequently on the bark of apple trees 
where both nymphs and adults fed on 
psocids. It has, also, been collected on the 
bark of other trees and is probably preda- 
cious on soft-bodied insects living in such 
situations. In New York the species was 
collected from June to October, which in- 
dicates two generations for the season. 

Known Distrisution. — Illinois, lowa, 
Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minne- 
sota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New 
York, Ontario, South Carolina, South Da- 
kota, Washington. 

Illinois Records. — ELizaABETHTOWN: 
May 27-31, 1932, H. L. Dozier, 1 g. Fair- 
FIELD: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. 
GALENA: June 28, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 
1g. KerrHspurc: June 15, 1932, H. L. 
Dozier, 1¢. SHAWNEETOWN: June 23, 
1936, DeLong & Ross, 19. Urbana: June 
13318854145. 


Phytocoris onustus Van Duzee 


Phytocoris onustus Van Duzee (1920, p. 
44), 


Mate.—Length 6.80, width 2.50. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.35; head pale yellowish; 
oblique lines on frons, base and middle ot 
tylus, lora, and base of jugum, fuscous to 
black. Rostrum, length 3.16, reaching fifth 
abdominal sternite. Antennae, first segment, 
length 1.41, black, with four or five white, 
smooth spots and a few yellowish bristles; 
second, 3.33, black, a narrow white annulus 
at base; third, 1.60, black, narrow white 
area at base; fourth, 1.29, black. Pronotum, 
length 1.12, width at base 2.00. Clothed 
with erect, short, black hairs intermixed 
with a moderate amount of recumbent, pale 
yellowish, silky pubescence. General color 
fuscous to black over a pale yellowish, 
ground color; propleura, except lower mar- 
gin, black; lateral margins and basal band 
of pronotal disk, black; basal edge white; 
scutellum yellowish, a black marginal spot 
on either side on apical half; hemelytra 


September, 1941 Knicut: PLant Bucs, or Mirinar, or ILviNors 195 


8 


A 8 
ERECTUS 


9 


8 
, 
c Lo. 


BREVIFURCATUS Bh OLSCHOTT/ HUSSEY/ 


Kez 
i 3 
Ae Man Lats SP/CATUS Ns 
oo y= Y 
8 
ma. A, 
LACUNOSUS A 
US 
ARUNDINICOLA 
D) B 
(4 B 


A 8 Cc 
OBTECTUS 


CORTITECT 


= 


<< A 


Fig. 176.—Male gential claspers of Phytocoris, Group II. 4, left clasper, lateral aspect; B, 
right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum. 


ONUSTUS NEGLECTUS 


196 


shaded with very dark brown spots on em- 
bolium; an area at middle, and a triangular 
patch at outer apical angle of corium, pale 
yellowish and translucent; cuneus largely 
black with yellowish spots and a variable 
yellowish area at base. Membrane fuscous 
with a pale marginal spot on either side ex- 
tending irregularly toward middle. Legs 
colored almost as in canadensis Van Duzee, 
but hind femora with large irregular pallid 
spots on anterior face, these spots connected 
by a longitudinal pale bar which does not 
attain subapical pale band. Genital clasp- 
ers and flagellum distinctive for species, fig. 
176. 

FEMALE. — Length 7.10, width 2.64. 
Larger and more robust than male, but 
very similar in coloration. 

Hapsits.—l have collected this species 
most frequently on the bark of hickory trees 
(Carya sp.) in shaded, humid surroundings. 
The color of this mirid matches the bark so 
closely that it is difficult to see when it is 
crouching in crevices on the trunk of the 
tree. Predacious habits are indicated. 

Known DistrisuTion. — Georgia, Illi- 
nois, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hamp- 
shire, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Record—NorTHERN ILLINOIS: 


July, 2¢. 


Phytocoris cortitectus Knight 


Phytocoris cortitectus Knight (1920, p. 55). 

Mate.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.32. Rostrum, length 
2.72, reaching to sixth abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.28, black, 
with eight or nine smooth, white spots; sec- 
ond, 2.94, fuscous to black, with a yellowish 
dorsal spot and a narrow white annulus at 
base; third, 1.64, black, yellowish at base; 
fourth, 1.21, black. Pronotum, length 0.86, 
width at base 1.60; calli whitish; disk dusky 
to fuscous; four black points located near 
posterior margin. Clothed with simple, ‘black 
pubescence intermixed with tufts of silvery, 
silky hairs. Hemelytra translucent and 
slightly darkened, irregularly shaded with 
fuscous; without a strong, oblique, fuscous 
mark across apical area of corium; cuneus 
pale, translucent, with apical half infus- 
cated; membrane fuscous, central area var- 
ied with lighter color. Legs pallid and dark- 
ened with fuscous; femora with:numerous, 
small,:almost:colorless;spots, hind pair with 


a well-defined, oblique, pallid band at*middle ° “ 


ItLinois NaturAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


of apical half; middle tibiae with an almost 
colorless band at apex. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.20, width 2.16. Head 
width 1.01, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.43; second, 3.11; third, 
1.71; fourth, 1.43. Pronotum, length 0.95, 
width at base 1.65. More robust than male, 
but very similar in color and pubescence. 

Hasits.—I collected specimens of this 
species only on the trunks of elm trees 
(Ulmus sp.) where the adults were well 
concealed as they crouched in crevices of 
the bark. 

Known DIstrIiBvurION. Illinois, New 
Hampshire, New York, Ontario. 

Illinois Record—AntTiocH: July 5-7, 
1932, T. H. Frison, 1 3. 


Phytocoris spicatus Knight 


Phytocoris spicatus Knight (1920, p. 55). 

The coloration of this species is very 
similar to that of neglectus Knight, but the 
membrane is more uniformly infuscated. 

Matce.—Length 6.00, width 2.00. Head 
width 1.04, vertex 0.29; frons with reddish 
lines. Rostrum, length 2.81, reaching sixth 
abdominal sternite. Antennae, - first seg- 
ment, length 1.38, black, with: five or six 
white, smooth spots; second, 2.85, black, a 
narrow white annulus at base; third, 1.56, 
black, narrow white area at base; fourth, 
1.12, black. Pronotum, length 0.91,-width 
at base 1.73. Clothed with fuscous to black, 
simple pubescence intermixed with patches 
and tufts of silvery and some golden, silky 
pubescence. Genital claspers and flagellum 
distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.30, width 2.20. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Known 1 Distrisution. — Illinois, Lowa, 
Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minne- 
sota, North Carolina, New York. 

Illinois Record.—Ga.eEsBurc: 1 6. 


Phytocoris salicis Knight 


Phytocoris salicis Knight (1920, p. 56). 

Mate.—Fig. 177. Length 6.00, width 
2.12. Head width 0.97, vertex 0.35; head 
yellowish; oblique lines on frons and mark 
on middle of tylus reddish. Rostrum, length 
2.73, reaching seventh abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.27, black, 
with three or four large, white, smooth 
spots%: second,..2.85,:.dusky. yellow to black, 


-. white, irregularly 


September, 1941 


basal annulus white; third, 1.55, black, 
pallid at base; fourth, 1.16. Pronotum, 
length 0.99, width at base 1.73. General 
coloration dusky to brownish; spots on base 
of pronotal disk, tip of clavus, apex of em- 
bolium and of cuneus, black; fuscous color- 


Fig. 177.— Phytocoris salicis, &. 


ation of hemelytra interspersed with pallid 
and brownish marks and dots; membrane 
clear, marked with patches of fuscous; cubi- 
tus white around apex of larger areole. Legs 
pallid; apical half of femora marked with 
reddish brown; hind pair chiefly dark brown, 
with numerous white spots, a larger white 
spot forming an incomplete subapical band; 
tibiae banded with fuscous; apices of middle 
pair pallid; hind pair chiefly dark fuscous. 
Dorsum clothed with pale to brownish, sim- 
ple pubescence thickly intermixed with sil- 
very to golden yellow, silky hairs. Genital 
claspers and flagellum distinctive for species, 
fig. 176. 

FEMALE.—Length 6.30, width 2.30. An- 
tennae, first: segment, length 1.34, chiefly 
marked with reddish 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, or ILLINors 


197 


brown; second, 2.98, yellowish brown, more 
fuscous at apex and next to pallid base; 
third, 1.47, black, pallid at base; fourth, 
1.12, black. More robust than male and 
usually lighter in color. 

Hasits.—Breeds on willow (chiefly Sa- 
lix nigra) where the species appears to be 
predacious on soft-bodied insects. 

Known DistripuTion.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, lowa, Maine, 
Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min- 
nesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New 
Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, 
Ontario, Pennsylvania, South Dakota. 

Illinois Records.—Seventeen males and 
15 females, taken June 11 to July 9, are 
from Alton, Antioch, Elizabeth, Galena, 
Galesburg, Golconda, Monticello, Savanna, 
Seymour, Waukegan. 


Phytocoris lacunosus Knight 


Phytocoris lacunosus Knight (1920, p. 56). 
Not taken in Illinois; known from Minne- 
sota and New York. Collected on the bark 


of hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana). 


Phytocoris angustulus Reuter 


Phytocoris angustulus Reuter (1909, p. 29). 

Known from New York, North Carolina, 
Nova Scotia, Vermont; not yet collected in 
Illinois. 


Phytocoris buenoi Knight 


Phytocoris buenoi Knight (1920, p. 57). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Massa- 
chusetts, New York, Ontario. Adults and 
nymphs have been collected on Norway 
spruce (Picea excelsa). 


Phytocoris nigricollis Knight 


Phytocoris nigricollis Knight (1923d, p. 636). 
Known only from New Hampshire and 
North Carolina. 


Phytocoris schotti Knight 


Phytocoris schotti Knight (1926g, p. 162). 

The coloration of this species is suggestive 
of that of salicis Knight, but the dark areas 
are black rather than brown; the apical 
half of the corium is largely pallid, except 
‘near the’ innér “matgin,./and“is:!without an 
oblique infuscation; the cuneus is almost 


198 


entirely colorless, but the apex and two 
spots on the inner margin are black, while 
the outer margin is marked with red. The 
membrane is marbled with fuscous, and 
the areoles are chiefly dark fuscous, with 
white veins at apices. The legs are marked 
much as in salicis, but the black color on 
the femora is irregularly broken by two or 
three large, and many small, white spots. 

Mave.—Length 5.20, width 1.90. Head 
width 1.00, vertex 0.26; frons with five or 
six oblique, reddish lines on either side of 
median line; base of tylus and spot on either 
side of basal half, dorsal margins of juga 
and lora, and slender median line on apical 
half of tylus, reddish. Rostrum, length 2.34, 
extending to fifth abdominal sternite. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.97, very dark 
brown, with several small, smooth white 
spots on dorsal aspect, spines pale; second, 
2.30, black, narrow pallid area at base; 
third, 1.23, black, pale at base and at ex- 
treme tip; fourth, 0.91, black. Pronotum, 
length 0.84, width at base 1.50; propleura 
black; lower margin, and spot at top of 
coxal cleft, white; the white of lower mar- 
gin continued as a ray upon black sternum. 
Clothed with fuscous to black, simple pubes- 
cence intermixed with white, silky pubes- 
cence; more yellowish hairs on head and 
embolium than black ones. Genital claspers 
distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

Known DistriputTion. — Illinois and 
New Jersey. 

Illinois Record—Wuiret Hearn: Sept. 
1051929. -C. CC. Got, 124). xe 


Phytocoris arundinicola new species 


This species is distinguished from allied 
ones by its general pale gray color, with a 
conspicuous black spot on the inner apical 
angle of the corium; it also is distinguished 
by the pale and black, unspotted, first an- 
tennal segment. The structure of the male 
genital claspers is distinctive, fig. 176; the 
genitalia are apparently nearest in form to 
those of buenoi Knight and schotti Knight. 

Mate.—Length 5.60, width 2.16. Head 
width 0.95, vertex 0.35; head white to yel- 
lowish, with incomplete lines on frons; 
marks on middle and on median line at apex, 
basal half of lora, and dorsal half of buc- 
culae, reddish brown to fuscous; a pair of 
marks, beginning on collum and extending 
across collar and between calli, distinctly 
red orange. Rostrum, length 2.64, extend- 


ILtLtiNo1s NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


ing to sixth abdominal sternite. Antennae, 
first segment, length 1.16, tapering to be- 
come more slender on apical half, chiefly 
white, black on anterior aspect, with only 
one or two small, pallid spots cutting into 
edge of dark color, setae short, brownish; 
second, 2.51, chiefly yellowish brown, black 
at apex and next to pallid basal annulus; 
third, 1.34, yellowish, fuscous apically; 
fourth, 0.73. Pronotum, length 0.88, width 
at base 1.60; pale yellowish to dusky; calli 
pallid; lower margin of propleura and area 
on coxal cleft whitish, a black ray crossing 
lower margin of coxal cleft and flaring out 
at basal margin; basal edge of disk white, 
bordered by four black points which are 
often connected by dark color. Dorsum 
clothed with pale to brownish, simple pubes- 
cence sparsely intermixed with more re- 
cumbent, silvery, silky pubescence. Scutel- 
lum usually pale yellowish, sometimes 
dusky; a small fuscous spot indicated on 
either margin at middle of apical half. Hem- 
elytra dusky gray, with an irregular black 
area on middle of claval vein and a subtri- 
angular one on inner apical angle of corium; 
embolium uniformly yellowish gray, except 
for darkened extreme tip; cuneus with apex 
and spot on inner margin, and spot on inner 
margin of paracuneus, fuscous to black. 
Membrane uniformly pale fuscous, scarcely 
paler near apex of cuneus; cubitus white 
around apex of areoles, fuscous where it 
separates areoles. Legs pale yellowish, 
tibiae without dark bands; spines yellowish 
to dark brown; hind pair with black micro- 
setae; femora dark brown to black, with 
numerous, minute, pallid spots; hind pair 
with two rather distinct pallid bands on 
apical half; tarsi fuscous to black. Venter 
almost white to yellowish; lateral line fus- 
cous; sides of genital segment fuscous. Geni- 
tal claspers distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.60, width 2.16. Head 
width 0.99, vertex 0.41. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.21; second, 2.73; third, 1.55; 
fourth, 1.38. Pronotum, length 0.95, width 
at base 1.64. Very similar to male in color 
and pubescence, but light areas perhaps 
more extensive. 

Hasits.—Breeds on switch cane (Arun- 
dinaria tecta) ; doubtless predacious. 

Holotype, male.—Vienna, Ill.: July 10, 
1935, DeLong & Ross. 

Allotype, female.—Same data as for 
holotype. 


Paratypes. —ILLINOIs.—VIENNA: Same 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs 
data as for holotype, 1¢, 39; June 14, 
1934, DeLong & Ross, 3 ¢. 


Phytocoris husseyi Knight 


Phytocoris husseyi Knight (1923d, p. 639). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
Minnesota and Ohio. 


Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee 


Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee (1920, p. 345). 

Mave.—Length 5.40, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.94, vertex 0.36. Rostrum, length 
2.51, extending to fifth abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.16, black, 
basal two-thirds with white, smooth spots 
so large that black ground color is reduced 
to a network; second, 2.50, black, dorsal as- 
pect partly yellowish brown, white annulus 
at base; third, 1.28, black, pallid at base 
and extreme tip; fourth, 1.20, black. Pro- 
notum, length 0.87, width at base 1.56. Dor- 
sum clothed with simple, fuscous pubes- 
cence intermixed with a moderate amount 
of silvery, silky pubescence. General color 
nearly white to yellowish, shaded with fus- 
cous. Basal submargin of pronotal disk with 
the usual four black points; scutellum with 
oblique black marks on apical half; apical 
area of corium with heavy, very dark brown 
subtriangular mark, and a contrasting pal- 
lid spot just behind which joins with pallid 
basal half of cuneus; paracuneus reddish; 
membrane fuscous, with a paler spot near 
tip of cuneus and a smaller one just beyond 
on margin; cubitus white about tip of larger 
areole. Hind femora very dark brown, with 
numerous small and some large white spots 
and a rather distinct pallid annulus slightly 
beyond middle of apical half; tibiae banded 
with pallid and black, middle pair with pale 
band on apex. Genital claspers and flagel- 
lum distinctive for species, fig. 176. 

FEemMALe.—Length 5.30, width 2.10. More 
robust than male, but very similar in color 
and pubescence. 

Hasits.—Predacious; Illinois specimens 
collected on willow (Salix sp.), cypress 
(Taxodium distichum) and hornbeam (Car- 
pinus caroliniana). 

Known Distrripution.—Alabama, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Illinois, lowa, Louisiana, 


Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, 
Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, 


New York, Ohio, Ontario, Utah. 


Illinois Records.—Twenty-seven males 


, OR Miripak, OF ILLINOIS 


199 


and 7 females, taken June 13 to Sept. 6, 
are from Algonquin, Antioch, Browns, Chi- 
cago, Duquoin, Eichorn, Galesburg, Harris- 
burg, Havana, Homer Park, Kankakee, 
Karnak, Mahomet, Maywood, Metropolis, 
Monticello, Pekin, Pulaski, Urbana, Vienna, 
White Heath. 


Phytocoris penipecten Knight 


Phytocoris penipecten Knight (1920, p. 58). 

Not taken in Illinois; known only from 
Alabama, Connecticut, Louisiana, Massa- 
chusetts. 


Phytocoris obtectus Knight 


Phytocoris obtectus Knight (1920, p. 58). 
Not taken in Illinois; known only from 


New York and Ohio. 


Group III 


The species of this group are apparently 
all phytophagous. 


KEY TO SPECIES 


1. Clavus and corium rather uniformly 
7a 30) otc Sa ee Ee Ac Ne es tee ie 2 

Clavus and cortum not uniformly col- 

ored; marked with fuscous, or red- 

dish brown to fuscous, with paler 


tO 


Hemelytra reddish; embolium and cun- 
eus translucent and yellowish...... 
Sel} BRE aia bee ss oa: mundus, p. 201 

Hemelytra yellowish to fulvous, or 
translucent and brownish.......... 3 


3. Hemelytra yellowish to fulvous; femora 
dusky yellow with numerous small, 
Pale GORS cde wes fulvus, p. 201 
Hemelytra dusky brown, translucent; 
femora reddish brown, with con- 
spicuous white spots: .-.....24+.5. 
Aer ret | uniformis, p. 201 


4. Hemelytra pale to yellowish; cortum 
with an oblique, fuscous mark on 
basal half and a second one on inner 
apical angle; cuneus pale, apex and 
two spots on inner margin black. . . . 
iets fa eae junipericola, p. 201 

Hemelytra marked otherwise......... 5 

5. Pronotal disk with black spots on basal 
margin; apical area of corium with 
strong fuscous marks: .... 25226 
Wega te Bh) peta sr tat ae exemplus, pv. 201 


200 


Pronotal disk without black spots.... 6 


6. Light-colored dots and spots on hind 
femora uniting to form a subapical 
band or transverse pale mark...... 7 

Dots on hind femora not forming a dis- 
tinct light-colored band or large 
INAS Cotes ane aN eek Oech che 8 


7. Cuneus with a narrow white area along 
outer margin and two black dots on 
this white edge. .angustifrons, p. 201 

Cuneus with outer margin reddish 
brown and marked with three or four 
white dotsnr. ie a2): pinicola, p. 201 


8. Length of second antennal segment 
twice as great as width of head..... 
SRA eLie  aicens cet nD at diversus, p. 200 

Length of second antennal segment less 
than twice width of head.......... 
BPS cet acne a, Seah conspersipes, p. 201 


Phytocoris. diversus Knight 


’. Phytocoris: diversus*Knight: (1920 p- 60). 

The general aspect of this species is sug- 
gestive of fulvus Knight, but the light, yel- 
low brown coloration on the inner apical 
half of the corium and the cuneus is more 
distinct. 


ANGUS T/FRONS 


J FULVUS 
Rhy : 
LAA 
MUNDO youl PINICOLA 


& Fig. 178.—Male genital Gaeere of Phytocoris, Group III. 


B, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum. 


Inttnois NaTuRAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Mavre.—Length 5.00, width 1.70. Head 
width 0.97, vertex 0.37. Rostrum, length 
2.03, reaching fifth abdominal sternite. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 0.71, greenish 
yellow, darkened with deep brownish, with 
five or six smooth, white spots on dorsal side, 
and beset with 9 or 10 dark setae; second, 
2.05, dark fuscous, paler on basal half; third, 
1.05, black; fourth, 0.85, black. Pronotum, 
length 0.78, width at base 1.36. Clothed with 
brownish, simple hairs intermixed with sil- 
very, silky pubescence. Head, pronotum and 
ventral parts greenish to yellowish; base of 
pronotum, sides of tylus, dorsal margins of 
juga and lora, base of head, indistinct striae 
on front, sternum, and sides of venter, tinged 
with reddish brown; femora, except at bases, 
and tibiae, deep brownish, with many light 
to white spots; hind femora with rather 
large spots on dorsal aspect. Genital clasp- 
ers and flagellum distinctive for species, fig. 
178. 

FEMALE. iene 4.80, width 1.73. Very 
similar-to nrale‘in' color and: pubescence. 

Host Prant. — White pine (Pinus 
strobus). 

Known DistrisuTion.—lllinois, Maine, 
Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York. 

Illinois Records.—StTarvep Rock STATE 


AA, \eft clasper, dorsal aspect; 


September, 1941 Knicut: 


Park: July 14, 1932, on Pinus strobus, Doz- 
ier & Park, 114, 199 ; Sept. 17, 1935, De- 
Long & Ross, 1 ¢. WuHite Pines Forest 


STATE Park: July 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
Bao 2; 


Phytocoris mundus Rcuter 


Phytocoris mundus Reuter (1909, p. 18). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, 
Pennsylvania, Virginia. Feeds on Virginia 
pine (Pinus virginiana). 


Phytocoris fulvus Knight 


Phytocoris fulous Knight (1920, p. 59). 

Not yet taken in Illinois; known from 
Maine, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania. 
Occurs on white pine (Pinus strobus). 


.. ‘Phytocoris uniformis..Knight.. ...... 


Phytocoris.untformts. Knight. (1923d,p. 643). 

Originally described from Long Island, 
New York, and the coastal area of Massa- 
chusetts. This species has subsequently been 
recorded from Maryland, Mississippi, 
North Carolina, Virginia, but has not yet 
been taken in I]linois. It has been collected 
on pitch pine (Pinus rigida), which possi- 
bly is the normal host. 


Phytocoris pinicola Knight 


Phytocoris pinicola Knight (1920, p. 59). 

Not taken in Illinois; specimens known 
from Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minne- 
sota, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York. 
Feeds on pines (Pinus resinosa and P. syl- 
vestris). 


Phytocoris angustifrons Knight 


‘ Phytocoris angustifrons Knight (1926g, p. 
64). 


Not taken in Illinois; 
Florida, Louisiana, 
on pine (Pinus sp.). 


known only .from 
Mississippi. .Collected 


Phytocoris exemplus Knight 


Phytocoris exemplus Knight (1926g, :p. 163). 

Known at present only from Louisiana, 
but should be found wherever the cypress 
(Taxodium distichum) grows; that is the 
tree on which it occurs. 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, OF ILLINOIS 


201 


Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter 


Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter (1909, p. 22). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from District 
of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, North 
Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Vir- 
ginia. Feeds on Virginia pine (Pinus virgin- 
iana). 


Phytocoris junipericola Knight 


Phytocoris junipericola Knight (19274, p. 16). 
Known from District of Columbia, Indi- 
ana, Maryland; not yet taken in Illinois. 
Breeds on red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). 


Group IV 
The species of this group are phytophagous. 
KEY TO SPECIES 


1... Pronotal.disk.frequently.red but with- 
out four distinct, reddish: vittae ona 


GF 4 paler Background. .i.... M6... 2 
Pronotal disk with four orange or red 
vittae on a paler background...... 8 


2. Pronotal disk with four black spots on 
basal submargin; scutellum usually 
uniformly pale, sometimes with in- 
distinct fuscous dots forming a spot 
at either side of apical half........ 
Ae a nan Sraght ode quercicola, p. 202 

Pronotal disk without four distinct 
black spots on basal submargin; 
scutellum usually with orange or 


red at either side on apical alpen 
3. Scutellum unmarked, uniformly yel- 
lOwiish sors eae eee hee reine 4 
Scutellum marked with reddish or 


fUSCOUS he io a ee ee 5 


4. Hemelytra rather uniformly fusco- 
reddish to roseate; embolium and 
outer margin of scutellum paler. ==. 
pat, Ago whip te mee my Sc as taxodii, p. 203 

Hemelytra yellow; clavus and basal 
one-third of corium dark reddish; 
cuneus red with many minute, clear 
SOOtsuKerdiieee ta luteolus, p. 209 


5. Pronotum chiefly red, more area red 
than pale or AScms ee) oS ac oe 6 

Pronotum with more area pale or 
fUISCONSethan Ledeen mentee core 7 


6. Hemelytra with many small, distinct, 
white spots; calli darkened with 
fUSCOUST TF. ius % confluens, p. 205 


202 


10. 


1 


2: 


ILtLIno1s NATURAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Hemelytra with only indistinct, white 
spots, nearly uniformly deep orange 
red; ‘calli pale... . puella, p. 207 


. Pronotal disk with base and lateral 


margins dark fusco-reddish; scutel- 
lum yellow, a red mark at either 
side on apical half but without 
vittae at middle of base.......... 
BA whieh ati infuscatus, p. 204 
Pronotal disk chiefly pale, not dis- 
tinctly darkened laterally or at base; 
base of scutellum with an orange- 
colored vitta on either side of median 
line, these frequently extending to 
join with orange mark at either side 
on apical half........ olseni, p. 205 


Second antennal segment almost 
colorless, with a slender, black line 
on anterior aspect; embolium and 
outer half of corium green; clavus 
greenish to fuscous, with a rather 
large, irregular, reddish blotch on 
middle and a smaller one on basal 
| EN Sy ook aaa ers oar tibialis, p. 205 

Second antennal segment without a 
slender, black line on anterior as- 
pect; embolium and outer half of 
corium marked with reddish...... 9 


Hemelytra with a yellow, triangular 
area just before cuneus; clavus, 
basal area of corium and embolium, 
and cuneus, bright red but with 
many small, paler markings...... 
Be PRON og ll ge a venustus, p. 206 

Hemelytra and apical area of coritum 
marked with reddish; or, if not, then 
basal half of corium not bright red. 10 


First antennal segment reddish, with 
three or four large, smooth white 
spots and three or four small spots 
Brett ere en eas rubellus, p. 202 

First antennal segment not distinctly 
marked with red and white spots. . 11 


Apical area of corium, or area behind 
tip of clavus, without netlike 
marks; dorsum pale greenish yel- 
low; markings of hemelytra dusky 
Jie a a ap dana oe a caryae, p. 207 

Apical area of corium with netlike 
markings of orange or red 


Length of first antennal segment 
greater than width of head and ver- 
tex combined....... puella, p. 207 

Length of first antennal segment less 
than width of head and vertex com- 
Pied es... depictus, p. 208 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


Phytocoris rubellus Knight 


Phytocoris rubellus Knight (1926g, p. 166). 

Mate.—Length 4.80, width 1.54. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.25. Rostrum, length 
1.94, extending to base of fourth abdominal 
sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 
0.81, reddish, with three or four large, 
smooth white spots and about the same 
number of small ones, set with six or eight 
pallid bristles, some of which in length ex- 
ceed thickness of segment; second, 2.10, 
yellowish, sometimes tinged with red, apex 
dusky; third, 1.06, yellowish, apex dusky; 
fourth, 1.00, fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.71, 
width at base 1.28; reddish to fuscous; me- 
dian line and line extending upon vertex, 
and frequently a line on either side of pro- 
notal disk, pallid. Scutellum reddish, basal 
angles and apex yellowish. Hemelytra red- 
dish to fuscous; embolium with several ob- 
solete pallid marks. Cuneus reddish, and 
scarcely darker at apex. Membrane pale 
fuscous, marbled with paler color; veins 
fuscous although pale to reddish at apices 
of areoles. Legs pale yellowish to reddish 
and marked with paler spots, exhibiting 
more red than in puella Reuter. Clothed 
with pallid to fuscous, simple pubescence 
intermixed with white, silky pubescence, the 
latter tending to form spots on hemelytra. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.63. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.37. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.86; second, 2.06; third, 
1.08; fourth, 0.95. Pronotum, length 0.77, 
width at base 1.37. Coloration usually a 
deeper red than in male; hemelytra pallid 
to red. 


Host Prant.— Sandbar willow (Salix — 


longifolia). 

Known DistripuTIon. — Illinois, Indi- 
ana, lowa, Kansas, Missouri, South 
Dakota. 


Illinois Records.—Twenty-six males and 
30 females, taken June 1 to Aug. 24, are 
from Alton, Grafton, Grand Tower, Ha- 
vana, Kankakee, Meredosia, Putnam, Quin- 
cy, Savanna, Starved Rock State Park, Wau- 
kegan. 


Phytocoris quercicola Knight 


Phytocoris quercicola Knight (1920, p. 60). 


Mave.—Length 4.70, width 1.70. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.30. Basal half of lora, 
spot on either side of tylus, transverse mark 
across front, and four marks on vertex, 


3 
’ 
a 
P 
re 
* 


September, 1941 


red; front with prominent, nearly colorless 
hairs. Rostrum, length 2.20, extending to 
base of genital segment. Antennae, first 
segment, length 0.97, pallid, three irregular 
marks on dorsal surface, broad, fusco- 
brownish or reddish band at apex, beset 
with six or eight prominent, pale spines; 
second, 2.25, pale brownish, pallid annulus 
at base, area next to this and at apex 
dark fuscous; third, 1.25, fusco-brownish, 
annulus at base and middle, and a narrow 
one at apex, pallid; fourth, 1.04, fuscous. 
Pronotum, length 0.75, width at base 1.43; 
yellowish, outer halves of calli, and broad 
area extending rearward, fusco-brownish to 
dark fuscous; a basal, submarginal, fuscous 
line with two black points on either side of 
median line; narrow area at basal margin 
pallid; pubescence yellowish to dusky, long- 
est hairs situated anteriorly and on collar. 
Scutellum pallid, median line frequently 
reddish, either side of this an indistinct vitta 
composed of small brownish dots. Hemely- 
tra pale yellowish, more or less translu- 
cent; an irregular patch at middle of clavus, 
and a larger one just opposite on corium, 
fusco-brownish, dark color broken by small, 
irregular, light spots; frequently apex of 
corium with a smaller, dark patch and a 
series of fusco-brownish spots bordering 
claval suture; embolium and cuneus with 
small spots of reddish in hypodermis. Mem- 
brane pallid; infuscation usually composed 
of fine irregular spots; a large spot at apex 
and a smaller one at either side joining 
margin, central area and that within are- 
oles more sparsely marked with fuscous 
dots; cubitus pallid, radius infuscated. Front 
and middle tibiae pallid, with three fuscous 
annuli; hind pair with two reddish brown 
bands on basal half; femora pallid, reticu- 
lated with reddish brown; hind pair with 
two irregular pallid bands on apical half, 
dark color broken by numerous light-col- 
ored spots. Venter pallid, sides flecked with 
reddish. Genital claspers and flagellum dis- 
tinctive for species, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.80, width 1.80. Head 
width 0.95, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.08; second, 2.25; third, 1.12; 
fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.82, width 
at base 1.56. Very similar to male in color 
and pubescence. 

Hosr PLant.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- 
carpa). 

Known Distrisution. — Florida, Illi- 
nois, lowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Min- 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripaAz, OF ILLINOIS 


203 


nesota, New York, North Carolina, On- 
tario, Virginia. 

Illinois Records. — CHAMPAIGN: June 
27, 1932, on oak, Harper, 19. MDusots: 
Aug. 8, 1917, 14. GaresBure: | ¢ ; June 
24, 1892, 19 ; July 27, 1892, 2 ¢. GLENDON 
Park: Aug. 19, 1903, A. B. Wolcott, 12, 
FM. UrsBANA: June 27, 1932, Frison & Ross, 
24,19; Aug. 11, 1932, on Quercus mac- 
rocarpa, H. H. Ross, 19 ; Sept. 12, 1891, 
CyAoHart lace 


Phytocoris taxodii Knight 


Phytocoris taxodii Knight (1926g, p. 165). 

This species is allied to rufus Van Duzee, 
a species known to occur only in Florida, 
but differs from it in the longer rostrum 
and longer first antennal segment; the basal 
half of the right genital clasper of the male 
is more slender in taxodii than in rufus. 

Mace.—Length 5.10, width 1.70. Head 
width 0.94, vertex 0.26; color of head yel- 
lowish, sometimes tinged with red. Rostrum, 
length 2.50, attaining base of genital seg- 
ment. Antennae, first segment, length 1.03, 
slightly thicker at base and apex, a few 
weak, yellowish setae on basal half, yellow 
to reddish; second, 2.34, yellowish; third, 
1.30, yellowish to dusky; fourth, 1.05, 
dusky. Pronotum, length 0.80, width at base 
1.40; reddish, becoming fusco-reddish near 
base of disk; narrow area at basal margin, 
median line on collar, and area between 
calli, paler. Scutellum yellowish or tinged 
with reddish. Clothed with golden yellow 
to brown, simple pubescence sparsely inter- 
mixed with more recumbent, silvery, silky 
pubescence. Hemelytra yellowish to red- 
dish; inner apical angles of corium dark red 
to fuscous, but this dark color not extend- 
ing forward along radial vein; cuneus rose 
red, narrow area along outer margin yel- 
low; membrane fusco-brownish, veins red. 
Ventral surface and legs yellowish; hind 
femora reddish, except basal one-third, and 
with many small, yellowish spots; base of 
hind tibiae reddish. Genital claspers dis- 
tinctive, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.30, width 1.80. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.10; second, 2.40; third, 1.31; 
fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.85, width 
at base 1.49. Very similar to male in color 
and pubescence. 

Hosr PLrant.—Bald cypress (Taxodium 
distichum). 


204 


Known DistrizuTion. — Georgia, IIli- 
nois, Louisiana, Mississippi. 

Illinois Records.—ELIZABETHTOWN: 
on YTaxodium distichum, 


July 25, 1930, 


8 


“A \ B Cc 
ay) ra ee A 
LUTEOLUS INFUSCATUS 


ILttino1s NATURAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22 0eingad 


segment. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.08, pale yellowish, fusco-brownish near 
apex, dusky at base, pubescence yellowish to 


‘dusky, basal half with five or six yellowish 


DEPICTUS 


QUERCICOLA 
‘a | i , 
Bs ue S =f GAY 
TAXODI// RUBELLUS VENUS TUS 


Fig. 179.—Male genital claspers of Phytocoris, Group IV. A, left clasper, lateral aspect; 44, 
left clasper, dorsal aspect; B, right clasper, lateral aspect; C, flagellum. 


Knight & Ross, 39. HorsEsHOE LAKE: 
July 11, 1935, DeLong & Ross, 19. 
PULASKI: June 28, 1909, 2¢. 


Phytocoris infuscatus Reuter 


Phytocoris infuscatus Reuter (1909, p. 20). 

Mave.—Length 5.30, width 1.94. Head 
width 0.88, vertex 0.28; color of head yel- 
lowish, dorsal half of juga, basal half of 
lora, bucculae in part, and mark between 
bases of antennae, dark red; tylus dark red, 
two irregular, yellowish marks on basal half 
separated by small red wedge at base; front 
and vertex clothed with prominent yellow- 
ish hairs; either side of front with indica- 
tions of transverse reddish lines. Rostrum, 
length 2.70, nearly attaining base of genital 


setae; second, 2.74, uniformly yellowish; 
third, 1.49, yellowish; fourth, 1.20, yellowish 
to fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.84, width 
at base 1.50; disk yellowish to fusco-reddish, 
basal submargin darker; calli and area be- 
tween them pallid, collar yellowish, a red- 
dish patch on either side of median line, also 
an orange spot just behind inner angle of 
each callus; clothed with rather prominent 
pallid to yellowish pubescence; propleura 
pallid, a fusco-brownish line crossing lower 
extremity of coxal cleft and extending to 
near posterior margin. Scutellum pale yel- 
lowish, a reddish spot on margin on either 
side of apical half, but broad, yellowish line 
at meson. Hemelytra with emboliar mar- 
gins very slightly arcuate; reddish to fusco- 
reddish, with many more or less confluent, 


September, 1941 


minute white spots, basal half more fuscous 
than reddish; cuneus red, broken by small, 
translucent spots at middle. Membrane 
smoky to fusco-brownish, infuscation of 
areoles somewhat broken into small spots, 
apical half with slightly darker fuscous area 
touching margin beyond cuneus. Legs pale 
yellowish; hind femora, except basal one- 
third, black with a red cast, with many, 
small yellowish spots and larger spots on 
dorsal aspect at middle, a yellowish band 
slightly beyond middle of apical half; front 
tibiae with indistinct brownish band on 
middle and near base; hind pair with broad, 
reddish band at base. Venter yellowish to 
fuscous, darker laterally and on genital seg- 
ment. Genital claspers and flagellum dis- 
tinctive for species, fig. 179. 

FemMALE.—Length 5.50, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.23; second, 2.94; third, 
1.55; fourth, 1.17. Pronotum, length 0.86, 
width at base 1.51. More robust than male, 
very similar in coloration, but pale area on 
apical half of corium broader, and with 
pallid and orange rays behind calli. 

Host Prant.—Hickory (Carya sp.) 

Known Distripution.—District of Co- 


lumbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Massa- 
chusetts, Mississippi, New York, North 
Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records. — ILLinors: June 26, 


1892, 1 ¢. BLurr Sprincs: June 10, 1932, 
Ross & Mohr, 19. Dusors: July 3, 1909, 
19. Grrr: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, 
ne Ooincy: June 15,1883, 14. 


Phytocoris olseni Knight 


Phytocoris olseni Knight (1923d, p. 647). 

Not taken in Illinois; known from Flor- 
ida, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, 
Virginia. 


Phytocoris tibialis Reuter 


Phytocoris tibialis Reuter (1876, p. 68). 

Ma ce.—Length 5.10, width 1.90. Head 
width 0.88, vertex 0.35. Rostrum, length 
2.60, extending to sixth abdominal sternite. 
Antennae, first segment, length 1.08, yel- 
lowish, with four or five reddish brown 
marks; second, 2.38, yellowish, a distinct 
fuscous to black line on anterior aspect, 
with white annulus at base; third, 1.47, 
fuscous, pale yellowish at base; fourth, 1.30, 
fuscous. Pronotum, length 0.86, width at 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or MiripDAzE, oF ILLINOIS 


205 


base 1.47; greenish; disk with four longi- 
tudinal orange stripes. Hemelytra yellowish 
green to green; clavus with a rather large 
reddish blotch on middle and a smaller one 
on basal half; inner half of corium with 
reddish spots and blotches. Apex of cuneus 
and two spots on paracuneus reddish. Mem- 
brane fuscous, with irregular pale and 
translucent areas behind cuneus and ex- 
tending across middle. Legs greenish yel- 
low; front and middle tibiae with very dark 
red-brown line on dorsal aspect; hind fem- 
ora with apical half dark red brown, this 
color area broken by numerous small and 
large, yellowish spots and a distinct sub- 


apical, pale yellowish annulus. Genital 
claspers distinctive, fig. 179; right clasper 
very long. 


FEMALE.—Length 5.50, width 2.00. Head 
width 0.88, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.12; second, 2.34; third, 1.51; 
fourth, 1.35. Pronotum, length 0.86, width 
at base 1.47. Clothed with yellowish to 
fuscous, simple pubescence sparsely inter- 
mixed with yellowish, silky pubescence. Col- 
oration very similar to that of male. 

Hasits.—Breeds among weedy, herba- 
ceous plants in damp situations; Illinois 
specimens collected on mountain’ mint 
(Pycnanthemum sp.). 

Known DistriputTion.—Alabama, Con- 
necticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Illi- 
nois, lowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, 
New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, 
Ohio, Ontario, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin. 

Illinois Records.—Forty-four males and 
23 females, taken June 22 to Oct. 2, are 
from Albion, Alto Pass, Anna, Browns, Car- 
bondale, Cave-in-Rock, Dongola, Dubois, 
East St. Louis, Elizabethtown, Gibsonia, 
Golconda, Grand Tower, Havana, Herod, 
Lawrenceville, McClure, Metropolis, Mon- 
ticello, Newton, Norris City, Olive Branch, 
Pulaski, Rosiclare, Shawneetown, Temple 


Hill, York. 


Phytocoris confluens Reuter 


Phytocoris puella var. confluens Reuter (1909, 
20). 

Mave.—Length 4.60, width 1.43. Head 
width 0.83, vertex 0.26; head chiefly bright 
red; geminate mark at base of tylus, apices 
of juga and lora, and ventral margin of 
bucculae, pallid. Rostrum, length 2.20, 
reaching sixth abdominal sternite, pale yel- 


p- 


206 


lowish, black at apex. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.00, reddish yellow, pubes- 
cence and spines pale yellowish; second, 
2.42, uniformly yellowish; third, 0.91, yel- 
lowish; fourth, 1.57, yellowish. Pronotum, 
length 0.70, width at base 1.00; deep red, 
becoming almost black at anterior angles 
of disk; calli fuscous and red with almost 
colorless ray or spots behind each callus, 
basal margin with a slender, light colored 
area except at basal angles; propleura deep 
red, lower margins and xyphus pallid; 
clothed with yellowish to dusky pubescence; 
disk also with yellowish, silky pubescence. 
Scutellum red, basal angles and apex pallid; 
vague, light colored, median line present. 
Sternum and pleura dark red, ostiolar peri- 
treme, and ventral margin of epimera, white. 
Hemelytra red, with many irregular, small 
to medium-sized spots; cuneus with pale 
spots on inner margin and across middle; 
hemelytra clothed with yellowish to dusky 
pubescence, intermixed with yellowish, silky 
pubescence which may be white over. light 
spots. Membrane uniformly pale smoky, 
veins red. Legs pallid to yellowish; anterior 
femora reddish yellow at apices; tibiae with 
annulations; hind femora red, pallid at 
bases, with rather numerous, small, pallid 
spots although at times these spots nearly 
obsolete; hind tibiae with small red marks 
near bases; tips of tarsi fuscous. Venter 
white beneath, latero-dorsal margin deep 
red; each sternite with small spot of red 
laterally; eighth segment and base of genital 
segment dark fusco-reddish. Genital clasp- 
ers and flagellum distinctive, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.50, width 2.03. Head 
width 0.90, vertex 0.34. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.25; second, 3.16; third, 1.51; 
fourth, 1.30. Pronotum, length 0.86, width 
at base 1.60. More robust than male, but 
very similar in color and pubescence. 

Hasirs.—Collected on oak (Quercus 
sp.) and red birch (Betula nigra). 

Known DistriguTion.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Kansas, 
Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New 
Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 
Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records. — AsHiry: Aug. 7, 
1917, 29. Doxson: June 25, 1932, Rocky 
Branch, Frison & Mohr, 1 ¢. Dvupors: Aug. 
8, 1917, 19. Farrrrecp: June 12, 1934, De- 
Long & Ross, 1 g. GaLena: June 30, 1932, 
on Quercus sp., Dozier & Mohr, 1¢@. 
GALESBURG: June 27, 1893, 14. Harris- 


ILLinots NaTuRAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


BURG: June 25, 1932, on Betula nigra, Ross, 
Dozier & Park, 2¢. Oakwoop: June 14, 
1930, 1. H.:-Frison, 19% 


Phytocoris venustus Knight 


Phytocoris venustus Knight (1923d, p. 651). 

Mave.—Length 4.50, width 1.60. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.28; head orange colored 
above; spot on either side of vertex and one 
at base, two spots on median line of front, 
and base of tylus, light colored; lower half 
of head pallid; base of juga, dorsal margin 
of lora, and irregular band across middle 
of tylus, bright red. Rostrum, length 2.00, 
reaching sixth abdominal sternite, yellow- 
ish, black at apex. Antennae, first segment, 
length 0.97, pale yellowish, darker at apex, 
setae pale; second, 0.80, uniformly yellow- 
ish; third, 1.34, yellowish; fourth, 1.16, yel- 
lowish. Pronotum, length 0.68, width at 
base, 1.37; pale, with two orange stripes 
behind either callus, outer stripe continued 
around callus and extending to anterior 
angle and collar; small orange spot before 
callus; collar orange red; propleura with 
red ray crossing lower half of coxal cleft, 
but not extending to posterior margin; 
clothed with moderately prominent, yellow- 
ish pubescence, this more prominent laterally 
and on scutellum and clavus. Scutellum 
orange red to deep red; basal angles and me- 
dian line more or less pale. Sternum and 
pleura pallid, red areas on mesosternum and 
metepisternum; ostiolar peritreme white. 
Hemelytra yellow, with clavus and basal 
half of corium and embolium red, but with 
many, pale yellowish spots, these spots form- 
ing a large triangular area before cuneus; 
embolium sometimes with small red flecks 
on apical half; cuneus, and part of corium 
extending beyond cuneal fracture, red; out- 
er margin of cuneus with four yellow spots, 
these sometimes almost confluent. Mem- 
brane smoky to pale fuscous, slightly paler 
on apical half, veins red, usually pale at 
apices of areoles. Legs pale to yellowish, 
fore femora with red flecks at apices; hind 
femora with netlike, bright red markings, 
these somewhat broken at middle of apical 
half by a yellowish area; hind tibiae with 
reddish spots near base. Venter yellowish, 
with red flecks along dorsal margin; genital 
claspers and flagellum distinctive for spe- 
cies, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 4.70, width 1.90; more 


robust than male, but very similar in color- 


September, 1941 


ation. Head width 0.86, vertex 0.36. An- 
tennae, first segment, length 1.04; second, 
2.47; third, 1.38; fourth, 1.17. Pronotum, 
length 0.74, width at base 1.38. More robust 
than male, but very similar in color and 
pubescence. 

Known DistrinuTion.—Alabama, Con- 
necticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, 
Maryland, New York. 

Illinois Record.—Gatesspurc: July 24, 
1892,13,69. 


Phytocoris caryae Knight 


Phytocoris caryae Knight (1923d, p. 652). 

Mave.—Length 5.30, width 1.74. Head 
yellow, width 0.93, vertex 0.28; small spot 
at dorsal margin of each eye, irregular 
large spot on either side of front, and spot 
on dorsal margin of lora, orange colored; 
front and vertex bearing prominent, pale 
hairs. Rostrum, length 2.20, reaching fifth 
abdominal segment; pale yellowish, very 
dark brown at apex. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.14, yellow, anterior aspect 
with small orange spots, largest one located 
near apex, setae pale to dusky; second, 2.46, 
uniformly pale yellow; third, 1.50, yellow; 
fourth, 1.16, yellow, dusky at apex. Prono- 
tum, length 0.81, width at base 1.44; green- 
ish yellow, with four orange stripes on disk, 
these sometimes joining at base; calli pallid, 
collar with broad orange spot located on 
either side of median line, these spots ex- 
tending posteriorly to calli; propleura with 
small orange ray behind lower half of coxal 
cleft; clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, 
a few dusky hairs at basal margin. Scutellum 
greenish yellow, an oblique orange mark on 
either side of median line. Sternum and 
pleura pale yellowish. Hemelytra pale to 
greenish yellow, mottled with brown orange ; 
darker on clavus, with many large, irregu- 
lar greenish yellow spots; apical one-fifth 
of corium nearly uniformly greenish yel- 
low; embolium with a few scattering red 
orange spots; tip of clavus with a dusky spot 
and beset with prominent black hairs; cu- 
neus yellowish and translucent, apex and 
margins flecked with reddish; a prominent, 
dull reddish spot at margin between corium 
and membrane; clothed with yellow pu- 
bescence, this darker near apex of corium; 
emboliar margins very slightly arcuate. 
Membrane nearly colorless, with pale fus- 
cous marbling, coloring darkest within are- 
oles and at middle; veins dusky yellow at 


KwnicHt: PLant Bucs, or Miripasz, or ILLINOIS 


207 


apices of areoles. Legs almost white to yel- 
lowish; apical halves of femora flecked with 
bright red, larger spots on posterior pair; 
tibial spines fuscous, hind pair with a small, 
reddish spot at base of each spine, although 
these spots obscure apically; tips of tarsi 
dusky. Venter pale greenish yellow; genital 
claspers and flagellum distinctive for spe- 
cies, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.20, width 1.90. Head 
width 0.91, vertex 0.36. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.21; second, 2.68; third, 1.51; 
fourth, 1.12. Pronotum, length 0.82, width 
at base 1.47. More robust than male, but 
very similar in color and pubescence. 

Host PLrant.—Hickory (Carya sp.). 


Known DistrisutTion. — Illinois and 
New York. 
Illinois Records.— Dusors: Aug. 8, 


1917, 1g. GavesBurG: June 24, 1892, 19 ; 
July 29, 1892, 14,49. Monricetto: June 
28, 1914, Sangamon River, 13, 19. Sa- 
VANNA: July 23, 1892, McElfresh, 19. 


Phytocoris puella Reuter 


Phytocoris puella Reuter (1876, p. 69). 

FEMALE.—Length 4.90, width 1.90. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.36; head pale, with 
mark on either side of collum extending upon 
collar; irregular arc either side of front, 
base of lora and dorsal half of bucculae, 
orange colored. Rostrum, length 2.26, ex- 
tending to fifth ventral segment, pale, black 
at apex. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.26, pallid, indistinctly dotted with orange 
on anterior aspect; second, 2.80, pale yel- 
lowish; third, 1.49, yellowish; fourth, 1.28, 
yellowish to dusky. Pronotum, length 0.78, 
width at base 1.40; pale, disk with four 
orange stripes, paler forms with stripes 
broken at middle; anterior angles with 
orange stripe which extends upon collar; 
propleura with orange ray crossing lower 
half of coxal cleft and extending nearly to 
posterior margin. Scutellum pale, with an 
oblique orange vitta on either side of apical 
half. Hemelytra pale, with rather uniform 
orange, netlike markings; cuneus partly 
red; hemelytra clothed with pale yellowish 
pubescence intermixed with prominent, 
white, silky pubescence. Membrane pale, 
areoles infuscated and marbled within apical 
half, veins yellowish, pale at apex of areoles. 
Legs pallid, front tibiae with two nearly 
obsolete, orange yellow bands; hind femora 
with red, netlike marks on apical half, di- 


208 


vided at middle of apical half by pallid an- 
nulus, fuscous hairs arising from red marks. 
Venter pallid, tinged with red near each 
spiracle. 

Mate.—Length 4.80, width 1.51. Head 
width 0.85, vertex 0.21. Antennae, first 
segment, length 1.21; second, 2.81; third, 
1.56: fourth, 1.21. Pronotum, length 0.73, 
width at base 1.25. Dorsum uniformly 
bright red, sometimes dotted with yellowish 
spots; calli pale; basal angles of pronotum 
and apex of scutellum yellowish to pale 
orange. Membrane pale smoky or nearly 
clear; areoles with rather fine, obscure, pale 
fuscous marks. Legs yellowish; apical half 
of hind femora with red, netlike markings 
and bearing fuscous to black hairs; a yellow- 
ish subapical band present; in this last re- 
spect very similar to female. Genital clasp- 
ers, fig. 179. The sexes of puella exhibit a 
greater difference in color than do other, 
closely related species of this group. 

Hasits.—Collected on oak (Quercus 
sp.) and red birch (Betula nigra). 

Known DistrisuTION.—Connecticut, 
District of Columbia, Illinois, Maryland, 
Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New 
Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 
Pennsylvania. 

Illinois Records.—Eleven males and 20 
females, taken June 12 to October, are from 
Anna, Ashley, De Soto, Dubois, Galena, 
Galesburg, Geff, Grand Detour, Harris- 
burg, Makanda, Marshall, Oregon, Palos 
Park, Starved Rock State Park, Urbana, 
White Pines Forest State Park. Blatchley 
(19266, p. 729) records this species from 
Beverly Hills. 


Phytocoris depictus Knight 


Phytocoris depictus Knight (1923d, p. 654). 

Mave.—Length 4.10, width 1.50. Head 
width 0.78, vertex 0.27; head marked with 
orange and red as in puella Reuter. Ros- 
trum, length 1.93, reaching fifth abdominal 
sternite, yellowish, black at apex. Antennae, 
first segment, length 0.83, thickest near base 
and tapering to become more slender just 
before apex, yellowish, with a few red dots 
on anterior aspect and with seven or eight 
fuscous setae on basal half of dorsal aspect; 
second, 1.97, uniformly pale yellowish; third, 
0.96, yellowish; fourth, 0.97, yellowish. Pro- 
notum, length 0.71; width at base 1.23; pale 
testaceous and dusky; calli lighter; disk with 
four orange stripes; collar either side of 


Ittinois NaturAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


V ol. 22, Agta t 


median line and behind eye orange colored; 
clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, this 
fuscous near basal margin and sparsely in- 
termixed with pale, silky pubescence; pro- 
pleura with red mark crossing lower half 
of coxal cleft, this mark diffused behind cleft. 
Scutellum pallid, with orange mark either 
side of median line extending obliquely to 
lateral margin. Sternum pallid, episternum 
with red mark, epimeron chiefly red, ostiolar 
peritreme white, area just above reddish. 
Hemelytra with irregular, red, netlike 
markings, these produced by thickly placed 
and more or less confluent pale spots; basal 
half of corium nearly fusco-reddish; tip of 
clavus, and spot near inner basal angle of 
cuneus, black with prominent black hairs; 
clothed with golden yellow pubescence; cen- 
tral area with a few small spots of dense, 
silvery wool; cuneus bright red and with 
many rather small, pallid spots. Membrane 
pale fuscous; areoles and central area with 
clear spots; veins pale to fuscous. Legs pale 
to yellowish; apical two-thirds of hind fem- 
ora dark red, with many large and small 
pallid spots, and an irregular, incomplete, 
pallid band at middle of apical half; a few 
black hairs arising from red area; spines 
on hind tibiae pallid, with reddish spot at 
base of each, except those spines at apex. 
Venter pale yellowish, with reddish dots on 
sides; base of genital segment fuscous; 
genital claspers and flagellum distinctive for 
species, fig. 179. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.10, width 1.77. Head 
width 0.86, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.04; second, 2.55; third, 1.21; 
fourth, 1.04. Pronotum, length 0.85, width 
at base 1.55. Larger and more robust than 
male, but very similar in coloration, al- 


though dorsum and membrane frequently — 


with broader, light-colored areas. 

Host PLant.—Bur oak (Quercus macro- 
carpa) and red oak (Q. rubra). 

Known DistriputTion.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Minnesota, 
Ohio. 

Illinois Records.—Beverty HI ts: Aug. 
31, 1907, W. J. Gerhard, 29, rm. Cary: 


New York, — 


Aug. 27, 1905, W. J. Gerhard, 29, FM.) 
FAIRFIELD: June 12, 1934, DeLong & Ross, © 


1¢. 
Ross, 1 2’. 
oak, Ross, Dozier & Park, 1¢. 
BURG: June 15, 1932, on red oak, H. L. Do- 
zier, 1g. SHAWNEETOWN: June 23, 1936, 
DeLong & Ross, 1 ¢. 


ed Rog eee 


GisBsoniaA: Oct. 2, 1934, Frison & 
GoLconpa: June 22, 1932, on ~ 
KEITHS- © 


‘ 
% 


% 
ar 


Py 


September, 1941 


Phytocoris luteolus Knight 


Phytocoris luteolus Knight (1923d, p. 649). 
Known only from Alabama and Connec- 
ticut; not taken in Illinois. 


MYRMECORINI 


KEY TO GENERA 


Length of first antennal segment greater 
than width of head; scutellum not coni- 
cally produced, fig. 180; dorsum with 
filles SHORE PUDESCENCE 5 4) .i<, 6. 6 5,2 
3 eee Paraxenetus, p. 209 

Length of first antennal segment much 
less than width of head, only slightly 
greater than width of vertex; scutellum 
conically produced, fig. 181; dorsum, 
especially pronotum and_ scutellum, 
MtnIap VELCCt MANS. <2. 2624s. s 2 
IBS a Barberiella, p. 209 


Paraxenetus Reuter 


Paraxenetus guttulatus (Uhler) 


Eucerocoris guttulatus Uhler (1887d, p. 150). 

Mare.—Fig. 180. Length 6.40, width at 
base of cuneus, 1.33. Head width 1.00, ver- 
tex 0.27; sulcus on median line of vertex. 
Rostrum, length 2.42, extending slightly be- 
yond posterior coxae or to second abdomi- 
nal sternite. Antennae, first segment, length 
1.46; second, 3.45; third, 2.85; fourth, 0.86; 
all segments slender, of nearly equal thick- 
ness, three basal ones yellowish to dusky 
brown, last segment reddish brown. Prono- 
tum, length 0.95, width at base 1.34. Em- 
boliar margins strongly sulcate, or medially 
coarctate. General color  fusco-grayish, 
tinged with fulvous, sometimes fulvous areas 
broad; cuneus, veins of membrane, and 
calli, fulvous to reddish; femora frequently 
fusco-reddish. Body clothed with recum- 
bent, fine yellowish pubescence, femora 
rather sparsely set with long pilose hairs, 
these hairs longest on posterior pair. 

FemMALE.—Length 6.80, width 1.51. Head 
width 1.08, vertex 0.39. Antennae, first seg- 
ment, length 1.51; second, 3.30; third, 2.94; 
fourth, 0.86. Pronotum, length 1.08, width 
at base 1.56. Very similar to male in form 
and coloration. 

Host PLrant.—Grape vines (Vitis sp.) ; 
one specimen collected in Illinois on walnut 
(Juglans nigra). 


KnicHtT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripaz, oF ILLINOIS 


209 


Known DistriBpuTION.—District of Co- 
lumbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, 
Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New 
York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia. 

Illinois Records.—Co.iinsviL_E: Aug. 
14, 1899, McElfresh, 1 9. DANVILLE: June 
16, 1930, Frison & Hottes, 19. Dusots: 


Fig. 180.— Paraxenetus guttulatus, o. 


July 3, 1909, 1 ¢. Grarrton: July 20, 1932, 
on Juglans nigra, Ross & Dozier, 1g. Ha- 
vANA: Aug. 15, 1907, Devil’s Hole, 29. 
Heron: July 24, 1930, Knight & Ross, 1 @. 
Quincy: Aug. 8, 1889, 3 9 ; Aug. 11, 1889, 
1¢. 


Barberiella Poppius 


Barberiella apicalis Knight 


Barberiella apicalis Knight (1923d, p. 657). 

This species, fig. 181, is more closely re- 
lated to Fiebrigiella silvestri Poppius, de- 
scribed from Brazil, than to Barberiella 
formicoides Poppius, but differs from the 
former, at least, in the longer first antennal 
segment and in the shining, brownish and 


210 


translucent apical area of the corium and 
embolium. The members of this genus are 
good ant mimics, and in their general aspect 
are very suggestive of the large species of 
Pilophorus. 

Mave.—Length 5.00, width 1.60. Head 
width 1.14, vertex 0.43; head almost verti- 
cal; vertex and base of front distinctly im- 
pressed along median line but not grooved; 
head very dark brown, clothed with pale 
pubescence, this more prominent on front. 
Rostrum, length 1.99, reaching bases of hind 
coxae, dark brown. Antennae, first segment, 


Ittino1is NATuRAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


V ol.. 22;-Artod 


above ostiole. Hemelytra with emboliar 
margins strongly constricted at middle, disk 
nearly flat; cuneus strongly declivitous; 
clothed with moderately sparse, golden yel- 
low pubescence interspersed with more 
nearly erect fine hairs, these more prominent 
on clavus; clavus dull fusco-brownish, a tri- 
angular pruinose field extending upon mid- 
dle from corium; corium fuscous on basal 
half; a transverse pallid spot at middle; 
behind this a dark fusco-brownish area ex- 
tending as far as a line drawn transversely 
through tip of clavus; apical area chiefly 


Fig. 181.— Barberiella apicalis, 9. 


length 0.52, dark brown, with fine and 
dense pubescence and with two or three 
larger, erect hairs near apex, length of these 
less than thickness of segment; second, 2.03, 
cylindrical, slightly thicker than first seg- 
ment, more slender near base, dark brown, 
with fine, dense pubescence; third, 1.11, 
slender, dark brown; fourth, 0.68, dark 
brown. Pronotum, length 1.24, width at base 
1.59; anterior angles 0.84, anterior one-third 
nearly cylindrical to a point just behind 
calli, from thence flaring to posterior mar- 
gin, but margin nearly a straight line; disk 
strongly convex; calli much reduced and 
with two impressed points between; very 
dark brown, darker anteriorly; surface 
leathery with pale pubescence and sparsely 
interspersed with erect, pilose hairs. Scutel- 
lum conically produced; point bent over and 
directed to the rear, fig. 181; sparsely set 
with long, pilose hairs; much of mesoscutum 
exposed, sloping downward to base of scu- 
tellum from which it is not distinctly sep- 
arated; dark brown, moderately shining. 
Sternum and pleura dark brown; posterior 
half of epimeron white; ostiolar peritreme 
dark brown, with a protuberant point just 


pale brownish, somewhat translucent and 
shining, pruinose bordering the transverse 
dark band; cuneus uniformly brownish and 
translucent; membrane uniformly fusco- 
brownish, veins slightly darker. Legs uni- 
formly dark brown, hind coxae with a pale 
or yellowish, opaque spot at antero-lateral 
angle; femora with coarse, leathery surface, 
sparsely clothed with erect, pale hairs; hind 
tibiae compressed, strongly curved, beset 
with yellow, spinelike hairs; tarsi fuscous, 
brownish at base. Venter black with a tinge 
of brown, moderately shining; strongly con- 
stricted at base, a pale mark on side just 
beneath that of corium; venter sparsely set 
with erect, pale hairs. 

FEMALE.—Length 5.50, width before base 
of cuneus 1.59. Very similar to male in 
form and coloration; abdomen broader at 
apex. Head width 1.32, vertex 0.58. Anten- 
nae, first segment, length 0.54; second, 2.10, 
slender on basal half, clavate at apex (0.11 
thick), exceeding thickness of first segment. 


Known Distripution.—lIllinois, Missis- 


sippi, New York, North Carolina. 
Illinois Record.—SHAWNEETOWN: June 
27, 1936, DeLong & Mohr, 19. 


HOST LIST 


Most species of Miridae are restricted to a 
single host plant or to a few closely related plants. 
Notable exceptions include the tarnished plant 
bug, Lygus oblineatus (Say), which may be found 
on almost any plant, and Plagiognathus politus 
Uhler, which occurs on a great many herbaceous 
plants. Both are so common and so diverse in 
their feeding habits that, to prevent repetition, 
neither is included under the various hosts in the 
following list. A number of mirids are predacious, 
but are associated with definite species of plants; 
in this list such mirids are indicated by an asterisk 
(*). Other species are possibly or probably pre- 


Acer negundo 
tParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 
Plagiognathus negundinis Knight, 33 
Acer rubrum 
Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler, 138 
Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter), 162 
Acer saccharinum 
Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter), 162 
Acer saccharum 
Coccobaphes sanguinareus Uhler, 139 
Microphylellus elongatus Knight, 42 
Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 
Neolygus vitticollis (Reuter), 162 
1Phytocoris corticevivens (Knight), 186 
Acer spicatum 
Neolygus belfragii (Reuter), 162 
Acer sp. 
*Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler), 67 
tDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
Achillea millefolium 
Lopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 
Achillea sp. 
tAdelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 
Agropyron repens 
Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 
Alder; see 4/nus 
Alder, smooth; see 4/nus rugosa 
Alder, speckled; see 4/nus incana 
Alfalfa; see Medicago sativa 
Allium canadense 
Labopidea allii Knight, 105 
Allium cepa 
Labopidea ainsliei Knight, 105 
Labopidea allii Knight, 105 
Allium cernuum 
Labopidea ainsliei Knight, 105 
Labopidea allii Knight, 105 
Alnus incana 
{Deraeocoris alnicola Knight, 70 
Neolygus alni Knight, 157 
Alnus rugosa 
*Ceratocapsus decurvatus Knight, 116 
Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 
Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 
*Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee), 67 
Neolygus clavigenitalis Knight, 163 


*Mirid predacious, but associated with the plant under 
which it is listed. ; 
Mirid possibly or probably predacious, but associated 
with the plant under which it is listed. ’ 
tMirid probably associated with the plant under which 
it is listed, but exact relationship of plant and mirid not 
demonstrated. 


dacious, at least in part, but are associated with 
definite plants; these are indicated by a dagger (T). 
Still other species have been collected on particular 
species of plants in sufficient numbers to make it 
probable that those plants are the food plants of 
the mirids, but the exact relationship existing 
between the mirids and the plants under which 
they are listed has not been demonstrated. Such 
species are indicated by a double dagger ({). In 
species of Miridae not indicated by asterisk or 
dagger, the host relationship of the mirid and the 
plant species under which it is listed has been 
definitely established. 


Psallus alnicola Douglas and Scott, 44 

Psallus fuscatus Knight, 44 
Alnus sp. 

{Deraeocoris borealis (Van Duzee), 71 

{Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 

tPlagiognathus similis Knight, 37 
Althaea rosea 

Melanotrichus althaeae (Hussey), 96 
Ambrosia trifida 

Lygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 
Ambrosia sp. 

Chlamydatus associatus (Uhler), 25 

Chlamydatus suavis (Reuter), 26 

Ilnacora malina (Uhler), 83 

tPlagiognathus blatchleyi Reuter, 35 

Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight, 30 

Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 

Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter), 48 

Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 
Amorpha canescens 

Lopidea instabilis (Reuter), 91 

Psallus amorphae Knight, 44 
Amorpha fruticosa 

Lopidea amorphae Knight, 90 

Psallus amorphae Knight, 44 
Anthemts cotula 

Polymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 
Apium graveolens 

Lygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 
Apple; see Pyrus malus 
Arbor vitae; see Thuja occidentalis 
Arrow-wood; see Viburnum 
Artemisia canadensis 

Lygus atritibialis Knight, 152 

Psallus bakeri (Bergroth), 45 
Artemisia sp. 

Psallus bakeri (Bergroth), 45 
Artichoke; see Helianthus tuberosus 
Arundinartia tecta 

*Phytocoris arundinicola Knight, 198 
Asclepias sp. 
t//nacora divisa Reuter, 83 

Macrolophus brevicornis Knight, 55 
Ash; see Fraxinus 
Ash, black; see Fraxinus nigra 
Ash, red; see Fraxinus pennsylvanica 
Ash, white; see Fraxinus americana 
Aspen, American; see Popu/us tremuloia 
Aspidium spinulosum 

Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus), 58 
Aster, golden; see Chrysopsis 
Aster macrophyllus 

Microphylellus nigricornis Knight, 41 


[ 211] 


2892 Ittinors NAtuRAL History SurveEY BULLETIN 


Aster, New England; see 4ster novae-angliae 
Aster novae-angliae 
Macrotylus amoenus Reuter, 51 
Aster, prairie; see Aster sericeus 
Aster sericeus 
Psallus astericola Knight, 45 
Aster umbellatus 
Polymerus opacus Knight, 170 
Aster undulatus 
Macrotylus sexguttatus (Provancher), 51 
Aster sp. 
Dicyphus discrepans Knight, 54 
Plagiognathus cuneatus Knight, 34 
Avena sativa 
Trigonotylus ruficornis (Geoffroy), 130 
Balm of Gilead; see Populus candicans 
Basswood; see Tilia americana 
Bean; see Phaseolus 
Bedstraw; see Galium aparine 
Bedstraw, northern; see Galium boreale 
Beech; see Fagus 
Beech, blue; see Carpinus caroliniana 
Beech, water; see Carpinus caroliniana 
Beet, cultivated; see Beta vulgaris 
Beet, sugar; see Beta vulgaris 
Beta vulgaris 
tChlamydatus associatus (Uhler), 25 
Betula lutea 
+Deraeocoris betulae Knight, 70 
Neolygus fagi Knight, 161 
Orthotylus necopinus Van Duzee, 103 
Betula nigra 
tCeratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 
*Deraeocoris poecilus (McAtee), 67 
tLopidea media (Say), 89 
tPhytocoris confluens Reuter, 205 
tPhytocoris puella Reuter, 207 
tPlagiognathus atricornis Knight, 35 
Plagiognathus similis Knight, 37 
Betula pumila 
Psallus parshleyi Knight, 44 
Betula sp. 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Birch; see Betula 
Birch, red; see Betula nigra 
Birch, yellow; see Betula lutea 
Blackberry; see Rubus 
Bladder nut, American; see Staphylea trifolia 
Bluegrass; see Poa pratensis 
Bluegrass, Canada; see Poa compressa 
Box elder; see deer negundo 
Brassica nigra 
Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 
Bromus inermis 
Capsus simulans (Stal), 138 
Burning bush; see Evonymus atropurpureus 
Butternut; see Fuglans cinerea 
Buttonbush; see Cephalanthus occidentalis 
Calamagrostis canadensis 
Collaria metlleurii Provancher, 126 
Cane, switch; see Arundinaria tecta 
Carex vesicaria 
Teratocoris paludum J. Sahlberg, 128 
Carex sp. 
Teratocoris discolor Uhler, 128 
Carpinus caroliniana 
Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 
Neolygus carpini, Knight, 164 
Neolygus johnsoni Knight, 162 
*Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 
*Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee, 199 
+Phytocoris lacunosus Knight, 197 


Reuteria fuscicornis Knight, 94 
Carya illinoensis 

Neolygus caryae Knight, 161 

Orthotylus ramus Knight, 100 
+Phytocoris albifacies Knight, 186 

Plagiognathus caryae Knight, 38 

Carya ovata 

Neolygus caryae Knight, 161 
tNeolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 

Plagiognathus caryae Knight, 38 

Carya sp. 
Ceratocapsus fasciatus (Uhler), 109 
+Ceratocapsus nigellus Knight, 111 
+Deraeocoris grandis (Uhler), 71 
{Eustictus venatorius Van Duzee, 66 
{Microphylellus modestus Reuter, 41 
Orthotylus ramus Knight, 100 
tParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 
Phytocoris caryae Knight, 207 
Phytocoris infuscatus Reuter, 204 
Phytocoris onustus Van Duzee, 194 
Plagiognathus dispar Knight, 39 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Castanea sp. 

Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 63 

Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 
Caulophyllum thalictroides 

Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 
Cedar, red; see uniperus virginiana 
Celery; see Apium graveolens 
Celtis occidentalis 

Paracalocoris celtidis Knight, 179 
Cephalanthus occidentalis 

Neurocolpus nubilus (Say), 182 
* Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 

Chenopodium album 
Melanotrichus flavosparsus (Sahlberg), 96 
tReuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter), 48 
tReuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 
Chestnut; see Castanea 
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum 

Plagiognathus chrysanthemi (Wolff), 31 
Chrysanthemum sp. 

tLopidea confluenta (Say), 87 

tPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 

tPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
Chrysopsis villosa 

Polymerus chrysopsis Knight, 171 
Clematis virginiana 

Halticus intermedius Uhler, 77 
Clover; see Trifolium, Melilotus 
Clover, prairie; see Petalostemum purpureum 
Clover, red; see Trifolium pratense 
Clover, sweet; see Me/ilotus 
Clover, white; see Trifolium repens 
Cocklebur; see Xanthium 
Coltsfoot; see Tussilago farfara 
Conium maculatum 

Lygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 
Coralberry; see Symphoricarpos orbiculatus 
Coreopsis sp. 

tPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 
Cornus alternifolia 

Neolygus communis Knight, 159 
Cornus amomum 

Plagiognathus cornicola Knight, 38 
Cornus paniculata 

Neolygus communis Knight, 159 
Cornus stolonifera 

Neolygus communis Knight, 159 
Cornus stricta 

Plagiognathus cornicola Knight, 38 


V ol.,225 Ariel 


Sab 


September, 1941 


Cornus sp. 
Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 
tParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 
Corylus americana 
Microphylellus longirostris Knight, 42 
tMicrophylellus modestus Reuter, 41 
Corylus sp. 
tCeratocapsus pilosulus Knight, 109 
tLopidea media (Say), 89 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Cotton; see Gossypium herbaceum 
Cottonwood; see Populus 
Crabapple; see Pyrus coronaria 
Cranberry; see Vaccinium 
Crataegus mollis 
tMicrophylellus modestus Reuter, 41 
Crataegus punctata 

Orthotylus serus Van Duzee, 102 
Crataegus tomentosa 

Orthotylus serus Van Duzee, 102 
Crataegus sp. 

*Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight, 70 
{Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 
Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 

Heterocordylus malinus Reuter, 107 

Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 

Neolygus univittatus Knight, 160 

Paracalocoris pallidulus McAtee, 178 

Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 

Plagiognathus dispar Knight, 39 
Croton capitatus 

Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
Croton texensts 

Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
Croton sp. 

Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
Cudweed; see Gnaphalium uliginosum 
Cup plant; see Si/phium perfoliatum 
Currant; see Rives 
Cydonia oblonga 

Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 
Cynodon dactylon 

Trigonotylus brevipes Jakovlev, 129 
Cypress, bald; see Taxodium distichum 
Dactylis glomerata 

Stenotus binotatus (Fabricius), 175 
Daisy; see Chrysanthemum 


Daisy, oxeye; see Chrysanthemum leucanthemum 


Dock, see Rumex 

Dog fennel; see Anthemis cotula 
Dogwood; see Cornus 

Elder; see Sambucus 

Elm; see U/mus 

Elm, American; see U/mus americana 
Erigeron canadensis 

Lygus apicalis Fieber, 154 
Erigeron sp. 

tLygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 
Euphorbia adenoptera 

Semium hirtum Reuter, 75 
Euphorbia humistrata 

Semium hirtum Reuter, 75 
Evonymus atropurpureus 

Paracalocoris evonymi Knight, 178 
Fagus grandifolia 

Neolygus fagi Knight, 161 
Fagus sp. 

Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 
Fern, cinnamon; see Osmunda cinnamonea 
Fern, shield, see Aspidium spinulosum 
Ferns (undifferentiated) 

Ceratocapsus setosus Reuter, 115 


KwnicHtT: PLant Bucs, or Miripas, oF ILLINors 


Figwort, see Scrophularia leporella 
Fleabane; see Erigeron 
Foxglove, false; see Gerardia pedicularia 
Fraxinus americana 
Neoborus amoenus (Reuter), 140 
Neoborus canadensis (Van Duzee), 141 
Neoborus geminus (Say), 140 
Neoborus glaber Knight, 140 
Neoborus palmeri Reuter, 141 
Neoborus pubescens Knight, 141 
Neoborus rufusculus Knight, 143 
Neoborus vittiscutis Knight, 143 
Tropidosteptes cardinalis Uhler, 139 
Xenoborus pettiti (Reuter), 145 
Fraxinus nigra 
Xenoborus commissuralis Reuter, 144 
Xenoborus neglectus Knight, 144 
Xenoborus plagifer (Reuter), 144 
Fraxinus pennsylvanica 
Neoborus amoenus (Reuter), 140 
Fraxinus sp. 
tLopidea media (Say), 89 
Neoborus spp., 139 
Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 
tPlagiognathus dispar Knight, 39 
Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 
Xenoborus spp., 143 
Gale, sweet; see Myrica gale 
Galium aparine 
Criocoris saliens (Reuter), 49 
tLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 
Polymerus proximus Knight, 168 
Galium boreale 
Polymerus unifasciatus (Fabricius), 167 
Garlic, wild; see d//ium canadense 
Geranium maculatum 
Horctas dislocatus (Say), 173 
Gerardia pedicularia 
Macrolophus separatus (Uhler), 55 
Gleditsia triacanthos 
tLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 
Lopidea incurva Knight, 88 
Neolygus tinctus Knight, 157 
Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight, 180 
Pilophorus walshii Uhler, 123 
Plagiognathus delicatus (Uhler), 37 
Plagiognathus gleditsiae Knight, 37 
Gnaphalium uliginosum 
Melanotrichus catulus (Van Duzee), 97 
Goldenrod; see Solidago 
Gooseberry; see Rides 
Gooseberry, prickly; see Rises cynosbati 
Goosegrass; see Ga/ium aparine 
Gossypium herbaceum 
Lygus hesperus Knight, 151 
Psallus seriatus (Reuter), 46 
Grape; see Vitis 
Grape, muscadine; see Vitis rotundifolia 
Grass, Bermuda; see Cynodon dactylon 


Grass, bluejoint; see Ca/amagrostis canadensis 


Grass, brome; see Bromus inermis 
Grass, couch; see dgropyron repens 
Grass, orchard; see Dactylis glomerata 
Grass, panic; see Panicum huachucae 
Grass, quack; see 4gropyron repens 
Grass, slough; see Spartina michauxtana 
Grasses (undifferentiated) 
Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 
Collaria meilleurii Provancher, 126 
Collaria oculata (Reuter), 127 
Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 
Stenodema trispinosum Reuter, 130 


213 


214 


Stenodema vicinum (Provancher), 130 
Trigonotylus ruficornis (Geoffroy), 130 
Gum, black; see Nyssa sylvatica 
Gum, sour; see Vyssa 
Gymnocladus dioica 
tNeurocolpus nubilus (Say), 182 
Hackberry; see Celtis occidentalis 
Hamamelis virginiana 
Diaphnidia capitata Van Duzee, 92 
Lopidea reuteri Knight, 91 
Hamulus japonicus 
Paracalocoris hawleyi Knight, 178 
Hawthorn; see Crataegus 
Hazelnut; see Cory/us 
Helianthus tuberosus 
I/nacora stalii Reuter, 84 
tPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 
Helianthus sp. 
Ilnacora stalii Reuter, 84 
{Me/lanotrichus- favosparsus (Sahlberg), 96 
Plagiognathus nigronitens Knight, 30 
Hemlock; see Tsuga canadensis 
Hemlock, poison; see Conium maculatum 
Heracleum lanatum 
tLygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 
Hickory; see Carya 
Hollyhock; see 4/thaea rosea 
Hop tree; see Prelea trifoliata 
Hops; see Hamulus japonicus 
Hornbeam, American; see Carpinus caroliniana 
Hornbeam, hop; see Ostrya virginiana 
Horseweed; see Ambrosia trifida 
Tlex verticillata 
Neolygus communis Knight, 159 
Impatiens biflora 
Lygus pabulinus (Linnaeus), 153 
Indigo, false; see Amorpha fruticosa 
Fuglans cinerea 
Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 
Plagiognathus repletus Knight, 38 
Fuglans nigra 
tCeratocapsus uniformis Knight, 113 
tDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 
Plagiognathus punctatipes Knight, 39 
Plagiognathus repletus Knight, 38 
Funcus dudleyi 
Lopus decolor (Fallen), 51 
Funcus sp. 
Lopus decolor (Fallen), 51 
Mimoceps insignis Uhler, 125 
Juniperus virginiana 
Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight, 165 
Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight, 165 
Parthenicus juniperi (Heidemann), 76 
Phytocoris junipericola Knight, 201 
| Pilophorus juniperi Knight, 123 
Kentucky coffee tree; see Gymnocladus dioica 
Lamb’s quarter; see Chenopodium album 
Larch; see Larix laricina 
Larix laricina 
{Deraeocoris laricicola Knight, 73 
{Pilophorus uhleri Knight, 122 
Plagiognathus laricicola Knight, 39 
Lathyrus venosus 
Lopidea lathyri Knight, 91 
Lead plant; see Amorpha canescens 
Leafcup; see Polymnia canadensis 
Linden; see Tilia americana 
Locust; see Robinia pseudoacacia, Gleditsia tri- 
acanthos 


Ittinois NaturaL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN 


Locust, black; see Robinia pseudoacacia 
Locust, honey; see Gleditsia triacanthos 
Loosestrife; see Lysimachia quadrifolia 
Lycopersicon esculentum 
Cyrtopeltis varians (Distant), 53 
Lysimachia quadrifolia 
Polymerus punctipes Knight, 169 
Mallow; see Ma/va rotundifolia 
Malova rotundifolia 
Melanotrichus althaeae (Hussey), 96 
Maple; see dcer 
Maple, mountain; see Acer spicatum 
Maple, red; see Acer rubrum 
Maple, silver; see Acer saccharinum 
Maple, sugar; see Acer saccharum 
Meadow-sweet; see Spiraea salicifolia 
Medicago sativa 
Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze), 175 
Lygus elisus Van Duzee, 152 
Lygus hesperus Knight, 151 
Melilotus sp. 
Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze), 175 
Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 
Milkweed; see Asclepias sp. 
Mint, horse; see Monarda punctata 
Mint, mountain; see Pycnanthemum sp. 
Monarda punctata 
tPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
Mullein; see Verbascum 
Mustard, black; see Brassica nigra 
Myrica gale 
Plagiognathus flavicornis Knight, 30 
Nannyberry, see Viburnum lentago 
Nyssa sylvatica 
Lepidopsallus nyssae Johnston, 48 
Nyssa sp. 
Neolygus nyssae Knight, 164 
Oak; see Quercus 
Oak, blackjack; see Quercus marilandica 
Oak, bur; see Quercus macrocarpa 
Oak, live; see Quercus virginiana 
Oak, post; see Quercus stellata 
Oak, red; see Quercus rubra 
Oak, scarlet; see Quercus coccinea 
Oak, white; see Quercus alba 
Oak, yellow; see Quercus muhlenbergii 
Oats; see Avena sativa 
Onion, cultivated; see A//ium cepa 
Onion, wild; see A//ium cernuum 
Osmunda cinnamonea 
Monalocoris filicis (Linnaeus), 58 
Ostrya virginiana 
tCeratocapsus pilosulus Knight, 109 
Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
Neolygus ostryae Knight, 164 
Reuteria fuscicornis Knight, 94 
Panicum huachucae 
Collaria oculata (Reuter), 127 
Papoose root; see Caulophyllum thalictroides 
Parsnip; see Pastinaca sativa 
Parsnip, cow; see Heracleum lanatum 
Pastinaca sativa 
tLygus campestris (Linnaeus), 154 
Pea, hoary; see Tephrosia sp. 
Peach; see Prunus persica 
Pear; see Pyrus communis 
Pecan; see Carya illinoensis 
Petalostemum purpureum 
Lopidea minor Knight, 88 
Phaseolus sp. 
Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 
Lygus elisus Van Duzee, 152 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


September, 1941 


Lygus hesperus Knight, 151 
LOpistheuria clandestina Van Duzee, 131 
Phleum pratense 
Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 
Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 
tStenotus binotatus (Fabricius), 175 
Phlox sp. 
tLopidea confluenta (Say), 87 
Lopidea davisi Knight, 87 
Picea excelsa 
tPhytocoris buenoi Knight, 197 
Picea mariana 
Plagiognathus suffuscipennis Knight, 40 
Picea sp. 
Psallus piceicola Knight, 44 
Pine; see Pinus 
Pine, Austrian; see Pinus nigra var. austriaca 
Pine, pitch; see Pinus rigida 
Pine, red; see Pinus resinosa 
Pine, Scotch; see Pinus sylvestris 
Pine, scrub; see Pinus virginiana 
Pine, Virginia; see Pinus virginiana 
Pine, white; see Pinus strobus 
Pine, yellow, see Pinus echinata 
Pinus echinata 
tEustictus filicornis (Walker), 66 
Pinus nigra var. austriaca 
Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 
Pinus resinosa 
Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 
Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter, 166 
Phytocoris pinicola Knight, 201 
*Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight, 120 
Pinus rigida 
Phytocoris uniformis Knight, 201 
Pinus strobus 
{Deraeocoris nubilus Knight, 69 
*Deraeocoris pinicola Knight, 73 
Phytocoris diversus Knight, 200 
Phytocoris fulous Knight, 201 
{Pilophorus strobicola Knight, 122 
Platylygus luridus (Reuter), 147 
Psallus strobicola Knight, 45 
Pinus sylvestris 
Alepidia gracilis (Uhler), 119 
Dichrooscytus rufipennis (Fallen), 166 
Phytocoris pinicola Knight, 201 
{Pilophorus strobicola Knight, 122 
+Pilophorus uhleri Knight, 122 
*Pilophorus vanduzeei Knight, 120 
Pinus virginiana 
Alepidiella heidemanni Poppius, 119 
{Deraeocoris nigritulus Knight, 73 
Dichrooscytus suspectus Reuter, 166 
Phytocoris conspersipes Reuter, 201 
Phytocoris mundus Reuter, 201 
Pilophorus amoenus Uhler, 122 
Pilophorus laetus Van Duzee, 121 
Pinus sp. 
Deraeocoris albigulus Knight, 73 
tLargidea grossa Van Duzee, 63 
Phytocoris angustifrons Knight, 201 
Plantago aristata 
tLepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 
tPolymerus basalis (Reuter), 167 
Plantago lanceolata 
Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 
Plantain; see Plantago aristata 
Platanus occidentalis 
Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), 36 
Reuteria platani Knight, 95 
Poa compressa 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripar, oF ILLINOIS 


Capsus ater (Linnaeus), 138 
Poa pratensis 
Miris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 
Polygonum muhlenbergii 
}Deraeocoris histrio (Reuter), 69 
Polygonum sp. 
tGarganus fusiformis (Say), 181 
tLygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 
Polymnia canadensis 
Dicyphus gracilentus Parshley, 54 
Lopidea confiluenta (Say), 87 
Macrolophus tenuicornis Blatchley, 56 
Plagiognathus albifacies Knight, 35 
Polymnia uvedalia 
Lopidea confluenta (Say), 87 
Polymnia sp. 
Macrolophus separatus (Uhler), 55 
Poplar; see Populus 
Poplar, balsam; see Populus balsamtfera 
Populus balsamifera 
Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee, 89 
Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee, 102 
Populus candicans 
Orthotylus knighti Van Duzee, 102 
Populus deltoides 
tDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
Lopidea cuneata Van Duzee, 89 
Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 
tNeurocolpus nubilus (Say), 182 
Populus tremuloides 
tEustictus necopinus Knight, 66 
Orthotylus candidatus Van Duzee, 102 
Populus sp. 
Neoborus populi Knight, 142 
Potato; see Solanum tuberosum 
Prunus persica 
Neolygus caryae Knight, 162 
tNeolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 
Psedera quinquefolia 
Paracalocoris castus McAtee, 178 
Psedera sp. 
Neolygus hirticulus (Van Duzee), 163 
Ptelea trifoliata 
tParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 
Pycnanthemum sp. 
tPhytocoris tibialis Reuter, 205 
Pyrus communis 
Neolygus communis Knight, 159 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
Pyrus coronaria 
Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 
Pyrus malus 
Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 
*Deraeocoris fasciolus Knight, 70 
Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
*Eurychilopterella luridula Reuter, 73 
Heterocordylus malinus Reuter, 107 
Lygidea mendax Reuter, 146 
Paracalocoris pallidulus McAtee, 178 
*Phytocoris breviusculus Reuter, 190 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
*Phytocoris neglectus Knight, 194 
Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Quercus alba 
+Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 
Diaphnidia provancheri (Burque), 92 
Microphylellus maculipennis Knight, 41 
+Microphylellus modestus Reuter, 41 
Neolygus geneseensis Knight, 159 
Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 
Neolygus quercalbae Knight, 160 
Neolygus semivittatus Knight, 163 


215 


216 ItLinors NaturRAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


tPeritropis husseyi Knight, 62 
Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 
Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 119 

Quercus coccinea 
Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 
Quercus macrocarpa 

tCeratocapsus pilosulus Knight, 109 

*Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler), 67 

+Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 72 

tHyaliodes brevis Knight, 58 
Phytocoris depictus Knight, 208 
Phytocoris quercicola Knight, 203 

+Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 
Plagiognathus nigrolineatus Knight, 35 
Reuteria querci Knight, 95 

Quercus marilandica 
{Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 
Quercus muhlenbergii 
Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 
Quercus rubra 

Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 

Phytocoris depictus Knight, 208 
tPseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 

Pseudoxenetus scutellatus (Uhler), 118 

Quercus stellata 

Lepidopsallus miniatus Knight, 48 

Neocapsus cuneatus Distant, 147 

Neolygus geneseensis Knight, 159 

Quercus virginiana 
Pseudoxenetus regalis (Uhler), 119 
Quercus sp. 

Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 
{Deraeocoris sayi (Reuter), 73 
{Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
tPhytocoris confiuens Reuter, 205 
tPhytocoris puella Reuter, 207 
}Pilophorus clavatus (Linnaeus), 124 

Plagiognathus guttulosus (Reuter), 40 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 

Quince; see Cydonia oblonga 
Ragweed; see Ambrosia 
Ragweed, giant; see Ambrosia trifida 
Raspberry; see Rubus odoratus 
Rhus aromatica 

Platytylellus fraternus Knight, 134 
Ribes cynosbati 

{Phytocoris vittatus Reuter, 190 

Ribes oxyacanthoides 

Horcias fallax Reuter, 173 
Ribes sp. 

Paracalocoris colon (Say), 180 
*Phytocoris canadensis Van Duzee, 193 

Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 

Robinia pseudoacacia 

{Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 

{Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 
Lopidea robiniae (Uhler), 89 
Orthotylus robiniae Johnston, 100 
Orthotylus submarginatus (Say), 103 
Paracalocoris gleditsiae Knight, 180 

{Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 

Rosa sp. 
Plagiognathus rosicola Knight, 36 
Rubus odoratus 
Dicyphus agilis (Uhler), 53 
Dicyphus famelicus (Uhler), 54 
Rubus sp. 
tPhytocoris breviusculus Reuter, 190 
Rumex sp. 
Adelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 
Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 
Rushes; see Funcus 


Sagebrush; see Artemisia 
Salix amygdaloides 
*Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight, 116 
Lygidea salicis Knight, 146 
Lygus rubicundus (Fallen), 153 
Salix fragilis 
Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee, 104 
Orthotylus ornatus Van Duzee, 103 
Salix longifolia 
Lygidea rosacea Reuter, 145 
Orthotylus basicornis Knight, 102 
Paracalocoris salicis Knight, 177 
Phytocoris rubellus Knight, 202 
Plagiognathus flavoscutellatus Knight, 32 
Plagiognathus salicicola Knight, 36 
Plagiognathus tinctus Knight, 31 
Salix nigra 
*Ceratocapsus fuscinus Knight, 115 
Lopidea salicis Knight, 89 
Lygidea obscura Reuter, 145 
Orthotylus modestus Van Duzee, 104 
Orthoty/us neglectus Knight, 105 
Orthotylus viridis Van Duzee, 101 
*Phytocoris salicis Knight, 196 
Salix syrticola 
Plagiognathus syrticolae Knight, 31 
Salix sp. 
Ceratocapsus incisus Knight, 113 
Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 
{Diaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
tEustictus salicicola Knight, 66 
Lepidopsallus rubidus (Uhler), 47 
{Lopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 
{Lopidea media (Say), 89 
Lygus atritylus Knight, 157 
tLygus plagiatus Uhler, 153 
Microsynamma bohemanni (Fallen), 42 
tNeurocolpus nubilis (Say), 182 
tOptstheuria clandestina Van Duzee, 131 
Orthotylus dorsalis (Provancher), 100 
Orthotylus rossi Knight, 102 
tParacalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
*Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee, 199 
Pilophorus brunneus Poppius, 123 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
tPlatytylellus rubrovittatus (Stal), 133 
tPolymerus venustus Knight, 170 
Sambucus sp. 
tNeurocolpus jessiae Knight, 183 
Scirpus sp. 
Teratocoris discolor Uhler, 128 
Scrophularia leporella 
Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 
tPlatytylellus rubellicollis Knight, 136 
Sedges, see Carex, Funcus, Scirpus 
Sheepberry; see Viburnum lentago 
Sida spinosa 
Reuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 
Silphium perfoliatum 
Strongylocoris hirtus Knight, 80 
Smartweed; see Polygonum 
Smilacina racemosa 
Horcias dislocatus (Say), 173 
Snowberry; see Symphoricarpos orbiculatus 
Solanum tuberosum 
Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius), 172 
Solidago altissima q 
Polymerus venaticus (Uhler), 169 
Strongylocoris breviatus Knight, 79 
Solidago canadensis 
Lygus vanduzeei Knight, 150 


Vol. 22, Artod 


September, 1941 


Solidago rugosa 
Lopidea media (Say), 89 
Solidago sp. 
Ilnacora malina (Uhler), 83 
Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Polymerus flavocostatus Knight, 168 
Strongylocoris stygicus (Say), 79 
Solomon’s seal, false; see Smi/acina racemosa 
Spartina michauxiana 
Trigonotylus tarsalis (Reuter), 129 
Spiderwort; see Tradescantia 
Spiraea salicifolia 
Plagiognathus albonotatus Knight, 31 
Spruce, black; see Picea mariana 
Spruce, Norway; see Picea excelsa 
Spurge; see Euphorbia 
Staphylea trifolia 
Lopidea staphyleae Knight, 90 
Sumach; see Rhus ai omatica 
Sunflower; see Helianthus 
Sweet William; see Ph/ox 
Sycamore; see Platanus occidentalis 
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus 
tLopidea heidemanni Knight, 88 
tPlagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
tPsallus seriatus (Reuter), 45 
tReuteroscopus sulphureus (Reuter), 49 
Tamarack; see Larix /aricina 
Taxodium distichum 
Ceratocapsus taxodii Knight, 111 
Orthotylus taxodii Knight, 101 
Parthenicus taxodii Knight, 76 
*Phytocoris erectus Van Duzee, 199 
Phytocoris exemplus Knight, 201 
Phytocoris taxodii Knight, 203 
Pilophorus taxodii Knight, 121 
{Plagiognathus politus Uhler, 29 
Tephrosia sp. 
Teleorhinus tephrosicola Knight, 52 
Thuja occidentalis 
Dichrooscytus tinctipennis Knight, 165 
Dichrooscytus viridicans Knight, 165 
Tickweed; see Coreopsis 
Tilia americana 
Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 
tCeratocapsus rubricornis Knight, 109 
*Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight, 72 
Neolygus tiliae Knight, 161 
Neurocolpus tiliae Knight, 182 
*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 188 
1Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 
Plagiognathus sericeus (Heidemann), 34 
Tilia sp. 
{Deraeocoris quercicola Knight, 71 
Timothy; see Phleum pratense 
Tomato; see Lycopersicon esculentum 
Touch-me-not; see Jmpatiens biflora 
Tradescantia sp. 
tLopidea media (Say), 89 
tMiris dolabratus (Linnaeus), 127 
Trifolium pratense 
tLopidea confluenta (Say), 87 
Trifolium repens 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 217 


Halticus bracteatus (Say), 77 

Trifolium sp. 
tAdelphocoris rapidus (Say), 174 
Tsuga canadensis 

Microphylellus tsugae Knight, 42 
Tupelo; see Nyssa 
Tussilago farfara 

Garganus fusiformis (Say), 181 
Ulmus americana 

Neolygus invitus (Say), 157 

Reuteria trrorata (Say), 93 
Ulmus sp. 

*Deraeocoris aphidiphagus Knight, 71 
*Deraeocoris nitenatus Knight, 72 
tDiaphnidia pellucida Uhler, 92 
tEurychilopterella luridula Reuter, 73 

Lopidea hetdemanni Knight, 88 

{Microphylellus modestus Reuter, 41 

*Phytocoris conspurcatus Knight, 189 

*Phytocorts cortitectus Knight, 196 

1Phytocoris sulcatus Knight, 190 
Vaccinium sp. 

Plagiognathus repetitus Knight, 40 
Verbascum sp. 

Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 
Verbena stricta 

Campylomma verbasci (Meyer), 25 
Vervain, hoary; see Verbena stricta 
Vetchling; see Lathyrus venosus 
Viburnum acerifolium 

Neolygus belfragii (Reuter), 162 
Viburnum lentago 

Lygidea viburni Knight, 145 

Neolygus viburni Knight, 159 
Viburnum sp. 

Neolygus omnivagus Knight, 163 
Virginia creeper; see Psedera quinquefolta 
Virgin’s bower; see Clematis virginiana 
Vitis rotundifolia 

Neolygus inconspicuus Knight, 161 

Paracalocoris multisignatus Reuter, 180 
Vitis sp. 

Ceratocapsus modestus (Uhler), 111 

Ceratocapsus pumilus (Uhler), 112 

*Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say), 56 

Paracalocoris scrupeus (Say), 177 

Paraxenetus guttulatus (Uhler), 209 
Waahoo; see Evonymus atropurpureus 
Walnut; see Fuglans 
Walnut, black; see Fuglans nigra 
Willow; see Salix 
Willow, black; see Salix nigra 
Willow, crack; see Salix fragilis 
Willow, sand; see Salix syrticola 
Willow, sandbar; see Salix longifolia 
Willow, peach-leaved; see Salix amygdaloides 
Winterberry; see [/ex verticillata 
Witchhazel; see Hamamelts virginiana 
Woodbine; see Psedera 
Wormwood; see Artemisia canadensis 
Xanthium sp. 

Ilnacora sta/ti Reuter, 84 
Yarrow; see Achillea 


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Soc. Bul. 


1927a. 


19274. 


1927c. 


1927d. 


19282. 


19284. 


1929a. 


19293. 


1929¢. 


1929d. 


19302. 


19304. 


1930c. 


1930d. 


1931. 


1934. 


1938. 


Ittinors NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN 


;, Descriptions of seven new Paracalo- 


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Notes on the distribution and host 


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Descriptions of twelve new species 
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Descriptions of fifteen new species of 
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New species and a new genus of 
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. Descriptions of seven new species of 


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New species of Halticotoma and 
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New species of Neoborus and Xeno- 
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The fourth paper on new species of 
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An European plant-bug (Adelpho- 
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New species of Psallus Fieber (He 
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New species of Ceratocapsus (He- 
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A new key to Paracalocoris with 
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Dacota hesperia Uhler referred to 
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Neurocolpus Reuter: key with five 
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Vol. 22;:ArERa 


1939a. Three new species of Miridae from 
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19144, 


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1858. 


Descriptions of new species of Heter- 
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An investigation of the Lygus species 
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Observations on some Capsidae with 
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13-16. 


INDEX 


Adelphocoris, 137, 174 antennalis, Phytocoris, 184, 185 
lineolatus, 4, 15, 174, 175 aphidiphagus, Deraeocoris, ‘4, 68, 70, 71 
rapidus, 15, 174 apicalis, Barberiella, 21, 209 
superbus, 174 apicalis, Lygus, 148, 149, 154 

affinis, Horcias dislocatus, 173 apicatus, Plagiognathus repletus, 29, 38 

Agalliastes associatus, 25 Apocremnus ancorifer, 46 
signatus, 45 aptera, Cicada, 77 
suavis, 26 apterus, Halticus, 77 

agilis, Dicyphus, 19, 53 ardens, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 

agilis, Idolocoris, 53 areolatus, Sixeonotus, 59, 60 

ainsliei, Labopidea, 105 arundinicola, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 198 

albatus, Plagiognathus, 36, 37 associatus, Agalliastes, 25 
albatus, 28 associatus, Chlamydatus, PIN PAS PAS: 
similis, 37 astericola, Psallus, 43, 45 
vittiscutis, 29, 37, 38 ater, Capsus, 138 

albatus, Psallus, 36 semiflavus, 138 

albifacies, Phytocoris, 185, 186 tyrannus, 138 

albifacies, Plagiognathus, 23, 27, 35 ater, Cimex, 138 

albigulus, Deraeocoris, 68, 72, 73 Atomoscelis seriatus, 45 

albigulus, Paracalocoris pallidulus, 176, 178 Atractotomus, 15, 17, 22, 51 

albocuneatus, Plagiognathus obscurus, 28, 33 crataegi, 51 

albofasciata, Leucopoecila, 50 magnicornis, 24 

albonotatus, Plagiognathus, 31, 32 atricolor, Lepidopsallus rubidus, 47 
albonotatus, 28 atricornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 35 
compar, 29, 31 atrinotatus, Lygus, 162 
tinctus, 31 atrinotatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 162 

alboradialis, Plagiognathus, 28, 31 atriscutis, Neoborus amoenus, 140 

Alepidia, 118, 119 atritibialis, Lygus, 148, 149, 152 
gracilis, 119 atritibialis, Strongylocoris, 78, 80 

squamosa, 119 atritylus, Lygus, 157 

Alepidiella, 118, 119 atritylus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158 
heidemanni, 119 aurantiacus, Miris dolabratus, 127 

allii, Labopidea, 4, 14, 105 

alni, Lygus, 157 bakeri, Chlamydatus, 45 

alni, Neolygus, 154, 157, 158 bakeri, Psallus, 43, 45 

alnicenatus, Psallus, 43, 44 Barberiella, 19, 209 

alnicola, Deraeocoris, 68, 70 apicalis, BT 209 

alnicola, Psallus, 43, 44 formicoides, 209 

althaeae, Melanotrichus, 14, 15, 95, 96 basalis, Poeciloscy tus, 167 

althaeae, Orthotylus, 96 basalis, Polymerus, 167 

Amblytylus, 24, 51 basalis, 166 
nasutus, 51 fuscatus, 166, 167 
sexguttatus, 51 basicornis, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 102, 105 

ambrosiae, Strongylocoris, 78, 80, 81 belfragii, Ly gus, 162 

amoena, Coquillettia, 17, 52 belfragii, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161, 162 

amoenus, Macrotylus, 23, 51 betulae, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 70 

amoenus, Neoborus, 4, 13, 140, 141 bidens, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
amoenus, 139 bifurcata, Reuteria, 93, 94 
atriscutis, 140 binotatus, Lygaeus, 175 
palmeri, 141 binotatus, Neolygus canadensis, 156, 164 
scutellaris, 139, 140 binotatus, Stenotus, 175 
signatus, 140 blatchleyi, Plagiognathus, 24, 35 

amoenus, Orectoderus, 52 blatchleyi, 27 

amoenus, Pilophorus, 120, 122 nubilus, 27, 36 

amoenus, Tropidosteptes, 140 bohemanni, Microsynamma, 21, 24, 42 

amorphae, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 90 bohemanni, Phytocoris, 42 

amorphae, Psallus, 43, 44 borealis, Camptobrochys, 71 

ancorifer, Apocremnus, 46 borealis, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 70, 71 

ancorifer, Psallus, 21, 44, 46 borealis, Platytylellus, 132, 136 

angusticollis, Platytylellus insitivus, 132, 134 Bothynotus, 64 

angustifrons, Phytocoris, 200, 201 modestus, 23, 64 

angustulus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 197 bracteatus, Cylapus, 77 

annulatus, Plagiognathus, a3; 34 bracteatus, Halticus, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21, 77 
annulatus, 27 breviatus, Strongylocoris, 78, 79, 80 
cuneatus, 34 brevicornis, Macrolophus, 55 
nigrofemoratus, 27, 34 brevifurcatus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195 


[ 223 ] 


224 


brevipes, Trigonotylus, 129 
brevirostris, Plagiognathus, 27, 28, 33 
brevirostris, Polymerus, 167, 170 
brevis, Hyaliodes, 56, 58 
breviusculus, Phytocoris, 184, 190 
brunneata, Eurychilopterella, 73, 74 
brunneus, Fulvius, 21, 23, 61 
brunneus, Lygus, 61 

brunneus, Pilophorus, 120, 123 
Bryocorinae, 17, 22, 58 

buenoi, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 


caesar, Lopidea, 91 
Callicapsus histrio, 69 
Callimiris tarsalis, 129 
Calocoris, 137 

norvegicus, 137 
camelus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 114 
campestris, Cimex, 154 
campestris, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 154 
Camptobrochis, 4, 66 

grandis, 71 

nebulosus, 67 

nitens, 72 

poecilus, 67 
Camptobrochys borealis, 71 
Campylomma, 24, 25 

verbasci, 25 
canadensis, Lygus, 164 
canadensis, Neoborus, 140, 141, 143 
canadensis, Neolygus, 158, 163, 164 

binotatus, 156, 164 

canadensis, 155, 156 
canadensis, Phytocoris, 189, 

194, 195, 196 
canadensis, Tropidosteptes, 141 
candidatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102 
capitata, Diaphnidia, 91, 92 
Capsinae, 17, 18, 19, 20, 131 
Capsini, 131, 136 
Capsus, 15, 17, 136, 138 

ater, 138 

semiflavus, 138 
tyrannus, 138 

chlorionis, 98 

circumcinctus, 135 

colon, 180 

confluentus, 87 

dislocatus, 173 

filicornis, 66 

fusiformis, 181 

geminus, 140 

imbecilis, 61 

insignis, 135 

insitivus, 133 

invitus, 157 

irroratus, 93 

medius, 89 

nubilus, 182 

oblineatus, 148 

rapidus, 174 

robiniae, 89 

scrupeus, 177 

simulans, 138 

stygicus, 79 

submarginatus, 103 

verbasci, 25 

vitripennis, 56 
cardinalis, Tropidosteptes, 4, 139 
caricis, Cy rtorhinus, 95 
Carolinae, Lygus, 154 
carpini, Neolygus, 155, 158, 164 


191, 192, 193, 


Ittinois NatrurAL History SurveEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


caryae, Lygus, 161 
caryae, Neolygus, 15, 158, 161 
caryae, 156 
subfuscus, 156, 162, 163 
caryae, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 207 
caryae, Plagiognathus, 29, 38 
castus, Deraeocoris fasciolus, 70 
castus, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 
castus, Paracalocoris colon, 178 
catulus, Melanotrichus, 96, 97 
catulus, Orthotylus, 97 
celtidis, Paracalocoris, 176, 179 
Ceratocapsini, 75, 107 
Ceratocapsus, 15, 17, 107, 108 
camelus, 108, 110, 114 
complicatus, 108, 110, 114 
decurvatus, 109, 110, 116 
digitulus, 109, 110, 115 
fasciatus, 108, 109, 110 
fuscinus, 109, 110, 115 
husseyi, 108, 110, 113 
incisus, 109, 110, 113 
lutescens, 108, 109, 111 
luteus, 108, 110, 111 
modestus, 21, 108, 110, 111 
nigellus, 108, 110, 111 
nigrocephalus, 108, 111 
pilosulus, 108, 109, 110 
pilosus, 109 
pumilus, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116 
quadrispiculus, 109, 110, 114 
rubricornis, 108, 109, 110 
sericus, 108, 110, 113 
setosus, 108, 110, 115 
taxodii, 7, 10, 108, 110, 111 
uniformis, 109, 110, 113, 114 
vicinus, 108, 110, 112 
Chlamydatus, 24, 25 
associatus, 21, 25, 26 
bakeri, 45 
pulicarius, 25, 26 
suavis, 25, 26 
chlorionis, Capsus, 98 
chlorionis, Orthotylus, 97, 98, 99, 100 
chrysanthemi, Miris, 31 
chrysanthemi, Plagiognathus, 28, 31, 35 
chrysopsis, Polymerus, 167, 171 
Cicada aptera, 77 
Cimex ater, 138 
campestris, 154 
clavatus, 124 
dolabratus, 127 
filicis, 58 
lineolatus, 175 
pabulinus, 153 
ruficornis, 130 
circumcinctus, Capsus, 135 
circumcinctus, Platytylellus, 132, 135 
citri, Rhinacloa, 77 
clandestina, Opistheuria, 131 
dorsalis, 131 
ventralis, 131 
claricornis, Lepidopsallus, 46, 47 
clavatus, Cimex, 124 
clavatus, Pilophorus, 120, 124 
clavigenitalis, Lygus, 163 
clavigenitalis, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163 
Clivinema, 64 
villosa, 64 
Clivineminae, 17, 63 
Clivinemini, 20, 63, 64 
coccineus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 


September, 1941 


Coccobaphes, 137, 138 

sanguinareus, 138 
Collaria, 20, 125, 126 

meilleurii, 126 

oculata, 126, 127 
colon, Capsus, 180 
colon, Paracalocoris, 3, 177, 180 

castus, 178 
commissuralis, Xenoborus, 143, 144 
communis, Lygus, 159 
communis, Neolygus, 3, 4, 13, 156, 157, 158, 

159 

novascotiensis, 14, 160 
compar, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
compar, Plagiognathus albonotatus, 29, 31 
complicatus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 114 
confluens, Phytocoris, 201, 204, 205 
confluens, Phytocoris puella, 205 
confluenta, Lopidea, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91 
confluentus, Capsus, 87 
confraternus, Platytylellus, 134 
conspersipes, Phytocoris, 200, 201 
conspurcatus, Phytocoris, 184, 185, 188, 189 
convexicollis, Pycnoderes, 60 
Coquillettia, 15, 17, 22, 52 

amoena, 17, 52 

mimetica, 21 
cornicola, Plagiognathus, 27, 29, 38 
corticevivens, Phytocoris, 185, 186, 189 
cortitectus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 196 
costalis, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 
crataegi, Atractotomus, 51° 
crataegi, Plagiognathus dispar, 28, 40 
Criocoris, 22, 49 

saliens, ae 49 
cunealis, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
cuneata, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 
cuneatus, Deraeocoris, 67 
cuneatus, Neocapsus, 147 
cuneatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 27, 34 
cuneatus, Plagiognathus annulatus, 34 
curtulus, Mesomiris, 131 
Cylapinae, 4, 17, 61 
Cylapini, 19, 61 
Cylapus, 61 

bracteatus, 77 

tenuicornis, 4, 19, 21, 61 
Cyrtopeltis, 52, 53 

tenuis, 53 

varians, 53 
Cyrtopeltocoris, 19, 116, 117 

illini, 117 


KNIGHT: PLANT Bucs, or Miripak, oF ILLINOIS 


Deraeocoris, 4, 17, 65, 66 


albigulus, 68, 72, 73 
alnicola, 68, 70 
aphidiphagus, 4, 68, 70, 71 
betulae, 68, 69, 7 
borealis, 68, 69, 105 71 
cuneatus, 67 
davisi, 68, 70, 72 
fasciolus, 68, 70 

castus, 70 

fasciolus, 69 
grandis, 68, 69, 71 
histrio, 4, 66, 68, 69 
laricicola, 5, 68, 72, 73 
nebulosus, 4, 21, 67, 68 
nigritulus, 68, 72, 73 
nitenatus, 4, 68, 70, 71, 72 
nubilus, 4, 7, 23, 67, 68, 69 
ornatus, 67, 68 
pinicola, 4, 6, D1 685.72,:73 
poecilus, 4, 67, 68 
quercicola, 68, TA 

pallens, 70, 71 

quercicola, 70 
ruber, 21 
sayi, 68, 73 

costalis, 73 

frontalis, 73 

marginata, 73 

sayi, 73 

unicolor, 73 
simulans, 138 


Diaphnidia, 82, 91 


capitata, 91, 92 
pellucida, 19, 91, 92 
provancheri, 91, 92 


Dichrooscytus, 137, 165 


elegans, 165 
rufipennis, 165, 166 
suspectus, 165, 166 
tinctipennis, 165 
viridicans, 165 


Dicyphinae, 17, 20, 22, 52 
Dicyphus, 53 


agilis, 19, 53 
discrepans, 4, 21, 53, 54 
famelicus, 21, a. 54 
gracilentus, 10, 53, 54 
minimus, 53, 54 
notatus, 53 


separatus, 55 
vestitus, 4, 23, 53, 54 


an 


Cyrtorhinus, 82, 95 


digitulus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 115 
caricis 95 


dilatatus, Pycnoderes, 21, 60, 61 
discifer, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 135 
discoidalis, Hyaliodes vitripennis, 56 
discolor, Teratocoris, 12, 128 
discrepans, Dicyphus, 4, 21, 53, 54 
dislocatus, Capsus, 173 
dislocatus, Horcias, 172, 173 

affinis, 173 

coccineus, 173 

flavidus, 172, 173 

goniphorus, 173 

gradus, 173 

limbatellus, 173 

marginalis, 173 

nigriclavus, 173 

nigritus, 173 

pallipes, 173 

residuus, 173 

rubellus, 173 


davisi, Deraeocoris, 68, 70, 72 

davisi, Largidea, 19, 63 

davisi, Lopidea, 4, 14, 85, 86, 87, 88 
davisi, Pamillia, 108 

davisi, Phytocoris, 185, 187 

davisi, Plagiognathus, 28, 38 

davisi, Teleorhinus, 19 

debilis, Plagiognathus tinctus, 28, 32 
decolor, Lopus, 21, 51 

decurvatus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 116 
delicatus, Orthotylus, 96 

delicatus, Plagiognathus, 29, 36, 37 
delicatus, Psallus, 37, 96 

delta, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
depallens, Plagiognathus salicicola, 29, 36 
depictus, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 208 
Deraeocorinae, 17, 20, 64 


226 Intinoris NaturAL History SuRvVEY BULLETIN Vol. 22, Art. 1 


scutatus, 173 frisoni, Lygus, 148, 151 
dispar, Plagiognathus, 39 frontalis, Deracocoris sayi, 73 
crataegi, 28, 40 fulvidus, Plagiognathus, 27, 37 
dispar, 28 Fulviini, 20, 61 
dispar, Plagiognathus punctatipes, 39 fulvipes, Polymerus, 167, 170 
diversus, Phytocoris, 7, 200 Fulvius, 4, 61 
divisa, Ilnacora, 83 brunneus, 21, 23, 61 
dolabratus, Cimex, 127 imbecilis, 61 
dolabratus, Miris, 12, 15, 23, 127 fulvotinctus, Plagiognathus negundinis, 33 
aurantiacus, 127 fulvus, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 
dorsalis, Lygus, 100 fumatus, Phytocoris, 185, 188, 189, 190 
dorsalis, Opistheuria clandestina, 131 fumidus, Noctuocoris, 105 
dorsalis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 100, 105 fuscatus, Polymerus basalis, 166, 167 
drakei, Psallus, 44, 46 fuscatus, Psallus, 43, 44 
drakei, Py cnoderes, 60, 61 fuscatus, Psallus "parshleyi, 44 
fuscicornis, Microphylellus maculipennis, 40, 41 
elegans, Dichrooscytus, 165 fuscicornis, Orthotylus, 102 
elisus, Lygus, 15, 148, 149, 152 fuscicornis, Reuteria, 93, 94 
hesperus, 151 fuscinus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 115 
elisus, Lygus pratensis, 152 fusiformis, Capsus, 181 
elongatus, Microphylellus, 41, 42 fusiformis, Garganus, 181 
Episcopus ornatus, 48 
erectus, Phytocoris, 9, 191, 192, 195, 199 Garganus, 137, 181 
Euarmosus, 66, 73 fusiformis, 181 
sayi, 73 geminus, Capsus, 140 
Eucerocoris guttulatus, 209 geminus, Neoborus, 139, 140 
Eurychilopterella, 65, 73 geminus, Neolygus, 155, 158, 163 
brunneata, 73, 74 geminus, Pilophorus, 120, 122 
luridula, 21, 73, 74 geneseensis, Lygus, 159 
Eustictus, 64, 65 geneseensis, Neolygus, 156, 158, 159 
filicornis, 65, 66 gerhardi, Polymerus, 167, 171 
necopinus, 65, 66 gilvipes, Mecomma, 82, 95 
salicicola, 65 glaber, Neoborus, 139, 140 
venatorius, 21, 65, 66 gleditsiae, Paracalocoris, 176, 179, 180 
evonymi, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 gleditsiae, Plagiognathus, 11, 26, ye 37 
exemplus, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 goniphorus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
eximius, Phytocoris, 189, 193, 194 gracilentus, Dicyphus, 10, 53, 54 
gracilis, Alepidia, 119 
fagi, Lygus, 161 squamosa, 119 
fagi, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161, 163 gracilis, Mimoceps insignis, 126 
fallax, Horcias, 172, 173 gracilis, Pilophorus, 119 
famelicus, Dicy phus, 21, 53, 54 gradus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
famelicus, Idolocoris, 54 grandis, Camptobrochis, 71 
fasciatum, Megacoelum, 109 grandis, Deraeocoris, 68, 69, 71 
fasciatus, Ger traces 108, 109, 110 grossa, Largidea, 23, 63 
fasciolus, Deraeocoris, 68, 70 grossum, Megacoelum, 66 
castus, 70 guttulatus, Eucerocoris, 209 
_ fasciolus, 69 guttulatus, Paraxenetus, 209 
ferrugatus, Miris, 127 guttulosus, Plagiognathus, 28, 40 
Fiebrigiella silvestri, 209 guttulosus, Psallus, 40 
filicis, Cimex, 58 i. 
filicis, Monalocoris, 19, 23, 58 Hadronema, 81, 84 
filicornis, Capsus, 66 militare, 82, 84 
filicornis, Eustictus, 65, 66 Halticini, 75 
flaveolus, Plagiognathus politus, 26, 29 Halticus, 17, 75, 77 
flavicornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 30, 31 apterus, 77 
flavidus, Horcias dislocatus, 172, 173 bracteatus, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21, 77 
flavocostatus, Polymerus, 167, 168 intermedius, 21, 77 
flavoscutellatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 32 harti, Hyaliodes, 56, 57 
flavosparsus, Melanotrichus, 96 hawleyi, Paracalocoris, 4, 15, 176, 178 
flavosparsus, Orthotylus, 21 pallidulus, 178 
flavosparsus, Phytocoris, 96 heidemanni, Alepidiella, 119 
formicoides, Barberiella, 209 heidemanni, Hesperophylum, 19, 74 
forticornis, Rhinacloa, 24, 50 heidemanni, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90 
fraterculus, Platytylellus, 133, 136 heidemanni, Sericophanes, 15, 116 
fraterculus, Platytylellus i insignis, 136 Hesperophylum, 20, 64, 74 
fraternus, Plagiognathus obscurus, 26, 33, 44 heidemanni, 19, 74 
fraternus, Platytylellus, 131, 134 hesperus, Lygus, 15, 148, 149, 151, 152 
discifer, 132, 135 hesperus, Lygus elisus, 151 
fraternus, 132 Heterocordylus, 82, 107 


regalis, 132, 135 malinus, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21, 107 
rubromarginatus, 132, 135 hirticulus, Lygus, 163 


September, 1941 KnicHt: PLANT Buas, ork Miripag, oF ILLINors 


hirticulus, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164 


hirtum, Semium, 19, 75 
hirtus, Labops, 19, 21, 81. 
hirtus, Strongylocoris, 78, 80, 81 
histrio, Callicapsus, 69 
histrio, Deraeocoris, 4, 66, 68, 69 
Horcias, 137, 172 
dislocatus, 172, 173 
affinis, 173 
coccineus, 173 
flavidus, 172, 173 
goniphorus, 173 
gradus, 173 
limbatellus, 173 
marginalis, 173 
nigriclavus, 173 
nigritus, 173 
pallipes, 173 
residuus, 173 
rubellus, 173 
scutatus, 173 
fallax, 172, 173 
illini, vi, 172 
husseyi, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 113 
husseyi, Peritropis, 62 
husseyi, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 199 
Hyaliodes, 20, 52, 56 
brevis, 56, 58 
harti, 56, 57 
vitripennis, 21, 56, 57, 58 
discoidalis, 56 
vitripennis, 56 


Idolocoris agilis, 53 

famelicus, 54 
illini, Cyrtopeltocoris, 117 
illini, Horcias, vi, 172 
illini, IInacora, 83 
illini, Polymerus, 166, 168 
Ilnacora, 82 

divisa, 83 

illini, 83 

malina, 21, 83 

stalii, 12, 82, 83, 84 
imbecilis, Capsus, 61 
imbecilis, Fulvius, 61 


immaculatus, Orthotylus modestus, 97, 104 


incisus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113 
inconspicuus, Lygus, 161 
inconspicuus, Neolygus, 155, 158, 161 
incurva, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88 
incurvus, Pycnoderes, 60 
infuscatus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 
insignis, Capsus, 135 
insignis, Mimoceps, 12, 125 
gracilis, 126 
insignis, Platytylellus, 133, 135 
fraterculus, 136 
insignis, Sixeonotus, 21, 59 
insitivus, Capsus, 133 
insitivus, Platytylellus, 21, 133 
angusticollis, 132, 134 
insitivus, 132 
instabilis, Lomatopleura, 91 
instabilis, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 91 
intermedius, Halticus, Die El 
invitus, Capsus, 157 
invitus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 
irrorata, Reuteria, 93, 94, 95 
irroratus, Capsus, 93 


jessiae, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 


johnsoni, Lygus, 162 

‘ae Neolygus, 4, 156, 158, 162 
jJuniperi, Parthenicus, 76 

Juniperi, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 
jJuniperi, Psallus, 76 

Junipericola, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 


knighti, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102, 105 


Labopidea, 82, 105 
ainsliei, 105 
allii, 4, 14, 105 
planifrons, 105 
Labopini, 19, 74, 81 
Labops, 81 
hirtus, 19, 21, 81 
lacunosus, Phy tocoris, 191, 193, 195, 197 
laetus, Pilophorus, 120, 121, 123 
Largidea, 63 
davisi, 19, 63 
grossa, 23, 63 
Largideini, 20, 63 
laricicola, Deracocoris, 5 5 ye PAS 
laricicola, Plagiognathus, Ss fe 39 
lasiomerus, Phytocoris, 21, 184, 185 
lateralis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 
lateralis, Polymerus unifasciatus, 166, 168 
lathyrae, Lopidea, 91 
lathyri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 91 
Lepidopsallus, 22, 46 
claricornis, 46, 47 
miniatus, 47, 48 
minusculus, 47 
nyssae, 11, 47, 48 
rostratus, 46, 47 
rubidus, 47 
atricolor, 47 
rubidus, 47 
Leucopoecila, 24, 50 
albofasciata, 50 
limbatellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
limbus, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 
lineatus, Lygaeus, 172 
lineatus, Poecilocapsus, 13, 172 
lineolatus. Adelphocoris, 4, 15, 174, 175 
lineolatus, Cimex, 175 
Lomatopleura instabilis, 91 
longirostris, Microphylellus, 41, 42 
Lopidea, 17, 81, 84 
amorphae, 85, 86, 87, 90 
caesar, 91 
confluenta, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91 
cuneata, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 
davisi, 4, 14, 85, 86, 87, 88 
incurva, 85, 86, 87, 88 
instabilis, 84, 85, 86, 91 
heidemanni, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90 
lathyrae, o1 
lathyri, 85, 86, 87, 91 
media, "84, "85, 86, 88, 89 
minor, 85, 86, 87, 88 
reuteri, 85, 86, 90, 91 
robiniae, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90 
salicis, 85, 86, 88, 89 
staphyleae, 4, 84, 85, 86, 90 
sanguinea, 90 
Lopus, 24, 51 
decolor, 21, 51 
lucidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
lurida, Lygidea rubecula, 147 
luridula, Eurychilopterella, 21, 73, 74 
luridus, Platylygus, 147 


bo 


228 ILtino1is NATURAL History SURVEY BULLETIN Vol. 22, Art. 1 


luteolus, Phytocoris, 201, 204, 209 maculipennis, 40 
lutescens, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 111 maerkelii, Pithanus, 19, 125 
luteus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 magnicornis, Atractotomus, 24 
Lygaeus binotatus, 175 Malacocoris provancheri, 92 
‘lineatus, 172 malina, IInacora, 21, 83 
pulicarius, 26 malina, Sthenarops, 83 
rufipennis, 166 malinus, Heterocordylus, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21, 107 
unifasciatus, 167 marginalis, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
Lygidea, 137, 145 marginata, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 
“mendax, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 Mecomma, 82, 95 
obscura, 145 gilvipes, 82, 95 
rosacea, 145 media, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89 
rubecula, 145 medius, Capsus, 89 
lurida, 147 medius, Pycnoderes, 60 
obscura, 145 Megacoelum fasciatum, 109 
rosacea, 145 grossum, 66 
salicis, 145, 146 Megaloceroea, 125 
viburni, 145 recticornis, 125 
Lygus, 17, 137, 148 meilleurii, Collaria, 126 
alni, 157 Melanotrichus, 82, 95 
apicalis, 148, 149, 154 althaeae, 14, 15, 95, 96 
atrinotatus, 162 catulus, 96, 97 
atritibialis, 148, 149, 152 flavosparsus, 96 
atritylus, 157 Melinna modesta, 111 
belfragii, 162 pumila, 112 
brunneus, 61 mendax, Lygidea, 3, 4, 5, 13, 145, 146 
campestris, 4, 148, 149, 154 Mesomiris, 125, 131 
canadensis, 164 curtulus, 131 
Carolinae, 154 Microphylellus, 25, 40 
caryae, 161 elongatus, 41, 42 
clavigenitalis, 163 longirostris, 41, 42 
communis, 159 maculipennis, 41 
dorsalis, 100 fuscicornis, 40, 41 
elisus, 15, 148, 149, 152 maculipennis, 40 
hesperus, 151 modestus, 21, 24, 41, 42 
fagi, 161 nigricornis, 40, 41 
frisoni, 148, 151 tsugae, 41, 42 
geneseensis, 159 tumidifrons, 41, 42 
hesperus, 15, 148, 149, 151, 152 Microsynamma, 24, 42 
hirticulus, 163 bohemanni, 21, 24, 42 
inconspicuus, 161 militare, Hadronema, 82, 84 
johnsoni, 162 mimetica, Coquillettia, 21 
neglectus, 162 Mimoceps, 125 
nyssae, 164 insignis, 12, 125 
oblineatus, 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, 131, 148, 149, gracilis, 126 
151, 153 miniatus, Lepidopsallus, 47, 48 
strigulatus, 149 minimus, Dicyphus, 53, 54 
omnivagus, 163 minor, Lopidea, 85, 86, 87, 88 
ostryae, 164 minusculus, Lepidopsallus, 47 
pabulinus, 4, 148, 149, 153 minutulus, Phytocoris, 185, 187, 188 
plagiatus, 4, 148, 149, 153 Mirinae, 12, Ife key PAV. PAS} 124 
pratensis, 148, 149 Miris, 125, 127° 
elisus, 152 chrysanthemi, 31 
quercalbae, 160 dolabratus, 12, 15, 23, 127 
rubicundus, 4, 148, 149, 153 aurantiacus, 127 
semivittatus, 163 ferrugatus, 127 
tenellus, 163 vicinus, 130 
tiliae, 161 modesta, Melinna, 111 
univittatus, 160 modestus, Bothynotus, 23, 64 
vanduzeei, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 modestus, Ceratocapsus, 21, 108, 110, 111 
viburni, 159 modestus, Microphylellus, 21, 24, 41, 42 
Vitticollis, 162 modestus, Neobothynotus, 64 
i modestus, Orthotylus, 99, 104 
Macrolophus, 53, 55 immaculatus, 97, 104 
brevicornis, 55 modestus, 98 
separatus, 21, 53, 55, 56 mohri, Strongylocoris, 78, 81 
tenuicornis, 23, 55, 56 Monalocoris, 22, 
Macrotylus, 22, 51 filicis, 19, 23, 58 
amoenus, 23, 51 morrisoni, Psallus, 43, 45 
sexguttatus, 21, 51 multisignatus, Paracalocoris, 176, 180 
maculipennis, Microphylellus, 41 mundus, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 


fuscicornis, 40, 41 mutabilis, Orthocephalus, 81 


September, 1941 KNIGHT: 


Myrmecorini, 131, 209 


nasutus, Amblytylus, 51 
nebulosus, Camptobrochis, 67 
nebulosus, Deraeocoris, 4, 21, 67, 68 
necopinus, Eustictus, 65, 66 
necopinus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 
neglectus, Lygus, 162 
neglectus, Neolygus, 154, 158, 162 
neglectus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 105 
neglectus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 
neglectus, Xenoborus, 144 
negundinis, Plagiognathus, 27, 33 
fulvotinctus, 33 
Neoborus, 17, 136, 139 
amoenus, 4, 13, 140, 141 
amoenus, 139 
atriscutis, 140 
palmeri, 141 
scutellaris, 139, 140 
signatus, 140 
canadensis, 140, 141, 143 
geminus, 139, 140 
glaber, 139, 140 
palmeri, 139, 141 
populi, 140, 142 
pubescens, 140, 141, 142 
rufusculus, 140, 143 
tricolor, 140, 143 
vittiscutis, 140, 142 
Neobothynotus modestus, 64 
Neocapsus, 137, 147 
cuneatus, 147 
Neolygus, 17, 137, 154 
alni, 154, 157, 158 
atrinotatus, 156, 158, 162 
atritylus, 155, 157, 158 
belfragii, 155, 158, 161, 162 
canadensis, 158, 163, 164 
binotatus, 156, 164 
canadensis, 155, 156 
carpini, 155, 158, 164 
caryae, 15, 158, 161 
caryae, 156 
subfuscus, 156, 162, 163 
clavigenitalis, 155, 156, 158, 161, 163 
communis, 3, 4, 13, 156, 157, 158, 159 
novascotiensis, 14, 160 
fagi, 155, 158, 161, 163 
geminus, 155, 158, 163 
geneseensis, 156, 158, 159 
hirticulus, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164 
inconspicuus, 155, 158, 161 
invitus, 155, 157, 158, 159, 161 
johnsoni, 4, 156, 158, 162 
neglectus, 154, 158, 162 
nyssae, 155, 158, 164 
omnivagus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164 
ostryae, 156, 158, 164 
quercalbae, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 
semivittatus, 156, 158, 160, 163 
tiliae, 155, 156, 158, 161 
tinctus, 155, 157, 158 
univittatus, 156, 158, 160 
viburni, 155, 158, 159 
vitticollis, 157, 158, 162 
Neurocolpus, 17, 137, 181 
jessiae, 182, 183 
nubilus, 181, 182 
rubidus, 182, 183 
tiliae, 181, 182 
nigellus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 111 


PLANT Bucs, or Miripagz, oF ILLINors 


nigrellus, Parthenicus, 76, 77 

nigriclavus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
nigricollis, Platytylellus, 132, 133 
nigricollis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197 
nigricollis, Resthenia, 133 

nigricornis, Microphylellus, 40, 41 
nigritulus, Deraeocoris, 68, 72, 73 
nigritus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 

nigritus, Plagiognathus, 27, 34 

nigritus, Polymerus, 168 

nigrocephalus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 111 
nigrofemoratus, Plagiognathus annulatus, Dele 


nigrolineatus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 
nigronitens, Plagiognathus, 27, 30 
nigropallidus, Polymerus, 166, 167 
nigroscutellatus, Platytylellus, 132, 134 
nitenatus, Deraeocoris, 4, 68, 70, 71, 72 
nitens, Camptobrochis, 72 
noctuans, Sericophanes, 116 
Noctuocoris, 82, 105 

fumidus, 105 
norvegicus, Calocoris, 137 
notabilis, Orthotylus, 97, 98, 100 
notatus, Dicyphus, 53 
novascotiensis, Neolygus communis, 14, 160 
nubilipes, Polymerus, 166, 170 
nubilus, Capsus, 182 
nubilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 7, 23, 67, 68, 69 
nubilus, Neurocolpus, 181, 182 
nubilus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
nubilus, Plagiognathus blatchleyi, 27, 36 
nyctalis, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 104 
nyssae, Lepidopsallus, 11, 47, 48 
nyssae, Lygus, 164 
nyssae, Neolygus, 155, 158, 164 


oblineatus, Capsus, 148 
oblineatus, Lygus, 2, 4, 
149, 151, 153 
strigulatus, 149 
obliquus, Orectoderus, 21, 23, 24, 52 
obscura, Lygidea, 145 
obscura, Lygidea rubecula, 145 
obscurus, Plagiognathus, 32 
albocuneatus, 28, 33 
fraternus, 26, 33, 44 
obscurus, 26 
obtectus, Phytocoris, 191, 193, 195, 199 
ocellatus, Sericophanes, 116 
oculata, Collaria, 126, 127 
oculatus, Trachelomiris, 127 
olseni, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 
omnivagus, Lygus, 163 
omnivagus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162, 
163, 164 
onustus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 194, 195 
opacus, Polymerus, 167, 170 
Opistheuria, 131 
clandestina, 131 
dorsalis, 131 
ventralis, 131 
Orectoderus, 22, 52 
amoenus, 52 
obliquus, 21, 23, 24, 52 
ornatus, Deraeocoris, 67, 68 
ornatus, Episcopus, 48 
ornatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 
ornatus, Reuteroscopus, 21, 48 
Orthocephalus, 75, 81 
mutabilis, 81 
Orthotylinae, 17, 


10; 12s 1413 148 


18, 19, 20, 74 


230 Ittinotis NaturAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 


Orthotylini, 75, 81 
Orthotylus, 17, 82, 97 
althaeae, 96 
basicornis, 97, 99, 102, 105 
candidatus, 98, 99, 102 
catulus, 97 
chlorionis, 97, 98, 99, 100 
delicatus, 96 
dorsalis, 98, 99, 100, 105 
flavosparsus, 21 
fuscicornis, 102 
knighti, 98, 99, 102, 105 
lateralis, 98, 99, 104 
modestus, 99, 104 
immaculatus, 97, 104 
modestus, 98 
necopinus, 98, 99, 103 
neglectus, 98, 99, 105 
notabilis, 97, 98, 100 
nyctalis, 98, 99, 104 
ornatus, 98, 99, 103 
ramus, 97, 99, 100 
robiniae, 97, 99, 100, 101 
rossi, 97, 99, 102 
serus, 98, 99, 102 
submarginatus, 98, 99, 103 
taxodii, 7, 97, 99, 101 
ulmi, 97, 100 
viridis, 97, 99, 101, 102 
ostryae, Lygus, 164 
ostryae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 164 


pabulinus, Cimex, 153 
pabulinus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 
pallens, Deraeocoris quercicola, 70, 71 
pallidicornis, Phytocoris, 184, 185 
pallidicornis, Plagiognathus, 28, 30 
pallidicornis, Plagiognathus politus, 30 
pallidulus, Paracalocoris, 3, 178 
albigulus, 176, 178 
pallidulus, 176 
pallidulus, Paracalocoris hawleyi, 178 
pallipes, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
pallipes, Strongylocoris, 78, 79, 80 
palmeri, Neoborus, 139, 141 
palmeri, Neoborus amoenus, 141 
paludum, Teratocoris, 128 
Pamillia, 107, 108 
davisi, 108 
par, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
Paracalocoris, 17, 137, 176 
castus, 176, 178 
celtidis, 176, 179 
colon, 3, 177, 180 
castus, 178 
evonymi, 176, 178 
gleditsiae, 176, 179, 180 
hawleyi, 4, 15, 176, 178 
pallidulus, 178 
limbus, 176, 178 
multisignatus, 176, 180 
pallidulus, 3, 178 
albigulus, 176, 178 
pallidulus, 176 
salicis, 176, 177 
scrupeus, 176, 177 
ardens, 177 
bidens, 177 
compar, 177 
cunealis, 177 
delta, 177 
lucidus, 177 


nubilus, 177 
par, 177 
percursus, 177 
rubidus, 177 
sordidus, 177 
triops, 177 
varius, 177 
trivittatus, 178 
trivittis, 176, 178 
Paraxenetus, 209 
guttulatus, 209 
parshleyi, Psallus, 43, 44 
fuscatus, 44 
Parthenicus, 75, 76 
juniperi, 76 
nigrellus, 76, 77 
taxodii, 7, 76 
vaccini, 21 
pellucida, Diaphnidia, 19, 91, 92 
penipecten, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 199 
percursus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
Peritropis, 4, 15, 61, 62 
husseyi, 62 
saldaeformis, 62, 63 
saldiformis, 62 
perplexus, Pilophorus, 4, 120, 121 
pettiti, Tropidosteptes, 145 
pettiti, Xenoborus, 144, 145 
Phylinae, 17, 18, 20, 22 
Phytocoris, 4, 17, 137, 184 
albifacies, 185, 186 
angustifrons, 200, 201 
angustulus, 191, 193, 195, 197 
antennalis, 184, 185 
arundinicola, 191, 192, 195, 198 
bohemanni, 42 
brevifurcatus, 191, 192, 194, 195 
breviusculus, 184, 190 
buenoi, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 


canadensis, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196 


caryae, 202, 204, 207 
confluens, 201, 204, 205 
conspersipes, 200, 201 
conspurcatus, 184, 185, 188, 189 
corticevivens, 185, 186, 189 
cortitectus, 191, 193, 195, 196 
davisi, 185, 187 

depictus, 202, 204, 208 
diversus, 7, 200 

erectus, 9, 191, 192, 195, 199 
exemplus, 199, 200, 201 
eximius, 189, 193, 194 
flavosparsus, 96 

fulvus, 199, 200, 201 
fumatus, 185, 188, 189, 190 
husseyi, 191, 192, 195, 199 
infuscatus, 202, 204 
junipericola, 199, 200, 201 
lacunosus, 191, 193, 195, 197 
lasiomerus, 21, 184, 185 
luteolus, 201, 204, 209 
minutulus, 185, 187, 188 
mundus, 199, 200, 201 
neglectus, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196 
nigricollis, 191, 192, 195, 197 
obtectus, 191, 193, 195, 199 
olseni, 202, 204, 205 

onustus, 191, 192, 194, 195. 
pallidicornis, 184, 185 
penipecten, 191, 192, 195, 199 
pinicola, 200, 201 

puella, 202, 204, 207, 208 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


September, 1941 KwniGHt: PLANT Bucs, or Miripag, oF ILLINOIS 


confluens, 205 
purvus, 185, 187 
quercicola, i84, 188, 201, 202, 204 
rubellus, 202, 204 
rubicundus, 153 
rufus, 203 
salicis, 191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198 
schotti, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 
spicatus, 191, 192, 195, 196 
sulcatus, 185, 189, 190 
taxodii, 7, 201, 203, 204 
tibialis, 202, 204, 205 
tuberculatus, 185, 187, 189 
uniformis, 199, 200, 201 
venustus, 202, 204, 206 
vittatus, 185, 190 
piceicola, Psallus, 43, 44 
Pilophorini, 74, 118 
Pilophorus, 15, 118, 119 
amoenus, 120, 122 
brunneus, 120, 123 
clavatus, 120, 124 
geminus, 120, 122 
gracilis, 119 
juniperi, 120, 121, 123 
laetus, 120, 121, 123 
perplexus, 4, 120, 121 
setiger, 120, 124 
strobicola, 7, 120, 122 
taxodil, 7, 120, 121 
uhleri, 5, 7, 120, 122 
vanduzeei, 120, 122 
walshii, 120, 123 
pilosulus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 
pilosus, Ceratocapsus, 109 
pinicola, Deraeocoris, 4, 6, 21, 68, 72, 73 
pinicola, Phytocoris, 200, 201 
Pithanus, 124, 125 
maerkelii, 19, 125 
plagiatus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 
plagifer, Tropidosteptes, 144 
plagifer, Xenoborus, 144 
Plagiognathus, 25, 26 
albatus, 36, 37 
albatus, 28 
similis, 37 
vittiscutis, 29, 37, 38 
albifacies, 23, 27, 35 
albonotatus, 31, 32 
albonotatus, 28 
compar, 29, 31 
tinctus, 31 
alboradialis, 28, 31 
annulatus, 33, 34 
annulatus, 27 
cuneatus, 34 
nigrofemoratus, 27, 34 
atricornis, 28, 35 
blatchleyi, 24, 35 
blatchleyi, 27 
nubilus, 27, 36 
brevirostris, 27, 28, 33 
caryae, 29, 38 
chrysanthemi, 28, 31, 35 
cornicola, 27, 29, 38 
cuneatus, 26, 27, 34 
davisi, 28, 38 
delicatus, 29, 36, 37 
dispar, 39 
crataegi, 28, 40 
dispar, 28 
flavicornis, 28, 30, 31 


flavoscutellatus, 26, 32 
fulvidus, 27, 37 
gleditsiae, 11, 26, 27, 37 
guttulosus, 28, 40 
laricicola, 5, 27, 39 
negundinis, 27, 33 
fulvotinctus, 33 
nigritus, 27, 34 
nigrolineatus, 26, 34 
nigronitens, 27, 30 
obscurus, 32 
albocuneatus, 28, 33 
fraternus, 26, 33, 44 
obscurus, 26 
pallidicornis, 28, 30 
politus, 29, 30, 31 
flaveolus, 26, 29 
pallidicornis, 30 
politus, 27 
punctatipes, 28, 39 
dispar, 39 
repetitus, 27, 40 
repletus, 38 
apicatus, 29, 38 
repletus, 29 
rosicola, 28, 36 
salicicola, 36 
depallens, 29, 36 
salicicola, 29 
sericeus, 26, 34 
similis, 29, 37 
suffuscipennis, 28, 40 
syrticolae, 6, 28, 31 
tiliae, 34 
tinctus, 31 
debilis, 28, 32 
tinctus, 28 
viridulus, 31 
planifrons, Labopidea, 105 
platani, Reuteria, 92, 95 
Platylygus, 137, 147 
luridus, 147 
Platytylellus, 131, 132 
borealis, 132, 136 
circumcinctus, 132, 135 
confraternus, 134 
fraterculus, 133, 136 
fraternus, 131, 134 
discifer, 132, 135 
fraternus, 132 
regalis, 132, 135 
rubromarginatus, 132, 135 
insignis, 133, 135 
fraterculus, 136 
insitivus, 21, 133 
angusticollis, 132, 134 
insitivus, 132 
nigricollis, 132, 133 
nigroscutellatus, 132, 134 
rubellicollis, 132, 136 
rubrovittatus, 132, 133 
zonatus, 132, 133 
Poecilocapsus, 137, 172 
lineatus, 13, 172 
Poeciloscytus basalis, 167 
venaticus, 169 
poecilus, Camptobrochis, 67 
poecilus, Deraeocoris, 4, 67, 68 
politus, Plagiognathus, 29, 30, 31 
flaveolus, 26, 29 
pallidicornis, 30 
politus, 27 


pollicaris, Reuteria, 93, 95 
Polymerus, 17, 137, 166 
basalis, 167 
basalis, 166 
fuscatus, 166, 167 
brevirostris, 167, 170 
chrysopsis, 167, 171 
flavocostatus, 167, 168 
fulvipes, 167, 170 
gerhardi, 167, 171 
illini, 166, 168 
nigritus, 168 
nigropallidus, 166, 167 
nubilipes, 166, 170 
opacus, 167, 170 
proximus, 166, 168 
punctipes, 166, 168, 169 
severini, 167, 170 
unifasciatus, 167 
lateralis, 166, 168 
venaticus, 167, 169 
venustus, 166, 170 
populi, Neoborus, 140, 142 
pratensis, Lygus, 148, 149 
elisus, 152 
provancheri, Diaphnidia, 91, 92 
provancheri, Malacocoris, 92 
proximus, Polymerus, 166, 168 
Psallus, 24, 25, 43 
albatus, 36 
alnicenatus, 43, 44 
alnicola, 43, 44 
amorphae, 43, 44 
ancorifer, 21, 44, 46 
astericola, 43, 45 
bakeri, 43, 45 
delicatus, 37, 96 
drakei, 44, 46 
fuscatus, 43, 44 
guttulosus, 40 
juniperi, 76 
morrisoni, 43, 45 
parshleyi, 43, 44 
fuscatus, 44 
piceicola, 43, 44 
seriatus, 4, 13, 43, 45 
sericeus, 34 
strobicola, 43, 45 
sulphureus, 49 
Pseudoxenetus, 118 
regalis, 118, 119 
scutellatus, 118, 119 
pubescens, Neoborus, 140, 141, 142 
puella, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 207, 208 
confluens, 205 
pulcher, Trigonotylus, 129 
pulicarius, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 
pulicarius, Lygaeus, 26 
pumila, Melinna, 112 
pumilus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 
115, 116 
punctatipes, Plagiognathus, 28, 39 
dispar, 39 
punctipes, Polymerus, 166, 168, 169 
purvus, Phytocoris, 185, 187 
Pycnoderes, 22, 58, 60 
convexicollis, 60 
dilatatus, 21, 60, 61 
drakei, 60, 61 
incurvus, 60 
medius, 60 
quadrimaculatus, 60 


I_ttinois NaturAL History SuRvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


quadrimaculatus, Pycnoderes, 60 
quadrispiculus, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 114 
quercalbae, Lygus, 160 
quercalbae, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163, 164 
querci, Reuteria, 93, 95 
quercicola, Deraeocoris, 68, 71, 72 

pallens, 70, 71 

quercicola, 70 
quercicola, Phytocoris, 184, 188, 201, 202, 204 


ramus, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100 
rapidus, Adelphocoris, 15, 174 
rapidus, Capsus, 174 
recticornis, Megaloceroea, 125 
regalis, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 135 
regalis, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 
regalis, Xenetus, 119 
repetitus, Plagiognathus, 27, 40 
repletus, Plagiognathus, 38 

apicatus, 29, 38 

repletus, 29 
residuus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
Resthenia nigricollis, 133 

rubrovittata, 133 
Resthenini, 131 
reuteri, Lopidea, 85, 86, 90, 91 
Reuteria, 82, 92 

bifurcata, 93, 94 

fuscicornis, 93, 94 

irrorata, 93, 94, 95 

platani, 92, 95 

pollicaris, 93, 95 

querci, 93, 95 
Reuteroscopus, 24, 48 

ornatus, 21, 48 

sulphureus, 12, 48, 49 
Rhinacloa, 22, 50 

citri, 77 

forticornis, 24, 50 
Rhinocapsus, 25, 40 

vanduzeei, 21, 24, 40 
robiniae, Capsus, 89 
robiniae, Lopidea, 84, 85, 86, 89, SO 
robiniae, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 100, 101 
rosacea, Lygidea, 145 
rosacea, Lygidea rubecula, 145 
rosicola, Plagiognathus, 28, 36 
rossi, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 102 
rostratus, Lepidopsallus, 46, 47 
rubecula, Lygidea, 145 

lurida, 147 

obscura, 145 

rosacea, 145 
rubellicollis, Platytylellus, 132, 136 
rubellus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
rubellus, Phytocoris, 202, 204 
ruber, Deraeocoris, 21 
rubicundus, Lygus, 4, 148, 149, 153 
rubicundus, Phytocoris, 153 
rubidus, Lepidopsallus, 47 

atricolor, 47 

rubidus, 47 
rubidus, Neurocolpus, 182, 183 
rubidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
rubidus, Sthenarus, 47 
rubricornis, Ceratocapsus, 108, 109, 110 
rubromarginatus, Platytylellus fraternus, 132, 

135 
rubrovittata, Resthenia, 133 ~ 
rubrovittatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133 
ruficornis, Cimex, 130 
ruficornis, Trigonotylus, 129, 130 


September, 1941 


rufipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 
rufipennis, Lygaeus, 166 

rufus, Phytocoris, 203 

rufusculus, Neoborus, 140, 143 


saldaeformis, Peritropis, 62, 63 
saldiformis, Peritropis, 62 
salicicola, Eustictus, 65 
salicicola, Plagiognathus, 36 

depallens, 29, 36 

salicicola, 29 
salicis, Lopidea, 85, 86, 88, 89 
salicis, Lygidea, 145, 146 
salicis, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 
salicis, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 166, 197, 198 
saliens, Criocoris, 21, 49 
saliens, Strongylotes, 49 
sanguinareus, Coccobaphes, 138 
sanguinea, Lopidea staphyleae, 90 
sayi, Deraeocoris, 68, 73 

costalis, 73 

frontalis, 73 

marginata, 73 

sayi, 73 

unicolor, 73 
sayi, Euarmosus, 73 
schotti, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 197, 198 
scrupeus, Capsus, 177 
scrupeus, Paracalocoris, 176, 177 

ardens, 177 

bidens, 177 

compar, 177 

cunealis, 177 

delta, 177 

lucidus, 177 

nubilus, 177 

par, 177 

percursus, 177 

rubidus, 177 

sordidus, 177 

triops, 177 

varius, 177 
scutatus, Horcias dislocatus, 173 
scutellaris, Neoborus amoenus, 139, 140 
scutellatus, Pseudoxenetus, 118, 119 
scutellatus, Xenetus, 118 
semiflavus, Capsus ater, 138 
Semiini, 74, 75 
Semium, 19, 75 

hirtum, 19, 75 
semivittatus, Lygus, 163 
semivittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160, 163 
separatus, Dicyphus, 55 
separatus, Macrolophus, 21, 53, 55, 56 
seriatus, Atomoscelis, 45 
seriatus, Psallus, 4, 13, 43, 45 
sericeus, Plagiognathus, 26, 34 
sericeus, Psallus, 34 
Sericophanes, 15, 17, 116 

heidemanni, 15, 116 

noctuans, 116 

ocellatus, 116 
sericus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 113 
serus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 102 
setiger, Pilophorus, 120, 124 
setosus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 115 
severini, Polymerus, 167, 170 
sexguttatus, Amblytylus, 51 
sexguttatus, Macrotylus, 21, 51 
signatus, Agalliastes, 45 
signatus, Neoborus amoenus, 140 
silvestri, Fiebrigiella, 209 


Kwnicut: PLiant Bucs, or Miripaz, OF ILLINOIS 


similis, Plagiognathus, 29, 37 
similis, Plagiognathus albatus, 37 
simulans, Capsus, 138 
simulans, Deraeocoris, 138 
Sixeonotus, 22, 58, 59 

areolatus, 59, 60 

insignis, 21, 59 

unicolor, 59 
sordidus, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
spicatus, Phytocoris, 191, 192, 195, 196 
squamosa, Alepidia gracilis, 119 
stalii, IInacora, 12, 82, 83, 84 
staphyleae, Lopidea, 4, 84, 85, 86, $0 

sanguinea, $0 
Stenodema, 125, 130 

trispinosum, 4, 21, 130 

vicinum, 4, 130 
Stenotus, 137, 175 

binotatus, 175 
Sthenarops malina, 83 
Sthenarus rubidus, 47 
strigulatus, Lygus oblineatus, 149 
strobicola, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 122 
strobicola, Psallus, 43, 45 
Strongylocoris, 75, 78 

ambrosiae, 78, 80, 81 

atritibialis, 78, 80 

breviatus, 78, 79, 80 

hirtus, 78, 80, 81 

mohri, 78, 81 

pallipes, 78, 79, 80 

stygicus, 21, 78, 79, 80 
Strongylotes saliens, 49 
stygicus, Capsus, 79 
stygicus, Strongylocoris, 21, 78, 79, 80 
suavis, Agalliastes, 26 
suavis, Chlamydatus, 25, 26 
subfuscus, Neolygus caryae, 156, 162, 163 
submarginatus, Capsus, 103 
submarginatus, Orthotylus, 98, 99, 103 
suffuscipennis, Plagiognathus, 28, 40 
sulcatus, Phytocoris, 185, 189, 190 
sulphureus, Psallus, 49 
sulphureus, Reuteroscopus, 12, 48, 49 
superbus, Adelphocoris, 174 
suspectus, Dichrooscytus, 165, 166 
syrticolae, Plagiognathus, 6, 28, 31 
Systellonotini, 74, 116 


tarsalis, Callimiris, 129 
tarsalis, Trigonotylus, 129 
taxodii, Ceratocapsus, 7, 10, 108, 110, 111 
taxodii, Orthotylus, 7, 97, 99, 101 
taxodii, Parthenicus, 7, 76 
taxodii, Phytocoris, 7, 201, 203, 204 
taxodii, Pilophorus, 7, 120, 121 
Teleorhinus, 15, 17, 22, 52 

davisi, 19 

tephrosicola, 52 
tenellus, Lygus, 163 
tenuicornis, Cylapus, 4, 19, 21, 61 
tenuicornis, Macrolophus, 23, 55, 56 
tenuis, Cyrtopeltis, 53 
tephrosicola, Teleorhinus, 52 
Teratocoris, 125, 128 

discolor, 12, 128 

paludum, 128 
Termatophylidae, 74 
tibialis, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 205 
tiliae, Lygus, 161 
tiliae, Neolygus, 155, 156, 158, 161 


234 ILttinois NatrurAL History SurRvEY BULLETIN 


tiliae, Neurocolpus, 181, 182 
tiliae, Plagiognathus, 34 
tinctipennis, Dichrooscytus, 165 
tinctus, Neolygus, 155, 157, 158 
tinctus, Plagiognathus, 31 

debilis, 28, 32 

tinctus, 28 
tinctus, Plagiognathus albonotatus, 31 
Trachelomiris oculatus, 127 
tricolor, Neoborus, 140, 143 
tricolor, Tropidosteptes, 143 
Trigonotylus, 15, 125, 129 

brevipes, 129 

pulcher, 129 

ruficornis, 129, 130 

tarsalis, 129 
triops, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
trispinosum, Stenodema, 4, 21, 130 
trivittatus, Paracalocoris, 178 
trivittis, Paracalocoris, 176, 178 
Tropidosteptes, 136, 139 

amoenus, 140 

canadensis, 141 

cardinalis, 4, 139 

pettiti, 145 

plagifer, 144 

tricolor, 143 
tsugae, Microphylellus, 41, 42 
tuberculatus, Phytocoris, 185, 187, 189 
tumidifrons, Microphylellus, 41, 42 
tyrannus, Capsus ater, 138 


uhleri, Pilophorus, 5, 7, 120, 122 

ulmi, Orthotylus, 97, 100 

unicolor, Deraeocoris sayi, 73 

unicolor, Sixeonotus, 59 

unifasciatus, Lygaeus, 167 

unifasciatus, Polymerus, 167 
lateralis, 166, 168 

uniformis, Ceratocapsus, 109, 110, 113, 114 

uniformis, Phytocoris, 199, 200, 201 

univittatus, Lygus, 160 

univittatus, Neolygus, 156, 158, 160 


vaccini, Parthenicus, 21 


vanduzeei, Lygus, 4, 16, 21, 148, 149, 150, 151 


vanduzeel, Pilophorus, 120, 122 
vanduzeei, Rhinocapsus, at 24, 40 
varians, Cyrtopeltis, 53 
varius, Paracalocoris scrupeus, 177 
venaticus, Poeciloscytus, 169 
venaticus, Polymerus, 167, 169 
venatorius, Eustictus, 21, 65, 66 
ventralis, Opistheuria clandestina, 131 
venustus, Phytocoris, 202, 204, 206 
venustus, Polymerus, 166, 170 
verbasci, Campylomma, 25 
verbasci, Capsus, 25 
vestitus, Dicyphus, 4, 23, 53, 54 
viburni, Lygidea, 145 
viburni, Lygus, 159 
viburni, Neolygus, 155, 158, 159 
vicinum, Stenodema, 4, 130 
vicinus, Ceratocapsus, 108, 110, 112 
vicinus, Miris, 130 
villosa, Clivinema, 64 
viridicans, Dichrooscytus, 165 
viridis, Orthotylus, 97, 99, 101, 102 
viridulus, Plagiognathus, 31 
vitripennis, Capsus, 56 
vitripennis, Hyaliodes, 21, 56, 57, 58 
discoidalis, 56 
vitripennis, 56 
vittatus, Phytocoris, 185, 190 
vitticollis, Lygus, 162 
vitticollis, Neolygus, 157, 158, 162 
vittiscutis, Neoborus, 140, 142 
vittiscutis, Plagiognathus albatus, 29, 37, 38 


walshii, Pilophorus, 120, 123 


Xenetus regalis, 119 
scutellatus, 118 
Xenoborus, 136, 143 
commissuralis, 143, 144 
neglectus, 144 
pettiti, 144, 145 
plagifer, 144 


zonatus, Platytylellus, 132, 133 


Vol. 22, Art. 1 


7. ee | 


eg) Oe a See et Rea 


Recent: Publications 
of the Illinois Natural History Survey 


A—ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY BULLETIN. 


Volume 21, Article 3.—Studies of Nearctic Aquatic Insects. By H. H. Ross and | 


Frison. ‘September, 1937. 52 pp., frontis. + 86 figs., bibliog, 50 cents, 
Contents: I. Nearctic alder flies of the genus Sialis (Megaloptera, Sialidae), by H. a Re 
IL. Descriptions of Plecoptera, with special reference to the “Thinois orereie pred T. 


Volume 21, Article 4.—Descriptions of Nearctic Caddis Flies 
special reference to the Illinois species. By Herbert H. Ross. Rios 1938, 
frontis. + 123 figs., foreword, index. $1.00. 

Volume 21, Article 5 -—Preliminary Studies on Parasites of Upiead Game Bi 
Fur-Bearing Mammals in Illinois. By W. Henry Leigh. August, 1940. 
frontis. + 2 maps. 

Volume 21, Article 6—Preliminary investigation of oak diseases in Illinois, By J. C 
Carter. J une, 1941. 36 pp., frontis. + 51 figs., bibliog. (Bound with Article 7.) 


Contents: Review of literature; Methods of stud ; Incidence of oak. partreprseh Cank 
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Volume 21, Article 7A needle blight of Austrian pine. Robert L. Hulbary 
1941. 6 pp., frontis. + 3 figs., bibliog. (Bound with preiete 6.) 
Volume 21, Article 8.—Duck Food Plants of the Illinois River Valley. By F 
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Contents (partial): Effect of water evels floods, drought, fluctuation, turbidi nto; 
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List of waterfowl food plants. 


B.—ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR. 


82.—Pleasure With Plants. By L. R. Tehon. April, 1939. 32 pp., frontis. 

Contents: What is botanizing? Ways to botanize; Where to botanize; When to bo! 
to botanize; Studying plants; Hquipment for studying plants; The herbarium 
books; Maps; Conclusion. j 

33.—Controlling Peach Insects in Illinois. By S. C. Chandler and W. P. Flint. . 

1939. 40 pp., frontis. + 32 figs : 

Contents: Part I. Insects pacts bark and trunk of the peach tree; Part II. Insects | 
ing twigs, foliage and fruit of the peach tree. 

34.—Rout the Weeds! Why, When and How. By L. R. Tehon, January, 1940. ( 
rinting.) 47 pp., color frontis. + 13 figs. 

Pontentes The importance of weeds; Weeds as economic factors; Weeds as harborers of 
Weeds as harborers of plant diseases ; Relation of weeds to public health; Control 
Thirteen noxious and pernicious weeds of Illinois. 

85.—Diseases of Small Grain Crops in Illinois. By G. H. Boewe. September, 19} 
pp., frontis. + 47 figs. 

Contents: Nature of crea diseases; Wheat diseases; Oats diseases; Barley 4 
diseases ; Cereal disease control. 


87 _—Outwitting Termites in Illinois. By W. E. McCauley and W. P. Flint. Ap il, 


23 pp., frontis. + 19 figs. 
Contents: Termites and their habits; Structural control of termites; Control of te 
chemicals; Unified action against termites. 


88.—Windbreaks for Illinois Farmsteads. By J. E. Davis. December, 1940. 


frontis. + 19 figs 
Contents: Tatredeetiint: Planning the windbreak; Planting the windbreak; Care of 
break; What the windbreak trees are like. i 


39.—How to Collect and Preserve Insects. By H. H. Ross. June, 1941. 48 pp | ( 


53 figs. 

8 Blo Where to collect; What to use; Special collecting equipment; eee 
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C.—ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY MANUAL. 


1.—Fieldbook of aa Wild bodice By the staff. March, 1936, 406 pp 


frontis. + 349 figs., index. $1. 
Contents: Introduction; Key to families; Description of species (650). i 
2.—Fieldbook of Illinois Land Snails. By Frank Collins Baker. August, 1939, | 


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Contents: Land snails, what they are and where they live; Land snails native to Illi 
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Bibliography; Check list of Illinois species; Index. 


List of available publications, over 300 titles, mailed on request. 


Address orders and correspondence to the Chief 
ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY 
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BULLETIN 
of the 


ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY 
THEODORE H. FRISON, Chief 


september 1942 


Studies of 
North American 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 
FRANK G. THOMPSON, Director 


<a 
8 
=| Plecoptera 
— 
S| With Special Reference 
S to the Fauna of Illinois 
~ 

T. H. FRISON 
Q | 
2 
& 
q Printed by Authority of the 
STATE OF ILLINOIS 
3 DWIGHT H. GREEN, Governor 
iS 


Yawk Por SE LEN OAS 


Dwicur H. Green, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 


FRANK G. THompson, Director 


Pea Ae bo TORY: SURVEY = DiIV-PSTON 


TuHeopore H., Frison, Chief 


Volume 22 BULLE E Lor Article 2 


Studies of 


North American Plecoptera 


With Special Reference to the Fauna of Illinois 


Saks a Rey ON 


Printed by Authority of the State of Illinois 


DRE AN Ay - TE LENOES 


September 1942 


STATE OF ILLINOIS 
Dwicur H. Green, Governor 


DEPARTMENT OF REGISTRATION AND EDUCATION 


Frank G. Tuompson, Director 


BOARD OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION 


Frank G. THompson, Chairman 


WituiaM Trevease, D.Sc., LL.D., Biology =ArtHur Currs Witiarp, D.Eng., LL.D., 
Ezra J. Kraus, Ph.D., D.Sc., Forestry President of the University of Illinois 
L. R. Howson, B.S.C.E., C.E., Engineering. | Epson S. Bastin, Ph.D., Geology 


Rocer Apams, Ph.D., D.Sc., Chemistry 


NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION 
Urbana, Illinois 


SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STAFF 
TuHeopore H. Frison, Ph.D., Chief 


Section of Economic Entomology 


W. P. Fiint, B.S., Chief Entomologist 
C. C. Compton, Ph.D., Associate Ento- 


mologist 

M. D. Farrar, Ph.D., Research Ento- 
mologist 

J. H. Biccer, M.S., Associate Entomolo- 
1st 

5.°C. CHANDLER, B.S., Southern Field 
Entomologist 

James W. Appte, M.S., Northern Field 
Entomologist 

B. G. Bercer, M.A., Assistant Ento- 
mologist 


H. B. Petry, Jr., B.A., Assistant, Ento- 
mology Extension 

J. E. Porter, B.A., Entomological Assist- 
ant 

C. J. We1tnman, Ph.D., Research Fellow 
in Entomology 

Georce F. Lupvik, B.A., Research Fellow 
in Entomology 

J. M. Macner, B.A., Funior Entomolo- 
gist (U.S.B.E.P.Q. and Commodity 
Credit Corporation, cooperating) 


Section of Insect Survey 


H. H. Ross, Ph.D., Systematic Entomolo- 
gist 

Cart O. Monr, Ph.D., Associate Ento- 
mologist, Artist 

B. D. Burks, Ph.D., Assistant Entomolo- 
gist (On leave) 

G. T. Rrecet, M.S., Entomological Assist- 
ant 

Katuryn M. SommMermaAN, M.S., Artist, 
Entomological Assistant 


Section of Forestry 


James E, Davis, M.F., Extension Forester 
Lee E. Yeacer, Ph.D., Forester 


Consuttant: Herpetology, Howarp 
Chicago Academy of Sciences 


Section of Aquatic Biology 
Davip H. Tuompson, Ph.D., Zoologist 
Georce W. Bennett, Ph.D., Limnolo- 
gist 
D. F. Hansen, Ph.D., Assistant Zoologist 
Bruno Limsacu, M.S., Zoological Assist- 
ant 


Section of Game Research and Manage- 
ment 
R. E. Yeatrer, Ph.D., Game Specialist 


Section of Wildlife Experimental Areas 


Artuur S. Hawkins, M.S., Game Tech- 
nician (On leave) 

F. C. Betrose, Jr., B.S., Assistant 
Game Technician 

J. B. Low, Ph.D., Assistant Game Tech- 
nician 

W. H. Exper, Ph.D., Assistant Game 
Technician 


Cooperative Wildlife Restoration Pro- 


gram 

(State Department of Conservation and 
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service) 

Harry G. Anperson, M.A., Funior Bi- 
ologist 

L. G. Brown, B.S., Funior Biologist 

R. E. Hessetscuwerot, B.A., ‘Junior 
Biologist 

C. S. Spooner, Jr., M.F., Funior Biolo- 
gist 

Section of Applied Botany and Plant 

Pathology 

L. R. Tenon, Ph.D., Botanist 

D. B. Creacer, Ph.D., Research Patholo- 


gist 
J. C. Carter, Ph.D., Assistant Botanist 
G. H. Boewe, M.S., Field Botanist 


Section of Publications 
James S. Ayars, B.S., Technical Editor 


K. Groyp, Ph.D., Director of the Museum, 


This paper is a contribution from the Section of Insect Survey. 
(22821—1200—4-42) 


CON LENE S 


Page 
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Sa 


er 


Studies of 


North American Plecoptera 


he ih bk LS ON 


HIS paper is a result of the contin- 

uance of studies of the stonefly 

fauna of Illinois started in 1926 
and expanded within more recent years to 
include the fauna of North America. 
Three previous papers of mine have dealt 
entirely or in part with Illinois material 
of these aquatic insects; the first dealing 
with the fall and winter species only 
(1929), the second with all the then 
known Illinois species (1935a) and the 
third with additional information and re- 
cordings of species (1937). 

In 1937 the Illinois list of stoneflies 
stood at 38 species plus a questionable 
identification of a capniid female and the 
nymph of a species of Jsoperla not place- 
able to species. Studies of Illinois material 
since 1937 have revealed the identity of 
the capniid adult and the Isoperla nymph, 
and added nine additional species to the 
Illinois list. 

Besides the study of Illinois Plecoptera, 
work has been in progress on the stonefly 
fauna of North America in general as a 
result of the availability of a large amount 
of adult and nymphal material submitted 
for identification by others or directly 
secured on collecting trips made by various 
members of the Illinois Natural History 
Survey staff. The Great Smoky Moun- 
tains National Park region and the states 
of Wisconsin and Michigan have been par- 
ticularly singled out for collecting trips 
because of their nearness to Urbana, IIL., 
and the occurrence in them of numerous 
species not found in Illinois which are 
fairly representative of more northern and 
eastern sections of the United States and 
Canada. Numerous other collecting trips 


With Special Reference 
to the Fauna of Illinois 


producing much material, trips often 
coupled with vacations or other duties, 
have been made by various staff members 
to almost all parts of the United States, 
with the exception of the southwestern 
states, and to southern Canada. In addi- 
tion to collection of adult and nymphal 
stonefly material in quantity, considerable 
attention always has been given on these 
trips to the taking of mating pairs and the 
rearing of adults from nymphs. Some of 
the rearing of adults from nymphs has 
been done at the point of collection by the 
use of special rearing cages and by working 
at night to secure adults emerging from 
nymphs. Other nymphal material has been 
transported to Urbana from distant locali- 
ties and then reared. 

Another phase of activity in connection 
with the Survey’s study of the stonefly 
fauna of North America has been the care- 
ful examination of existing types. “The 
collections of the Museum of Comparative 
Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., and of Cor- 
nell University, Ithaca, N. Y., in addition 
to the Illinois Natural History Survey 
collection, are particularly rich in typic 
specimens of Plecoptera, and all of the 
North. American types in these collections 
have been critically studied upon several 
occasions. The writer has also been privi- 
leged to study most of the other types of 
North American Plecoptera scattered here 
and there in various collections throughout 
the country. 

The result of all this collecting, rearing, 
identification of material and study of 
types has naturally yielded much new in- 
formation regarding the association of 
nymphs with adults, the distribution of 


aso 


236 


numerous species, the synonymy of certain 
species with others and the discovery of 
new species. In the present paper are the 
most important of these findings, with 
special emphasis upon a complete account 
of the fauna of Illinois. 


Acknowledgments 


| am indebted to many individuals and 
institutions for the donation or loan of 
material upon which this paper in part is 
based. Specimens of special importance 
have been donated or loaned by the follow- 
ing: Nathan Banks and F. M. Carpenter, 
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam- 
bridge, Mass.; J. Chester Bradley, C. 
McC. Mottley, J. G. Needham and 
Henry Dietrich, Cornell University, Itha- 
ca, N. Y.; Gordon B. Castle, Montana 
State University, Missoula, Mont.; A. C. 
Cole, Jr., University of Tennessee, Knox- 
ville, TVenn.; E. T. Cresson, Jr., Academy 
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.; K. C. Emerson, Oklahoma 
Agricultural and Mechanical College, 
Stillwater, Okla.; P. W. Fattig, Emory 
University, Atlanta, Ga.; A. B. Gurney, 
U. S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant 
Quarantine, Washington, D. C.; John F. 
Hanson, Massachusetts State College, 
Amherst, Mass.; P. H. Harden, Univer- 
sity of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. ; Thel- 
ma Howell, Wesleyan College, Macon, 
Ga.; P. J. Jennings, Brooklyn, N. Y.; 
Stanley G. Jewett, Jr., Portland, Ore.; 
D. E. Kimmins, British Museum, London, 
England; Trevor Kincaid and Melville 
H. Hatch, University of Washington, 
Seattle, Wash.; Willis King, National 
Park Service, Gatlinburg, Tenn.; G. F. 
Knowlton, Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
tion, Logan, Utah; Mitsuko Kohno, Wa- 
kamatsu, Japan; J. W. Leonard, Institute 
for Fisheries Research, University of 
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.; F. Earle 
Lyman, University of Michigan, Ann 
Arbor, Mich.; C. E. Mickel, University 
of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn.; D. C. 
Mote and R. L. Post, Oregon State Agri- 
cultural College, Corvallis, Ore.; Ferris 
Neave, Pacific Biological Station, Nanai- 
mo, B. C., Canada; A. Colin Nicol, Uni- 
versity of Western Ontario, London, 
Ont., Canada; W. E. Ricker, Indiana 
University, Bloomington, Ind.; H. G. 
Rodeck, University of Colorado, Boulder, 


Ittinois NATURAL History SurvEY BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 2 


Colo.; W. M. Sprules, University of 
Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada; W. C. 
Stehr, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio; 
M. C. Tanner, Ogden, Utah. 

H. H. Ross, B. D. Bigeeee 
Riegel and K. M. Sommerman, all staff 
members of the Insect Survey Section of 
the Illinois Natural History Survey, have 
greatly aided the preparation of this re- 
port by the collection of material, sorting 
and labeling of material and in numerous 
other ways. J. S. Ayars, Editor of the 
Survey, has materially assisted with the 
final reading, preparation and styling of 
this article. 

I am particularly indebted, however, to 
C. O. Mohr, Associate Entomologist with 
the Survey, for almost all the splendid 
drawings which illustrate this article. 
Good drawings of the important structural 
details of the adult and nymphal stoneflies 
and dorsal views of the nymphs are, in 
certain respects, better for identification 
purposes than are word descriptions. Be- 
cause of the excellent quality of these 
drawings, I have leaned heavily upon 
them in the writing of the descriptions. 


Disposition of Material 


All holotypes, allotypes and some of the 
paratypes of the species described as new 
in this article are deposited in the insect 
collection of the Illinois Natural History 
Survey at Urbana. Paratypes of some of 
the species are deposited elsewhere, as indi- 
cated in the typic records. 

Much of the material listed in this 
paper is in the collection of the Illinois 
Natural History Survey. In some, but 
not all, instances in which material is in 
collections other than that of the Survey 
that fact is indicated, the following ab- 
breviations being used for institutional col- 
lections. 

M.C.Z.—Museum of Comparative Zool- 
ogy of Harvard College, Cambridge, 
Mass. 

C.U.—Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 

A.N.S.—Academy of Natural Sciences of 
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa. 


Arrangement of Subject Matter 


In order to prevent treating various 


genera in two separate portions of this — 


article, I have interwoven the subject 


RAE OS SAS RO MEE er, 


September, 1942 FRISON: 


matter pertaining especially to Illinois 
with that relating to the North American 
fauna as a whole. As in my paper dealing 
with the stoneflies of Illinois as a unit 
(1935a), I have followed a presentation 
order beginning with the Pteronarcidae 
and ending with Chloroperlidae. 


Revised Classification 


In my paper dealing with the stoneflies 
of Illinois (1935a), I gave a discussion 
of the classification then proposed for the 
Plecoptera of North America, together 
with an outline showing the relationships 
of the various groups as I then accepted 
them. As might be expected in the devel- 


NortH AMERICAN PLECOPTERA 


237 


opment of a classification of a neglected 
order of insects, the study of extensive 
material since 1935, particularly from 
Western states, has caused some modifica- 
tions of my former views. 

My present ideas regarding the classifi- 
cation of the North American Plecoptera 
down to generic groups are represented by 
the outline below. 

This outline represents changes in my 
1935 classification as follows: (1) reduc- 
tion of genera in the family ‘Taeniop- 
terygidae to Taeniopteryx and Brachyp- 
tera, (2) removal of Eucapnopsis from the 
Leuctridae and its placement in the Cap- 
niidae, (3) addition to the Capniidae of 
the recently described genera of Isocapnia 


REVISED CLASSIFICATION 
OF THE PLECOPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA 


WOLOGNATHA 
or 


‘FILIPALPIA 


PLECOPTERA 


SYSTELLOGNATHA, 
SUBELAPADPIA 


or 


SHEIPALPTIA 


CHLOROPERLIDAE... 


“PTERONARCIDAE..... ; 


NEMOURIDAE 35.57% 


LEUCGTRIDAE..-3:; 


CAR IELEVA 2 S. e ae 


| 2h] Pel 7s 6h aa eich ea 


IS@PEREIDAL 2) asc: 5" 


Pteronarcys 
Pteronarcella 


PEL FOPERLIDAE. 6. | Peltoperla 


TAENIOPTERYGIDAE, faeniopteryx 


_Brachyptera 
_.4 Nemoura 


{ Leuctra 
....4 Megaleuctra 
Perlomyia 

~Capnia 
Allocapnia 

) Capnura 
Eucapnopsis 

| Isocani 
Nemocapnia 


Atoperla 
Perlinella 
Neoperla 

Perlesta 
Acroneuria 
Neophasganophora 
Togoperla 
Claassenia 


' Perlodes 
Oroperla 


4 PERLODIDAE, .....,. 4 ogenus 


Hydroperla 
Dictyopterygella 
| Diploperla 


Isoperla 


Chloroperla 

Hastaperla 

- Alloperla 
Paraperla 

_Kathroperla 


238 


and Nemocapnia, (4) addition of Claas- 
senia to the Perlidae, (5) addition of Dic- 
tyopterygella to the Perlodidae, (6) the 
recognition of Diploperla as the generic 
name for a group of species formerly for 
the most part placed in Perla (s.l.), and 
its placement in the family of Perlodidae, 
(7) erection of a new family, the Isoper- 
lidae, for the genus Isoperla, which I 
formerly placed in the Chloroperlidae, 
(8) recognition of Oroperla as a genus of 
Perlodidae and (9) removal of Jsoperla 
from Chloroperlidae and the addition to 
this family of Hastaperla. 

Some of the now accepted genera repre- 
sent rather homogeneous groups of species, 
whereas other genera are quite hetero- 
geneous and may contain several more or 
less minor complexes. Acceptance of these 
minor complexes within the larger generic 
units as subgenera will serve most nomen- 
clatorial and classificatory needs. For in- 
stance, Brachyptera represents a genus 
containing several smaller complexes, most 
of which (Nephopteryx, Obipteryx, Oem- 
opteryx, Rhabdiopteryx, Strophopteryx, 
etc.) have already been named and some- 
times considered as genera. No _ phylo- 
genetic relationships are lost or obscured 
by use of subgeneric names for such 
smaller complexes as Oemopteryx, for 
example, and the treatment of general 
entomological literature is often improved. 
‘The same applies to such genera as Ne- 
moura and Perlodes. Isoperla (s.1.), as I 
now recognize it, contains several sub- 
genera, some named and others unnamed. 
Almost any genus containing a number of 
species can be broken into finer subgeneric 
groups or complexes, but it is not the pur- 
pose of this article to go into detail con- 
cerning such classifications. Revisional 
papers dealing exhaustively with single 
families or genera are the best places for 
such lesser groupings to be defined and 
evaluated. 

The groupings of the above species are 
subject to the personal factor in evalua- 
tion by individual specialists, and, like an 
accordion, the skeletal organizational 
scheme can be pulled out or contracted. 
Some students of stoneflies prefer to group 
the nemourids, leuctrids, capniids and 
taeniopterygids as subfamilies of a single 
large family, the Nemouridae. I prefer, 
however, at least for the present and until 
the world fauna is better known, to con- 


Inurwors NatruraAt History Survey BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 2 


sider them as separate families. The actual 
problems of ready identification and keying 
remain the same regardless of which policy 
is followed. Future and broader studies 
of the world stonefly fauna will inevitably 
exert influences for some changes in exist- 
ing classificatory systems. 


REVISED KEY TO FAMILIES 
of the Plecoptera of North America 


(Figures illustrating almost all of the charac- 
ters used in these keys may be found in Frison 


1935a) 


ADULTS 


1. Anal area of forewings with two or 
more rows of crossveins; basal ab- 
dominal sternites with remnants of 
nymphal gills’). .s....; ven Pteronarcidae 

Anal area of forewings entirely without 
crossveins or with but one row; basal 
abdominal segments without remnants 
of nymphal gills. >... < se. aceeee 2 

2. Cerci short, not longer than greatest 
width of the pronotum.............. 3 

Cerci long, much longer than greatest 
width of the pronotum.............. 7 

3. Forewings with numerous costal cross- 
veins; the pronotum, as viewed from 
the side, lies at a downward sloping 
angle to the otherwise general hori- 
zontal plane of the mesothorax and 
metathorax; some species with gill 
remnants at least on sides of meso- 
thorax and metathorax above bases 
Of Jerse io0 22 eee Peltoperlidae 

Forewings with no or few costal cross- 
veins; the pronotum, as viewed from 
the side, lies in the same general hori- 
zontal plane as the mesothorax and 
metathorax; without any gill remnants 
on sides of mesothorax and metathorax 
above bases of legs... -2/4. 724.0 seee 4 

4. Second tarsal segment about as long as 
other tarsal segments............... 
inst ee Re ee Taeniopterygidae 

Second tarsal segment much shorter than 
other tarsal segments................ 5 

5. Cerci with five or six segments........ 
DS ipsterNes Capniidae (Eucapnopsis only) 

Cerci one segmented................-. 

6. Apical marginal space beyond tip of sub- 
costa with an oblique crossvein; some 
species with gill remnants in cervical 
CELION Sy As hee ee Nemouridae 

Apical marginal space beyond tip of sub- 
costa without oblique crossvein ; no gill 
remnants ever present in cervical re- 
gion.... .Leuctridae 

7. First tarsal segment ‘long, about as long 
as the third tarsal segment; remnants 
of thoracic or submental gills never 
present; forewing with no or few 
median and cubital crossveins; fe- 
males with a narrow or broad, pale, 
weakly sclerotized, median, longitudi- 
nal band on basal abdominal tergites 
distinctly contrasting with strongly 
sclerotized lateral margins; labium 


; 
: 


September, 1942 


10. 


11. 


with paraglossae and glossae extend- 
ing forward about the same distance 
and arranged alongside of one another 
in same horizontal plane (Filipalpia 
(SVD) hgh wel acadeaien oar ge Pate oregon Capniidae 
First tarsal segment short, much shorter 
than third tarsal segment; remnants 
of thoracic or submental gills present 
or absent; forewing with from several 
to many median and cubital cross- 
veins; females without a weakly scle- 
rotized longitudinal band on basal ab- 
dominal tergites contrasting with 
strongly sclerotized lateral margins; 
labium with paraglossae extending 
forward beyond glossae and so dom- 
inating glossae that the latter are much 
reduced (Subulipalpia type)......... 8 
Remnants of branched filamentous gills 
on sides or venter of thorax, in posi- 
tion corresponding to location of 
branched filamentous gills in nymphs 
shin eGR REE co etre er ae Perlidae 
No remnants of nymphal branched fila- 
mentous gills on sides or venter of 
thorax, or if gill remnants are present 
they are single, not branched, finger- 
like processes (some Perlodidae) ..... 9 
Remnant of finger-like gills located near 
each side of outer basal corner of sub- 
Vis) (IN ae ae aoe One Perlodidae 
(Perlodes, Isogenus and Hydroperla) 
No remnant of finger-like gills located 
near each side of outer basal corner 
OMSU DINE DCMI espe ee ee ert eee, A 10 
Anal lobe of hindwing always present 
and large; anal lobe with 5 to 10 dis- 
tinct veins, exclusive of first anal vein, 
reaching margin of wing; males with 
lobe on posterior margin of seventh or 
eighth, or sometimes both seventh and 
eighth, ventral abdominal segments 
except for Dictyopterygella.......... 11 
Anal lobe of hindwing usually present, 
but sometimes small and in Hastaperla 
lacking; anal lobe usually with but 
two to three distinct veins exclusive of 
first anal vein, except Kathroperla 
which may have six or seven, reach- 
ing margin of wing; males without a 
lobe on posterior margin of either sev- 
enth or eighth ventral abdominal seg- 
METIS ues hoes uns era ey, Chloroperlidae 
Males with lobe on posterior margin of 
seventh abdominal sternite, except in 
Dictyopterygella where all lobes are 
lacking and in Dziploperla luctuosa 
which has lobe on eighth abdominal 
sternite; males with tenth abdominal 
tergite usually distinctly cleft, or if 
not distinctly cleft with subanal lobes 
projecting backward (Dictyopterygel- 
la) or with special terminal dorsal 
abdominal structures (Diploperla luc- 
tuosa, D. duplicata and D. bilobata) ; 
radial sector of forewing with from 
two to five branches, usually with 
three or more; subgenital plate of fe- 
male usually well developed, large 
and frequently covering most of eighth 
abdominal sternite..........Perlodidae 
(Dictyopterygella and Diploperla) 


Frison: NortH AMERICAN PLECOPTERA 239 


Males without a lobe on posterior mar- 
gin of seventh ventral abdominal seg- 
ment but with such a lobe varying in 
size from small to large, always on 
eighth abdominal sternite; males with 
tenth abdominal tergite never distinct- 
ly cleft; radial sector of forewing with 
from two to four branches, but usually 
with two; subgenital plate of female 
sometimes not developed, and when 
present usually not covering most of 
the eighth abdominal sternite........ 
qi Mes fase Eta tne me os nds ale eS Isoperlidae 


NYMPHS 


. Gills present on some of the ventral 


basal abdominal segments........... 


Gills absent on all ventral abdominal 
SESIMEDUS Hira ace SP eT ee ee a 


. Venter of thorax covered with large, 


overlapping, shieldlike plates........ 


pa Ah ne iN ied Bee Toe ek a 5 Peltoperlidae 
Venter of thorax without distinct, large, 
overlapping, shieldlike plates........ 3 


. Labium with paraglossae and _ glossae 


extending forward about the same 
distance and side by side in the same 
horizontals planes see a5 ae ee 4 
Labium with paraglossae extending for- 
ward much farther than the glossae, 
the latter deeply inset below and be- 
tween the paraglossae so as to appear 
almost as basal segments of them.... 7 


. Second tarsal segment approximately as 


long as or longer than the first seg- 


TITER R ne ee eae Taeniopterygidae 
Second tarsal segment shorter than the 
ATE SEM EE. Be Tiear os ee ete 5 


. Small and robust nymphs, hairy; hind- 


wing pads extending considerably out- 
ward from the body at an angle; gills 
present or absent in ventral cervical 
HESTON t seen en risen hoe Nemouridae 
Small and slender nymphs; hairs few, 
fine or lacking; hindwing pads lying 
about parallel to longitudinal axis of 
body; no branched cervical gills.... 6 


. Lateral margins of abdominal segments 


somewhat rounded, segments widest 
at posterior margin and narrower to- 
ward base; hindwing pads with anal 
lobe or area extending far beyond 
middle of wing pad; forewing pads 
of males sometimes entirely lacking; 
last abdominal segment in males some- 
times with a conical projection...... 
SA SAAD ce ee See et pone Capniidae 
Lateral margins of abdominal segments 
almost straight, abdomen appearing 
more cylindrical; each hindwing pad 
with anal lobe or area small and not 
extending much beyond middle of wing 
pad; forewing pads of males always 
present; last abdominal segment in 
males without a conical projection 


Mi intl Ne eget g Re tet PRN Onn a Leuctridae 
. Branched filamentous gills on sides and 
Vemier (OL thorax seer.) oan Perlidae 
Without branched filamentous gills on 
sides*0r Vellter orathorax:...) 40 oe.- 8 


. With a small membranous finger-like 


gill located near each side of outer 
basal angle of submentum. . Perlodidae 
(Perlodes, Isogenus and Hydroperla) 
Without such gill on submentum 9 
9. Lateral margins of forewing pads ap- 
proximately straight or in line with 
longitudinal body axis; tip of lacinia 
with one or more teeth; diameter of 
fourth segment of maxillary palpus 
not much greater than base of fifth 
segment; nymphs frequently with a 
conspicuous color pattern on dorsum 
of abdomen ..... Psi ee 
Lateral margins of forewing pads round- 
ed; tip of lacinia never with more 
than one tooth; diameter of fourth 
segment of maxillary palpus often 
much greater than base of fifth seg- 
ment; nymph _ without conspicuous 
color pattern on dorsum of abdomen 
(sometimes color pattern of adult 
ready to emerge is evident through 
nymphal skin) _.Chloroperlidae 
10. Maxillae bulging out from sides of head 
in a very conspicuous manner; diame- 
ter of lacinia from base to apex tapers 
very rapidly, and it forms a long 
single claw or a long claw plus a 
secondary one; color pattern of ab- 
dominal tergites suffused or with dis- 
tinct transverse markings. . 
Perlodidae (Diploperla)* 
Maxillae not or but slightly bulging out 
from sides of head; diameter of la- 
cinia from base to apex less tapering, 
structure in general of more stocky 
form with smaller teeth or tooth at 
apex; color pattern of abdominal ter- 
gites suffused or with distinct longi- 
tudinal markings........... Isoperlidae 


10 


Revised List of Illinois Species 


‘The number of species of stoneflies now 
known to be found in I]linois represents a 
great increase over the numbers in all for- 
mer lists. In briefly reviewing the growth 
of the Illinois faunal list it will suffice to 
quote from my papers of 1935a and 1937. 

In 1935 I wrote: “A revised tabulation 
of the species recorded by Walsh from the 
vicinity of Rock Island in 1862 gives us 
a present list of 15 species. In the tabu- 
lation of species by states as given by 
Needham and Claassen (1925), Illinois 
is credited with 14 species, but since two 
species of Pteronarcys are listed whereas 
all our evidence indicates but one, this 
list of 1925 includes only 13 species. If 
all the Walsh records had been placed by 
Needham and Claassen their list would 
have given 17 species for this state. Our 
studies to date give us a total of 36 species 
of stoneflies for Illinois plus at least two 


*Nymph of Dictyopterygella when found will probably 
key out at this place. 


Intinors NatuRAL History Survey BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 2 


and possibly a third species as yet known 
only as nymphs and not placeable to species 
at the present time—a list more than 
double those of Walsh or Needham and 
Claassen. 

“The status of two Acroneuria nymphs 
and another nymph which I am tentatively 
placing as Neophasganophora needs to be 
definitely established. Two of these, one 
Acroneuria and the Neophasganophora, 
are certainly species which are additions 
to our list. The second 4croneuria nymph 
now unnamed may represent a light phase 
of a species already reared and known, but 
there is also a possibility that it may be 
new to our list.” 

In 1937 I wrote: ‘These specific place- 
ments [assignment of specific names, based 
upon rearings, to two species known only 
from unidentifiable nymphs in 1935a| 
bring the total of Illinois stoneflies to 38, 
with the certainty that two additional 
species will be added by future studies, 
one a questionable identification of a fe- 
male Capnia as vernalis Newport and the 
other an Jsoperla represented as yet by a 
single nymph not placeable to species.” 

The rearing and collecting of Illinois 
material since 1937, together with the 
rearing and collecting of material from 
other states, have now expanded the IlIli- 
nois faunal list to 49 species, which is 
greater than the number recorded for any 
other state except New York. The New 
York list of 1928 contained 59 recorded 
species, but at least two of these names 
are involved in the synonymy of other 
listed names. Additional species have been 
collected in New York since then, and the 
final list has possibilities of some 60 species. 

The Illinois list may eventually be aug- 
mented by a few additional species, but 
our field work has been so comprehensive 
that but few species can possibly be added. 
No Illinois nymphs are now known which 
cannot be placed to species. 


—_ To. 


Of species — 


known to occur in adjacent states, dcro- — 


neuria areta, Isoperla dicala and Isoperla 
namata, all described in this paper, may 
sometime be taken in Illinois. 4d croneuria 
areta is found in the Ohio River basin, 
and specimens are a possibility at points 
along-the boundary waters of the Ohio 
River in southern Illinois. Isoperla nama- 
ta has been taken in two states, Indiana 
and Missouri, adjacent to southern IIlinois 
and thus may eventually be found within 


a 


5 


# 
1. 


ye Ar 


September, 1942 


our borders, but several streams which 
seemed to present possibilities of harboring 
this species have not thus far produced 
any specimens. IJsoperla dicala has been 
taken in northern Indiana, and the upper 
parts of the Kankakee River basin in IIli- 
nois present possibilities for finding this 
species. Isoperla duplicata and Leuctra 
sara have been found in Indiana about 30 
miles east of the border of central Illinois. 
Then the chance of finding some other 
species, not to be considered as a possibility 
based on present distributional records, can 
never be entirely excluded. 

Of the North American families of 
stoneflies recognized by me, Illinois lacks 
representatives of but a single family, the 
Peltoperlidae. The nymphs of species be- 
longing to this family are found in cold 
streams in mountainous or northern states, 
and it is unlikely that a species of this 
family will ever be found in Illinois. 


REVISED LIST OF THE 
PLECOPTERA OF ILLINOIS 


‘Yogether With Illinois Literature 
Citations 


PTERONARCIDAE 


Pteronarcys Newman 
Pteronarcys pictetii Hagen 
Frison 1935a, p. 336 (nobilis) 


TAENIOPTERYGIDAE 


_Taeniopteryx Pictet 
Taeniopteryx maura (Pictet) 
Frison 1935a, p. 341 (nivalis) 
Taeniopteryx parvula Banks 
Frison 1935a, p. 345 
Taeniopteryx lita Frison 
Present paper, p. 249 


Brachyptera Newport 
Brachyptera fasciata (Burmeister) 
Frison 1935a, p. 347 


NEMOURIDAE 
Nemoura Latreille 
Nemoura venosa Banks 
Frison 1935a, p. 349 
Nemoura trispinosa Claassen 
Present paper, p. 261 


LEUCTRIDAE 
Leuctra Stephens 

Leuctra claasseni Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 354 

Leuctra decepta Claassen 
Present paper, p. 257 

Leuctra tenuis (Pictet) 
Present paper, p. 258 


CAPNIIDAE 
Capnia Pictet 
Capnia opis (Newman) 
Present paper, p. 264 


Frison: NortH AMERICAN PLECOPTERA 241 


Nemocapnia Banks 

Nemocapnia carolina Banks 

oe 1935a, p. 356 (Capnia vernalis 
te) 
Allocapnia Claassen 

Allocapnia forbesi Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 363 

Allocapnia forbesi var. cornuta Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 363 

Allocapnia granulata (Claassen) 
Frison 1935a, p. 364 

Allocapnia illinoensis Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 365 

Allocapnia mystica Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 366 

Allocapnia pygmaea (Burmeister) 
Present paper, p. 265 

Allocapnia recta (Claassen) 
Frison 1935a, p. 367 

Allocapnia vivipara (Claassen) 

Frison 1935a, p. 370 
Allocapnia rickeri Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 367 

present paper, p. 269 


PERLIDAE 
Atoperla Banks 
Atoperla ephyre (Newman) 
Frison 1935a, p. 377 
Perlinella Banks 
Perlinella drymo (Newman) 
Frison 1935a, p. 380 
Neoperla Needham 
Neoperla clymene (Newman) 
Frison 1935a, p. 381 
Perlesta Banks 
Perlesta placida (Hagen) 
Frison 1935a, p. 386, and present paper, 
p. 271 
Acroneuria Pictet 
Acroneuria abnormis (Newman) 
Frison, 1935a, p. 391 
Acroneuria internata (Walker) 
Frison 1935a, p. 401 
Acroneuria ruralis (Hagen) 
Frison 1935a, p. 403 
Acroneuria evoluta Klapalek 
Frison 1935a, p. 395 (arida), and pres- 
ent paper, p. 273 
Acroneuria mela Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 405 (Acroieuria sp. a), 
and 1937, p. 79 (ewoluta) 
Acroneuria perplexa Frison 
Frison 1937, p. 79 
Neophasganophora Lestage 
Neophasganophora capitata (Pictet) 
Frison 1935a, p. 409 
Togoperla Klapalek 
Togoperla media (Walker) 
Frison 1935a, p. 412 
Togoperla kansensis (Banks) 
Frison 1937, p. 82, and 1935a, p. 414 
(Togoperla sp. a) 


PERLODIDAE 
Hydroperla Frison 

Hydroperla crosbyi (Needham & Claas- 
sen) 
Frison 1935a, p. 419 

Hydroperla harti Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 423 

Hydroperla varians (Walsh) 
Frison 1935a, p. 426, and 1937, p. 82 


(pygmaea), and 


242 


CHLOROPERLIDAE 
Hastaperla Ricker 
Hastaperla brevis (Banks) 
Frison 1935a, p. 431 
present paper, p. 340 


(cydippe), and 


Alloperla Banks 


Alloperla caudata Frison 
Present paper, p. 342 
Alloperla banksi Frison 
Present paper, p. 343 


ISOPERLIDAE 


Isoperla Banks 
Isoperla bilineata (Say) 
Frison 1935a, p. 437 
Isoperla confusa Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 441 
Isoperla conspicua Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 445 
Isoperla decepta Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 447 
Isoperla minuta (Banks) 
Frison 1935a, p. 453 
Isoperla mohri Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 455 
Isoperla richardsoni Frison 
Frison 1935a, p. 459 
Isoperla marlynia Needham & Claassen 
Frison 1935a, p. 439 (clio), and present 
paper, p. 330 
Isoperla burksi Frison 
Present paper, p. 332 
Isoperla longiseta Banks 
Present paper, p. 318 


PTERONARCIDAE 


Because of their large size for stoneflies, 
gill remnants on adults and general dis- 
tribution, the species of Pteronarcys have 
long attracted the fancy of students of 
insect life. In spite of all the work done 
to date, however, there remain taxonomic 
problems and gaps in our knowledge which 
can be solved only, or best, by the rearing 
of series of specimens from numerous lo- 
calities. 

One of the problems confronting the 
writer has been the determination of the 
number of eastern North American spe- 
cies in the complex in which the nymphs 
lack the lateral lobes or hooks on the sides 
of the abdomen. This, in turn, has led to 
some discoveries regarding existing nomen- 
clatorial matters. My conclusions to date 
regarding these matters are presented 
under the headings of Pteronarcys dorsa- 
ta (Say) and pictetii Hagen. 

The bibliography and synonymy listed 
for dorsata and pictetii do not include all 
references to these two species in litera- 
ture, but these listings do account for all 
references involving synonymy and nomen- 


Inurnors Natura History Survey BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 2 


clatorial problems. It is a fairly safe as- 
sumption that all American references 
since Smith (1917) for dorsata should 
now be associated with dorsata and those 
for nobilis Hagen should now be associated 
with pictetii. 


Pteronarcys dorsata (Say) 


Sialis dorsata Say (1823, p. 164). Original 
description. 


Pteronarcys regalis Newman (1838a, p. 
176). Previous synonymy accepted. 
Kollaria insignis Pictet (1841, p. 123). 


Previous synonymy accepted. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Hagen (1861, p. 15). 
New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys proteus Hagen (1861, p. 14). 
New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys regalis Hagen (1873, p. 286). 
Previous synonymy accepted. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Hagen (1873, p. 285). 
New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys frigida Gerstaecker (1873, p. 
65). Previous synonymy accepted. 

Pteronarcys rectus Provancher 
189). Previous synonymy accepted. 

Pteronarcys flavicornis Provancher (1876, 
p. 191). Previous synonymy accepted. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Klapalek (1907, p. 153). 
New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys dorsata Needham & Claassen 
(1925, p. 35). 

Pteronarcys shelfordi Frison (1934, p. 25). 
herr synonymy of frigida by Ricker (1938, 
p. 130). 


In her revisional paper dealing with the 
North American species of Pteronarcinae 
and Perlodini, Smith (1917) established 
the association of the specific name of 
dorsata with a common northeastern spe- 
cies of Pteronarcys which in the female 
has the posterior margin of the eighth 
abdominal sternite straight and in the male 
has the tips of the lobes of the tenth ab- 
dominal tergite bent upward. This con- 
cept of dorsata may or may not represent 
the species actually described by Say, but 
this interpretation of Say’s species was ac- 
cepted by Needham & Claassen (1925) ; 
there is no good reason for not following, 
and from the standpoint of stability of 
names there is good reason for favoring, 
the perpetuation of this earlier nomen- 
clatorial decision. 

It is unfortunate, however, that, when 
adopting the use of the name dorsata, 
Smith (1917) did not correctly interpret 
nobilis Hagen (1861). The female of 
nobilis in the original description is char- 
acterized as having the “2 antepenulti- 
mate one [ventral segment] truncated, 
orange, two short setiform appendages? 


(1876, p. 


September, 1942 FRISON : 


(they cannot be clearly seen).” In view 
of this suggestive description, it Is surpris- 
ing that the name of nobilis was associated 
by Smith (1917) with a species which 
has the eighth abdominal sternite distinctly 
incised in the middle of its posterior mar- 
gin. Needham & Claassen (1925) fol- 
lowed Smith, and, previous to a close study 
of the types of nobilis, this use of names 
was accepted by me (1935a). 

In the Museum of Comparative Zo- 
ology, there are two specimens, one male 
and one female, labeled as the types of 
nobilis and assigned the type number of 
“241.” Upon two occasions I have studied 
these types in considerable detail, and upon 
another occasion had them independently 
studied for me by Dr. H. H. Ross of the 
Illinois Natural History Survey. The 
typic female specimen has associated with 
it on the insect pin the data, “P. nobilis 
Hagen-Winthem-Hagen,” and the typic 
male the data, “New York—Winthem- 
Hagen.” Neither the typic male nor the 
typic female corresponds to the use of 
nobilis as defined by Smith (1917) and 
followed by Needham & Claassen (1925) 
and subsequently by me (1935a). The 
typic female has the posterior margin of 
the eighth abdominal sternite straight and 
thus corresponds with the “truncated” 
part of Hagen’s original description and 
the species dorsata as now accepted. The 
“two short setiform appendages” question- 
ably mentioned by Hagen (1861) do not 
now show in the pinned specimen, and 
later Hagen (1873) states, “There are 
no appendages (as I described with a ? 
in my Synopsis). Even if these appen- 
dages were present, as I shall show in a 
following paragraph, they would not pre- 
clude this typic female being placed in the 
synonymy of dorsata. The typic male, 
likewise, has the lobes of the tenth ab- 
dominal tergite slightly turned upwards 
as in shelfordi Frison and dorsata, and 
most certainly not downwards as in nobilis 
as used by Smith (1917). Since all evi- 
dence points to the male and female speci- 
mens labeled as types “No. 142” being the 
true types, it must follow that nobilis 
should be placed in the synonymy of 
dorsata. 

Unaware of certain characters of frigida 
Gerstaecker (1873) from Labrador, pre- 
viously sunk as a synonym of dorsata by 


Smith (1917), I described shelfordi in 


NortH AMERICAN PLECOPTERA 243 


1934 from Fort Churchill on Hudson’s 
Bay. Ricker (1938), after a study of 
Gerstaecker’s type, came to the conclusion 
that shelfordi was a synonym of frigida, 
and I now accept the view that these two 
are of the same species. 

It is also now my view that shelfordi 
is the same as dorsata and that the differ- 
ences originally used by me (1934) to 


fis tonics 


Fig. 1.— 
Pteronarcys 
dorsata. 


2 SUBGENITAL PLATE 


separate the two are attributable to vari- 
ation. This view was gradually formed 
by the study of considerable adult Pteron- 
arcys material and by repeated attempts to 
separate to species the nymphs belonging 
to this same complex of species (lacking 
lateral hooks on sides of abdomen). My 
suspicions that shelfordi (— frigida) in- 
tergraded with dorsata were definitely con- 
firmed by the rearing of a series of adults 
from nymphs found climbing out of the 
water in the Pere Marquette River near 
Baldwin, Mich., on May 19, 1940. Fig. 
1 shows the posterior margins of the eighth 
abdominal sternites of adult females reared 
at this time. It can be seen from this figure 
that there is intergradation in the same 
locality between females of the dorsata 
and shelfordi types, and they should not 
be accepted as distinct species. When 
shelfordi was originally described I was 
not aware of the shape of the eighth ab- 
dominal sternite in the females of frigida, 
and as a result of Smith’s (1917) paper 
I assumed that all the names placed in 
synonymy of dorsata referred to females 
having the posterior margin of the eighth 
abdominal sternite straight without small 
projections. 

Distributional records do tend to indi- 
cate, however, that specimens of dorsata 
having the eighth abdominal sternite 
straight are more nearly confined to the 
southern part of the range of this species, 
and those with two small projections on 
the eighth sternite (frigida and shelfordi 
types) prevail in the northern part of its 
range. 


244 


I am accepting Smith’s (1917) place- 
ment of Kollaria insignis Pictet (1841), 
Pteronarcys regalis Newman (1838), P. 
rectus Provancher (1876), P. flavicornis 
Provancher (1876) and P. frigida Ger- 
staecker (1873) as synonyms of dorsata. 
Klapalek (1907) has shown that insignis 
is the same as regalis, and regalis is a syn- 
onym of dorsata, as a result of Smith’s 
interpretation of Say’s species. Ricker 
(1938) further confirms synonymy of in- 
signis with dorsata based upon study of 
the type of the former. 

In 1939, I studied the specimens in the 
Provancher collection now in the Provin- 
cial Museum, Quebec, Canada, in hopes 
of definitely locating types of rectus and 
flavicornis. In this collection I found one 
female and one male Pteronarcys associat- 
ed with the label of “P. regalis,” and both 
are specimens of dorsata as | now recog- 
nize this species. Another female Pteron- 
arcys standing associated with the name 
“rectus” may be a type, and it also is 
dorsata. All specimens of Pteronarcys 
now in the Provancher collection tend to 
confirm the correctness of placing these 
names rectus and flavicornis in the synony- 
my of dorsata as done by Smith (1917). 

It should be mentioned here that 
Hagen’s 1861 record for proteus and his 
1873 record for nobilis should be placed in 
the bibliography of dorsata since Hagen 
in 1873 states that the specimens recorded 
by him in 1861 as proteus are regalis 

— dorsata). Smith (1917) thus erred 
in placing Hagen’s (1861) reference to 
proteus under proteus when it should go 
under dorsata. Also, Klapalek’s (1907) 
reference to nobilis should be placed in the 
synonymy of dorsata and not under pic- 
tetii (= nobilis) as done by Smith. 

As mentioned in an earlier paragraph, I 
am placing regalis in the synonymy of 
dorsata because of reared females from the 
same locality which show all stages be- 
tween having a straight posterior margin 
of the eighth abdominal sternite and hav- 
ing two conspicuous nipple-like processes. 
Hagen’s (1873) report seems to be quite 
definite in regard to regalis having these 
nipple-like processes. 


Pteronarcys pictetii Hagen 


Pteronarcys pictetii Hagen (1873, p. 286). 
Original description, ¢, 9. 


Inuinors Natrurat History Survey BULLETIN 


Vol. 22, Art. 2 


Pteronarcys regalis Hagen (1861, p. 15). 
New synonymy for Q. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Smith (1917, p. 448). 
New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Needham & Claassen 
(1925, p. 36). New synonymy. 

Pteronarcys nobilis Frison (1935a, p. 336). 
New synonymy. 

Under the discussion of dorsata (Say) 
I have shown that nobilis Hagen is the 
species called dorsata by Smith (1917), 
and that regalis Newman (1838a) is a 
variant of dorsata. 

The types of pictetii are now in the 
Museum of Comparative Zoology, associ- 
ated with the type number “242.” The 
female has labels associated with it as fol- 
lows: “Philadelphia — Winthem — Ha- 
gen.” ‘The male has associated with it the 
following data: ‘‘Meadville—Pa.—B. P. 
Mann.” In view of the fact that the male 
type is the species dorsata, I hereby desig- 
nate the female type as the lectotype to 
govern the use of the name Pictetit. 

A study of these types reveals that 
pictetii is the species called nobilis by 
Smith and was so synonymized by her. 
However, since Smith’s concept of nobilis 
was in error, the name of pictetii, by selec- 
tion of typic female as lectotype, is the 
first name available to be used for the 
species called nobilis by Smith (1917), 
Needham & Claassen (1925) and Frison 
(1934 and 1935a). 

Hagen’s (1873) paper clearly corrected 
his earlier mistakes of 1861 regarding 
Pteronarcys, but he had no means of 
knowing that his nobilis and regalis would 
be found to intergrade and that dorsata 
would later be considered a species of 
Pteronarcys having name priority over 
both nobilis and regalis. 

I have been unable thus far to find 
definite workable characters for separating